| SURFACE OPTICS CORP.
11555 Rancho Bernardo Road San Diego, CA 92127 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 675-7404
James M. Lorenz ARMY 99-001 |
| Title: | Hyperspectral Data Fusion |
| Abstract: | A program to demonstrate the feasibility of reducing the size and cost of the Surface Optics Corporation (SOC) MIDIS hyperspectral imaging (HSI) data processing electronics by implementing these hyperspectral data fusion electronics in application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) technology is proposed. The proposed MIDIS electronics ASIC development (MEAD) investigation will utilize the existing, commerically available, MIDIS electronics design, which is implemented using FPGAs and discrete memories as a starting point for the effort. The Phase I task will be to modify and partition the MIDIS electronics design for optimum implementation in an ASIC. The results of the Phase I plus Fast Track option tasks will be the selection of a target silicon technology and libraries for the ASIC, an HDL design database for the ASIC at the RTL level ready for synthesis into the target technology, a proposed system architecture based on the ASIC, and ASIC NRE and production cost estimates. All of these items shall be targeted to result in an ASIC MIDIS electronics design that will meet or exceed the small volume goal of 6 cubic inches maximum. By building on SOC's eight years of experience in real-time HSI instrument and algorithm development, SOC's lead digital engineer's ASIC design experience at TRW, and Octera Corporation's extensive and proven ASIC design experience, the proposed program will produce a miniaturized MIDIS electronics design which will fit in a small volume and be less costly to produce so as to satisfy a variety of military and commercial applications. BENEFITS: Development of the MIDIS electronics ASIC chip will significantly enhance the potential of hyperspectral sensing technology to be utilized in a multitude of commercial and military applications. By reducing the size of the system, the processor can be included in truly mobile applications. By reducing the cost, many more areas for commercialization will be opened up. Applications include infrared HSI, hyperspectral X-ray and data fusion in general. Specific applications are military target ID and classification, damage assessment, friend or foe discrimination, non-destructive inspection, smart sensors/munitions, medical diagnostics and smart cars. |
| SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING CORP.
101 West 6th Street, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 479-7732
Gary McMillian, Ph.D. ARMY 99-001 |
| Title: | HYPERspectral Fusion ASIC (HYPER-ASIC) |
| Abstract: | Systems and Processes Engineering Corporation (SPEC) proposes to build 0.18 m or 0.25 m CMOS Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) to process and store Hyperspectral Imaging data. The ASICs will be able to process hyperspectral images up to 512 x 512 16 bit pixels spatial, by 256 values spectral data. It will be able to perform algorithms using the hardware currently implemented in FPGAs for match filtering and convolution. The use of ASICs can represent space savings of approximately 10:1 over FPGAs. The ASICs will be able to process a throughput greater than 1giga-pixel(16 gigabits) per second with a parallel architecture using an 1:8 GaAs de-multiplexer. Data storage capabilities will be of initial, intermediate, or processed data and will be on the order of 1megabit per ASIC. The system of ASICs will be able to perform a number of Government supplied algorithms including Match filtering and convolution using a multiply/accumulate process to perform operations such as haze and atmosphere removal and unmixing. BENEFITS: Hyperspectral Imaging is predicted to have wide use in both military and industry. Several applications, listed by category are; military, target detection, industrial, agriculture, pollution, semiconductor production, anti-terrorism, counterfeiting, and medical. With all of these possible uses for hyperspectral imagery will come a great demand for a processor capable of effectively separating anomalies from the data. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71, Etna Road Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
William R. Baschnagel ARMY 99-002 |
| Title: | An Innovative Cargo Securement Mesh with Integral Light-weight, Low-cost Tensioning Devices and Adaptable Control Systems |
| Abstract: | Current techniques for securing loads to the Container Roll In/Out Platform employ standard commercial strapping and a multiplicity of field fabricated dunnage. This is resource intensive, time consuming, requires great attention to following preplanned instructions and not well suited for field use. During Phase I we will develop an anisotropic cargo securement mesh with integrated "smart" tensioning devices that will address the shortfalls of the current approach. The lateral mesh elements are the primary load carrying elements while the more elastic longitudinal elements adapt to the cargo and distribute lateral and longitudinal loads. The integral tensioning devices will be individually powered and adaptable to a spectrum of open or closed loop control systems. BENEFITS: The proposed system will provide a cost effective, flexible securement system suitable for use throughout the logistic system including at the unit level in the field. It will eliminate the need for detailed preplanned instructions and reduce or eliminate the need for field fabricated dunnage. |
| TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
7975 S. Main Street Mesilla Park, NM 88047 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 524-2154
Dr. Alton L. Gilbert ARMY 99-003 |
| Title: | INNOVATIVE NON-LINE-OF-SIGHT PASSIVE ACOUSTIC SENSORS FOR TARGET LOCATION AT EXTENDED RANGES |
| Abstract: | Non-cooperative acoustics has been identified as having high value and will be used in selected Force XXI weapons systems for detection, acquisition, tracking and identification of targets on the combat applications, however none to date have been developed and demonstrated in land-detection, tracking and classification capability with extended duration deployments deep into the battle-space. To date one of the most promising technologies for such a sensor has been the adaptive beam-forming sensor technology developed by Alliant Techsystems, who is no longer in the business. An alternative that has potential to be of comparable performance has been developed by a division of Texas Instuments, now part of Raytheon. Also, Penn State University has developed important technologies in noise mitigation and classification. TSI has entered into an agreement with each of these organizations to perform a comparative evaluation and assessment of these technologies as a basis for a practical Unattended NLOS Acoustic Sensor System (UNASS) for battlefield applications as a part of this effort. Having a starting point for the technology is only one aspect of the development of a practical UNAS. From a "systems" perspective the UNASS will only satisfactorily perform its function if it can be deployed for extended periods without servicing, communicate with a station that can exploit its reconnaissance reports, operate under varying environmental conditions, and provide valuable information at an affordable cost. A long-range sensor is at most only one system component, albeit an extremely important one. This effort will examine the benefits to be obtained by coupling sensors with differing characteristics, including long range (but more costly) sensors and short range (but very inexpensive) sensors to achieve the UNASS objectives. BENEFITS: The physics of acoustic propagation, sources, environment, background noise and sensor performance are not specific to military problems. The technologies proposed as applied to military contexts are intentionally designed so that specific military sources and sounds of combat are isolated from the physics-based modeling in data files, and commercially-equivalent sources (aircraft, trains, automobiles, fog-horns, whistles, sirens, etc.) can readily be substituted for tanks and RWA when used for non-defense applications. Indeed, some of these very sources have relevance to Operations Other Than War (OOTW) missions of the US Military, since OOTW exercises are most often conducted in non-militarized areas, and adverse actions directed at Peace-Keeping/Peace-Making forces may employ a multiplicity of sound-producing transportation methods. This data-driven approach, together with modest changes to the combat simulation to be a simulation of traffic patterns and source-sensor interactions, make the proposed libraries/technologies readily adaptable to use in noise abatement studies, sound-level predictions, and related analyses for urban planning, sound pollution control, and approach-path analyses for airports. |
| OMNITECH ROBOTICS, INC.
2640 South Raritan Circle Englewood, CO 80110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 922-7773
Sid Gluckman ARMY 99-004 |
| Title: | Automated Material Handling Equipment |
| Abstract: | The ATLAS forklift, equipped with a heavy-lift extensible crane, is capable of lifting and moving a variety of payloads, both hazardous and non-hazardous. However, the restricted view from the driver's cab makes it difficult or impossible for an unassisted ATLAS driver to engage payload pallets with the vehicle's lifting forks. Instead, a "ground guide" observer must direct these operations while the driver operates the controls. This guided operation requires two skilled people on the scene, which is not only an inefficient use of manpower, but also a significant risk to life and limb during hazardous operations such as munitions loading. Three evolutionary steps are envisioned to address this problem. First, a means will be developed to permit the ATLAS driver to view, engage, lift, move, and place pallets without the assistance of a ground guide. Second, these solutions will be adapted to a teleoperation system such as the Standardized Robotic System, to permit the solo ATLAS driver to perform all required vehicle operations remotely. Third, the teleoperation system will be adapted for fully autonomous operation, so that the vehicle driver need not be present at all. BENEFITS: Reduced personnel needed due to elimination of ground guide, with potentially increased safety. Also teleoperation control is enabled, enhancing unmanned operation capability and efficiency. |
| ENCAPCO, L.P.
P.O. Box 2223, 11555 Dublin Blvd. Dublin, CA 94568 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(925) 829-9595
William Jones ARMY 99-005 |
| Title: | Innovative Treatment of Depleted Uranium Contaminated Soils |
| Abstract: | The use of organic based emulsions in the construction industry goes back over 50 years. The first commercial asphaltic emulsions were emulsified-asphaltic oils for dust control. Continued development of this technology produced asphaltic-based emulsion/aggregate systems strong enough not to flow or rut under traffic loading yet were resilient enough not to crack or break apart through weather extremes. In addition, organic based emulsions were developed for generic soil stabilization and dust control use. Professional guidelines have been published for the use of organic based emulsions in soil stabilization. The Asphalt Institute Manual Series MS-1, MS-10 and MS-14 covers specifications and methods for emulsified treated base. We have proven that an emulsion can also be made to sequester most cationic metals rendering them insoluble within the treated soil matrix. We propose to test both modidfied asphalt and tall oil pitch based emulsions for characteristics beneficial to mitigating on-site physical and chemical migration of depleted uranium(DU) in firing range soils. The study will evaluate treated soil strength parameters, DU solubility, DU corrosivity, biological impacts, and methods of field design and application. We also propose to conduct a field pilot test based on results of the laboratory work. Potential clients for this technology include DOD,USDOE, USEPA, and private industry. BENEFITS: In place stabilization of DU contaminated soils should prove to be the most efficient and cost effective approach to remediation and on-going maintenance of active ranges. The technology could not only prove to be viable at DU contaminated manufacturing and military sites, but at other public and private facilities containing contaminants such as lead and arsenic. |
| QED TECHNOLOGIES
1080 University Avenue Rochester, NY 14607 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(716) 256-6540
Donald Golini ARMY 99-006 |
| Title: | Subaperture Scanning Interferometer for Aspheric and Conformal Surfaces |
| Abstract: | On-axis subaperture interferometry is ideally suited to the high-precision metrology of axisymmetric aspheres of moderate aperture size and numerical aperture. Innovative approaches are required, however, to make the testing of larger aspheres or non-axisymmetric surfaces (such as conformals) both flexible and cost effective. To meet this need, QED proposes to develop a scanning, off-axis, subaperture system. The success of this system relies on the innovations we propose for (i) subaperture stitching with low noise and automatic system calibration and (ii) the processing of high-density (sub-Nyquist) interference fringes. The key step is the system calibration that is to automatically remove the limiting errors associated with aberrations in both the reference wave and imaging optics as well as positioning errors and image distortion. The Phase I work is to be implemented as a modification to a standard phase-shifting interferometer. The results will demonstrate our ability to perform high precision (error < ) subaperture metrology on nominally spherical and weakly aspheric surfaces. It will also quantify the performance of our empirical methods for system calibration. Success in Phase I will provide the foundation for the Phase II tasks of developing a fully automated subaperture metrology system for more strongly aspheric optics including conformals. BENEFITS: This new metrology product will enable reliable and cost effective fabrication of aspheric and conformal optics with applications in a variety of commercial, scientific, and military optical systems (e.g. high-end cameras, photolithography, and head up displays). |
| HI-Z TECHNOLOGY, INC.
Suite 7400, 7606 Miramar Road San Diego, CA 92126 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 695-6660
Daniel T. Allen ARMY 99-008 |
| Title: | Milliwatt Generator |
| Abstract: | As an alternate to chemical batteries a milliwatt power supply utilizing tritium as the power source will be developed. Radiation (betas) from the Tritium will not be discernable since the tritium is encapsulated in a metal can and the betas are easily shielded. Thermoelectrics will be used to generate the electric output. This technology is presently funded by DOE and DARPA and doing well. The U. S. Army need only develop the heat source in Phase I. Hi-Z recommends two other heat source concepts be pursued: A miniature fossil-fired burner analogous to cigarette lighters and molten salts that after heating above their melting point exhibit very slow cooling rates so four hour mission lifetimes can be attained. Long life and high reliability are expected, such that for military use these can be "install and forget" power supplies. From cost and dependability standpoints this battery replacement will be a significant improvement over the status quo. Work will include design of the generator, detailed safety analysis and projections of economics in military and in civil (dual use) deployment. BENEFITS: Development of this compact generator as a battery substitute will benefit military and commercial users of rechargeable and/or one-use chemical batteries. It provides longer life, greater energy density, competitive cost and high reliability. A range of consumer electronics from camcorders to cell phones could use this power source. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
655 Aspen Ridge Drive Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 379-3137
Dr. Duane D. Smith ARMY 99-010 |
| Title: | A New Approach to Ultra-Precision Laser Gunnery |
| Abstract: | Coherent Technologies Inc. (CTI) proposes to develop a laser-guided munitions system to meet the ultra-precision targeting requirements of the Objective Sniper Weapon. The system will also be applicable to other components of the Objective Weapons suite. The laser designator will have a >2 km range capability while simultaneously providing aimpoint selection with ~10 cm cross-range precision and rangefinding to +/-1 m. Targeting and guidance will be facilitated with a miniature 1.5 micron eyesafe diode-pumped solid state laser transmitter. External ballistics control will be implemented by a laser receiver and innovative control loop mechanism within the round. This novel approach obviates conventional muzzle correction techniques such as cross-wind measurements and largely mitigates against variables such as humidity, temperature, altitude, elevation angle, propellant variations, and barrel wear. In Phase I, a demonstrator for the laser transmitter will validate the optical design. The external ballistics guidance control mechanism will also be modeled and a preliminary design advanced. In Phase II, the demonstrator system will be fabricated and tested. The simplicity and accuracy of the laser guidance system and smart bullet will facilitate development of a variety of different smart munitions following the Phase II brassboard prototype development. CTI's on-going programs in tactical laser-enhanced weapon development provide leverage for the proposed effort. BENEFITS: In addition to the Objective Sniper Weapon, the laser-guided munitions system will be applicable to other components of the Objective Weapons suite and law enforcement needs. The miniature laser rangefinder itself will have other military applications such as target and landmark location, fire control from tanks and aircraft, and collision avoidance. Civilian uses include surveying, navigation, collision avoidance, search and rescue, and sports. |
| LUTRONIX
13627 Portofino Drive Del Mar, CA 92014 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 259-1006
Dr. Gary M. Lee ARMY 99-010 |
| Title: | 30 Cal Smart Sniper Rifle |
| Abstract: | This is a proposal for the design, fabrication, and flight test for a 30 cal smart sniper "rifle." The smart bullet has a steering capability that allows it to correct for gravity and wind. The slow spinning bullet is optically tracked by the "rifle" and an optical communication system to the bullet provides guidance commands. The processor at the "rifle" estimates the bullet spin angle using a polarized laser illuminator and a polarized corner cube on the bullet. The bullet is steered using either canards, wings, fins, or aerospike control. Piezoceramic actuators drive the aerodynamic surfaces, providing wide bandwidth control with low weight, low volume, low cost, and high electrical efficiency. A 30 cal smart sniper rifle should weigh roughly 15 lb. Automatic target tracking and optical stabilization using micro gyros will be provided. Direct pointed accuracy of less than 10 cm at 2000 m range is achievable. BENEFITS: The proposed system will greatly increase the range of 30 cal weapons for both military and commercial hunting applications. This technology is applicable to much larger calibers and could be used for air-to-air combat, ship defense against sea skimming missiles, or a Bradley gun for defense against helicopters. |
| ANACAPA SCIENCES, INC.
301 East Carrillo Street 2FL Santa Barbara, CA 93101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 966-6157
Susan C. Fischer ARMY 99-011 |
| Title: | Development and test of a conceptual framework for critical thinking skills within a military context |
| Abstract: | Despite a long history of research on critical thinking (CT), efforts to train these skills have been hampered by the lack of a dominant model. The primary objective of Phase I will be to develop a model of CT, applied to military decision making. The model will be used in Phase II to direct development of an instructional system whose purpose will be to train future battle commanders in CT skills. The model will be used to identify and select a set of CT skills essential for successful Battle Command. A second objective will be that each skill selected should be trainable. A third objective of the Phase I effort will be to demonstrate that each CT skill comes with an associated suite of reliable and valid performance measures. The model of CT will be derived from several sources of information: (1) basic and applied literature on critical thinking, (2) a conceptual analysis of critical thinking cases, and (3) interviews with Army battlefield commanders. The model will situate critical thinking within the context of human cognitive processing and military decision-making. Phase I will culminate with specified functional requirements for an instructional program in critical thinking for battle commanders. BENEFITS: Phase II research will use the model and the functional requirements to develop a much-needed instructional system for military battlefield commanders. Because the decision and information demands levied on military commanders are extensive, training in critical thinking may greatly benefit the decision making process. However, this instructional system would be a valued and highly marketable product for other industries interested in promoting critical thinking (CT). For example, corporations may want to use the system to train their employees in CT. We anticipate that educational systems, in particular vocational training such as for nursing and technical education, would also be potential markets for the instructional system. The model will also direct development of reliable and valid assessment instruments of CT which could also be marketed to businesses and educational institutions interested in applying testing for assessment, selection, and placement issues. |
| COGNITIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
4200 Lorcom Lane Arlington, VA 22207 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 524-4331
Marvin S. Cohen ARMY 99-011 |
| Title: | Development and Test of a Framework for Critical Thinking Skills in a Military Context |
| Abstract: | The first objective of the proposed research is to develop a framework that organizes and evaluates empirical findings and theoretical concepts in areas relevant to critical thinking processes and critical thinking training. The second objective is to apply and test the framework by systematically prioritizing open research questions in terms of their practical importance for the development of Army critical thinking training, and by selecting several such questions for investigation in Phase II. These objectives will be achieved by means of four basic tasks and two optional tasks: (1) Creation of an advisory board of prominent researchers in relevant areas; (2) identification and analysis of key critical thinking issues, positions, and arguments; (3) integration of key issues into a comprehensive framework; (4) prioritization and selection of research issues for Phase II; (5) (optional) implementation of a graphical, interactive, and collaborative user interface for the critical thinking framework; and (6) (optional) use of the automated tool for more detailed modeling of the selected research Phase II research issues. BENEFITS: Rapid change and uncertainty in the business environment have made critical thinking a highly prized skill at all levels in today's business. We will actively pursue sales of the critical thinking training developed in Phase II among a variety of potential commercial customers. These may include airline pilot training, air traffic control, nuclear power plant operation, law enforcement, hospital emergency room physicians, business executives, financial traders, strategic planners, and many others. |
| ACG
10005 Culverene Drive Ellicott City, MD 21042 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 465-8989
Dr. Salim Akhtar ARMY 99-012 |
| Title: | Lightweight Personal Protective Head Gear Communication System for the Dismounted Soldier |
| Abstract: | Project Venus is proposed to meet expanding demands on current overloaded helmet systems. It is a lightweight total head modular system emphasizing protection and human factors concerns. Comfort is key for the technology-and-user-driven appliance that will create a pride of ownership - no helmet is worth much if soldiers will not wear it when needed. The modular architecture has two basic properties: a stand-alone system and interactive subsystems performed on the hypothesis that increased design reuse of subsystems and parts of existing helmet designs have a vast heritage. Clean Sheet Approach integrates the ABC learning curve (American, British & Canadian), ACG vast experiences and feedback from the end-users. Project Venus offers: (1) a modular styled helmet shape, opposite from "porridge-bowl" and "liberty bell" forms with a new surface finish, biomimicked smart materials replacing foams, chin strapless, shoulder-wrap, and with human factorial comfort providing protection to total head and upper proximity, (2) a ballistic and structural performance are improved by replacing outer 1/3rd with a carbon epoxy, maintaining `swatch fabric system, and replacing KM2 with Zylon fiber, (3) a modular Visual and Virtual Sensory Ensemble offering flat, 3-D geospatial helmet displays, and (4) a completely modular portable, self-powered ear-level communication system providing two-way communication, two-way video, 3-D audio processing, noise reduction and enhanced hearing using COTS PC and wireless technologies. BENEFITS: ACG, in its experience with previous products, has formulated that the helmets core technology and unique new design will be general enough to ensure commercial success. ACG will extensively use industrial design as an important tool for both satisfying customer needs and differentiating their products from those of their competition. ACG design will communicate a mature visual quality helmet in addition to its utility and low cost. |
| ELECTRO-STOMA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
10401 Old Georgetown Rd, #310 Bethesda, MD 20814 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 530-0700
Barry L. Mersky, DDS ARMY 99-013 |
| Title: | Human Communication Performance in High Noise Environments |
| Abstract: | The technical objective is to deliver an improved, low cost, hands-free communication system for use in many military high noise environments but with particular benefit to warfighters on-the-run or in special situations. The goal is accomplished by relying on a (dental) bone conduction communication pathway which is generally insensitive to the high noise which exists in the air environment and air communication pathway. The system uses a novel transducer which: (1) Acts as both a sensor (microphone) and actuator (receiver for listening), (2) Is firmly attached to the teeth, and (3) Is linked through a wireless intraoral transceiver to a body worn larger transceiver. The system shall be called the TAS, for Tooth Actuator / Sensor. Prior research has shown that a similar system delivers greater than 80% speech intelligibility in Modified Rhyme Testing in high noise (85-100 dBA). It is anticipated that the completed system will provide 92% speech intelligibility in extreme noise conditions (115-140 dBA). BENEFITS: The anticipated commercial potential of the TAS initially is for use in high noise environments including aviation, firefighting and heavy machinery. Another market could be based on the TAS covert features, implying benefit to law enforcement groups. If the human factors performance is exceptional, then the TAS may represent the next generation of telephone-human interface. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
2 Research Place, Suite 202 Rockville, MD 20850 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 590-3155
Dr. C.M. Kwan ARMY 99-014 |
| Title: | Noise Elimination for Enchanced Speech Recognition |
| Abstract: | This proposal details a new approach to filtering noise from speech. It has two primary advantages. First, it allows additional data sources to be added with only minimal modification to the code. Our phase 1 work will focus on two types of sensors in addition to a conventional microphone. These are a speech reading sensor, and a vocal fold micropower impulse radar microphone. Our generic approach to noise filtering will allow those and/or other sensors to be added, with the data fused to provide an estimate of the speech frequencies which can then be used to filter noise from speech. The second advantage of our approach is that the system does not, and cannot, add artifacts to the speech such as often happens with other noise filtering algorithms. Conventional noise filtering algorithms are very effective in filtering noise from speech, but they add artifacts to the speech which confounds automated speech understanding. This cannot happen with our approach. The basic system exploits a neural net to learn the relationship between the sensor inputs (as many as are available) and the correct frequencies in the speech. During use, noise frequencies are filtered out, leaving clear speech which can be input to commercial speech recognizers. BENEFITS: IAI is planning on commercializing this technology in the near term with an advanced "automated push to talk" mechanism whereby the user's transmitter will be automatically keyed when they speak, but which will not be keyed by noise. The need to manually key a microphone is a major problem for fireman, policeman, race car drivers, etc. We already have a source of private funds for this particular near term product. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
655 Aspen Ridge Drive Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Narasimha Prasad ARMY 99-015 |
| Title: | High-speed, fast tracking, mobile, and eye-safe laser communication system |
| Abstract: | Coherent Technologies, Inc. (CTI) proposes to develop a laser communication system (LCS) with a fast tracking and scanning unit for greater than 100 Mbit/s data rate applications in a battle field environment. The novel LCS will provide for eye-safe operation with a laser engagement range up to 5 km between two vehicles traveling up to 30 mph. The tracking unit will be designed to reduce the probability of data link breakdown due to travelling on rough terrain. The approach will capitalize upon innovative scanner designs developed by CTI for military laser radar systems, and the advancing MOEMS technology. The baseline scheme is a 1.55 mm laser diode source with a MOEMS based scanner and a tracker with three different design configurations for laser tracking. For completeness, system-level performance analyses will assess the cost-effectiveness and field-worthiness of competing technologies such as Er:glass bulk lasers, optical fiber lasers, and diode lasers alone. Phase I will (1) produce system level signal-to-noise ratio assessments for 1.5 mm wavelength data link, including scintillation, fade, extinction and optical receiver noise statistics, (2) establish quantitative comparisons of the competing candidate technologies, and (3) execute risk reduction measurements to ensure technical and cost feasibility for Phase II hardware deliverables. BENEFITS: enhance troop communication effectiveness, enhance battle field awareness, eye-safe short-range vehicle collision avoidance sensors, search and rescue laser beacons, identify friend/foe |
| THESMALLWORLD.COM, INC.
885 Third Avenue, Suite 2900 New York, NY 10022 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(212) 829-5571
Christopher W. Snyder, Ph ARMY 99-016 |
| Title: | Speech Translation for Mobile Environments |
| Abstract: | Proposal for development of neural network based machine translation engines integrated seamlessly with advanced front-end speech to text modules advanced back-end speech generation modules, over a network. BENEFITS: Cross-language communications applications for use in law enforcement, clinical medicine, tourism and emergency humanitarian relief, as well as educational and business applications over the internet. |
| SPIRE CORP.
One Patriots Park Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-6000
Kurt J. Linden, Ph.D. ARMY 99-017 |
| Title: | Monolithic Multiwavelength Materials for RF Photonic Device Integration |
| Abstract: | This proposed Phase I SBIR program is aimed at developing a low-cost method for incorporation of lasers, amplifiers, waveguides, modulators, phase shifters and splitters on a single chip for use in microwave phased array antenna control and related RF signal processing functions. Specific semiconductor device designs require different material properties which normally precludes such monolithic integration. However, through innovative use of stripe-patterned selective epitaxial growth, semiconductor layers with different strain and bandgap can be simultaneously deposited on a wafer in a single epitaxial growth operation. The Phase I work consists of the design of an InGaAsP multi-quantum well (MQW) p-i-n epitaxial structure which is to be grown on InP wafers patterned with silicon nitride stripes of different widths and stripe openings. The variable-bandgap properties of the patterned, epitaxially-grown MQW p-i-n material will be measured and correlated with stripe geometry. Measurements of photoluminescence emission wavelength vs. stripe geometry will provide design data for use in Phase II monolithic device and circuit designs. Phase II will deal with the effects of epitaxial growth reactor operating conditions on patterned layer growth and demonstration of a monolithic integrated waveguide subsystem including several types of devices, with delivery of prototype materials to ARL. BENEFITS: The availability of monolithic, integrated RF optoelectronic chips will open the route towards achieving reliable and low-cost components for use in microwave phased array antenna and related microwave signal processing systems. These cost reductions occur because integration simplifies manufacturing and testing, and eliminates cumbersome fiber coupling operations. Once developed, this chip fabrication technology can be adapted to a variety of photonic devices and device combinations thereby enabling the manufacture of entirely new RF, optical computing, and WDM systems. RF photonic systems find widespread use in military avionics and for commercial aviation and communication applications. |
| MOHAWK INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
1037 Watervliet Shaker Rd Albany, NY 12205 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 862-4290
Hooshang Heshmat, Ph.D. ARMY 99-019 |
| Title: | Oil-Free Power and Propulsion Systems |
| Abstract: | The Army's need for high specific output power, durable and maintenance free turbomachinery such as Auxiliary Power Units (APU) and small gas turbine engines for helicopters, Uninhabited Air and Air Combat Vehicles (UAV/UCAV), missiles, and drones, dictates that light weight, high-speed and high-power propulsion systems be developed. Compliant foil gas bearings with the ability to operate without DN limitations of conventional bearings and high temperatures without lubricants have the potential to make significant improvements in advanced turbomachinery thrust to weight ratios and fuel efficiency. Key issues to be addressed under this program will include foil journal bearing scaling, thrust foil bearing load capacity and multiple system development cost reductions. Design requirements for a broad range of both power systems and gas turbine engines will be reviewed, design optimization tradeoff studies completed and rotor system integration analysis completed to demonstrate the feasibility of developing foil bearings suitable for a wide range of applications at reduced development costs. A universal test rig for use in Phase II will also be conceived and a preliminary design completed. BENEFITS: Potential additional applications for this enabling technology include small general aviation gas turbine engines, pipeline compressors, stationary auxiliary power units, turboexpanders, air cycle machines, and cryogenic turbopumps. The key benefit of this program will be improved foil bearing designs and the associated development tools. |
| R&D DYNAMICS CORP.
15 Barber Pond Road Bloomfield, CT 06002 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 726-1204
Dr. Giri L. Agrawal ARMY 99-019 |
| Title: | Foil Air Bearing Technology for Gas Turbine Engines |
| Abstract: | There is a great need of gas turbine engines and auxiliary power units providing improved performance, lower cost, better maintainability, and higher reliability. Foil air bearings do provide a promising choice in meeting these goals. Foil air bearings are successfully being used in air cycle machines of aircraft environmental control system. They are showing excellent reliability, maintainability and reduced cost for these machines. High temperature application of foil bearings, such as for gas turbine engines, require further research and development. A new generation of foil bearings is proposed, which is suitable for high temperature application, such as gas turbine engines. This bearing will have high load capacity and high coulomb damping even without high preload on the shaft. Low preload will result in less wear in start-stop cycles and, therefore, will provide high reliability and long life. In Phase I, the foil bearing concept suitable for high temperature application will be tested. In Phase I Option, parametric testing of the bearing will be performed. Analytical and design tools will be generated. In Phase II, an existing small gas turbine engine will be modified to be supported on foil air bearings. It will be tested for performance, vibration, shock load capacity, and reliability. BENEFITS: High temperature foil bearings will provide more efficient, quieter, less costly and environmentally acceptable propulsion and power generating systems. |
| 3TEX ENGINEERED FIBER PRODUCTS
109 MacKenan Drive Cary, NC 27511 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 481-2500
Alex Bogdanovich ARMY 99-020 |
| Title: | Innovative Processing of Multifunctioning Composite Ground Armor |
| Abstract: | Critical Army initiatives established weight reduction goals of up to 50% for armored combat systems, to improve deployment, mobility, and transportability, without sacrificing survivability, lethality, or maintainability. This presents the opportunity for a systems approach to armor design, using multifunctional materials, with light weight designs achieved through identifying and exploiting beneficial synergies between system components. This program will demonstrate an armor technology capable of reducing the weight of current ceramic composite armors used on military land vehicles by 30%, with negligible increase in system costs per area. Two unique, highly tailorable material process technologies will be examined: fiber reinforcement of patented, orthogonal 3-D weaves, and aluminum metal foam, fabricated by a patented, low cost powder metallurgy process. The proposed systems will address multifunctional requirements, including load bearing, damage tolerance, maintainability, signature reduction, and environmental resistance. Weight reduction will be achieved by grading armor properties through the system thickness to optimize performance. Failure mechanisms at various locations through the thickness, and important interfacial interactions will be considered. Understanding gained in this program can be applied to achieve greater weight savings, potentially 50%, at increased cost with higher performance raw materials. BENEFITS: The result of the proposed program is not only a multi-functional, lightweight, functionally graded 3-Weave/Metal foam armor system for defeat of specific ballistic threats, but also substantial engineering know-how related to use of these novel materials in lightweight ballistic applications. This know-how can be applied to reach the severe weight goals of the Army's new vehicles such as the Crusader self propelled gun system and resupply vehicle, the Future Scout Vehicle, or the Future Fighting Vehicle, and even the lighter weight tanks. The combination of weight and cost should also make it a candidate for the nearer term weight reduction or performance improvements in vehicles such as the XM11115 HMMWV. The armor system validated in the proposed program should have immediate use as an applique armor on currently fielded military vehicles such as armored personnel carriers, fighting vehicles, armored gun systems, and some troop transport vehicles. The engineering know-how developed in the proposed program can also be used to apply the functionally graded 3WeaveT/Metal Foam armors to a broad spectrum of light weight, durable, multi-functional cost sensitive armor applications including; aircraft armor, such as in cargo aircraft which are less weight sensitive and more cost sensitive than in helicopter applications, gun shields on ships and patrol boats, rolling barriers and shields for law enforcement or VIP protection. 3WeaveT/Metal Foam armor is a multi-functional system possessing exceptional strength and stiffness to weight characteristics, excellent energy absorption, thermal management capabilities, fire resistance, and vibration and dampening. |
| MATERIALS SCIENCES CORP.
500 Office Center Drive, Suite 250 Fort Washington, PA 19034 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 542-8400
Chian-Fong Yen, Ph.D. ARMY 99-020 |
| Title: | Innovative Processing of Multifunctional Composite Armor for Ground Vehicles (P0G01-927) |
| Abstract: | Multifunctional armor systems have shown great promise for use in Army combat systems requiring ballistic, blast, electromagnetic and fire protection. The application of these multi-layered composite systems would benefit from accurate and verified predictive design tools to optimize material performance at minimum cost. The purpose of the proposed Phase I SBIR program will be to develop and demonstrate an integrated design and processing procedure for fabrication of various multifunctional armor systems that provide improvements in cost, weight, damage tolerance, and repairability. Materials Sciences Corporation will team with the University of Delaware - Center of Composite Materials (UD-CCM) to create such an integrated cost-effective procedure for design, development and fabrication of multifunctional armors. This team possesses a thorough knowledge of the state-of-the-art in composite mechanics, material processing and fabrication technology. This program will establish an efficient analysis methodology to perform ballistic/blast dynamic analysis to evaluate and design potential armor systems to promote high ballistic/blast resistance and structural efficiency. The pre-manufacturing analysis will provide guidelines for enhancement of an innovative resin transfer molding process currently under developing at UD-CCM. A series of ballistic target plates will be designed, fabricated and tested for concept verification. BENEFITS: This research will provide an integrated procedure for designing and fabricating armor system with a variety of protection levels for the ballistics/blast armor market. Applications will include both military and civil markets. The military market includes armored ground combat vehicles, surface ships, aircraft, and shelters. The civil market includes armored security vehicles, blast resistant cargo containers, blast barriers for infrastructure, and personnel armors. |
| SOLECTERIA CORP.
33 Industrial Way Wilmington, MA 01887 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 658-2231
Vasilos Brachos ARMY 99-020 |
| Title: | Performing of Composite Armor for Ground vehicles Usng Heat Activated Binder Systems |
| Abstract: | One of the remaining barriers to the wide acceptance and implementation composites in structural applications is the high cost associated with the manufacturing of structural composite parts. Preform assembly, as it is currently done, is the single most costly step in the fabrication of fiber-reinforced polymer composites. Current techniques of assembling preforms for most liquid resin infusion processes involve the hand lay-up of individual fiber plies in a molding tool. An inexpensive and effective means to connect a large number of individual fiber plies so that the desired preform shape is achieved has been developed and demonstrated by Solectria Corporation. The objective of this effort is to investigate and evaluate the performance of preforms created by using this preforming technology with respect to composite armor requirements. Aspects of the binder behavior that will be investigated include: 1) The mechanism in which the binder interacts with the type of glass used in composite armors. 2) The compatability between the binder and the fiber sizing and 3) The effects of binder chemistry, particle size and concentration on the properties of the stabilized preform and molded parts. BENEFITS: The project will result in a preforming technology package capable of producing preforms for market such as: 1) Add-on composite armor packages for fielded systems, 2) body armor products, 3) the Crusader program, 4) the Future Scout vehicle and 5) other automotive products for the army. |
| ADVANCED CERAMICS RESEARCH, INC.
3292 E. Hemisphere Loop Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 434-6392
Ranji Vaidyanathan, Ph. D ARMY 99-021 |
| Title: | Solid Freeform Fabrication of low cost, in situ, metallic foam components for high energy absorption applications |
| Abstract: | Advanced Ceramics Research Inc. (ACR) has developed solid freeform fabrication (SFF) techniques for polymers, ceramics, metals, and composites. Recently, ACR developed a unique water-soluble polymer blend as a support material for rapid-prototyping applications. This product, Aquaport-2000 won an R&D 100 Award for 1998. In this material, the minor-phase polymer blend became oriented in a direction parallel to extrusion, resulting in high aspect ratio fibrils ~ 15-30 m size. In addition, when heated above 200C, the major phase was found to foam. ACR proposes to use this product as a binder system and freeform fabricate metallic foams. During burnout of the binder material, (1) the thermoplastic fibrils will create directionally oriented high aspect ratio cells, and (2) the foaming agent will create open cells. This will produce a low cost, in situ, metallic foam with oriented microstructures. Since the extrusion is coupled with a freeform fabrication technique, the proposed technique can potentially yield geometrically complex metallic foam components directly from CAD designs. In this program, ACR will collaborate with Northrop-Grumman and South West Research Institute to develop guidelines and procedures for optimizing the performance of metallic foams and provide a preliminary cost/economic analysis for prototype components. BENEFITS: The commercial market for high energy-absorbing metallic foam structural components would be large and immediate. The market is just starting out and will have many applications in the DoD and commercial sectors. One such application would be for automotive bumpers that can absorb impacts. A conservative estimate puts the market for energy absorbers in automotive bumpers at 14 million per year. At a price of 20-40 dollars per bumper, the market for this product alone would be 280-560 million dollars per year. The application of aluminum foam components alone would be in the areas of heat sinks for electronic components, heat exchangers, heat shielding for aircraft exhaust, energy absorber for shaped charges, battery plates and spacers, aircraft wing structures, fuel tank baffles, silencer for jet engine intakes, aircraft armor for fragmentation capture and absorption, ablative sealing for compressor/turbine blades, to name a few. Therefore, successful development of a rapid prototyping technique for metallic foam components would be of great economic benefit to ACR. This is one area where the results from the proposed Phase I effort would have an immediate impact. |
| MER CORP.
7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 574-1980
Dr. Lev Tuchinskiy ARMY 99-021 |
| Title: | Novel Technology for High Energy-Absorbing Metallic Foams and Structural Components |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR program addresses the need for affordable lightweight metallic foams and structural components subjected to dynamic loading. Its goal is to demonstrate the proof of innovative fabrication process for steel foams and to optimize their dynamic mechanical properties. The fabrication method can be applied to the industrial production of lightweight sandwich structures, foam filled tubes and complex shape components. The method may be used for production of foams and structural components from any metal, ceramic, intermetallic or composite. The technology includes co-extrusion, compaction and heat treatment of two materials, one of which is removed during the heat treatment leaving formed-in-place open channel-shape cells. Relative density in the range from 5% to 100% of the fully dense solid can be obtained. The process has the potential for making inexpensive and integrally stiffened structures. Using steel foams makes possible reduced weight, enhanced thermal, mechanic and acoustic properties, impact and blast resistance, fire retardation, buoyancy, and strain isolation. BENEFITS: Metal foams may be used for many DOD applications, such as tactical shelter panels, aircraft carrier elevator panels, rapid deployment pallets, cabin interiors, acoustic panels, unsinkable life rafts, docks, etc. commercial application includes lightweight metal sandwich panels for vehicle energy absorbing components and automotive interiors. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 Turnpike Road Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Chaolin Hu, Ph.D. ARMY 99-021 |
| Title: | Direct Fabrication of Nano-Reinforced Metallic Foams |
| Abstract: | Triton Systems Inc. proposes an innovative single step method for fabricating low density, high performance, in-situ nano metal matrix composite (MMC) structural foam materials to net-shape. Triton Systems is teamed with Laser Fare on the proposed effort to enhance a novel solid freeform fabrication process known as Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) technology to produce nano TMC foam structural materials. The proposed program will take advantage of Triton's recent advancements in laser processing TMC's, which have shown significant property enhancements compared with monolithic metals and alloys, to further improve the specific properties of the foam structure. The proposed technology will enable net shape manufacture of foam structures in a single fabrication step and allow the structure to be engineered (as opposed to the random nature of current metallic foams) to take maximum advantage of the material for a given application. The proposed material and process technology will enable the design and manufacture of structural foam parts to be optimized for a given application (in terms of weight, strength, energy absorption, etc.) and decrease cost by eliminating expensive tooling. BENEFITS: The proposed materials and process technology will enable the affordable manufacture of high performance engineered structural foams designed for specific applications. Potential applications include energy absorbing components such as armor for the military and automobile bumpers for civilian use and high temperature combustion engine components. |
| NZ APPLIED TECHNOLOGY
14A Gill Street Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 935-2030
Hua Jiang ARMY 99-022 |
| Title: | A Novel Low Loss Electrical and Magnetic Dual-tuning Microwave Structure |
| Abstract: | The rapid expansion in the use of microwave communications has created a need for dramatically improved microwave devices. In adaptive microwave electronics, it is important and critical to tune the electrical characteristics of a microwave signal. Ferroelectrics and ferrites are the materials of choice providing the electrical and magnetic tunability for adaptive microwave devices, respectively. Individually, however, such tunability is based on the tradeoff of impedance mismatch. Any field induced dielectric constant or permeability change of the device will result in a deviation from the designed device impedance. The bigger the tunability, the greater the deviation of the impedance. An electrical and magnetic dual-tuning microwave device has the advantage of achieving frequency or phase tunability while keeping the impedance of the device unchanged. NZ Applied Technologies (NZAT) proposes to develop innovative dual-tuning microwave structures for adaptive microwave applications. An innovative metal-organic chemical liquid deposition will be utilized to grow low loss ferroelectric and ferrite films. By using our approach, the major source of dielectric loss caused by internal stress due to a lattice mismatch will be minimized. The dual-tuning structures developed in this program will lead to a new generation of microwave devices tuned either electrically or magnetically or both. BENEFITS: Success in the Phase I effort will lead to the commercial fabrication of a new generation of tunable microwave devices. These advanced devices will have great applications in military, space, industrial, and consumer sectors. Examples are tunable phase shifters, tunable filters, and tunable beam scan antennas. |
| METROLASER, INC.
18010 Skypark Circle, Suite 100 Irvine, CA 92614 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 553-0688
Cecil F. Hess, Ph.D. ARMY 99-023 |
| Title: | Planar image particle analyzer for whole field spray applications |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a whole field measurement technique that is capable of simultaneously sizing multiple transparent droplets on a plane from scattered light features that are independent of laser beam intensity and obscuration. Light scattered by reflection and refraction from droplets immersed in a laser sheet is recorded holographically to yield the smallest possible probe volume and correspondingly largest number density. Preliminary measurements demonstrate the ability to measure droplet concentrations from optically thin conditions to concentrations in excess of 10E5/cc. The size and position of each droplet will be measured on a plane formed by a pulsed laser. In regions of excessive droplet concentration resulting in clusters of overlapping images, the technique will report the number of droplets in each cluster. This will preclude a deficit in the mass flux calculation from unknown data rejection. A program consisting of modeling and proof-of-concept experiments is proposed for the Phase I effort. BENEFITS: The proposed system will measure the size distribution of droplets in a plane of a spray. This measurement capability will expand current point measurement techniques like PDPA in the same way that Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) expands the capability of laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV). That is, the technique represents a logical and much needed evolutionary step in two-phase flow diagnostics. We anticipate developing a technique with large commercial potential given the demand for instantaneous planar measurements. |
| NOMADICS, INC.
1730 Cimarron Plaza, PO Box 2496 Stillwater, OK 74076 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(405) 372-9535
Dennis Reust ARMY 99-024 |
| Title: | Adaptable Platforms for Application Specific Chemometric Spectroscopy |
| Abstract: | Nomadics proposes to integrate a couple of leading edge technologies currently in use in other company products to develop a fluorescence-based sensor platform that will be highly adaptable in the detection of volatile compounds, such as organophosphates. Using a conjugated polymer developed by MIT and a blue/violet laser source, the platform can be specifically tailored to perform chemometric spectroscopy for a variety of substances. The system is based on highly portable technologies that make the system particularly useful for field applications. The system provides very high sensitivity and relatively low cost. BENEFITS: The proposed sensor platform will be particularly useful in the detection of vapor-phase compounds, including chemical and biological agents and volatile environmental contaminants, such as fuels, solvents, and toxic gases. The portability, sensitivity, and real-time response of the system make it specifically suitable for detecting low concentrations of target substances in the field. These applications include both defense and environmental uses. |
| SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS CO., INC.
500 West Cummings Park, Suite 3000 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-5355
Raman Mehra / B. Ravichan ARMY 99-025 |
| Title: | Automatic Target Recognition Using Perceptual Organization |
| Abstract: | Perceptual Organization refers to the ability of a machine vision system to organize detected features, or primitives, in images based on, for instance, Gestaltic criteria. Since some of the original work, which showed that even simple organizations, such as parallel lines and rectangles, can drastically prune the recognition search tree, there have been a number of contributions that demonstrate the importance of perceptual organization for various vision tasks such as object recognition, stereo, motion, image databases, building detection and change detection. This work proposes to develop an ATR architecture based on Perceptual Organization. This architecture, which is built on a Perceptual Inference Network, provides a framework for effectively dealing with ambiguities and the uncertainties and is able to prevent the subsequent secondary errors and artifacts from proliferating along the processing chain. This is because, ATR based on Perceptual Organization is not a feed forward process. Rather, if the subsequent processing affects earlier probability estimates, the process is able to return to these earlier steps in order to update these estimates. Integration of bottom-up processing with top-down feedback loops is crucial to obtain high performance ATR. Likewise, it is important to explicitly represent ambiguities and uncertainties arising from local processing until global inforrmation intervenes to resolve them. The Phase I will demonstrate the use of this new ATR algorithm to recognize an object such as a tank from both visible and infrared wavelengths. The Phase II will continue this development and demonstrate the ability to recognize whether any of several objects are present in a scene where the object may be partially occluded and present in various poses, the lighting on the object may be of varying intensity, and the entire image may be distorted by clutter. This demonstration will be tied to an Army testbed or platform. BENEFITS: The development of the above core technologies in ATR will serve as a foundation for Phase III commercialization. Commercial application of this technology exist in several areas such as: medical screening and diagnosis, remote sensing, road and bridge inspection, and buried waste detection. |
| MATHSOFT, INC.
1700 Westlake Ave No., Suite 500 Seattle, WA 98109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 283-8802
Jill Goldschneider ARMY 99-026 |
| Title: | PDE Software for Digital Image Management |
| Abstract: | The DoD collects large amounts of digital imagery from diverse sources such as hospital radiology departments, satellites, and unmanned surveillance vehicles. To systematically analyze these data, one must be able to denoise, segment, annotate, store, transmit, index, screen, and retrieve images in a consistent and easy-to-use environment. All of these tasks rely on image processing techniques to extract information from the raw imagery. Traditional image enhancement and segmentation techniques take a global view of the image, processing the entire image without considering local variations. Multiscale image processing techniques based on curvature-driven flows overcome many of the problems of traditional processing methods, especially for image enhancement and segmentation, since these techniques focus on features of the data that are found at different scales and resolutions. We propose to develop image enhancement, segmentation, motion estimation, and object tracking methods using curvature-based flow-driven nonlinear partial differential equation imaging models and algorithms, including total variation, level-set, and active contour techniques. We will demonstrate the feasibility of these techniques on specific applications in medical and tactical imaging, or to Army sponsor-directed imaging applications. This technology will improve the ability to analyze, index, and search digital imagery. BENEFITS: This research will lead to a software system for the processing, analysis and interpretation of digital image sequences using curvature-based flow-driven techniques including total variation, level-set, and PDE-based image techniques. The system will be demonstrated on medical imagery and on Army-sponsor supplied (tactical and/or medical) data. For DoD applications, this system will be valuable for medical and tactical image database management, medical clinical studies, target acquisition, and battlefield damage assessment. Commercial applications include medical imaging, and image and video database indexing, archiving, and retrieval. |
| REACTION ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL
77 West 200 South, Suite 210 Salt Lake City, UT 84101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 364-6925
Michael P. Heap ARMY 99-027 |
| Title: | Engineering Design Software for Military Incinerators |
| Abstract: | The U.S. Army has been directed by Congress to dispose of its stockpile of chemical weapons and chemical agents. Incineration was selected by the Army as the preferred technology for stockpile disposal. Validated computer models for chemical agent incineration can provide the basis for more efficient and cost-effective designs, and confirm that the incineration operation does not negatively impact public health or the environment. The ultimate product from this research program will be an "Engineering Design Workbench" (EDW) for military incinerators. The workbench will: 1. Contain tools to allow the rational engineering design of optimized, economical incinerators for military use. 2. Define optimum operating conditions, destruction efficiency as a function of throughput, reactor configuration, product species and concentrations, capital and operating costs and energy needs. 3. Provide information about potential onset of reactor upsets and enable diagnosis of failures. 4. Simulate both military and commercial sector incinerators. The tools will be based on state-of-the-art process modules that will include the detailed chemistry and physics required to achieve these product specifications. The EDW will be pc based, user friendly and allow for a wide degree of customization concerning incinerator configuration, materials to be treated and the output visualization. BENEFITS: The proposed model will provide a means of quantifying emissions for different failure scenarios and regulatory assurance of safe plant operation. It will extend the incinerator trial burn data to predict emissions under routine (within required permit operating conditions) and upset operating conditions to increase public and regulatory confidence in the technology. The model will assist in regulatory negotiations, and guide trial burns. The simulation technology developed in this project will have widespread application in nonmilitary and commercial incineration of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. |
| DYNASEN, INC.
20 Arnold Pl. Goleta, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 964-4410
Jacques A. Charest ARMY 99-028 |
| Title: | Sensor System for In-situ 3D Soil Stress Analysis |
| Abstract: | A field portable monitoring system is proposed that will provide ARO with the capability to measure the 3-D in-situ state of stress in soils which results from vehicle element's terrain interaction. The system will comprise a compact 3-D stress sensing package that is connected via a rugged flexible cable assembly to a field-portable controls/ excitation-and-amplification source and to an integrated data acquisition / Lap Top PC arrangement. The approach to stress measurements will consist in using three solid- or fluid-coupled high-output thin-film piezoresistive Carbon stress gauges that are orthogonal-mounted on the faces a suitable solid substrate block or behind its faces at the bottom of small fluid cavities. The 3-D sensing package will be integrally attached to a short rigid stem that extends into a set of armored and flexible output leads. Such arrangement can be made very small ( one cubic centimeter ) or as large as needed to meet the requirements. The Carbon stress gauge is capable of resolving stresses as low as a few PSI up 15,000 PSI or above in dynamic or static environments. Relying on nearly thirty years of experience in designing and manufacturing numerous types of soil stress sensors for UGT and AGT applications in support to nearly all US DOE and DOD Laboratories, the proposed system will be constructed and fully evaluated, and rendered functional at our test facility under simulated but representative stress environments prior to its delivery to the Army. Coupling to soil and methods for minimizing ground disturbance will also be investigated. A very degree of success is anticipated from this effort. BENEFITS: To allow researchers to model vehicle element interaction with soils. Earth Quake measurements and mining industry applications. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
655 Aspen Ridge Drive Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Stephen M. Hannon ARMY 99-029 |
| Title: | Doppler Lidar DIAL/DISC Sensor for Plume Detection and Mapping |
| Abstract: | The proposed Phase I/II program develops a unique meteorological sensor to provide a capability for volumetric range-resolved wind velocity and aerosol and tracer gas concentration to ranges of several kilometers. The proposed novel sensor is based on existing CTI-developed commercial off the shelf 2-micron pulsed coherent Doppler lidar hardware that is critically augmented with an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) to enable tunable mid-wave infrared operation for multi-color lidar aerosol characterization as well as differential absorption lidar measurement of tracer gas concentration. The Phase I program will conduct system performance trades to establish sensitivity and spatial and temporal resolution capability for various system configurations. Propylene sensitivity will be quantified relative to the scan strategy, system pulse rate and wavelength diversity. Transmitter design trades will be conducted to verify the baseline optical (OPO) material will meet the conversion efficiency, wavelength tuning and stability requirements. A preliminary design is then developed and technical risk areas and associated mitigation strategies are identified. In the Phase I Option, limited laboratory demonstrations/evaluations will be conducted using available hardware. The subsequent Phase II program will finalize the design, modify an existing (Army Research Office owned) transceiver and conduct field demonstration measurements at a designated government facility. BENEFITS: Potential applications include tactical surveillance for chem/bio defense, battle field smoke and cloud transport and structure model development and validation, fenceline monitoring of industrial facilities, turbulence statistics and turbulent transport modeling for meteorological research, and airport terminal area met state surveillance. |
| MONTEREY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
24600 Silver Cloud Ct., Suite 103 Monterey, CA 93940 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 354-3149
Dr. Patricia A. Lakinsmit ARMY 99-030 |
| Title: | Full Mission Simulation Evaluation and Risk Reduction |
| Abstract: | Full mission simulation (FMS) of complex systems using human operators and high fidelity equipment prototypes can reduce development and acquisition risk. However, too many research, development and acquisition efforts make large FMS investments and achieve inconclusive results. In hindsight, the reasons for failure are often readily apparent. Information on past FMS successes and failures must be used constructively to see that the Army gets its money's worth in future FMS tests. In the Phase I, MTI, expert in success with FMS, will gather information on past FMS exercises and analyze it conceptually and quantitatively to identify chief contributors to FMS success and failure. MTI will develop a weighted set of predictor metrics for FMS outcomes and demonstrate a prototype software tool for FMS planners. MTI will also develop a companion handbook of FMS guidelines. During Phase II, the predictor metrics and guidelines will be validated with data collected in a Battle Lab war fighting experiment. Based on the results, MTI will modify the predictor metrics and incorporate them in a software tool to help FMS planners assess risk and adjust plans to insure maximum FMS payoff. The software tool will be demonstrated at the end of Phase II. BENEFITS: The ready customers for the FMS-Evaluation and Risk Reduction (FERR) system are the Army Battle Laboratories and other DoD components that develop human-in-the-loop simulations. The FERR can be adapted for use in civil simulation settings such as flight training, police and fire fighting command post tests and exercises, and urban traffic management center exercises. |
| ILLGEN SIMULATION TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
130 Robin Hill Road, Suite 200 Goleta, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 692-2333
Tom Strelich ARMY 99-032 |
| Title: | Distributed Collaborative Environment for Simulation-Based Design and Acquisition |
| Abstract: | The introduction of Sun's Jini technology and its innovative concept of spontaneous, "just-in-time" federations of services will fundamentally change the way software-intensive systems are developed, deployed, and utilized since it represents the next logical step in the progression and fusion of distributed component architectures with network technology. Jini's "federation of services" concept is consistent with the DMSO High Level Architecture's concept of federations and provides the additional advantage of widespread commercial acceptance and adoption. The symbiotic combination of Jini and HLA technologies represents a tremendous opportunity: Force XXI mission context modeling and simulation benefits from the application of advanced commercial-sector distributed component integration technologies, and the commercial-sector benefits from the application of high-fidelity formal semantics and runtime dynamics provided by HLA interoperation technologies. The overall objective of this effort is to design a Collaborative Environment based on the cooperative application of Jini and HLA technologies for the integration and interoperation of distributed simulators, simulations, models, tools, and databases supporting Force XXI mission context materiel development and evaluation. BENEFITS: A Jini/HLA Collaborative Environment has extraordinary dual-use potential: In addition to its tremendous value to Simulation-based Acquisition (SBA) and design, the Collaborative Environment is of potentially greater value in the commercial sector where it is ideally suited to the integration of enterprise-class applications and databases, an expanding $1 Billion market. |
| SPECTRA RESEARCH, INC.
3085 Woodman Drive, Suite 200 Dayton, OH 45420 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 299-5999
Glen L. Harris ARMY 99-032 |
| Title: | AMC Collaborative Engineering Federation (ACEF) |
| Abstract: | Simulation-Based Acquisition (SBA) is a DoD initiative to reduce the system acquisition development cycle by 50% and reduce total ownership costs. In order to implement SBA, the Army Material Command (AMC) needs to link the modeling and simulation (M&S) facilities within the various Research, Development, and Engineering Centers (RDECs) with and HLA-based engineering federation. Development of this federation will require implementation of a collaborative system framework that can support all aspects of developing and executing HLA-based federations. Spectra Research, Inc. (S*R) proposes to define an AMC Collaborative Engineering Federation (ACEF) and a baseline HLA-based engineering federation during Phase I. The S*R approach will build on the HLA FederateConnect toolset and work S*R is already doing to integrate these tools in collaborative environments. Federate Connect is under development for STRICOM to map the source code of a simulation to an HLA object model, build a Simulation Object Model, and generate a HLA compliant federate that incorporates middleware to connect to the HLA Run-time Infrastructure. In Phase II, the proposed ACEF will integrate these baseline capabilities with existing AMC resources to provide the ACEF System Framework. The ACEF System Framework will then be applied to implement a baseline engineering federation. BENEFITS: The ACEF will significantly reduce the time span and cost to bring dissimilar engineering and scenario generation models and simulators into HLA federations. This will save DoD funds to build better and more flexible federations and speedup implementation of SBA. The Phase II program will mature and expand the FederateConnect capability, which is now supported by elements of all three services. An AMC-wide engineering federation can be developed faster and at less cost through application of the matured tools through Phase III or follow-on projects. |
| AEROMECHANICS, LLC
4195 Sugar Mill Drive Duluth, GA 30096 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 476-9347
Clin M. Wang ARMY 99-033 |
| Title: | Aerodynamic Tool for Advanced Rotor Design and Flow Control |
| Abstract: | In this research program, a novel approach for aerodynamic analysis - the boundary-vorticity-flux (BVF) procedure - will be fully developed and consolidated with numerical Navier-Stokes flow-solvers to create a new aerodynamic design tool for rotors, with and without flow controls. This tool will be used in studies of rotor-blade design in the absence of flow control and in evaluations of passive and active flow control methods. In Phase I of this program, the BVF procedure will be fully developed for the airfoil problem. The effectiveness of the BVF procedure will be demonstrated through in-depth studies of the problem of optimal design of airfoils, the use of multi-element airfoil in flow control, the adaptive control of dynamic stall by tangential surface injection, and the control of effects of airfoil-vortex interaction through adaptive deformation of the airfoil shape. In Phase I Option of this program, experiments will be planned for the validation of BVF-based theoretical results. Navier-Stokes flow-solvers for rotors will be evaluated. A BVF-based design procedure will be developed for rotors. BENEFITS: This research program will directly benefit the rotorcraft industry. The aerodynamics design tool created under the program will fulfill a compelling need within the rotorcraft community and will contribute significantly to the design of the next generation rotorcraft. This tool is also important to the fixed-wing aircraft industry, offering potential for substantial improvements in the design of flow-control devices for lift augmentation and high maneuverability |
| ANACAPA SCIENCES, INC.
301 East Carrillo Street 2FL Santa Barbara, CA 93101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 966-6157
Steven P. Rogers ARMY 99-034 |
| Title: | Enhanced Symbology for Wide Field-of-View Helmet-mounted Displays |
| Abstract: | The primary objectives of the proposed project are to (a) improve the Army aviator's ability to perform night missions by developing innovative symbols that capitalize on the advantages of new wide field of view(WFOV) helmet-mounted displays (HMDs); (b) determine the best content, location, format, and behavior of these new symbols; and (c) implement fully functional symbology sets in a simulator suitable for part-task and mission-oriented testing. To meet these objectives we will: (1) Identify the relevant characteristics of forthcoming WFOV HMD technology, their relationship to the human visual system, and their advantages in performing mission tasks; (2) Identify the elements of information that, if presented on the HMD, would potentially reduce the pilot's workload and improve his situation awareness and task performance; (3) Employ research-based recommendations for symbol location, format, and behavior in order to guide the symbology development team through the symbol creation process; (4) Dynamically prototype the resulting symbology on PRISMS, a sophisticated helicopter flight simulator with a new WFOV HMD, assess pilot performance, and obtain pilot judgments of symbol utility; and (5) Produce a comprehensive plan for Phase II work, which will include identifying additional information elements, creating innovative symbols, and performing experimental evaluations of all of the new symbols. BENEFITS: The new WFOV symbology will improve the pilot's situation awareness, target acquisition, and movement through the environment as well as presenting critical information in an easily-understood manner. The commercial applications include (a) portable, rapidly reconfigurable HMD symbology training systems for Army training centers and operational units, and (b) private sector HMD systems using symbology to identify airspace control zones, restricted areas, approved corridors, airport traffic areas, and other "invisible," but critical limits to fixed-wing or rotary-wing flight. |
| ELTRON RESEARCH, INC.
5660 Airport Boulevard, Suite 105 Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 440-8008
Michael T. Carter ARMY 99-035 |
| Title: | Fiber Optic Sensor for Unexploded Ordnance |
| Abstract: | The proposed program will address detection of buried unexploded ordnance by a fiber optic sensing strategy. An infrared-transmitting optical fiber will be modified with a new layer which promotes concentration of trace gaseous signatures of common explosives, including decomposition products. The sensor will operate in an evanescent wave mode in which radiation propagating down the fiber core interacts with signature compounds within the polymer layer at the core-cladding interface. Monitoring infrared wavelengths which are characteristic of the signatures will provide identification and quantitation of the ordnance. BENEFITS: Battlefield and humanitarian demining will benefit from a low-cost, high accuracy method of buried ordnance detection which is lightweight and highly portable. Such sensor platforms, based on a common fiber optic sensing methodology, will find civilian uses in environmental remediation and on-site monitoring. |
| FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY, INC.
6785 Hollister Avenue Goleta, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 429-3704
Gary Key ARMY 99-036 |
| Title: | Surface and Buried Mine Detection with Variance Based Multispectral Data Fusion |
| Abstract: | The detection of surface or buried landmines is complicated by effects of occlusion due to overlying vegetation and confusion of the mine spectral response due to overlying obscurants. Such effects often cause mine detection systems that are strictly model-based to fail in field practice due to brittleness result-ing from lack of input coverage. Frontier Technology and University of Florida propose to ex-ploit successful DoD-sponsored research and development of algo-rithms and software for land and sea mine detection (DARPA, AFRL, USMC/SMDG, COBRA, and Magic Lantern programs) to develop an enhanced mine detection system. The proposed system would detect statistical differences between spectral bands in a mul-tispectral or hyperspectral image, as well as spatial variance of intensity within- and between-band. This approach features a bank of computationally efficient ATR filters whose outputs are combined by an efficient data fusion module into an estimate of target probability at a given location and, where possible, an estimate of target identity. FTI proposes to combine proven algorithms within it's Tabular Nearest Neighbor Encoding paradigm that has been highly success-ful in detecting small targets imagery and other signatures to produce a landmine ATR system with improved Pd and Rfa, useful in a wide variety of military and commercial applications. BENEFITS: Sensor hardware and processing configurations will undergo demonstration and testing in a realistic field environment. The Army can provide test sites that meet typical testing and data collection needs that include field emplacement of realistic targets. Techniques developed under this topic are applicable to both military countermine needs as well as humanitarian demining needs. The commercial aspects of humanitarian demining are considerable. Other applications include detection of buried pipes (utility industry), buried caches, and archeological expeditions. |
| METROLASER, INC.
18010 Skypark Circle, Suite 100 Irvine, CA 92614 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 553-0688
De Yu Zang, Ph.D. ARMY 99-036 |
| Title: | Rapid Laser Scanner for Whole Field Vibration Analysis of Ground Motion |
| Abstract: | Scientists at the University of Mississippi have demonstrated that acoustic signatures coupled from the air into the ground produce distinct vibration patterns that can clearly identify the presence of buried landmines. They presently use an off-the-shelf scanning laser vibrometer to interrogate the ground motion. The purpose of this proposed research program is to develop a much faster vibration measurement system to expedite data acquisition. The proposed system is based on a combination of a novel scanning method and data processing algorithm using our newly developed laser vibrometer. We estimate that the data acquisition time will be between a few seconds and a fraction of a second per square meter depending on system architecture. This represents an increase in speed of approximately 20 to 100 times over the commercial systems. During Phase I we will model the whole-field laser vibrometer system and perform a series of feasibility experimental studies on sandboxes and other conditions that emulate real mine fields. We anticipate developing and fielding a system during Phase II. BENEFITS: A system to remotely identify the presence of buried landmines will be a major contribution to humanity. The proposed system is anticipated to be fast, accurate, and cost effective. Its commercial potential will be largely driven by the need to locate the many millions of landmines that have been buried worldwide. Other commercial applications include modal vibration measurements in the automobile and aerospace industries. |
| PLANNING SYSTEMS, INC.
7923 Jones Branch Drive McLean, VA 22102 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(504) 649-0450
Dr. Marshall Bradley ARMY 99-036 |
| Title: | Landmine Detection |
| Abstract: | Planning Systems Incorporated has developed a Ground Penetrating Synthetic Aperture Radar (GPSAR) system for buried antitank mine detection. The system is currently designed to detect shallowly buried metallic and non-metallic mines located beneath the radar. The GPSAR differs from the other ground penetrating radars in several aspects. It uses coherent, synthetic aperture processing and nearfield beamforming to form volumetric images of buried objects. It also uses a clutter rejection technique which is effective in reducing ground bounce clutter. Initial tests with the GPSAR system indicate that it can detect both metallic and non-metallic antitank mines. We propose to adapt the GPSAR so that it can achieve a standoff detection capability against low metallic antitank mines such as the M19, TMA-4, VS2.2 and TM62P. These adaptations involve elevating and rotating the GPSAR antenna and developing improved signal processing techniques which fully exploit the multiple target looks afforded by a standoff detection, stepped frequency GPR. The effects of clutter will be minimized by using 3D-SAR beamforming which focuses on voxels small in relation to the size of a mine. The modified GPSAR will be used in an experimental investigation of the detectability of plastic antitank mines. BENEFITS: The successful development of the proposed technology will provide the physical basis for an improved and safer vehicular mounted mine detection system. The proposed system also has application in buried utility detection, unexploded ordnance detection and archeological prospecting. |
| MYKOTRONX, INC.
357 Van Ness Way, Suite 200 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 533-8100
Mike Furusawa ARMY 99-038 |
| Title: | Low-cost Ethernet Encryption |
| Abstract: | Government agencies and corporations have quickly deployed packet-based networks as a primary means of communications and electronic information exchange. Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) is the pervasive network protocol standard for Local Area Network (LAN) technology. Currently, the most widely used LAN technology is the 10-Mbps Ethernet twisted pair (10 Base-T), however, the 100-Mbps Fast Ethernet (100 Base-X) has emerged as the dominant technology. Traditional high grade cryptographic equipment provides point-to-point data en/decryption capabilities but are not well suited to protect packet-based, network-centric information. The U.S Army has recognized this deficiency and Mykotronx, Inc. is in a strong position to provide a complete, low cost, National Security Agency (NSA) compliant solution. Our proposal describes an approach for developing a flexible, secure, Layer 2 Ethernet Encryptor that is based on two NSA approved, cryptographic Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) developed by Mykotronx: the CAPSTONE (MYK-82) and KRYPTON. We propose an architecture that will allow use of either CAPSTONE for commercial and medium assurance Government applications or K RYPTON for high grade, classified data applications. Both implementations provide Layer 2 protection in an in-line Ethernet encryption device configuration that can be quickly setup to protect any commercial Ethernet network. BENEFITS: The Layer 2 Ethernet Encryptor will have the following benefits: 1) Total protection of Ethernet information from rogue attackers on the LAN (via Ethernet network sniffing or RF sniffing), 2) Easy and quick installation on existing commercial Ethernet networks, 3) Physical security protection of stand-alone unit, 4) Simple keying with EKMS compatibility for Type 1 version, Commercial applications include the following: 1) Corporate sensitive information/data protection 2) Intellectual Property transmission protection (such as digital distribution of music/movies, etc.), 3) VPN on dedicated bandwidth but sharing common transmission facility (such as commercial satellites, long distance carriers, etc.), 4) Protection of monetary information. |
| TRIDENT SYSTEMS, INC.
10201 Lee Highway Suite 300 Fairfax, VA 22030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 359-6226
Scott Thomas ARMY 99-039 |
| Title: | Wireless Reliable Multicast (WiRM) |
| Abstract: | Communication and wireless network technology has advanced to the state where portable computing devices have proliferated to enable ubiquitous computing. Similarly, Internet and collaboration technologies have grown tremendously. There remain significant obstacles, however, to integrate wireless and Internet/collaboration technologies. In particular, most modern wireless networks do not provide adequate support for multicast communication. Many military applications require reliable multicast transmission to properly and efficiently operate. In particular, the recent initiative of a Common Operational Picture (COP), which seeks to provide fused information to the warfighter, has numerous functions requiring this capability. Trident proposes to design a Wireless Reliable Multicast (WiRM) protocol based on active network technology, utilizing soft-state protocol techniques. In order to maximize information systems integration and interoperability, while concurrently increasing the system platform effectiveness, a reliable multicast framework (RMF) will be utilized. Since no single reliable multicast protocol is a panacea for all applications, the RMF enables applications to utilize the most appropriate protocol that satisfies its requirements. New application-specific and/or network-specific multicast protocols may be easily integrated and incrementally deployed through existing systems. BENEFITS: A reliable multicast protocol will provide guaranteed and efficient dissemination of critical information to many users simultaneously. The proposed protocol will be able to scale to large numbers of receivers. Moreover, the ability to operate over wireless networks will allow users to leverage Internet and collaboration technologies on mobile computing devices, e.g. laptop computers. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC.
725 Concord Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Karen A. Harper ARMY 99-040 |
| Title: | Situationally Intelligent Battlefield Display (SINBAD) |
| Abstract: | Information dominance is a key tenet of military doctrine. Achieving information dominance requires integrating vast numbers of sensors and having commanders efficiently interpret the data to make real-time decisions in high-stress situations. However, due to the sheer numbers of data, it is often difficult to make rapid and effective use of the information. Current displays of the Common Tactical Picture are overwhelming and do not incorporate any means for the automatic placement of icons, graphics, and labels for the purpose of context sensitive situational understanding. We propose to demonstrate the feasibility of developing an advanced situation-adaptive tactical display for the digital battlefield. This display will incorporate two key functions: 1) a means of generating a high-level computational assessment of the current battlefield situation; and 2) a methodology for generating a situation-adaptive interface, so that what the commander sees and hears can be interpreted accurately in the current context. Our proposed approach offers the potential to support commander situation awareness (SA) and enhanced performance through intelligent management of tactical display information, content, and format. BENEFITS: The proposed technology will directly support the development of effective concepts of operations and human/machine interfaces (HMI) for advanced battlefield operations. The proposed approach also offers the potential for the development of innovative HMIs for the coordination of unmanned aerial vehicles currently being fielded by the military services. Adaptive interfaces and situation assessment technologies also offer potential in other high-value operator/system environments, including power system control rooms and process control centers. |
| MAK TECHNOLOGIES
185 Alewife Brook Parkway Cambridge, MA 02139 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 876-8085
Rukmini Vijaykumar, Ph.D. ARMY 99-040 |
| Title: | A Software Toolkit to Automate Display Management for Command and Control Applications |
| Abstract: | Situation Awareness (SA) is the most important factor affecting engagement outcomes. Thus, intuitive representations of SA must be available to the warfighter. However, depicting SA data graphically with minimum overlap is an extremely computationally complex problem (of complexity class "NP-Hard"). Thus, automated SA displays, which are of necessity time-critical, run the risk of taking exponentially-increasing time to lay out SA data as the number of SA data items increases. Solutions to this display problem must also be easy to interface and integrate with pre-existing C3I via standards. We propose to use a well-understood SA "model" such as Bayesian Belief Networks. Multiple, simultaneous, synchronized "views" of the SA model will be presented to the user via the "Model, View, Controller" paradigm. Advanced algorithms for efficiently laying out graphical data with minimal overlap will enable each such "view" to be maximally readable. The primary Phase II deliverable will be a software toolkit for managing multiple, simultaneous, synchronized, automated SA displays. We propose a proof-of-concept demonstration during Phase I. As an option, we propose to integrate the proof-of-concept with a COTS, NDI, man-in-the-loop, real-time simulation testbed. The proposed effort will leverage COTS, standards-based, Plan View Display software, lowering cost, time, and risk. BENEFITS: The proposed approach holds promise to incorporate: "black box" advanced situation assessment technologies such as neural nets, predictive wargaming decision aids, and new 3D SA displays. The delivery of the approach in commercial-grade toolkit form will lower the barrier to entry to research, and provide an ideal testbed, increasing the prospects for the development of advanced SA technologies. Phase I provides a foundation for Phase II in that it provides existence-proofs of the feasibility of the proposed approach. |
| SARA, INC.
15261 Connector Lane Huntington Beach, CA 92649 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 903-1000
Jim Wes ARMY 99-041 |
| Title: | Low Cost Scout UAV Acoustic System |
| Abstract: | The Army scout is called upon to provide increasing levels of information about an increasingly lethal enemy. In the early 90's the US Army's "BAT" proved that real targets could be acoustically detected at meaningful ranges. Now a new generation of acoustics, signal processing and systems architecture can bring even better target detection & location to the small UAV scout mission, at a remarkably low cost. New signal processing and system navigation technologies added to the BAT-solved challenges of airborne acoustics, offer the scout the opportunity to collect enhanced battlespace situational awareness from hidden forward positions. SARA's Phase I effort will address each of the 3 preeminent challenges confronting development of a Scout UAV Acoustic System: 1) Airborne acoustic integration, allowing detection during flight, 2) Target detection & pointing signal processing, and 3) Distributed Aperture processing to enhance battlespace situational awareness. The effort also develops a tactical & demo system concept and models the tactical scenario enabling system design trades & performance estimates. Phase I will confidently show an attractive tactical Acoustic Scout UAV concept and the enabling design & integration skills that promise a successful Phase II flight demonstration. BENEFITS: The Acoustic Scout UAV technology will be of interest to organizations requiring acoustic information from remote locations for the performance of their responsibilities. These would include US Army and US Marine special ops, infantry, artillery forward observers, and intelligence; and an assortment of government/private agencies responsible for law enforcement, border surveillance (alien and drug interdiction), remote search and rescue, airport noise monitoring, and environmental assessment. |
| SVS, INC.
6207 Pan American Freeway NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 373-8859
Mark Gudaitis ARMY 99-042 |
| Title: | High Perfromance Optical Communication System |
| Abstract: | Our approach incorporates an emerging technology, a 10.6 micro-meter laser source, with appropriate power, coupled with an innovative, very small Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) based adaptive optics system, a low noise photo receiver, and an error correcting code. Each of these technologies alone show some promise for handling the scintillation conditions for the army battlefield application.With these technologies all integrated into a system, they will provide a high data rate capability with outstanding reliability. The system also includes a pointing and tracking system that uses a retro-reflected scheme with a high bandwidth closed loop fast steering mirror to mitigate the base motion jitter. Signal acquisition can be achieved within milliseconds with virtually no start-up time for both mobile and stationary communications. The system will be developed such that it can be retrofitted into existing platforms. In Phase I a proof-of-concept test will be performed in the lab, demonstrating the performance of the laser source coupled with the MEMS adaptive optics technology. Defining the requirements for ruggedizing this system will begin in Phase I and the development will commence in Phase II. BENEFITS: High data rates, large bandwidth, secure communications, over a wireless network are the benefits. Commercial applications include robotic, automobile, and helicopter high bandwidth communications. |
| AEROVIRONMENT
222 E. Huntington Drive Monrovia, CA 91016 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 357-9983
Spencer Quong ARMY 99-044 |
| Title: | JP8 Fueled Quickturbine Program |
| Abstract: | The JP8 Fueled Quickturbine (QT) project is a Phase I SBIR project to determine the feasibility of modifying AeroVironment's QT for JP8 battlefield fuel in military generator set applications. The current QT system is a 10kW gasoline powered turbine designed as a range extender on electric vehicles. However, the existing design can be easily modified to a three phase 120VAC generator set that uses JP8 or diesel fuel. The QT system has several benefits over existing generators including, low cost, low noise, smaller thermal signature, and better reliability. The most important benefits of the QT system are its lightweight and smaller size compared to existing generators and the fact that it 90% of its components are currently COTS. The JP8 Fueled QT program is divided into three major tasks: Conceptual Design, Preliminary Design, and Phase I Option/Component Design. The first two tasks are four months long and consist of analyzing and modeling the QT system. The final task is two months long and involves testing the fuel nozzles and combustion systems using JP8 fuel which is a significant technical milestone for a Phase II program. BENEFITS: There are several potential markets for the QT system. The military can use the QT to provide electricity from ground and airborne vehicles; as fixed site generators for permanent or temporary buildings; and as portable field generators. In addition, the heat from the turbine exhaust can be used to provide heat or cooling as a cogeneration system. In terms of commercial markets, the QT system is best suited as a generator in mobile applications (e.g., marine or recreational vehicle). In fact, the QT is much quieter and less expensive than existing diesel generators used on RV's. The QT system is also cost competitive to other stationary generators or electricity from the grid when used in a cogeneration application. |
| TANNER RESEARCH, INC.
2650 East Foothill Blvd. Pasadena, CA 91107 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 792-3000
Jayant Shukla, Ph.D. ARMY 99-047 |
| Title: | Human Computer Interaction |
| Abstract: | Tanner Research, Inc. proposes to develop an innovative human computer interface that will increase the naturalness and efficiency of human computer interaction. The innovative system will be based on multi-modal input, output displays, and an integration scheme to fuse the multiple inputs. We will draw upon emerging technologies to identify relevant input and output modalities for human computer interaction. A micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) hand gesture system and a boom-mounted imaging system, both developed by Tanner Research, will serve as gesture and visual input modalities. These input modalities, supplemented with speech recognition and microphone arrays for speaker localization, will provide full functionality to the user. The key technical challenge in a multi-modal system concerns the interpretation and fusion of information provided by the distinct input devices. We will provide a well-defined and natural scheme to integrate diverse inputs. Our method will use temporal and semantic information across input modalities to extract a joint interpretation of a multi-modal input event. At the end of Phase I, we will deliver our plan for a complete human computer interface. We will provide detailed information about component technologies and on our integration methodology for fusing multiple inputs. BENEFITS: The integration of multi-modal technologies into a highly efficient human system interface will enhance the ability to control computer input/output by improving the bandwidth and naturalness of the interface. Significant advances in the human system interface will make feasible new applications of computer technology in virtually every aspect of military endeavor, particularly in hands-busy, eye-busy environments. |
| ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
9971 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 829-5864
Sid S. Takkella ARMY 99-048 |
| Title: | Integrated Circuit and Packet Switching Applications Architecture |
| Abstract: | Circuit switched and packet switched networks are two different network technologies that have seen wide spread deployment world wide in the past. Circuit switched networks are designed for delay sensitive traffic. While packet switched networks offer bandwidth efficiency. Today, with bandwidth being a scarce resource which significantly influences the communication cost, efforts are increasing to develop delay-sensitive transport mechanisms over packet switched networks. One of the central requirements of WIN-T system is to provide bandwidth efficient simultaneous voice, data and video services and Command and Control (C2) on the move (C2OTM) at all levels of security. In this proposal, we present the framework for the design of an innovative gateway architecture to bridge circuit switched and packet switched networks, that significantly reduce the media processing time. This design is based on a detailed analyses of the requirements for the transport of delay-sensitive traffic between circuit switched and packet switched networks. BENEFITS: The most significant effect of this technology is that it offers the ability to integrate voice and data network to greatly reduce the tariff rates of voice calls. Some analysts expect the overall growth of packetized voice market at 149% annually through 2001 to about $1.89 billion. This research will benefit the telecommunication industry and every major corporate sector which leases communication lines like T1 and T3 for inter-office voice communication. |
| ENPOINT, INC.
23 Greenridge Lane Lincoln, MA 01773 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 894-6727
James E. Kain ARMY 99-049 |
| Title: | Low-cost Attitude and Heading Reference Systems for Phased-array Antennas |
| Abstract: | This effort will develop an advanced low-cost Attitude Heading Reference System (AHRS) to satisfy the requirements for precision pointing of communications antennas. Our approach will use emerging low-cost inertial components together with multiple GPS antennas. GPS interferometry, coupled with accelerometer and rate gyro components, will allow attitude determination under all vehicle motion conditions. Optimizing the GPS carrier and code tracking loops to account for availability of acceleration and attitude measurements will enable robust GPS operation under adverse motion and interference conditions. Limited testing will be conducted using a GPS receiver chipset comprised of two downconverter chips and a single 12-channel correlator. BENEFITS: The advanced AHRS solution has an immediate application within all land transportation markets. In large quantities, near-term target costs below $1000 and long-term target costs below $100 will make this general purpose, easily installed, and unobtrusive device attractive to all fleet transportation services. |
| PREDICTION SYSTEMS, INC.
309 Morris Avenue, Suite G Spring Lake, NJ 07762 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 449-6800
Jose Ucles ARMY 99-050 |
| Title: | Advanced Intrusion Detection Techniques |
| Abstract: | Many systems have been developed for Government as well as commercial applications, for Intrusion Detection (ID) on single hosts or LANs. However, there are two problems yet to be solved: (1) the amount of bandwidth needed to transport the information to a central location is substantial and (2) the high personnel expertise needed to examine the data (e.g., Systems logs) to detect intrusions. The main objective of this Phase I is to examine the applicability of Artificial Intelligence techniques including Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic Sets and Genetic Algorithms in solving the intrusion detection problems. The Prediction Systems, Inc/New Jersey Institute of Technology (PSI/NJIT) team proposes to execute a study of the applicability of using neural network synergistically with other AI techniques towards Computer Network Intrusion Detection. Additionally, the PSI/NJIT team proposes to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach for the Army's Tactical Internet (TI) using the Hierarchical Intrusion Detection Engine (HIDE) presented in this prosposal. The TI was selected mainly because of its high level of challenge, at least equal or higher to that posed by the commercial wireless networks, that stresses the problems associated with bandwidth and personal expertise. The PSI/NJIT posseses vast experience of all related fields. BENEFITS: Intrusion Detection for wireless communication networks, dynamic network management of communication systems, display of security network information, real-time control systems for security applications. |
| FERMIONICS CORP.
4555 Runway St Simi Valley, CA 93063 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 582-0156
Dr. Muren Chu ARMY 99-051 |
| Title: | Hybrid Pixel Miniaturization |
| Abstract: | Recently there is much interest in the development of shortwave infrared imaging cameras using semiconductor focal plane array technology. The prime material candidates are HgCdTe and InGaAs. Such FPA cameras have many potential applications. However, there are a number of issues to be addredssed before the SWIR cameras are mass produced. One of the issues is to produce large format, small pixel focal plane array hybrids. In this program, we will develop a technlogy to produce 1280x1024 HgCdTe and InGaAs hybrids with a maximum pixel size of twelve microns. In Phase I, we will begin the development of small pixel diodes, indium bumps, and hybridization. Feasibility of producing small pixel FPA hybrids will be demonstrated. In Phase II, the small pixel array fabrication and hybridization technology will be fully developed, 1280x1024 HgCdTe and InGaAs SWIR FPA's will be fabricated, and these arrays will be hybridized to readout multiplexers. In addition, SWIR cameras based on these hybrids will be produced. BENEFITS: The success of this program will promote the SWIR infrared business by introducing near room temperature, large format, high resolution, HgCdTe and InGaAs focal plane arrays. As a result, low cost HgCdTe and inGaAs focal plane arrays for low light level imaging will be widely used for military and industrial applications. The immediate use of the products from this program is night sensing similar to the current image intensifier, camouflage detection, detection for eye-safe laser designation and laser profiling, sensor for mine detection, and sensor for biological and chemical detection. |
| SENSORS UNLIMITED, INC.
3490 U.S. Route 1, Building 12 Princeton, NJ 08540 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 520-0610
Dr. Marshal J. Cohen ARMY 99-051 |
| Title: | A 1280x1024 Indium Gallium Arsenide Photodiode Array with 12 æm Pitch |
| Abstract: | We will develop and deliver a 1280x1024-pixel indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) photodiode array sensitive to the 0.9 æm to 1.7 æm short wave infrared wavelength band. This will be the largest SWIR infrared array ever fabricated. Upon completion of Phase II, devices will be available for integration with matching silicon readout circuits for high sensitivity, high dynamic ranging imaging at elevated temperatures (>295K), ideal for night vision imaging, covert surveillance, and eye-safe range-gated imaging. Innovations include miniaturization of the individual InGaAs p-i-n photodiodes, minimization of the spacing between the photodiodes in the array, development of corresponding indium bump technology, and use of large (75 mm - 100 mm diameter) epitaxial wafers. During Phase I we will focus on establishing design rules for miniature InGaAs pixels with goals of reducing the geometry from 24 æm pixel pitch (the current state-of-the-art) to 10 æm junctions, and to applying 8 æm tall, 4 æm diameter indium bumps. During Phase II, we will expand the Phase I design results to produce a full 1280x1024 array on 75 mm and 100 mm diameter epitaxial wafers. This program will benefit from several Sensors Unlimited R&D programs, including our 100 mm diameter InP/InGaAs wafer processing. BENEFITS: The output of this program will be a high spatial resolution, wide field-of-view InGaAs SWIR photodiode array operating at room temperature. In addition, this program will lower device cost through the development of small pixel size. These advances will promote commercial applications such as police surveillance, food processing, semiconductor wafer inspection, pulp and paper manufacturing, and industrial thermal imaging. |
| MATHSOFT, INC.
1700 Westlake Ave No., Suite 500 Seattle, WA 98109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 283-8802
James Pitton ARMY 99-052 |
| Title: | Rapid Prototyping of Blind Demodulation Algorithms |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a software environment for rapid prototyping and implementation of blind demodulation algorithms. The system will be embedded in a high-level programming environment for algorithm research and simulation. Real-time C/C++ and VHDL libraries of communications algorithms will be provided to enable porting of algorithms to hardware, e.g. DSP chips and FPGAs. The system will be unified through an iconic interface that will allow engineers to graphically design algorithms, perform simulations, and subsequently implement the final systems on the desired platforms. In Phase I, we will conduct research on blind demodulation, drawing on promising algorithms in the published literature, and conducting our own research where needed. Our Phase I research will set the stage for Phase II by providing an initial library of communications algorithms and laying out the design of the final toolkit. In Phase II, we will port these algorithms to real-time hardware via C and VHDL implementations, and develop an iconic interface to enable graphical design, simulation, and implementation of blind demodulation schemes. The resulting system will be widely useful both within and outside of the DOD. BENEFITS: While a variety of communications design tools are available commercially, no software tools are currently available that enable users to go from high-level research and simulation to implementation on DSPs and FPGAs. The proposed development system will thus be useful to a wide range of engineers from research laboratories to product development organizations. In addition, we will incorporate the results of our research into other signal analysis products produced by or under development at MathSoft, including communications, signal processing, and wavelet toolboxes for Splus and Mathcad. |
| ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS, INC.
2020 Alameda Padre Serra, Suite 123 Santa Barbara, CA 93103 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 966-3331
Dr. Roger Stettner ARMY 99-053 |
| Title: | The Design of a Gated Large Format Readout Laser Sensor |
| Abstract: | This is a proposal for large format readout array that has a gated capability as well as a normal, 30 Hz, integration capability. It is called the Gated Large Format Read-Out GLF-RO. The 12.5 um pitch requirement as well as the 1000 x 1000 format can very likely be achieved using a state-of-the-art small-feature-size mixed mode CMOS process. Advanced Scientific Concepts Inc. (ASC) has already designed very complex laser radar (Ladar) readouts using this process and has tested parts made with the proposed process. Considerations such as detector capacitance, detector de-biasing voltage, dark current, RO sensitivity, RO dynamic range, RO bandwidth and RO power consumption are discussed. A preliminary design is proposed and the GLF-RO performance is estimated. A preliminary Drive and Output Electronics design is suggested. Alternate unit cell designs are also suggested. The tasks necessary to evaluate, optimize and layout the GLF-RO are proposed. The optional task is to fabricate and test a small-scale GLF-RO. BENEFITS: The proposed readout technology is of clear benefit to both military and commercial surveillance. Use of the technology at airports could increase the safety of takeoffs and landing, particularly for small aircraft, for example. |
| METSS CORP.
720-G Lakeview Plaza Blvd. Columbus, OH 43085 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(614) 842-6600
Richard Sapienza, Ph.D. ARMY 99-056 |
| Title: | An Environmentally Benign Helicopter Deicing/Anti-icing Fluid |
| Abstract: | The Army is seeking an effective technique for the prevention or removal of ice and snow accumulations from helicopter airframe and blade surfaces prior to flight. Pro |