| INTEGRATED MICRO INSTRUMENTS
35617 Pond Dr Fremont, CA 94536 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 792-9249
Thor N. Juneau ARMY 97-001 |
| Title: | MEMS Based Sensors, Systems and Algorithms for Weapon Stabilization |
| Abstract: | The military has an unfulfilled need for high performance yet low cost weapon stabilization and fire control systems. Macroscopic technology fails to deliver low cost, while present micromachining technology fails to deliver adequate drift and noise performance. Integrated Micro Instruments (IMI) proposes to manufacture advanced gun turret control systems by micromachining novel sensors providing miniaturization and cost reduction without sacrificing performance. IMI was formed from the core DARPA-sponsored Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center (BSAC) design team which produced some of the first integrated microaccelerometers and gyroscopes as well as the first micro-IMET on a fingernail-sized silicon chip. Under a separate contract, these proven sensor architectures will be combined with a deep trench micromachining technology developed at BSAC providing dramatically increased sensitivity and hence improved performance. Integrating circuits with these sensors will allow drift cancellation, exceptional miniaturization, and digital output. This proposal will involve integrating these sensors into weapon stabilization systems. Phase I will focus on sensor refinement, robust packaging, sensor fusion, and weapon control algorithms. Sensor and system design plus sensor prototypes will verify feasibility and allow rapid fabrication of functional units in Phase II. BENEFITS: Market research firms forecast inexpensive, micromachined inertial sensors to command a market of over $lB with unit sales in the tens of millions by 2000. High volume commercial applications such as automotive safety, virtual reality, 3-D computer mice, and machine monitoring already incorporate miniature sensors which can be vastly improved using this technology. |
| SYNETICS CORP.
16539 Commerce Drive, Suite 10 King George, VA 22485 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 663-2137
Robert D. Moran ARMY 97-003 |
| Title: | Parametric Difference Waves for Low Frequency Acoustic Propagation |
| Abstract: | Prior research indicates that an array of ultrasonic sources operated with an offset in frequency will produce infrasonic or very low frequency energy. This energy is useful because it is omni-directional, and it propagates well with little absorption. With sufficient energy, the resulting infrasonic waves can be disabling or lethal. Synetics proposes an approach toward developing infrasonic waves that can ultimately be incorporated into future man-portable small arms weapon systems. This approach utilizes modernized pneumatic technology which produces an extremely high-powered ultrasonic source. The resulting frequency generated is precisely controlled such that the desired high power infrasound frequency can be generated at the target by beating two focused ultrasonic sources. BENEFITS: The potential post applications of the parametric difference wave generator include non-lethal crowd control, non-lethal self defense units for police and personal use, and soot and crustacean removal devices for commercial industries. |
| KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS, INC.
1408 University Drive East College Station, TX 77840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 416-1161
Dr. Arthur Keen ARMY 97-004 |
| Title: | Raster to Parametric CAD (R2P) |
| Abstract: | The "Raster to Parametric CAD" (R2P) project will demonstrate conversion of CALS Type I raster mechanical drawings to parametric vector format, and to parametric 30 solid models by leveraging KBSI's "Vector to 30" (V3D) technology. Raster drawings consume storage space and network bandwidth, have a finite resolution, often suffer from poor image quality, and are expensive to maintain and edit. These limitations impact electronic commerce, competitive reprocurement, and maintenance. None of the many raster to vector conversion products produce parametric vector drawings (PVD). In PVDs, the text and symbols are bidirectionally associated with the drawings geometry, so a change to a dimension will cause a change to the geometry of the drawing. Conversely, in a vector drawing, a change to a dimension will have no effect on the geometry. In fact, some raster to vector products convert the text into vectors, so they are not even understanding the text. KBSI is currently developing technology that will allow furthur processing to convert the vector file to a solid file format. The availability of this tool will increase the value and extend the usefulness of existing legacy data, as well as, decrease maintenance cost. BENEFITS: This project will enable billions of drawings to be inexpensively converted to parametric CAD, reducing the cost of product data maintenance by an order of magnitude. |
| ADAPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
P.O. Box 11044 Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 951-1284
Michael A. Vaudrey ARMY 97-005 |
| Title: | Modifications to ANR Communication Headsets for Improved Attenuation and Speech Intelligibility |
| Abstract: | ANR technologies have been successfully incorporated in communication headsets to improve speech intelligibility and hearing conservation in high noise environments. This Phase I research effort will introduce advancements in optimal controller/headset architectures that will lead to: greater SPL attenuations at the ear, significantly extended ANR bandwidth, and improvements in speech intelligibility for both high and medium intensity noise fields. One circumaural and one open-air headset prototype will be used to demonstrate the expected improvements compared to existing state-of-the-art active and passive headsets. A unique team is in place to complete the research and development tasks. A total of five investigators will provide expertise in personal ANR system design, optimal control theory, adaptive signal processing methods, personal ANR component fabrication, and evaluation methods to assess attenuation and speech intelligibility provided by ANP headsets. BENEFITS: The proposed Phase I program provides the ARMY an opportunity to realize dramatic improvements in the ANR performance for communication systems in noise fields of varied intensities. Improvements realized from this project will be directly applicable to other DOD communication systems and will be directly applicable to commercial headsets in aviation, manufacturing, and numerous other industries. |
| SYCAMORE RESEARCH, INC.
3782 Torino Dr. Santa Barbara, CA 93105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 687-0339
Dr. Richard Bartek ARMY 97-005 |
| Title: | Improvements in Speech Intelligibility using Innovative Noise Reduction Techniques |
| Abstract: | Advanced noise reduction techniques are required to improve intelligibility and reduce noise in ANR headsets employed by U.S. Army personnel. Intercommunication headsets currently employed by tank crewmen expose wearers to unacceptably high levels of background noise when the communication system microphone is keyed and a person is talking. This noise induces fatigue in the wearers, decreases job performance and efficiency, increases perceived operational workload, and could lead to permanent hearing loss. This noise also masks incoming speech and other non-verbal audio signals essential to mission success and crew safety. Our proposed research introduces new technology that will significantly reduce noise and improve intelligibility using a combination of modular hardware components and advanced noise reduction signal processing techniques. These include: 1) an adaptive beamforming multi-microphone array that will increase the speech SNR and reduce noise entering the headset through the voice input, 2) an optimized ANR earphone, which will increase the ANR attenuation bandwidth to include higher portions of the speech range, 3) improved passive earcups and seals made from low-frequency passive sound absorbing materials, which will decrease low-frequency noise entering the system through the earcups and seals, and 4) improved speech filtering using wavelet transforms, spectral subtraction, or others, which will improve speech signal extraction from noise. The overall benefit to the U.S. Army from this combined approach will be modular hardware and software components that can be readily integrated into a variety of headset applications to reduce noise-induced fatigue, reduce hearing loss, improve operational performance, increase comfort and above all, improve the safety of U.S. Army personnel. These benefits aptly apply to other headset wearers as well. BENEFITS: These technologies can be applied to improve intelligibility and reduce noise in commercial and military aviation headsets, commercial and military industrial hearing protection devices, and commercial personal hearing reduction headsets (i.e., for use on board a plane, in other noisy vehicles, or around noisy yard equipment, etc.). They |
| STANDARD OBJECT SYSTEMS, INC.
1229 Tunica Drive Opelousas, LA 70570 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(318) 948-9967
Henry Pfister ARMY 97-006 |
| Title: | Natural Speech Processing for Virtual Enviroments using Standard Objects for Phonetic Speech Processing |
| Abstract: | Standard Object Systems, Inc. will apply its Standard Objects for Phonetic Speech Recognition technology to the development of Natural Speech Processing for Virtual Environments. Speech recognition components provide an intuitive and natural interface for both virtual reality systems and natural language processing and understanding. The Natural Speech Processing for Virtual Environments phonetic speech recognition system is based on the international phonetic alphabet applicable to more than 350 spoken languages. It supports speaker independent continuous recognition with adaptation to both multi lingual and multi accent environments. SOS has the experience in complex speech recognition tasks and the control of equipment using speech commands to adapt these phonetic speech recognition objects. The Phase I objective is to design the natural speech processing system for a commercial off the shelf microprocessor configuration and demonstrate the prototype phonetic speech recognition capability. This phonetic approach provides a natural interface for multilingual, lexical, syntactic, and semantic processing. BENEFITS: DoD and commercial applications of hands free and eyes free human computer interface. |
| EIKOS, L.L.C.
89 Richmond St. Raynham, MA 02767 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 880-0007
Dr. Paul Winsor ARMY 97-007 |
| Title: | Carbon Nanotube Composites for Tailored EM Radiation Shielding |
| Abstract: | Eikos will develop EM radiation shielding materials suitable for incorporation into non-metallic composites. The basis of the approach is use of ordered high conductivity carbon nanotubes as developed in the laboratories of Professor Charles Lieber at Harvard University. This approach to incorporated shielding in plastic structures will allow Eikos to tailor the shielding for controlled response to electromagnetic radiation, including control of polarization, frequency, and amplitude response. The nature of carbon nanotubes and the incorporation into extruded polymers will result in durable and stable shielding properties. BENEFITS: Protection of electronic components from interference from one another on dense circuit boards is a possible application for composites. In addition, protection of computer systems housed in plastic cases from outside electromagnetic interference is a commercial growth area Protection of airline navigation systems from laptop computers is a another potential application. |
| HVS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
200 Innovation Blvd. State College, PA 16803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 234-3833
Richard D. Hollinger ARMY 97-007 |
| Title: | Multifunctional Chiral and Active Non-Linear Materials for Control of EM Radiation |
| Abstract: | The US Army has need for broadband control of electromagnetic radiation using surface treatment of military vehicles and structures. Current methods for microwave shielding and absorption have several drawbacks. HVS proposes multifunctional composite sandwiches with novel chiral materials, nonlinear metal oxides, ferroelectric tunable materials, voltage controllable dielectrics and conducting polymers (to control the surface wave in the case of absorption). Drs. Varadan, owners of HVS Technologies and professors at CEEAM, Penn State are co-inventors of three US patents on Chiral Electromagnetic Shielding and Absorptive Materials, Electromagnetic Shielding Materials, and Voltage Tunable Dielectric Ceramics. These patents are assigned to Penn State. Applications are envisaged for Army Mobile Shelters and vehicle surfaces for reduced RCS, canopy and windshield with required level of shielding, etc. The Phase I work proposed is optimization and numerical design of sandwich materials incorporating chiral materials, nonlinear metal oxides, ferroelectric tunable materials, voltage controllable dielectrics and conducting polymers to result in broadband performance and at the same time meet the stringent needs of specific Army applications. Samples will be prepared and the performance assessed using unique characterization facilities at HVS and CEEAM demonstrating the viability of our approach. A subcontract to Penn State is planned. BENEFITS: The Phase II effort will address broader issue related to multifunctional material manufacture and commercialization. All needed capital equipment can be financed with state programs for small businesses. We have contacts with several private investors and interested industrial partners for joint ventures. The US military and commercial sectors who have need for high performance microwave absorbers and shielding materials will have easy access to a US supplier. We are confident that this Phase I project will result in a technical approach that can be commercialized for US Army needs. |
| AET, INC.
PO Box 33071 Indialantic, FL 32903 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 727-7587
Dr. Glenn T. Hess ARMY 97-008 |
| Title: | Automated Testing of Reusable ADA Software Components |
| Abstract: | We propose a new model for testing Ada components which use aspects of artificial intelligence and software reliability engineering (specifically operational profiles). Our goal is to produce a tool that is capable of constructing operational profiles for both prior and new testing of an Ada component. Before testing a reuse artifact, engineers construct a test-input graph using Pest Control Studio, a tool based on AI techniques to describe the state space of an application. This graph is then "trained" with the existing test cases (those applied during prior testing) so that a profile of all prior test experience is obtained. Next, a profile for new use of the component is constructed using a copy of the test-input graph. We envision the development of an intelligent test case generator that is capable of using both profiles to optimize new testing. In addition, we intend to use the operational profiles to compute standard reliability metrics for the component and to derive a new metric to measure a components "reusability" based on the completeness of its testing. We call this metric the reusability index. BENEFITS: The test generator and measurement engine will both be integrated into the Pest Control software tool which AET hopes to commercialize. The AET, Inc. engineering and management team along with Florida Tech researchers have the experience to develop and market these products with high probability of success. |
| RELIABLE SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
21515 Ridgetop Circle, Suite 250 Sterling, VA 20166 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 404-9293
Dr. Jeffrey M. Voas ARMY 97-008 |
| Title: | A Tool for Re-verifying Reusable Software Components |
| Abstract: | This research focuses on reducing the amount of re-verification necessary for reusable software components The work addresses a fundamental problem facing the reuse of software: when a software component that has been verified to a given level of reliability in one environment is reused in another, how can we assess the same level of reliability for the component with the minimum amount of re-verification. Through solving this issue, software development and maintenance will realize the time and cost benefits of software reuse. Our approach to solving this problem is to collect internal data state information during verification. By collecting this information, along with the output produced by the state, we are able to "short-circuit" the re-verification process whenever a data state created during re-verification is identical to one already collected during verification. When this occurs, we are able to immediately halt the current test case since we already know the outcome of the test. This method of shortcircuiting the re-verification process will have tremendous time and cost impacts for those components where this technique can be applied near the beginning of the component's execution. BENEFITS: This research will benefit all government and commercial software developers by reducing the cost of using reusable software components. |
| GORCA SYSTEMS, INC.
300 West Route 38 Moorestown, NJ 08057 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 273-8200
Hesham Attia, Ph. D. ARMY 97-009 |
| Title: | Autonomous Motion Compensation for UWB SAR Data |
| Abstract: | An innovative data-derived motion compensation technique is proposed to provide the accurate positional information needed for high quality near-field UWB SAR image formation. The low-latency, computationally efficient technique does not require any special targets or a prior knowledge of the scene developing. Assuming nominal values for aircraft velocity and altitude, the algorithm derives accurate estimates of the deviations from the nominal trajectory in three dimensions based on processing received radar data from a general scene. Therefore, the algorithm estimates the (x, y, z) position of the radar antenna on each pulse and hence enables high-resolution image formation. Position estimates in the horizontal cross-track and vertical directions are derived based on the spatial correlation existing across the synthetic aperture measured over a number of disjoint range subintervals. Velocity estimates are also obtained from the data. Phase I will consist of algorithm development and performance assessment as a function of latency, swath length of data, antenna beamwidth, average aircraft velocity, dynamics of the aircraft and signal-to-clutter/noise ratio. Phase II will consist of coding and demonstrating an optimized version of the algorithm on a real-time image formation processor assuming 1.5 Khz PRF, 50-200m/s aircraft velocities, and 256K point records. BENEFITS: The proposed data-derived measurement technique will provide accurate positional information to enable high quality foliage/ground penetration radar image formation. In addition to concealed target detection, commercial applications include such services as bald earth mapping for road construction planning, forest characterization, finding near-surface mineral deposits, locating downed aircraft, and humanitarian unexploded ordnance cleanup. |
| SATCON TECHNOLOGY CORP.
161 First St Cambridge, MA 02142 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 349-0816
Dr. Michael J. Gerver ARMY 97-010 |
| Title: | Metglas Acousitc Panels for Damping and Modication of Noise |
| Abstract: | Noise from machinery and other sources may be controlled passively by high transmission loss panels and damping, or actively using discrete localized sensors and actuators to cancel noise. Effective enclosures for passive noise control are often heavy, especially below 500 Hz, while active noise cancellation systems can be expensive, bulky, and difficult to adapt to different situations. Satcon proposes to develop light weight high transmission loss panels for noise control. Panels will be formed from an array of magnetostrictive Metglas sheets mounted in light weight frames (less than 1 kg/m(2)), with adjacent loops of wire terminating in an adjustable impedance. The Metglas/frame composite panel will act like a dynamic resonator, making its effective mass much greater than its actual mass. The tuning of the panel to achieve dynamic resonance simultaneously over a useful range of frequencies is accomplished by proper choice of the frequency dependence of the loop termination impedance. In principle the choice of impedance can produce any desired acoustic behavior of the panels. A sample panel will be built and demonstrated in Phase I, and a prototype system, adapted to some sound source of interest to the Army, will be built in Phase II. Testing and system design will be done with help from BBN Corporation. BENEFITS: In addition to disguising noisy military equipment to avoid detection, Metglas acoustic panels can be used wherever low weight is important enough to justify the cost, including any application where discrete active noise control (even more expensive) is now used. Applications include noise control in the interiors of aircraft, luxury cars and yachts, and protection of satellites from damage due to vibration during launch. |
| MARLOW INDUSTRIES, INC.
10451 Vista Park Rd Dallas, TX 75238 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(214) 503-3363
George S. Nolas ARMY 97-011 |
| Title: | Filled Skutterudites: Potential for Thermoelectric Cooling Applications |
| Abstract: | The skutterudite system is most interesting due to the market reduction in the thermal conductivity upon filling the voids in the structure. Recently data has been presented showing this material system to possess a relatively large figure of merit at high temperatures. However, the effect of the "void-filler" atoms is most prominent below room temperature where the lattice thermal conductivity reduction is well over an-order-of-magnitude. Indeed this system was originally chosen for the investigation of thermoelectrics properties engineering whereby the thermal conductivity of a material can be severely degraded with a minimal affect on the electronic properties. The successful application of this approach would result in a very large figure of merit. In this Phase I Marlow Industries proposes to investigate the feasibility of the filled skutterudite system as thermoelectric cooling materials. This is where we believe the potential lies for this material system. The key technical challenge, however, is in further reducing the lattice thermal conductivity towards its theoretical minimum. When this goal is realized optimization of the filled skutterudites at and below room temperature can begin. BENEFITS: High performance thermoelectric coolers would open potential applications such as medical instruments, microprocessor and electronic cooling, portable refrigerators and freezers, air conditioning and eventually for cooling superconductors. |
| CREE RESEARCH, INC.
2810 Meridian Parkway, Suite 176 Durham, NC 27713 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 361-4770
Lori A. Lipkin ARMY 97-012 |
| Title: | Evaluaation of alternative High-Temperature high-Field Dielectrics for SiC Devices |
| Abstract: | Silicon Carbide is exceptionally well suited for high temperature, high-power electronics. These electronics would be ideal for high-temperature applications for electric combat vehicles, including vehicle propulsion, active protection, electric gun and turret control. Therefore, silicon carbide has been identified as a critical electronic technology for use in future armored vehicles. To fully enable the capabilities of silicon carbide electronic devices, a high-temperature high-field dielectric must be developed. Alternative dielectric materials for use on SiC merit thorough investigation, however, silicon dioxide should not be dismissed as a high-temperature high-field dielectric. There are several potential dielectric materials of interest, including A1N and various combinations of silicon, oxygen and nitride. It is proposed that these alternative dielectrics be evaluated for use as high-temperature, high-field gate dielectrics or field passivation. In addition, we propose to look at three materials with extremely high dielectric constants for this application. This effort will include producing metal-insulator-serniconductor (MIS) capacitors in SiC to evaluate which dielectrics show superior applicability for device operation at 350°C. Dielectrics to be evaluated include silicon oxynitride, AlN, silicon nitride, oxide-nitride-oxide (ONO) layers, thermally grown silicon dioxide, deposited silicon dioxide, A1O:N, TiO(2), Ta(2)O(5) and (Ba,Sr)TiO(3). BENEFITS: High power silicon carbide devices which operate at high temperatures are required for a variety of power conditioning applications for motor control, radar systems, more-electric airplanes, turbine engine actuators, and space-based power systems. These devices would also have a large commercial market in the areas of powey switching and conditioning. These applications require strong reliability at high fields and high temperatures. |
| MATERIALS MODIFICATION, INC.
2929 Eskridge Road, P-1, Eskridge Center Fairfax, VA 22031 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 560-1371
T. S. Sudarshan ARMY 97-013 |
| Title: | Synthesis and Consolidation of Nanoceramics for Armor |
| Abstract: | The present proposal describes the synthesis of nano TiB(2) and SiC powders and its consolidation into dense shapes suitable for use as lightweight armor. Particles in the size range of 10 nm to 300 nm will be synthesized by a plasma chemical synthesis (PCS) technique at Materials Modification, Inc. (MMI). During Phase I, they will be consolidated by an ultrahigh plasma pressure system at MMI into dense specimens to study mechanical properties, microstructure, density and consolidation parameters. Application of fast, ultrahigh pressures up to 1 GPa on 5 cm diameter x 1 cm thick specimens - will permit retention of grain sizes in the 50 to 100 nm range. The goal of Phase I is to characterize density, microstructure, and preliminary mechanical propenies - e.g. hardness and high strain rate compressive strength - of fully dense TiB(2) and SiC monolithic, homogeneous specimens. In Phase II we will produce dense plates of each material suitable for ballistic test against small caliber (up to 0.50 caliber) penetrators, e.g. 4 in to 6 in diameter x 0.5 in thick plates. We will also demonstrate graded sections TiB(2) to metallic layers such as Ti, the purpose of which is to increase multi-hit capability and to permit possible bonding to vehicular structures. In any case such metallic layers will reduce "behind armor" effects by reducing spall generation due to projecule impact. BENEFITS: Such dense, lightweight ceramics will constitute a "second generation" of ceramic armor materials to replace current materials used for military and civilian (police, fire fighter, govermient and private security personnel) personnel armor and vehicular armor used for "small arms" protection (e.g. 0.30 and 0.50 caliber and 5.56 mm). |
| MICROFAB RESEARCH, INC.
338 Westfield Rd. Charlottesville, VA 22901 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(804) 963-4490
Philip Koh ARMY 97-015 |
| Title: | Passive Phased Array Antenna construction by Application of a Novel Micromachined Packaging Technique |
| Abstract: | A novel structure based on silicon micromachining is presented which is capable of forming three-dimensionally integrated packaging for millimeter wave circuits. Such packages would incorporate multiple chips, and interconnect them with an integrated antenna. It is proposed to apply this structure to the fabrication of phased array antennas where half wavelength element spacing is desired. BENEFITS: Commercial applications in millimeter waves are rapidly expanding. Local multipoint distribution systems are being developed at 28 and 40 GHz for wireless delivery of data and video. Also, automotive radars are being developed at 77 GHz. This novel packaging system has the potential to greatly reduce assembly costs for multichip RF modules at millimeter waves, due to its use of wafer scale assembly and test |
| ALTEC, INC.
P.O. Box 15734 Boston, MA 02215 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 236-0599
Carlo J. De Luca ARMY 97-017 |
| Title: | Sensor and Software for Monitoring Muscle Fatigue |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop an Electromyographic (EMG) system consisting of a high-performance EMG sensor, signal amplification and conditioning circuitry and a transmitter/receiver. The system will be attached to the skin, above the muscle(s) of interest, on soldiers performing training exercises and maneuvers. The specifications of the transmitter will be designed in collaboration with the Chem-Bio Defense Command, the Army Medical Command, the Human Engineering Directorate, and the Soldier System at Natick. The transmitted EMG signal will be analyzed to determine the rate of muscle fatigue by tracking the median frequency from the power density spectrum of the signal. This is a well-established technique for static muscle contraction. Because it is required to analyze dynamic muscle contraction, a new signal processing technique must be developed. We will use Time-Frequency analysis techniques for this purpose. The new technique will be tested on synthetic EMG signals and on real EMG signals detected from back muscles during lifting maneuvers. The new signal analysis technique will provide, for the first time, means to monitor the shift in the spectral characteristics of the EMG signal during short burst contractions which occur during daily functional activities. |
| ORBITAL RESEARCH, INC.
11000 Cedar Ave, Suite 461 Cleveland, OH 44106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(216) 791-6720
Mohammad Modarreszadeh ARMY 97-017 |
| Title: | Ambulatory Muscle Fatigue Monitor |
| Abstract: | Fatigue is a phenomena that accompanies repeated muscular exertion. The ability of the muscle to produce force is reduced as fatigue occurs. Local muscle fatigue is manifested in electromyography (EMG) signals by a shift in the EMG power spectrum from high to low frequencies. By utilizing this phenomena it is possible to monitor local muscle fatigue in soldiers as they perform mission related tasks. Cleveland Medical Devices will design a complete ambulatory muscle fatigue monitor that will utilize wireless telemetry and advanced signal processing techniques to allow researchers to record and monitor muscle fatigue in soldiers without the need to be tethered to a cumbersome EMG monitor. For the Phase I program, Cleveland Medical Devices will design a small, lightweight, unobtrusive three channel differential EMG amplifier/transmitter using proven wireless technology to digitize and transmit the EMG data to a PC compatible computer for storage and data processing. Then the mean power frequency of the EMG signal will be calculated and used to indicate local muscle fatigue. BENEFITS: There are many potential commercial applications for small, rugged three channel telemetry devices. Some potential biological applications are: rehabilitation, physical therapy, medical research, ergonomic design of equipment and tasks, and remote patient care. Some other commercial applications are: vehicle monitoring, robotic communications, short range voice communications, wireless data acquisition, simple local area networks and industrial process monitoring and control. |
| QUEST INTEGRATED, INC.
21414 68th Ave. South Kent, WA 98032 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(253) 872-1396
Roger Johnson ARMY 97-018 |
| Title: | Small-Arms Shooting-Accuracy Measurement Systems |
| Abstract: | A small-arms training, shooting accuracy, and scoring system is proposed. A set of accelerometers, force sensors, video array, lens, battery, and RF modulator will be contained in a special shock-isolation mount. The entire module will weigh approximately three ounces and will transmit video and multichannel sensor data using spread-spectrum wireless technology. Scoring will be accomplished with a nearby video camera mounted on a tripod and coupled to an ISA bus (PC) image-processing board that will determine the position of bullet holes in the target. Target tracking data will be accomplished with the boresighted video camera also contained in the shock mount. Another image-processing board in the PC will constantly determine the two-dimensional coordinates of the target. For night training, an infrared light source will illuminate the target. All shooting events will be video compressed and archived for later review. All sensors, video array and lens, and datalinks will be tested and evaluated on AR-15 rifles. BENEFITS: The same system could be used in commercial firing ranges for training purposes as it provides a history of an individual's progress in proper shooting technique. |
| SYNETICS CORP.
16539 Commerce Drive, Suite 10 King George, VA 22485 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 663-2137
Robert D. Moran ARMY 97-018 |
| Title: | Small Arms Shooting Accuracy Measurement System |
| Abstract: | The U.S. Army depends on shooting accuracy for effectiveness on the battlefield, yet the factors that affect accuracy, including body sway, recoil, recoil anticipation, flinching, and trigger pull tension,are not well understood. Currently there is a need for a system that can measure these factors and construct a firing analysis that details the effects on shooting accuracy from these factors. Synetics proposes a shooting analysis system that takes advantage of low-cost, very light rate sensors to measure shooter motion. This technique combined with a CCD camera, a laser pointing device, and wireless communication will yield a detailed profile of shooter motion during the firing process. This information will be graphically displayed in real time to the operator via developed software and graphics tools. This system will help improve shooter accuracy and possibly contribute to a new long-term approach to shooting instruction. BENEFITS: Potential post applications for the shooting analysis system include extensive target range applications for military and police use. Also, a version of the system may be used for analysis in the recreational shooting industry. |
| CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP.
727 Airport Blvd. Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(313) 668-2567
Dr. Gerald P. Roston ARMY 97-020 |
| Title: | HAAM: High-mobility, Articulated, All-wheel drive, Modular vehicle |
| Abstract: | The United States military's current doctrine calls for the ability to quickly deploy small units to any place on the globe. The two biggest challenges of this new doctrine are providing the airlift capability for the military's vehicles and overcoming the infrastructure that is incapable of supporting the military's vehicle that is found in many Third-World nations. A new vehicular technology, based on high-mobility, articulated, modular, all-wheel-drive vehicles will overcome these challenges by providing the necessary functional capabilities in smaller-than-current-vehicle modules. The goal of this proposed Phase I SBIR is to develop and simulate these new vehicular technologies and to prove their mobility characteristics using existing mobility models. In addition to the issues related to deployability, we plan to address the issues of component and functional modularity. Thus from a set of common components, modules can be constructed; and from the modules, a wide variety of vehicle systems with a broad spectrum of capabilities can be assembled. Finally, this system must have a number of other important characteristics, such as high speed operation, silent operation, drive-by-wire control, low-signature, good fuel economy, the ability to selectively armor and protect the crew, and be extremely capable of negotiating a variety of terrain. BENEFITS: The component and functional modularity characteristics allow civilian police, fire and rescue units to purchase several pieces of a large system for use for particular applications. As the organization's needs expand, more pieces can be purchased to provide greater capability without ever requiring large captical expenditures. |
| MOHAWK INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY, INC.
437 New Karner Road Albany, NY 12205 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(518) 862-4288
Dr. Hooshang Heshmat ARMY 97-021 |
| Title: | Dynamic Coefficients for Compliant Foil Bearings |
| Abstract: | The cost effective application of compliant foil bearings (CFBS) to high-speed, high-temperature vehicle propulsion systems requires an improved understanding of the factors affecting their dynamic characteristics and accurate predictions of the coefficients to be used in rotordynamic analysis of these systems. Under this program, MiTi will establish the design and test methodology necessary to characterized the stiffness and damping of CFBs operating at high speeds, loads and temperatures. The test facility will have the capability to operate to speeds of over 100,000 rpm and temperatures to 150OF and will also accept bearings of different designs and diameters. Instrumentation with high temperature capability and high frequency response will be defined, as will the data acquisition and reduction methodology. Using an integrated hydrodynamic and compliant structural analysis tool MiTi will conduct a parametric study investigating the key parameters influencing CFB dynamic coefficients. Finally, a minimum of three different CFB configurations will be designed to allow investigation of key parameters and their impact on dynamic coefficients under Phase II testing. BENEFITS: The Developed test facility and methodology will be useful in developing CFB designs with improved dynamic performance. Improved designs will expand applications to turomachinery such as small gas turbines, turbochargers, compressors, expanders, alternators and the like. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Suite 103 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Lothar Kempen ARMY 97-022 |
| Title: | Multi-Spectral Imaging Ellipsometer for Fast, In-Situ Monitoring of Monolayer Film Deposition |
| Abstract: | In this Phase I project, Physical Optics Corporation proposes a novel instrument for the in-situ monitoring of very thin layer film deposition. The system makes use of imaging ellipsometry inside the reaction chamber to provide a spatially resolved measurement of the sample surface in the range of one second, thus enabling monitoring of film growth topography during the coating process. Operating the system at the quasi-Brewster angle, close to the null-ellipsometer condition, gives enhanced sensitivity. The use of several spectral bands for the measurement adds additional parameters to film thickness determination, providing a very precise readout, even at the monolayer level. The monolayer imaging will be performed with about 10 micrometer lateral resolution over the entire surface of the substrate, leading to highly-resolved, fast information for judging the kinetics of surface coverage. This device has commercial potential for optimization of coating processes, for surface investigations, and for sensing applications. To date, most measurements of very thin layers either do not have the required sensitivity for single monolayers or are single-point measurements that require scanning. Since it avoids these problems, the proposed apparatus will be superior for in-situ monitoring and for general sample characterization. BENEFITS: The proposed system will deliver fast, in-situ information about surface coverage and film deposition, opening a vast market in thin-film deposition systems. The device can also be a supplement to Reactive Ion Etching chambers, as well as a potential standard tool for the large market of semiconductor or thin-film processing laboratories and plants. |
| NIELSEN ENGINEERING & RESEARCH, INC.
526 Clyde Ave Mountain View, CA 94043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(415) 968-9457
Daniel A. Pruzan ARMY 97-023 |
| Title: | Innovative Solid-State All-Weather Shear Stress Transducers |
| Abstract: | Nielsen Engineering & Research (NEAR) is proposing to investigate the feasibility of two innovative solid-state concepts for MEMS-based turbulent wall shear-stress transducers. The first design, which relies on the variation in acoustic convection velocity through the boundary layer, employs established MEMS transducers. The second concept, which directly measures the shear force on the wall, is produced using an emerging MEMS fabrication technique. Neither of the proposed designs incorporate any moving parts or are sensitive to airborne contaminants such as dust and rain. During the Phase I program, NEAR will determine the feasibility of each of the proposed designs in terms of their environmental robustness, manufacturability, frequency response, and accuracy. Both theoretical analysis and wind tunnel experimentation will be used to investigate the influence of design parameters and flow conditions. Relatively large scale (non-MEMS) prototypes will be used during the wind tunnel tests to evaluate feasibility. During the Phase II effort, NEAR will use the Phase I results to refine the system design and will fabricate operational transducers using MEMS production techniques. An evaluation study will be conducted to assess the design's ability to handle harsh operating conditions and to evaluate the final system's performance in real-world operational conditions. BENEFITS: These all-weather shear stress sensors will have numerous applications in military and commercial markets. Potential applications include 1) wind tunnel, water tank, flight, and track testing in commercial and government research laboratories, 2) monitoring for increased skin friction on aircraft employing laminar flow wings and drag reduction devices, and 3) detecting reversed flow and incipient stall on wings. |
| BOSTON DYNAMICS, INC.
614 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge, MA 02139 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 868-5600
Robert R. Playter ARMY 97-024 |
| Title: | Human Dynamics Modeling: The Digital Biomechanics Laboratory |
| Abstract: | An advanced human simulation system could serve as a digital biomechanics laboratory in which simulated humans perform useful tasks under novel conditions. It will allow us to measure loads, forces, and energy levels in humans that are difficult if not impossible to obtain any other way. It could be used to evaluate the effectiveness of clothing, footwear, equipment or movement strategies. Rapid evaluation cycles using simulation will shorten the product development and acquisition cycle. To test the design and effect of equipment on human performance, we must be able to simulate realistic, life-like behaviors such as running, walking, crawling, and throwing. Physics-based simulation provides the data and flexibility we need in an experimental tool. However, physical simulations need control systems to produce coordinated behavior. There are currently no general techniques for designing control systems for life-like human motion. We propose a novel control design method for complex human behaviors. Our approach combines the life-like motion of recorded human data with the flexibility and rigor of physics-based simulation. We will apply this control design technique to the simulation and control of dynamic running. The resulting simulation will produce life-like human running and physical data suitable for analysis. The simulation will accommodate changes in running speed, incline, and backpack weight and produce data regarding the forces, loads, and energy of the virtual subject. BENEFITS: Companies that produce equipment for athletes, soldiers, or civilians could use an advanced human simulation systems as a means of rapidly designing and valuating products for human use. Combining simulation of the individual with group level simulation and control could provide means of analyzing how group performance is affected by equipment or logistics. |
| TRANSOM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
201 South Main Street, Suite 1000 Ann Arbor, MI 48104 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(313) 761-6001
Dr. Lisa M. Schutte ARMY 97-024 |
| Title: | Human Dynamics Modeling |
| Abstract: | The goal of this project is to develop physics-based simulation and animation of human movements in a visual, interactive, three dimensional software environment. The system will allow simulation and evaluation of locomotion (walking, running and climbing) under a variety of loading conditions, over a variety of terrain and when constrained by clothing or equipment. Such a system will be an improvement over commercial human modeling systems currently available which generate movements either from direct motion capture, key frame interpolation, or inverse kinematics. The advantages of physics-based forward dynamics simulations are improved realism of human movement and increased generalizabilty to novel task conditions. Phase I efforts will concentrate on developing a thorough and detailed technical assessment and working software prototype. In Phase II, we will complete the software development efforts needed to realize an efficient, effective and usable human movement dynamics tool. The software framework for this work will be the Transom Jackr human modeling system, now commercially developed and supported by Transom Technologies, Inc. BENEFITS:A validatable, physics-based simulation framework allows for virtual prototyping of equipment configurations and loading arrangements, assessment of task feasibility, and more realistic representations of human movement in virtual environments. Ultimately this framework will be of use to ergonomists, equipment designers and medical clinicians. |
| DIGITAL SCIENTIFIC, INC.
180 South 300 West, Suite 400 Salt Lake City, UT 84101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 531-8250
Robert T. Short ARMY 97-025 |
| Title: | Implementalbe Adaptive High Performance SSMA Receiver Architectures |
| Abstract: | Digital Scientific, Incorporated, proposes to develop a set of novel algorithms which will provide a complete baseband solution to the mobile spread-spectrum.multipie access problem. Our adaptive algorithms have the capability of demodulating multiple data streams in the presence of multi path interference, non linear distortions, and mobile environments with nearly single user performance. BENEFITS: This research will lead to higher network capacity and better user performance at a reasonable cost than available with current technologies. |
| ASTRON CORP.
22560 Glenn Drive, Suite 114 Sterling, VA 20164 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 450-5517
Joseph R. Jahoda ARMY 97-026 |
| Title: | Antennas for Aerial and Ground Vehicles in Distributed Mobil Networks |
| Abstract: | This Phase I program has as its objective to investigate innovative antenna concepts for small, broadband antennas and a demonstration of the concepts feasibility with experimental models or computer antenna models. These antennas are needed for operation over the HF through X band ranges. Astron has chosen the HF and VHF/UHF ranges for exploration of its innovative monopole and dipole antenna elements and X band for advanced miniature phased array innovations for circular polarized satellite cornmunication antennas. BENEFITS: The antennas selected will have wide applications in IRIDIUM, INMARSAT, and similar satellite communications systems as well as the multi-million quantity cellular and wireless PCS and telephone market. |
| EMAG TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
P.O. Box 130103 Ann Arbor, MI 48113 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(313) 747-6646
Dr. Jui-Ching Cheng ARMY 97-026 |
| Title: | Multifunction Compact Vehicular Antennas: A New Generation of Antenna Designs and Structures Based on Novel Composite Materials |
| Abstract: | The Design of multifunction vehicular antennas for military and commercial mobile distributed networks poses major challenges with regard to the antenna size, radiation efficiency, fabrication cost, etc. This Small Business Innovation Research project proposes a new class of compact vehicular antennas based on novel composite materials. The proposed antenna has a dual slot aperture overlaid by a planar lens with a synthetically graded index profile. Recent developments in material processing technology has made it possible to synthesize low-loss composite lenses with quite arbitrary index profiles. Small antenna size and high radiation efficiency are achieved through optimization of the lens index profile, antenna layout and feed structure. The proposed project will involve both simulation and experimental validation of the proposed antenna design. BENEFITS: The proposed antenna will have a major impact on low-cost, high-performance military and commercial vehicular wireless communications with immediate applications in radio, cellular phone and PCS. |
| REMCOM, INC.
Calder Square, Box 10023 State College, PA 16805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 353-2986
Joseph Schuster ARMY 97-027 |
| Title: | Communication Channel Propagation Model Based on a Combination of GTD and SBR |
| Abstract: | The prediction of the performance of radio communication channels in complex environments is a challenging problem for computational electromagnetics. The geometries involved are very complicated in. shape. They are also very large, so that large amounts of data are needed to describe the buildings, terrain, and other features to be included in the calculations. Developments that have occurred over the past decade, and to a greater extent over the past few years, now provide the tools needed for accurate prediction of the performance of these communication channels. These developments include more accurate terrain data bases, quick availability of urban feature information, advances in computational electromagnetics, and faster computers with large memory. Utilizing these advances, it has been demonstrated that deterministic, site-specific prediction of radio signal propagation in complex environments is possible. The next step is to take this capability from a research tool to a user-friendly software environment to be applied in realistic situations by non-experts. BENEFITS: Commercial software for the accurate prediction of radio communication channel propagation would be useful to companies desiring to site communication systems and to DOD agencies interested in reliable radio communications, especially in situations where preliminary measurements are not possible. |
| SITE WARE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
439 10th St. Brooklyn, NY 11215 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(718) 260-3412
George Liang ARMY 97-027 |
| Title: | Site Specific Propagation Prediction Software Tool for Communication Channel Modeling |
| Abstract: | Site Ware Technologies proposes to develop a computer package that will be able to predict the propagation characteristics of radio signals, such as: path loss, time delay profile, angle. of arrival distribution, spatial correlation and depolarization. The program will give site specific predictions in a wide range of outdoor physical environments for frequencies in the range from about 100 MHz to 10 GHz. The software tool will utilize a novel technique known as the Vertical Plane Launch (VPL) method for predicting the propagation paths in a cluttered building environment. The VPL has previously demonstrated the capability of accounting for reflections from a vertical wall and diffractions from the edge of buildings. The objectives of this Phase I proposal is to investigate and demonstrate enhancements to the existing VPL kernel, including the addition of terrain, foliage effects and diffuse scattering from surfaces and objects in the vicinity of the mobile, as well as its integration with user interface and visualization software. The successful completion of these enhancements will greatly increase the versatility and robustness of the propagation prediction tool to accurately predict the propagation phenomena in a broad range of environments and scenarios for military and commercial applications. BENEFITS: The propagation prediction tool is. anticipated to satisfy the current needs of military and commercial communication hardware developers for realistic channel modeling, as well as the site planners and installers of mobile communication infrastructure. There is currently a great need among these groups for a state-of-the-art theoretical propagation prediction tool. |
| SELF CORP.
P.O. Box 34601 West Bethesda, MD 20827 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 299-6197
Alisa Rogers ARMY 97-028 |
| Title: | Low Temperature Decontamination for Chemical and Biological Defense |
| Abstract: | A universal decontamination solution which is non-flammable, non-toxic and environmentally friendly has been developed. Modifications to the basic technology needs to be made in order to achieve decontamination performance at low temperatures (-20°C). In order to achieve that goal, a microemulsion specifically designed for low temperature applications will be utilized to develop the all temperature solution. The Phase I effort will encompass the testing of the micro emulsion system at low temperatures against live agents. The effects of additives to the low temperature microemulsion will be determined. Phase II will be used to optimize the formulation and maximize reaction rates. Live agent testing will be conducted to determine the most optimal microemulsion formula. Maximizing the rate of reaction, efficacy of the decon solution and logistical considerations will be addressed. BENEFITS: The anticipated benent of this effort will be the development of a safe universal chemical agent decontaminant. The solution can be used as a replacement for the stock piles of DS2. In addition, commercial applications include HazMat teams for use in case of threatened or actual terrorist attacks The universal decontaminant is also capable of destroying pesticides and chemical spills will have a wide variety of applications in various clean-up operations |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
655 Aspen Ridge Drive Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Stephen M. Hannon ARMY 97-029 |
| Title: | Solid-State Laser-Based Universal Multipurpose Air Data System |
| Abstract: | The proposed Phase I/II program produces a multipurpose solid-state-laser-based sensor to provide critical flight path management and mission data for Army rotorcraft. The effort leverages significantly off of an ongoing CTI effort to develop a compact coherent lidar for helicopter ballistic winds applications. The Phase I/II effort will develop and demonstrate critical technologies required to achieve a true multifunction capability with a single sensor installation. The functions to be addressed in Phase I include air data, ground track and altitude, obstacle and wire avoidance. Additional functions include ballistic winds and intraformation communication. BENEFITS: The primary and most significant initial application for the proposed multifunction sensor is for military rotorcraft. Commercial airline applications for a multifunction wind sensor include turbulence and windshear detection, gust load alleviation, wake vortex encounter detection and mitigation, and inflight measurement of winds for fuel efficiency purposes. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02154 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 622-5504
Thoms Campbell ARMY 97-030 |
| Title: | High Strength, Lightweight Cable/Tape for Cargo-Handling Winches |
| Abstract: | This program will develop a high performance flat braided tension member for cargo handling hoists on the Army's CH47 Advanced cargo Aircraft (ACA). The development of much thinner tape, made possible by use of high strength liquid crystal polymer, PBO, will increase the available tension member length, offering greater stand off capability. Alternatively, the thinner tape will enable a smaller diameter winch, thus further reducing the hoist system weight. Foster-Miller will use a unique flat braiding process to produce a flat tape that will support an 18,000 lb. load with a safety factor of 5:1. The flat braid will greatly reduce the transverse expansion of the tape when wound on the drum under a load. Flat braiding will allow the needed electrical wires to be integrated into the tape and still be thinner than the current tape. Foster-Miller will work closely with Breeze Eastern Inc. who is considered the leader in hoist development for helicopters. The Phase I program will develop braid design and result in fabrication and preliminary testing of braided tape. Testing will include fatigue tests around a simulated winch. A Phase II program is anticipated to produce a 100 ft. length of tape that can be installed on an aircraft hoist system and tested. Foster-Miller will work closely with Breeze Eastern, Inc. to develop a tape that can be integrated into their current tape hoist system. A lighter, more robust tape and hoist system is anticipated as the Phase II program result. BENEFITS: Foster-Miller is actively pursuing further production and development opportunities for our flat braiding technology. Flat braiding offers capabilities no other braider can offer. We believe that the cargo tape product is a perfect example of the types of products Foster-Miller can produce. It is the intention of Foster-Miller to pursue various commercialization routes for the cargo tape technology. |
| ADVENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
218 Cypress Creek Drive Madison, AL 35758 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(205) 895-9077
Douglas Deason ARMY 97-031 |
| Title: | Novel Concepts for Lightweight Helicopter Ballistic Protection Systems |
| Abstract: | Current and future Army helicopter missions require close support of combat operations, resulting in exposure to enemy ground fire. Current armor systems significantly reduce the load carrying capacity of the helicopter thereby reducing its mission effectiveness. New innovative technologies to significantly reduce the areal density of armor is needed to make significant enhancements to survivability. The purpose of the proposed Phase I SBIR program will be to develop a new opaque armor technology which will enable significant reductions in areal density to be made. This effort will specifically address urgent needs for Systems which effectively deal with the 12.7-mm threat. This is a threat highly applicable to helicopters and with ample room for further weight reductions. Ideally a new armor technology could be developed under this program which would reduce the weight of 12.7-mm API armor from the current minimum of 7.7 lbs/ft(2) to below 5.0 lbs/ft(2). With a thorough knowledge of the state-of-the-art, Advent Technologies, in collaboration with Simula Technologies, as a major subcontractor, proposes to use its materials expertise to develop and evaluate innovative armor concepts. Leading armor concepts will be ballistically tested, and a trade-off study conducted to determine the best concepts for further development and commercialization. BENEFITS: This research will provide anticipated benefits to address small arms threats to helicopters at significantly lower weights. Commercial applications include vehicle protections systems. |
| JAYCOR, INC.
9775 Towne Center Drive San Diego, CA 92186 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 535-3124
Dr. Franklin S. Felber ARMY 97-032 |
| Title: | A Safety Interlock for the Cockpit Air Bag System |
| Abstract: | The Phase I objectives are to develop and demonstrate a safety interlock for the Cockpit Air Bag System (CABS) on the UH-60 Black Hawk and AH-64 Apache. Working with the CABS contractor, the Aviation Applied Technology Directorate, and Aircrew Integrated Systems, the Jaycor team will: (1) Evaluate candidate occupant position sensor technologies; (2) Produce conceptual designs of safety interlock and sensor systems for the UH-60 and AH-64 CABS; (3) Develop and build a breadboard safety interlock controller with sensors; and (4) Demonstrate the potential effectiveness of the safety interlock system through computer crash simulations using the Articulated Total Body Code, through Jaycor's biomechanics database for head/neck injuries, and through actual operation of the breadboard system. Continuous monitoring by position sensors in a safety interlock system allows ten times more time, about 100 to 200ms, for sensing aviator position and deciding whether to deploy air bags than systems that must decide instantaneously during a crash. Our goal for the CABS safety interlock development program is to help protect aviators from serious air bag injuries with zero scheduling and cost impact on any of the ongoing or planned CABS programs. This will be achieved through close coordination with the CABS contractor, AATD, and ACIS. BENEFITS: Expected benefits for the Army include a means of protecting helicopter crewmen from serious air bag injuries in crashes. Commercial markets include technology needs for second-generation automotive occupancy sensors and for monitoring and classification of people for other modes of transportation and for security systems. |
| DOMZALSKI MACHINE
332 W. Stanford Ave. Gilbert, AZ 85233 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(602) 926-8153
David B. Domzalski ARMY 97-033 |
| Title: | Deformable Training Edges and Smart Material Actuation for Active Control of Rotor Blades. |
| Abstract: | This project will determine the feasibility of smart material actuation of deformable trailing edges for active control of helicopter rotor blades. Several concepts will be developed and analyzed. Innovative structural designs and use of materials will be considered. The proposed designs will be analyzed to predict their performance levels, fatigue strength, and impact on blade weight and balance. Evaluation will be based on the analysis plus factors such as cost, reliability, reparability, etc. Representative portions of a production helicopter blade section including a deformable trailing edge, flexural zones, elastomeric slip joints, and actuation devices will be fabricated. Manufacturing techniques will explore implementation of smart materials, processing of elastomers, and other unconventional uses of materials to make up the deformable trailing edge. Static performance will be measured and used to calibrate the analysis. These sample sections will help validate and discriminate between the different design approaches. They will also provide insight to producability, durability, and areas for improvement. Recommendations will be made for the most effective structural concept and use of actuation materials. If successful, a concept will be generated which has the potential to be developed into a flight article and tested. Follow-on development, i.e. phase II, will be used to fine tune the selected concepts and validate the predictions by testing rotor blade sections and wind tunnel models. BENEFITS: The technology developed may be applied to all existing and future civil or military rotorcraft for improvements in performance, reduction of vibration, and reduction of noise. |
| CONTINUUM DYNAMICS, INC.
P.O. Box 3073 Princeton, NJ 08543 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 734-9282
Todd Quackenbush ARMY 97-036 |
| Title: | Blade-Vortex Interaction Noise Mitigation via Smart Materials Technology |
| Abstract: | Controlling main rotor blade-vortex interaction (BVI) noise is a central issue both in detectability of military helicopters and community acceptance of rotorcraft operations. Research to date has produced substantial insight into the BVI phenomenon, though attemps to formulate practical design or active control strategies to reduce BVI noise without significant performance degradation have met with limited success. This proposal involves the development of innovative methods for applying on-blade control using Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) smart materials technology to tailor blade loading, deformation, and wake structure to minimize BVI noise in key flight conditions without incurring prohibitive penalties in performance, vibration, or cost. Recent advances in actuation of control surfaces with SMA-driven devices have made feasible a variety of on-blade control concepts for noise reduction and have brought the goal of a variable design blade - optimized to minimize noise in critical flight conditions within reach. Advanced computational aerodynamic models will be used both to assess several candidate on-blade control techniques and to provide insight into BVI events. The proposed effort will involve validation of these models followed by parametric design studies of several SMA-based control devices, laying the groundwork for eventual demonstration of successful concepts at model scale. BENEFITS: The noise control technology to be developed here would have direct application to mitigating the strong BVI noise generated during helicopter landing and approach. Such noise poses an enormous operational difficulty for the rotorcraft industry, and a viable control mechanism for BVI noise and vibration would address one of the industry's most important challenges in community acceptance and passenger comfort. |
| MICROVISION, INC.
2203 Airport Way South, Suite 100 Seattle, WA 98134 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 623-7055
Mr. Ned Nestorovic ARMY 97-037 |
| Title: | The Virtual Retinal Display as New and Innovative Display Technology for Presenting Visual Imagery and Symbology to Helicopter Pilots |
| Abstract: | The Virtual Retinal Display (VRD) is innovative display technology with the performance characteristics (high resolution, high brightness, high contrast) needed for the presentation of visual imagery and symbology to helicopter pilots. The VRD is fundamentally different from previous display technologies It offers significant advantages over competing, flat panel display technologies. Under Phase I of this SBIR, Microvision will accomplish five objectives: (1) design a helmet-mounted display using the VRD as a display engine, (2) describe an innovative way to provide timely, full-color information to a pilot, (3) conduct a technology review, (4) develop a technology roadmap, and (5) develop a commercialization roadmap. BENEFITS: The research proposed for Phase I will immediately support the Army's need for a new and innovative display technology to present visual imagery to helicopter pilots. In the long term, refinements in VRD technology derived from this work will serve a range of diverse applications in the military and commercial sectors including telemaintenance, telemedicine, and applications in various types of head and helmet-mounted display systems. |
| SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CORP.
2300 Windy Ridge Parkway, Suite 400 South Atlanta, GA 30339 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 859-9161
Howard Jetmundsen ARMY 97-038 |
| Title: | Compressed Voice Data over Variable Bit Rate ATM Adaptation Layer |
| Abstract: | Recently, there has been a trend in the military to utilize ATM as a backbone for the delivery of multimedia digital services. Concurrently, there has also been an active effort by the military to develop new voice algorithms that provide high quality over low data rate links. An opportunity exists to merge these two technologies to create a product which simultaneously solves the problem of voice delivery over low data rate links while maintaining compatibility with ATM networks. SRC proposes to thoroughly investigate all issues surrounding the delivery of efficient compressed digital voice over a variable bit rate (VBR) ATM Adaptation layer (AAL). Based on this investigation, SRC will propose a detailed architecture for the delivery of digital voice over a VBR AAL which conforms to industry standards and which allows connection and interoperability with a variety of existing and legacy voice communications systems. This product could potentially provide interoperability between networks such as telephone and military radio that traditionally are not interoperable. Such a product would find widespread use in both the military and commercial sectors. BENEFITS: The proposed Voice-Over-ATM capability will provide efficient delivery of high quality voice over ATM networks. The proposed voice and ATM algorithms are based on commercial and military standards, facilitating interoperability across platforms. The result will be a commercial-off-the-shelf product providing a significant improvement in efficiency and interoperability over current products. |
| ASTRON CORP.
22560 Glenn Drive, Suite 114 Sterling, VA 20164 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 450-5517
Joseph R. Jahoda ARMY 97-039 |
| Title: | Antennas for Satellite Communications-on-the-Move (SCOTM) |
| Abstract: | The objective of the Phase I program is the development of vehicular satellite cornmunications antenna Systems for all military (UHF, SHF, and EFIF) and commercial (L, C, Ku) frequency bands for tactical/strategic cornmunications-on-the-move. Astron has proposed a series of innovations which will result in significantly smaller antenna elements which will translate into smaller antenna systems which further result in smaller pointing and tracking systems. During the course of these innovative antenna developments, the applications of photonics to these new developments will be studied and applied to the Phase II hardware development program. BENEFITS: The proposed advanced miniaturized and low cost antenna elements are ideally suited for miniature hand-held cellular and wireless communications in the commercial market. Over 100 million such antennas are projected for application worldwide. The miniaturized antenna elements will also be used for advanced phased arrays for commercial satellite communication-on-the-move |
| KVH INDUSTRIES, INC.
110 Enterprise Center Middletown, RI 02809 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(401) 847-3327
Jeff Hawes ARMY 97-039 |
| Title: | Antennas for Satellite Communications-on-the-Move |
| Abstract: | KVH Industries proposes to determine the feasibility of integrating its commercially (COTS) available, low cost, marine mobile, rate stabilized on-the-move antenna system with new `smart antenna' electronic array technology to produce a solid state, highly ruggedized, flat panel land mobile antenna system capable of multi-band satellite cornmunications. Recent developments in adaptive antenna technologies have been developed and successfully applied for antennas in L-band communications. Similar to 'phased array' technology, these adapative electronic arrays provide electronically steerable azimuth and elevation coverage by generating a number of discrete narrow beams using high speed digital switching technology. The design, manufacturing techniques and digital switching offer dramatically lower production cost and improved performance repeatability over existing phased array technology. Combining KVH's proven experience of rate stabilization and closed loop tracking, and adapting the design of military applications, promises to create the first truly affordable mil qualified, flat panel, land mobile multi-band system. KVH will add to the basic flat panel array technology a three axis stowable actuator based tilt drive for low satellite elevation useage. The anticipated price point of the 2"x14" diameter prototype system will be less than $10,000. BENEFITS: This research and development effort will adapt state-of-the-art miniaturized electronics sensor and adapative antenna technology to provide a lower cost and size full duplex satellite on-the-move communications antenna. As KVH's ASAP (Active Stabilized Antenna Pedestal) has proven (1995/96/97 sales of $12 mil. & 6000 unit qty.) such a device would have broad applications for improved land mobile satellite communications. The proposed system will have multi-use applications in military operations, law enforcement, other government and commercial communication with internet communication type capability at the end of Phase II. |
| PACIFIC WAVE INDUSTRIES, INC.
10911 Weyburn Ave., Suite 222 Los Angeles, CA 90024 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 209-0777
Dr. Boris Tsap ARMY 97-039 |
| Title: | Autotracking Satellite Antenna on-the-Move |
| Abstract: | We propose an innovative new solution to satellite communications on the move which uses photonic technology. There are several approaches to this problem of pointing and tracking which depend on various implementations of actively controlled phased array antennas. Our system is radically different in that we use what amounts to an automatic optically controlled phase array system. It relies upon the phase conjugation of the RF/microwave signal beams. In this systems approach/which has been recently demonstrated, optical interconnections provide the key enabling technology by reducing weight and complexity. The process of wavefront conjugation permits us to have pointing, autotracking, and conformal mounting of the antenna arrays in low profile configurations. Operationally, a weak probe beam from a receiver such as a satellite is conjugated, modulated with the communications information and amplified. The conjugated transmitted beam then returns, automatically and directly to the moving system, which in this case is the satellite. Interesting additional features in this system are that it also corrects for any distortions, or aberrations, in the path and that it possesses many intrinsic security aspects. The system is also inherently robust, relatively low cost and extremely well suited to high frequency communications with moving platforms. BENEFITS: This low cost automatic tracking system has major applications to moving vehicles. Since the system only sends and receives signals with the designated target, communications are secure and low power. The tracking operates at the speed of the conjugation process - which is virtually instantaneous. In addition to military applications we see this system as potentially useful -for every commercial car, truck, and plane. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Suite 103 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Tin M. Aye ARMY 97-040 |
| Title: | Miniature Guided Light Array Sequential Scanning Display for Head Mounted Displays |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a miniature Guided Light Array Sequencial Scanning (GLASS) display for a new low-cost, low-power ultracompact Head Mounted Display (HMD). The proposed display is based on a unique combination of three technologies; (1) low-power light emitting diode (LED) arrays; (2) a polymer waveguide array substrate; and, (3) novel liquid crystal micro-optics. POC's proposed display surpasses current miniature HMD displays in terms of size, power, resolution, and speed. This is achieved by direct modulation of high-speed LED arrays to generate line images, and by parallel projection of light through a flexible polymer waveguide array sequentially scanned using either a refractive or diffractive liquid crystal output coupler array. Using the MHz speed of LEDs and time-multiplexing, the display will have increased grayscale capability, dynamic range, and dimming range. Additionally, the device will be lightweight, rugged, and compact, and will require little power or maintenance. With its high frame refresh rate and high resolution, POC's display will also reduce time-based and spatial image artifacts. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach by design and analysis, demonstration of component fabrication, and integration into a functional demonstration unit. BENEFITS: Because of its low power requirements, low cost, and high performance, the proposed display has many applications, including military head mounted displays (HMDs), space exploration, law enforcement, fire-fighting, education, training, maintenance and inventory-control, entertainment, portable computing and communications, and interactive virtual environments. |
| VIASAT, INC.
2290 Cosmos Court Carlsbad, CA 92009 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(760) 438-7210
Thomas E. Carter ARMY 97-041 |
| Title: | New Multipath & Co-Channel Interference Suppe\ression Techniques for Digital Data |
| Abstract: | Co-channel interference (CCI, i.e. interference from like-modulated signals), is rapidly emerging as one of the greatest impacts to new digital data communications systems, both military and commercial. Multiple users in the same frequency band and overlapping geographic locations often impact performance of communications equipment more than noise or more conventional interference. Multipath and dispersive channels firther exacerbate this impact. A new approach to mitigating Co-channel interference in a dispersive environment, applying Per Survivor Processing (PSP), offers the opportunity to achieve large performance improvements (e.g. improved acquisition, &/or interference rejection) over conventional design techniques when a large number of users, difficult dynamics and/or large channel uncertainties are present. Further, PSP excels when the channel characteristics, the number of interferers or reflections, & other key signal parameters are unknown. ViaSat proposes to develop CCI suppression concepts for multipath environments based on PSP techniques, both scalar and vecton Performance will be analyzed and implementation complexity sized and optimized. Comparisons will be made to conventional approaches. Strawman architectures will also be derived. If the Phase I program is successful ViaSat will clearly show that a PSP based CCI suppression scheme is practical and that it can take full advantage of existing commercial technology. BENEFITS: These PSP CCI suppression techniques offer the potential to greatly enhance the number of users and/or cell packing density through improved frequency reuse on commercial TDMA cellular systems. These same techniques can reduce in-band interference for many emerging military communications systems as well as enhance signal collection schemes. |
| EPIR LTD.
6598 Tealwood Dr. Lisle, IL 60532 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(312) 942-0841
Dr. Yuanping Chen ARMY 97-042 |
| Title: | Development of a Monolithically Integrated HgCdTe Megapixel IRFPA |
| Abstract: | The Fabrication of large format mid and long wavelength (MWIR and LWIR) mercury cadmium telluride based staring focal plane array (FPAs) is highly desirable for DOD applications such as surveillance and target acquisition missions. However, the development of large FPAs has been seriously impeded by the limited size of commercially available Cd(1-x)Zn(x)Te substrates and in the current hybrid technology by the thermal expansion mismatch between HgCdTe detector array and Si readout. In this project, we propose to explore the development of a monolithically integrated HgCdTe megapixel IRFPA High quality (defect density less than 5x10(5) cm(-2)) (211)B Cd(1-x)Zn(x)Te epitaxial layers will be grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on 3-inch Si(211) substrates. Device quality p-on-n MWIR HgCdTe heterostructures will be grown also by MBE on these 3-inch lattice matched Cd(1-x)Zn(x)Te/Si substrates and photodiodes will be processed and tested. In order to develop, in Phase II, a LWIR HgCdTe IRFPA monolithically integrated with the readout circuit on a common silicon wafer, an advanced device architecture with an extended field of view will be designed in Phase I. A particular attention will be given to the temperature during the entire growth and fabrication process which should not exceed the maximum temperature allowed for a Si readout circuit. In order to evaluate the feasibility of the monolithic concept, localized epitaxy of CdTe on Si substrates will be explored. BENEFITS: The anticipated benefits of this R & D project would be the development of robust, low cost, advanced and very large format long wavelength IRFPAs. Large high performance IRFPAs are needed in many military and commercial applications. |
| MOSET CORP.
25071 Rivendell Dr Lake Forest, CA 92630 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 533-6010
Kenneth R. Zanio ARMY 97-042 |
| Title: | Monolithically Integrated HgCdTe Staring Infrared Focal Plane Array (IRFPA) |
| Abstract: | The long term objectives of this program are to 1) develop a technology for producing a megapixel staring LWIR IRFPA with optical detection and charge readout monolithically integrated on a common silicon wafer, and 2) demonstrate this technology by fabricating and delivering a prototype of this array. In Phase I we will: 1) choose the best monolithic approach that allows the growth of high quality LWIR HgCdTe and avoids degradation of the readout, 2) Provide a preliminary readout design for an LWIR HgCdTe p-on-n 1280 x 960 monolithic array which has a 25um x 25um or smaller pitch, high optical fill factor, and can accommodate a high background charge, 3) Grow HgCdTe heterostructures on silicon and test the resulting p on n detectors, and 4) develop the processing steps for fabricating the selected monolithic IRFPA and assign the risk to each of those processing steps. Metal refractory in place of aluminum will be considered as an intermediate metallization for the readouts until the higher post silicon processing temperatures required for buffer layer growth for the HgCdTe can be reduced. Both (100) and (211) silicon are considered for HgCdTe growth. BENEFITS: Commercial applications include search and rescue, fire detection, surveillance systems for drug and traffic and border control, vision enhancement, and satellites used for weather forecasting and environmental, global warming and crop management studies. Defense applications include advanced land combat, etc. |
| DISCOVERY SEMICONDUCTORS, INC.
186 Princeton-Hightstown Road, Bldg, 3A, Box 1 Cranbury, NJ 08512 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 275-0011
Abhay M. Joshi ARMY 97-043 |
| Title: | InGaAs / InP Based Multi-level Photonic Modules for Millimeter Wave Phased Array Antennas |
| Abstract: | The goal of the proposed development is the creation of multilevel photonic modules comprised of monolithic, InGaAs / InP p-i-n photodetector - p-HEMT power amplifier, Opto-electronic integrated circuit (OEIC), that has 60 GHz bandwidth and output power of 100 mW. The photodetector will have a high quantum efficiency (30%) and will be front-illuminated, thereby improving optical performance. The proposed innovation will greatly simplify the implementation of miniaturized optically controlled antenna elements. By integrating the photoreceiver and power amplifier into one OEIC device, the antenna element can be made to resemble a ceramic chip carrier. The element would have two ceramic substrates sandwiching the InP chip, one carrying the fiber input and the other carrying the antenna output. The overall element would be small, rugged, and hermetic, allowing for conformal mounting onto vehicle structures and other such applications. Dr. Arthur Paolella of Lockheed Martin's Communication & Power Center will consult. BENEFITS: Optical signal distribution for phased array antennas in communication satellites is advantageous to system designers. By distributing the microwave and millimeter wave signals optically, a potential savings of up to 100 lbs can be achieved. This weight saving translates into reduced launch costs of $1.5 to $3.0 M per satellite. |
| AURORA SIMULATION, INC.
12310 Pinecrest Rd., Suite 200 Reston, VA 20191 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 391-9534
Craig H. Heartwell ARMY 97-044 |
| Title: | Battle Damage Prediction |
| Abstract: | In order to assist the Battle Damage Assessment (BDA) operator in performing timely damage estimates for physical and functional damage assessment, Aurora Simulation Inc. proposes to develop an Automatic Battle Damage Prediction System (ABDPS), which will have the following features: ABDPS will not only predict physical damage and functional damage independently, but will also predict the coupling of physical damage and functional damage. The terms of the functional damage model and the Electronic Warfare (EW) Model will be used interchangeably. For the EW models this study will concentrate on the Radar Detection Model and Electronic Counter Measure (ECM) Model. Since the outcome of a battle will be dependent on both the probability of kill (physical damage model) and the probability of detection (EW model). Therefore these models need to be coupled to provide accurate battle damage predictions. The system will be 100% compatible with different computer platforms (PC, workstation, super computer) and operating systems (Windows 95, NT, Unix, VMS, etc). Since the system will be an object-oriented software, the maintenance costs of the software will be low, and the models can be replaced in a plug-and-play style. BENEFITS: The proposed work will integrate the existing physical and functional damage models into one automated system, so the battle damage prediction will become an automatic, timely, and accurate operation. The technology of the system would be applicable to generating physical damage estimates for any type of natural or man-made destruction, as well as, functional damage associated with the physical damage for which predictive models exist. The ABDPS will not only benefit the BDA operator; it will also enhance mission planning, training, and weapon system evaluation |
| PRINCETON ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS, INC.
P.O. Box 8627 Princeton, NJ 08543 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 716-1608
Yi Tang ARMY 97-045 |
| Title: | Real-Time Image Fusion Processor |
| Abstract: | Princeton Electronic Systems, Inc. (PES) proposes to develop algorithms for combining the most salient features of long wave infrared (LWIR) and near-infrared navigation sensor imagery into a single image, and to implement the algorithms, in real-time, using commercially-available general-purpose processors or digital signal processing devices. The key issue for this project is that the high-resolution imagery (for navigation) that needs to be processed in this project typically has a bandwidth of more than 5 times conventional real-time. Our proposed innovative techniques include: parallel pipeline image processing, and biologically motivated multi-resolution and region-of-interest image processing for image registration, as well as biologically motivated user controllable color coding. The proposed image fusion algorithms and hardware system will be robust and can function properly in the presence of image mismatches or misalignment, especially 5 to 10 pixel displacement mismatches, as specified by the Army. PES has extensive experience in developing image processing systems on low cost commercial off the shelf (COTS) hardware platforms and will implement the entire proposed image fusion system in low cost COTS hardware (PCI image processing boards in Pentium PC). BENEFITS: This project will result in extensive commercial applications, such as Real-time image fusion system for TV news broadcasting and rescue squad, Automatic target recognition (ATR) and tracking, Automatic product inspection. |
| NOVA ENGINEERING, INC.
5 Circle Freeway Dr. Cincinnati, OH 45246 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(513) 860-3456
Michael Geile ARMY 97-046 |
| Title: | Personal Communications System Voice Terminal (PCSVT) |
| Abstract: | The Warf ighter Information Network (WIN) is an evolving Command, Control Communications, and Computer network composed of communications systems whose roots can be traced back to the commercial sector. The primary WIN charter is to dramatically increase the speed and quantity of information transported throughout the battlespace, while adopting commercial standards to leverage the investment. A crucial link in the WIN communications hierarchy is the Future Digital Radio (FDR), which will provide a high speed digital link as well as an interface between the WIN and users of selected legacy radios. The FDR is the anticipated follow-on to the Near Term Digital Radio (NTDR) which is nearing completion. Therefore, it is essential to determine the degree to which the NTDR's `open' architecture objectives have been met. Nova's proposed program includes a detailed system analysis to answer this crucial question. In addition, Nova will assess the viability of providing PCS voice services over the Wireless LAN data channel. To validate this analysis, Nova's COTS vocoders, spread spectrum transceivers, and reconfigurable DSP cards will be integrated to demonstrate a set of Voice/Data Terminals and Access Points which pass voice and data via a Wireless LAN which includes the NTDR. BENEFITS: The proposed system represents an integration of proven technologies in the areas of low rate vocoders, spread spectrum transceivers, and novel network structures. This combination, once fully reduced to practice, represents a powerful solution for a variety of communications needs which demand distributed voice over a wide area. |
| ATLANTIC CONSULTING SERVICES, INC.
28 Kenneth Drive Ocean, NJ 07712 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 493-3532
Mark R. Lambert ARMY 97-047 |
| Title: | Transition to the Objective C4T Modeling and Simulation Enviroment |
| Abstract: | Modeling and simulation (M&S) is profoundly affecting the way the Army develops, acquires, tests, and fields new technologies for the future battlefield. While M&S has made a significant impact on Army digitization initiatives to date, fully realizing its benefits in the research, development, and acquisition (RDA); advanced concepts requirements (ACR); and training, exercises, and military operations (TEMO) domains for C4I systems will require significant improvements in M&S tools and practices. The Army Enterprise Implementation Plan, Task 9 Action Plan, specifies the use of Department of Defense (DoD)-compliant tools and methodologies--including the High-Level Architecture (HLA)--to oversee the prioritization and integration of C4I models to facilitate trade-off analysis and validation of the Operational, Technical, and Systems Architectures. The overarching objective of the proposed Phase I work effort is to develop a plan to transition current Army C41 M&S products and tools to an objective M&S environment that meets the criteria established by the Army Enterprise Strategy Task 9 M&S Subgroup. HLA lends itself well to meeting the requirements of the Objective C4I M&S environment. The HLA goal is to meet the wide range of functional M&S applications while facilitating interoperability among simulations and reusability of simulations and their components. BENEFITS: The proposed R&D offers follow-on potential applications to the DoD and commercial telecommunications and entertainment industries. Commercialization of the R&D will be achieved through presentation of documented results, publication of technical papers and participation at trade shows, symposia, and other technical forums. |
| PREDICTION SYSTEMS, INC.
309 Morris Ave., Suite G Spring Lake, NJ 07762 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 449-6800
Jose Ucles ARMY 97-048 |
| Title: | System Architecture Toll Design |
| Abstract: | In order to achieve a well-conceived system architecture several steps are involved. Initially, system requirements need to be defined, functional procedures need to be established, an operational architecture needs to be developed, and a System Architecture needs to be realized. The PSI/MU Team proposes to develop a specification and a concept of operation for the Automated Tool Suite (ATS) which will take the various requirements of the Army's Operational Architecture and automate the synthesis of the system architecture. What makes this Automated Tool Suite (ATS) unique is its focus on offering the system architect designer a series of steps that guide the user through the complex process of developing the architecture. They include: (1) a user-friendly interface that includes an expert system which allows various architectural tradeoffs, (2) a series of supporting databases that help in rapidly defining system requirements in support of the operational requirements, (3) an expert system that interacts with high level parametric models that are used to provide the System Architect feedback about expected performance of proposed architectures, and (4) an analyst's back end that permits the viewing of the architecture from several views (e.g., hardware, communication and network, etc.) useful to an architect. BENEFITS: Communication network equipment design, manufacturing plant design, process control system design, local, national, and international econometric modeling, business market modeling, world-wide commodity and currency stock and flow predictions, etc. |
| EWING TECHNOLOGY ASSOC.
5416 143rd Ave. SE Bellevue, WA 98006 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(206) 746-1216
J.J. Ewing ARMY 97-049 |
| Title: | Compact Microlaser and Rangefinder |
| Abstract: | A novel 1.57 micron eye-safe micro laser and rangefinder are proposed. The concept results in a laser and detection system with a total weight with batteries of less than 4 ounces each for the micro-transmitter and the miniaturized detection system. Using novel, state of the art laser modeling codes to support our design, we have quantified a range of options for the transmitter and system design. From this we selected a compact, diode pumped Nd laser plus OPO for our concept. Our proposed effort will combine engineering design, laser modeling and breadboard experiments to arrive at an optimum approach for Phase II. The concept features a novel optical parametric oscillator cavity. Low thresholds and over 120microJ outputs are predicted. The predicted pulse durations are under 5ns, ideal for ranging. For the same drive diode power, the conventional OPO cavity is closer to threshold and produces considerably less power. Breadboard experiments will be used to understand the range of operation for both cavities. The critical interfaces and design options for mating the sensor to the host system will be identified in Phase I. BENEFITS: The micro-laser-rangefinder will expand the range of applicability this modern military tool to a broad class of infantry users, resulting in a more effective and cost effective Army. The technology developed will also be useful in civilian applications such as micro-machining. robotic control and altimetry. |
| SOFTWARE PRODUCTIVITY SOLUTIONS, INC.
122 4th Ave. Indialantic, FL 32903 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 984-3370
Gregory McFarland ARMY 97-050 |
| Title: | Rapid Application Builder Based on Internet Technologies (RABBIT) |
| Abstract: | The modern military's information processing needs are continually and rapidly changing due to broadening operational requirements, conflict areas, and adversaries. To effectively provide our warfighters with information superiority, a mechanism to dynamically alter an automated systems functionality and visualization must be provided. To address this need SPS proposes to develop the Rapid Application Builder Based on Internet Technologies (RABBIT). RABBIT is an innovative combination of end-user, model-based RAD techniques, GIS display capabilities, military and Internet-based standards, and architecture driven component-based application development. RABBIT combines these capabilities in an environment that supports end-user composition of complex applications. The Phase I effort will generate a specification and early demonstration of RABBIT. The Phase II will build RABBIT based upon a commercial integrated development environment that supports non-programmed component composition. RABBIT will be developed by a highly qualified team from software Productivity Solutions whose expertise spans model-based RAD, Internet development standards and technologies, and software architectural driven component-based reuse. RABBIT will be highly viable in the commercial marketplace as the growth of the Internet further increases application demand and the need for end-user application development becomes the only viable approach to satisfying this need. BENEFITS: The need for end-user composition of complex applications is driven by rapid requirements evolution in both military and commercial markets. Applications incorporating GIS displays are becoming commonplace as an effective means of visualizing enterprise information. The Internet and component based application development is rapidly becoming the computing paradigm of choice for all types of application. Technology developed under this SBIR which integrates true end-user RAD, GIS display technology, Internet standards, and architecture driven, component based application development will provide a highly differentiated product in area of application development tools. |
| TLC PRECISION WAFER TECHNOLOGY, INC.
661 5th Avenue N. #160 Minneapolis, MN 55411 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 341-2795
Robert Dwarkin ARMY 97-051 |
| Title: | Low Cost Ka-Band Transmit/Recieve (T/R) module |
| Abstract: | The technical problem to be addressed is that of designing a transmit/recieve module based on a basic GaAs MMIC chip set. Emphasis will be placed on simplicity toward the goal of a low-cost product. To reduce cost, two approaches will be considered. One is to simplify the RF circuitry and packaging as much as possible while maintaining performance requirements. Two is to apply batch processing techniques to the packaging as well as the circuitry. Experimental test data from existing Ka-band MMICs, as well as computer simulations, will be utilized in performing the trade-off analysis. A radiating element will be designed for fabrication directly with the module. This is imperative in order to avoid the need for seperate connections and to keep the cost of the module down. For application to an active phased array antenna, two basic configurations for arranging the radiating elements in the array. The tile configuration is suitable for patch radiators, while the brick configuration is suitable for end-fire dipole, slot line or finline antennas. BENEFITS: The market for mm-wave phased array antennas for commercial applications is potentially very large (e.g., as radar sensors for vehicular application) provided that T/R module costs can be reduced significantly from the present levels. |
| SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS CO., INC.
500 West Cummings Park Suite 300 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 933-5355
Raman K. Mehra ARMY 97-052 |
| Title: | Investigation of Active Networking Components |
| Abstract: | It has long been known that different data applications have different service requirements. Active Networks offer the opportunity to provide applications and users "Service to Fit" - exact network services tailored explicitly from user and application instructions to precisely fit user and application needs. We propose to identify requirements for effective control and traffic management of distributed, multimedia, multiuser applications, , and determine how network information can be used to provide these services. We will examine both requirements of specific technologies employed by those applications and general requirements for coordinating distributed applications with the aim of abstracting general functions, commands, or features that will be benefit entire classes of applications, both those developed today and those to be developed in the future. We will then look for general methods for implementing these features and attempt to develop a set of requirements for selected application oriented Active Network features. Finally, we will examine proposed implementation methods and suggest how to use one or more of them to provide the selected Active Network features and algorithms. BENEFITS: This strategy will allow current Active Network techniques to be applied selectively where they can optimally provide demonstrated services to a new class of network and computer applications. |
| PHOTONIC SYSTEMS, INC.
1800 Penn Street, Suite 6 Melbourne, FL 32901 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 984-8181
Dr. Dennis Pape ARMY 97-053 |
| Title: | VXIbus Wide Bandwidth Real-Time Power Spectrum Analyzer |
| Abstract: | PSI will develop a new real-time parallel filter bank type spectrum analyzer which overcomes the restricted real-time bandwidth available with digital signal processing technology. PSI's wide bandwidth spectrum analyzer is implemented with proven acousto-optic (AO) signal processing technology components, where a real-time bandwidth of 2 GHz, a frequency resolution of 1 MHz, and a dynamic range of 60 dB is possible using state-of-the-art AO Bragg cells and linear photodetector arrays. By taking advantage of recent advances in miniaturization of AO spectrum analyzer components, PSI will implement the spectrometer in a VMEbus related architecture called VXI (VME extensions for Instrumentation). The complete spectrometer will be housed in a 6 slot-wide "B"size (6U X 160 mm) VXI module format. PSI will provide engineering analysis and a detailed component and system hardware implementation plan for this new VXIbus instrument. This new AO spectrometer (AOS) will complement emerging VXIbus instrumentation with a spectrum analysis capability orders of magnitude greater than that available with digital signal processing technology. With its VXIbus modular architecture, PSI's AOS will find application not only in the military but in the test and measurement equipment marketplace where it will be compatible with other VXIbus instrumentation products. BENEFITS: The VXIbus power spectrum analyzer proposed here complements emerging VXIbus instrumentation with a complete spectrum analysis capability orders of magnitude greater than that available with digital signal processing technology. Commercial applications include RF spectrum analysis for the test and measurement and scientific instrumentation marketplace. |
| DUAL, INC.
30 Skyline Drive Lake Mary, FL 32746 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 333-8880
Dr. David A. Dryer ARMY 97-054 |
| Title: | Decision Support Rendering Tools (DSRTs) for Battlespace Command and Control |
| Abstract: | Increases in information task complexity and technological capability are both driving the need for 3D tools in battlespace and other information-rich topographic domains. Dual, Incorporated (Dual) proposes research and development work to develop and assess the feasibilitv of 3D Decision Support Rendering Tool (DSRT) concepts and technology for evolving battle planning and visualization applications. DSRTs are innovative tools designed to enhance portrayal and comprehension of battlespace information through recent, scientifically-based information visualization and interaction techniques. Classes of DSRTs will portray various types of decision support information concerning battlespace missions through use of enhanced rendering algorithms inside a real-time SD environment. Intuitive DSRT sensory cues such as shape, color, shading, texture, transparency, and location will be used to represent dynamic battlespace realistic and abstract information. Dual proposes a Phase I effort to demonstrate the technical feasibility of DSRTs for battlespace visualization which sets the foundation for Phase II prototype development, software integration, and effectiveness assessments. The anticipated result of this project is a delivered embedded prototype DSRT system for the military application of battlespace planning and execution. This design will be based on theoretical and experimental graphical display research and experimentally tested for effectiveness. BENEFITS: Commercially viability is demonstrated by current positive interest and support from local transportation and land development customers concerning Dual's DSRT software applications. An initial commercial system is currently being tailored for transportation planning and commercial real estate development. Other domains which show promise for commercial application include situational awareness, law enforcement planning, environmental planning, and crisis management. |
| TELE-SYS, INC.
138 Fairbanks Rd Oak Ridge, TN 37830 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(423) 482-2140
J.F.Jamison ARMY 97-055 |
| Title: | ISDN Mode for Near-Term Digital Radio (NTDR) |
| Abstract: | Tele-SyS, Inc. proposes to develop an Integrated Systems Digital Network (ISDN) mode capable of providing rapid, reliable, and low cost digital communication links between U. S. Army Near Term Digital Radio (NTDR) stations. The goal is to permit direct communications between high-speed digital (Group 4) fax machines, television surveillance equipment, digital telephones and other ISDN equipment over the NDTR network. Tele-SyS, Inc. will use commercial software protocol stacks and evaluation hardware to minimize development efforts and ensure reliable performance. Radio frequency communications over the NTDR will utilize the ethernet port provided by the NTDR. The ISDN/NTDR interface devices to be provided by Tele-SyS, Inc. for this purpose will be called ISDN/Ethernet Conversion Modules (I/ECM's). In addition to demonstrating functional connectivity between two NTDR terminals using I/ECM's, the Phase I project will demonstrate digital data transfer and real-time full-duplex digital voice transmission. Deliverable hardware will consist of two I/SCM's, and the transmission and protocol analysis hardware which is necessary to debug problems and quantify transmission performance. Deliverable software will be the software embedded in I/SCM's. Deliverable documentation will be a user's manual to include installation instructions for the I/ECM's and operational training instructions. BENEFITS: The principal benefits of this project will be expanded functionality and improved communication reliability of the NTDR network due to use of commercial ISDN hardware. This will permit real-time audio, video, and text communication between battlefield vehicles. Commercial applications will focus on communication of ISDN equipment over existing industrial and military ethernets. |
| AUSTIN INFO SYSTEMS, INC.
301 Camp Craft Road, Suite 150 Austin, TX 78746 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 329-6667
Kathleen Lossau ARMY 97-056 |
| Title: | Object-Based C2 Visualization Workstation Architecture |
| Abstract: | The command and control (C2) architecture is currently a static client-server environment allowing applications to communicate with their data and in some cases with other applications. The C2 architecture of tomorrow needs to be more diverse, providing for distributed objects to interact with many plug-and play applications. Each platform should be capable of being dynamically configured to run applications specific to tbe task being accomplished by the soldier. The ultimate goal of the C2 architecture environment is to develop an architecture capable of running heirarch of intelligent agents that work cooperatively with the many diverse applications needed by soldiers to complete all of their C2 tasks. The architecture is flexible enough to handle current system requirements and the technology enhancements of the future. There are two essential distributed object-oriented technoligies that will make this architecture possible: CORBA and Java. CORBA provides the mechanism for accessing distributed objects and invoking their behaviors from multiple cooperating agents. Java provides new agents with a platform independent presentation of these distributed objects. BENEFITS: Successful completion of this effort provides a solid technical architecture for developing and delivering a robust framework where applications and data sources can interoperate in a plug-and-play environment. Soldiers no longer have to consider how applications input and output data, but only need to consider the application's capabilities. |
| SY TECHNOLOGY, INC.
4900 University Square, Ste. 8 Huntsville, AL 35816 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(205) 722-9095
Randall L. Lindsey ARMY 97-057 |
| Title: | Dry Etching Continuous Surface Profiles into Infrared Semiconductor Materials |
| Abstract: | Etching high-efficiency diffractive optical elements (DOES) into InSb substrates, using multiple binary masks, has proven to be problematic. This microfabrication method (sometimes called binary optics technology) is time-consuming, costly, sensitive to alignment errors, and only produces a less-than-ideal DOE. Other major problems, which appear to be unique with InSb and the multi-mask process, are polymer buildup and substrate fracturing in subsequent etch levels. Since these do not appear to be problems with a single etch process, a new process is needed which achieves fabrication of high-efficiency DOEs with only a single mask and single etch step. This proposed effort will investigate the application of gray scale mask technology to etching high-efficiency DOEs in InSb and InAs substrates. New processes appropriate for gray scale masks, including photoresist exposure/development and RIE gas chemistries will be developed. Unique new methods of fabricating gray scale masks will also be investigated. These new processes will be used to fabricate continuous profile DOEs and refractive micro-optical components in III-V semiconductors such as InSb and InAs. BENEFITS: Processes developed under this effort will greatly benefit the production of commercial FLIR and IR detector systems. Potential commercial devices could include radiation hardened focal plane arrays, laser optical limiters for night vision devices, filters and elements for advanced staring FLIR systems, high efficiency/low cost night vision illuminators and spotters, IR detectors, and various applications within the micro-machining industry. |
| CUSTOM MANUFACTURING & ENGINEERING, INC
P.O. Box 5230 Largo, FL 33779 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(813) 541-8978
Martin A. Hykin ARMY 97-058 |
| Title: | Intelligent Power Management and Distribution System for Shelters and Vehicles |
| Abstract: | In the modern electronic battlefield, the proliferation of electronic devices has increased the demands on electrical power support systems. In both commercial and DOD applications, effective management of limited electric power requires intelligent control of electrical distribution systems. An intelligent management system will take on the burden of managing electrical energy consumption, in portable field systems, freeing personnel to concentrate on mission objectives. Custom Manufacturing & Engineering will utilize wireless technology and microprocessor controlled solid state switching to develop a true "plug and play" power management system. The CHE approach will simplify and reduce the cost of installation while providing a system adaptable to many configurations. The objective of Phase I is to demonstrate the feasibility of wireless control in a solid state switching power managememt systup. Phase II will field a fully functional demonstration system. The system architecture will support manual/automatic scheduling, alarm changes. The basic system building blocks are: control function, switching and power busses. CME is currently commercializing other similar distributed microprocessor based systems used for monitoring, control and management in conjunction with the University of South Florida for commercial customers and also for Department of Energy. BENEFITS: The proposed system will provide an inexpensive strategy for deploying intelligent power management systems within the military and into new areas including office, commercial marine appplications, hospitals and health care providers, fire and police stations, educational institutions and in the entertainment industry. |
| AUSTIN INFO SYSTEMS, INC.
301 Camp Craft Road, Suite 150 Austin, TX 78746 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 329-6667
Kathleen Lossau ARMY 97-059 |
| Title: | Knowledge-Based Doctrine Tool |
| Abstract: | Soldiers using the ABCS systems do not have on-line access to doctrinal publications and context sensitive tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPS) to aid them in their mission planning process. These TTPs should support the users current task by retrieving information based on the force affiliation and situation. Doctrine, missions, policies, and strategies are some of the considerations in generating these mission and task specific TTPS. The focus of this effort is to address the knowledge representation and user interface requirements for storing, retrieving, and synthesizing information based on a specific task for a given force. Considerations during the storage, retrieval, and synthesis of the information are the force affiliation and situation. The TTPs generated support, tactical, peacekeeping, and/or humanitarian operations. This Phase I pr |