| 21ST CENTURY SYSTEMS, INCORPORATED
12152 Windsor Hall Way Herndon, VA 20170-2359 (571) 323-0080 PI: Dr. Plamen V Petrov (402) 384-9893 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA AT OMAHA
6001 Dodge Street Omaha, NE 20170 (402) 554-2286 ID#: F033-0122 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-008 Selected for Award |
| Title: Eigen-Similarity Integral (ESI) - A New Concept for Invariant Image Similarity Detection | |
| Abstract: Most of today''s precision guided weapons use Global Positioning System (GPS) signals to gain improved accuracy. But, as Operation Iraqi Freedom recently showed, foreign militaries have equipment to locally jam GPS signals. Another effective method of autonomous navigation is necessary to ensure mission success. Similar to rudimentary terrain recognition used in early cruise missiles, the matching of terrain video images with onboard digitized terrain information can be used to accurately provide a platform with effective positional awareness. The team of 21st Century Systems, Inc. and the University of Nebraska at Omaha is pleased to address the first step in achieving this worthy goal. Our proposed research focuses on developing a mathematically sound approach for image similarity detection and extraction. The project is aimed at the development of a methodology that is suitable for various military weapon system applications such as target identification and autonomous navigation of unmanned vehicles. The method is based on the Eigen-similarity of a set of image features. We call this concept the Eigen-Similarity Integral (ESI). The advantages of an ESI-based method for comparing and matching the dominant components of images include computation effectiveness, uniqueness, flexibility, and conciseness. The ability to perform a computationally effective comparison of real-time images with images or video from a library is a key enabling technology for many military and commercial activities. Militarily speaking, this capability could be used for automated target recognition, automated target tracking, and autonomous navigation for unmanned weapon systems. Certainly, a navigation or targeting system based solely on GPS is neither robust nor fault-tolerant. An ESI-based navigation system would provide that advantage. An ESI-based software application would accelerate the exploitation of intelligence and UAV camera imagery and ground moving target indicator (GMTI) video. Using the ESI-based image discerning capability of GMTI video, contextual map data, and intelligent agents, this application of our research could assist with target recognition, target tracking, and detection through clutter (i.e., trees). Many non-military applications involving video monitoring would benefit strongly from the core concept: facility and physical security, traffic monitoring, and others. Indeed, the Homeland Defense arena could make excellent use of the results of this research. | |
| ACULIGHT CORPORATION
11805 North Creek Parkway S., Suite 113 Bothell, WA 98011 (425) 482-1100 PI: Mr. Chuck Miyake (425) 482-1100 Contract #: |
MIT LINCOLN LABORATORY
224 Wood Street Lexington, MA 02420 (781) 981-7108 ID#: F033-0089 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-025 Selected for Award |
| Title: Dual use, non-cryogenic operating temperature, mid-infrared laser | |
| Abstract: Future IRCM laser transmitters are being developed based on optically pumped GaSb mid-infrared semiconductor laser, however, the current technology requires the laser to be operated at cryogenic temperature. Aculight and MIT Lincoln Laboratory propose to investigate methods to increase the operating temperature of these semiconductor lasers, which will dramatically decrease the cost of the laser transmitter by eliminating the need for a cryogenic cooler and associated vacuum dewar. The proposed mid-infrared laser technology has potential applications in spectroscopic gas sensing systems for environmental monitoring, explosive detection and industrial process monitoring sensors. | |
| ADVANCED ACOUSTIC CONCEPTS INCORPORATED
425 Oser Avenue Hauppauge, NY 11788 (631) 273-5700 PI: Dr. John Pinezich (631) 273-5700 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND
6200 Baltimore Avenue, Suite 300 Riverdale, MD 20737-1054 (301) 405-4770 ID#: F033-0061 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-006 Selected for Award |
| Title: Application of Cortical Processing Theory to Acoustical Analysis | |
| Abstract: Advanced Acoustic Concepts, Inc. (AAC) proposes to implement a computational model of human auditory processing based upon cortical theory and to demonstrate its utility to evaluate and improve systems for speech communication and automated recognition of spectro-temporal patterns. Specifically, AAC believes that unusual brain representations and processing strategies are largely responsible for the remarkable sensitivity and robustness exhibited by humans and animals in detecting and recognizing sound in nature. The models AAC intends to implement based upon biomimetic analytical and computational models have shown great promise in application to practical problems, e.g. classification of bird species using bird vocalizations. To further capture these capabilities AAC proposes to formulate higher level functional models of the auditory cortex resulting in new algorithms with enhanced stability and robustness. Improvements in error rates and detection probabilities for automatic speech recognition and acoustic identification. Speaker independent language, dialect and accent identification. New technologies for the hearing impaired, including improvements to cochlear implants. Accurate monitoring for failure prediction of artificial body parts, e.g. plastic heart valves. New and/or enhanced portable language translation devices. Novel approaches to data compression, resulting in high capacity information transmission on existing channels. Separation of noisy data into subcomponents, e.g. extracting one voice from many in a room. Computer chips that emulate human hearing. Improved diagnostic methods for machinery maintenance using acoustic emissions. | |
| ADVANCED CERAMICS RESEARCH, INC.
3292 E. Hemisphere Loop Tucson, AZ 85706-5013 (520) 573-6300 PI: Dr. Ranji Vaidyanathan (520) 434-6392 Contract #: |
RICE UNIVERSITY
Off. of Spon. Res.-MS16, P.O. Box 1892 Houston, TX 77251-1892 (713) 348-6200 ID#: F033-0346 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-018 Selected for Award |
| Title: Multi-functional nanocomposite materials with high-temperature polymer resin matrice | |
| Abstract: Composites that are reinforced with well-dispersed carbon nanotubes have been shown to improve the performance of polymers in many areas such as stiffness, heat distortion temperature, control of thermal coefficient of expansion, and corrosion resistance in extreme environments. However, much of the nanocomposite related research and development has not been directly relevant to carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites technology. In this STTR phase I program, a team consisting of Advanced Ceramics Research, Inc (ACR) and the Center for Nanocomposites at Rice University (Rice) propose to develop a novel nanocomposite system to improve the high temperature performance, electrical conductivity, and EMI shielding capabilities of carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites. The introduction of nanotubes into the composite matrix is expected to improve several properties such as interfacial shear strength, glass transition temperature as well as moisture resistance of the composite system. Commercial benefits include multifunctional composites for EMI shielding as well as high strength composites for elevated temperature use. | |
| AETION TECHNOLOGIES LLC
1275 Kinnear Road Columbus, OH 43212-1155 (614) 340-1835 PI: Dr. John Josephson (614) 975-0341 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0054 |
THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
153 Hitchcock Hall, 2070 Neil Ave. Columbus, OH 43210-1278 (614) 292-8671 ID#: F033-0241 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-006 Awarded: 8/6/2003 |
| Title: Separation of Speech from Background | |
| Abstract: Human ability to attend to a single voice in the presence of background interference is remarkable. If this could be imitated in practical technology it would be of great benefit for automatic speech recognition and other applications. Researchers at Ohio State University have demonstrated computational methods for separating speech from interfering sounds that imitate human auditory processing, and that have achieved levels of performance clearly evident to the untrained ear. Aetion Technologies will partner with Ohio State to carry this research to commercial application. Aetion is well suited to the task by reason of its technical competencies, its physical proximity to Ohio State, its official status as a University Technology Commercialization Company, and its business competencies. The effort will focus on monaural processing. An effective system for separating speech from acoustic interference would greatly facilitate many applications, including automatic speech recognition (ASR) and speaker identification. Market demand for these applications is very great; the constraint has been the availability of effective solutions. Application areas are diverse, but attenuating acoustic interference comprises only part of the solution. It is unlikely to form the basis for a business-to-consumer start-up. Aetion will seek to fully develop the capability and license it as an OEM to companies developing full applications for speech to text , speech command, and improved intelligibility for voice communications. Likely customers include such premier names as IBM, AT&T, Microsoft, Motorola, and Sony. The potential of this market is likely to attract venture capital should it be needed to fully develop the capability. | |
| AGILTRON CORPORATION
13 Henshaw Street Woburn, MA 01801-4666 (781) 933-0513 PI: Dr. Jing Zhao (781) 933-0513 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0069 |
IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY
2207 Pearson Hall, Room 15, Iowa State University Ames, IN 50011 (515) 294-5225 ID#: F033-0059 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-005 Awarded: 9/2/2003 |
| Title: Novel Biomimetic MEMS Based Infrared Sensor | |
| Abstract: This program addresses a new approach to IR imager that closely mimics biological organisms sense principals, having advantages in sensitivity, energy efficiency, reliability, and cost as compared with the competitive approaches. The innovation is based on incorporation of sensitive polymer-molecular with a highly efficient micro-machined thermal-mechanical PFA that directly converts IR image into visible image. The biomimetic material engineering holds the promise to manifold increase in the sensitivity of our established photo-thermal MEMS sensors, providing an unprecedented opportunity to produce affordable IR imager. The new miro-bolometer FPA is a real-time continuous IR sensor without the need for cooling, potentially offering high resolution that comparable to cryogenically cooled sensors. They are manufactured with low-cost large-volume processing in standard silicon or MEMS (micro-electromechanical systems) foundries, and packaged using low-cost vacuum packaging technologies. The design incorporates optical read-out, which eliminates the drawback of electronic means that inevitably introduce additional signal loss due to thermal contact made to the detector element. Moreover, the design is simple, compact, lightweight, low power consumption, rugged, and long operating life. An array of prototype device will be fabricated to demonstrate imaging in real-time in Phase I. Success in the Phase I effort will identify a viable manufacturing route for low cost solid-state dual mode imagers. These devices have a wide range of "dual use" applications, from various DoD's battlefield applications to commercial applications of fire fighting, law enforcement, industrial control, and driver's aid. | |
| AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR
Two Technology Drive Westborough, MA 01581-1727 (508) 621-4265 PI: Dr. C. L. H. Thieme (508) 621-4264 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN
Applied Superconductivity Cent, 1500 Engineering Drive Madison, WI 53706 (608) 263-1580 ID#: F033-0180 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-023 Selected for Award |
| Title: YBCO Coated Conductors with Reduced AC Losses | |
| Abstract: This Phase I Project will produce RABiTS-based YBCO CCs which are suitable for the manufacture of YBCO Coated Conductors with reduced AC losses. The improvements are based on a novel approach in the production of elements of the conductor. Anticipated AC losses will be analyzed for magnetic field and frequency conditions resembling those experienced by synchronous generator windings and air core transformers. The improved substrates and the implications of the analysis will be included in further Coated Conductor production, scale-up, process optimization and CC design in the Phase II. The proposed work will lead to significant improvements in YBCO Coated Conductors allowing usage in generators and transformers that experience relatively high magnetic fields and enhanced frequencies. | |
| APTIMA, INC.
12 Gill Street, Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801 (781) 496-2415 PI: Dr. Jared Freeman (202) 842-1548 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0067 |
UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS
408 Goodell, 140 Hicks Way Amherst, MA 01003-9272 (413) 545-0698 ID#: F033-0311 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-001 Awarded: 9/2/2003 |
| Title: Automated Diagnosis of Usability Problems Using Statistical Computational Methods | |
| Abstract: The effects of poor usability range from mere inconvenience to disaster. Human factors specialists employ usability analysis to reduce the likelihood or impact of such failures. However, good usability analysis requires usability reports that are rarely collected, rarely complete, and difficult to analyze. Aptima and the Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval (U. Mass. Amherst) have partnered to develop a usability analysis system that addresses these problems. The system will consist of (1) an interface to elicit useful usability reports in natural language, (2) a text analysis engine that classifies these reports (or existing usability reports) using a validated taxonomy, and (3) an analysis interface for analyzing individual usability reports and trends in usability problems. We will train and test the system using a very large corpus of publicly available usability reports categorized into an extension of the User Action Framework. Aptima and CIIR will deliver a report of results, a software prototype, and a corpus of manually categorized usability reports. The anticipated benefits of the proposed Usability Reports Diagnostic Tool are as follows. The proposed tool will help to collect and classify usability reports. During usability tests, the tool will facilitate the articulation of observed usability problems. The tool's automatic classifier will analyze the resulting usability reports using a text analysis algorithm and categorize them according to a classification schema (also to be developed under this project). The output will identify the problem observed, classify it by type and by cause, and allow further refine by the user. The Usability Reports Diagnostic Tool will be useful for both usability professionals within software development organizations who must generate reports for internal use and customers, and human factors or other usability professionals in customer organizations who are evaluating the usability of the products. Our solution will enable users (and observers such as usability engineers) to express usability problems in their own terms, while systematically categorizing those problems in meaningful way for designers. | |
| AUTOMATION, INTEGRATION OF INFORMATION AND SY
9834 Country Creek Way Washington Township, OH 45458 (937) 886-2448 PI: Mrs. Despina Bourbakis (937) 886-2448 Contract #: |
WRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY
3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, 201J University Hall Dayton, OH 45435-0001 (937) 775-2425 ID#: F033-0361 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-008 Selected for Award |
| Title: Detecting and Extracting Image Similarities, Differences and Target Patterns | |
| Abstract: This proposal proposes the synergistic integration of several methods for mining images, detecting, correlating and evaluating the existence of artifacts due to either hidden information or changes or target patterns or noise. The first method is based on the Pixels Flow Functions (PFF) able to detect changes in images by projecting the pixel values vertically, horizontally and diagonally. These projections create "functions" related with the average values of pixels summarized horizontally, vertically and diagonally. These functions represent image signatures. The comparison of image signatures defines differences among in images. On the changes discovered by the PFFs morphological image operations will be used for mining the differences. The second method is based on a heuristic graph model, known as Local-Global Graph (LGG), for evaluating modifications in digital images and defining patterns and determining structural associations (relationships). The LGG is based on segmentation and comparing the segments while thresholding the differences in their attributes. The third method is based on stochastic Petri-net graphs (SPNG) able to detect and describe functional relationships (formations) among the changes and patterns and provide first stage interpretation (or knowledge discovery). The next part of the methodology proposed here is the fusion of multimodal representation (visual, IR, thermal , radar) of images for more accurate detection and extraction of the right target patterns. The last part of the research approach here is the tracking and extraction of target patterns from sequences of images. First stage results of each of the first and second methods, implemented in C++, are presented as a first level proof of concept regarding the feasibility of the proposed work. The anticipated benefits from this project are tool-methodologies for: 1. Mining images and sequence of images for detecting similarities and differences 2. Detecting patterns from images and sequence of images 3. Determining time associations and formations of patterns and their relationships 4. Fusing multimodal representation of images 5. Tracking and extracting targeted patterns from sequences of images The commercial applications of the outcome of this STTR effort are: 1. Document processing 2. Handwritten recognition 3. Image understanding 4. Video Analysis 5. Biometrics based Security 6. Face Recognition 7. Biomedical Imaging 8. Biological Imaging 9. Surveillance Systems 10. etc. | |
| BIOSPECT, INC.
951 Gateway Blvd. Suite 3B South San Francisco, CA 94080-7024 (650) 952-4350 PI: Mr. Peter Foley (650) 952-4350 Contract #: |
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
Office of Sponsored Research, 651 Serra St., Room 260 Stanford, CA 94305-4125 (650) 725-0515 ID#: F033-0109 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: Hadamard Transform Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry | |
| Abstract: Multiplexed Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometers, such as the Hadamard Transform TOFMS (HT-TOFMS), show great promise in increasing MS sensitivity and spectral acquisition speed. Multiplexing the ion beam allows multiple ion packets to simultaneously coexist in the instrument flight tube, advantageously changing a pulsed TOF-MS into a continuously operating instrument. The heart of a HT-TOFMS, and the primary unique feature of the instrument, is the Beam Modulation Device (BMD). This finely spaced electrode structure spatially and temporally modulates the ion beam. The performance of the HT-TOFMS instrument is crucially dependent on the physical fidelity and electrical performance of the BMD. An example of a BMD employed in Stanford''''s HT-TOFMS is the Bradbury-Nielsen Gate (BNG). To date, BNG''''s have been fabricated by hand, and have reached the performance limits of a hand assembled approach. Biospect, in collaboration with the Zare Lab of Stanford University, shall design, simulate, and microfabricate several types of monolithic BMDs for incorporation into a field portable HT-TOFMS. Such microfabricated BMDs will improve the manufacturability, ruggedness, reliability, and measurement repeatability of HT-TOFMS instruments. Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometers with greater sensitivity and acquisition speed More readily manufacturable Multiplexed/Hadamard Transform TOF-MS Improved physical robustness (ruggedness) of a Multiplexed/Hadamard Transform TOF-MS | |
| BUSEK CO. INC.
11 Tech Circle Natick, MA 01760-1023 (508) 655-5565 PI: Dr. James Szabo (508) 655-5565 Contract #: |
WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
100 Institute Road Worcester, MA 01760-1023 (508) 831-5359 ID#: F033-0100 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-016 Selected for Award |
| Title: Compact Induced Current Hall Thruster | |
| Abstract: Conventional Hall thrusters are difficult to scale to very small sizes. The proposed concept is a new type of compact plasma accelerator that addresses these scaling issues. It resembles a Hall thruster, taking advantage of the heritage of this proven technology, but the current is driven inductively. It has the advantage of needing no cathode. While inductive coupling has been successfully demonstrated, it was forced to large planar devices. Differences in the concept proposed here will allow the thruster to scale to much smaller size. In the Phase I program, Busek Co. and our research partner Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) will analyze and model the induced current thruster using a suite of in-house plasma simulation and thruster design tools. The theoretical and practical size limits of the concept will be determined. Experiments will be performed to characterize the B-field rise time to support design of the pulsed coil and magnetic structure. At the conclusion of Phase I, the detailed design of a prototype thruster and pulse driver electronics will be prepared. In Phase II, the prototype thruster will be built and tested in existing thruster test facilities at Busek to measure and characterize the performance and further optimize the design. There will be many applications for the small, induced current thruster. Not only will this technology be useful for small spacecraft and formation flying, as currently envisioned by the Air Force, but it may also be desirable for larger thrusters for combined primary and ACS propulsion. The large planar inductive thrusters that were tested years ago had long operating life. We expect that this much smaller inductive device will have that advantage too. Because the discharge operates a high plasma density it can also find application in ion beam processing such as etching and milling. | |
| CERMET, INC.
1019 Collier Road, Suite C1 Atlanta, GA 30318 (404) 351-0005 PI: Dr. Varatharajan Rengaraj (404) 351-0005 Contract #: |
PROF. HADIS MORKO‡
Virginia Commonwealth Univ., 601 West Main St. Richmond, VA 23284-3072 (804) 827-3322 ID#: F033-0313 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: Development of ZnO spin Field Effect Transistor (FET) | |
| Abstract: The goal of this effort is to grow transition metal doped ZnO on native substrates, characterize the films, and design a prototype spin FET based on ZnO. The main objective of phase I will be to demonstrate the growth of high quality homoepitaxial this films of transition metal doped ZnO on ZNO using Cermet's MOCVD technology and in-house fabricated substrates. The quality of the films will be analyzed by X-ray, PL and DLTS. Electrical and magnetic properties will be investigated. Successful completion of Phase I will yield room temperature spintronic material based ZnO for electronic and optical applications. This proposed work provides basis for a spin FET with more efficient operation. Spin FET needs less power than a conventional FET and its efficiency is higher than the conventional FET. Defense systems, automotive, commercial aviation and commercial communications industries will benefit from this technology | |
| CERMET, INC.
1019 Collier Road, Suite C1 Atlanta, GA 30318 (404) 351-0005 PI: Dr. Varatharajan Rengaraj (404) 351-0005 Contract #: |
PROF. IAN FERGUSON
Electrical & Computer Engg., 777 Atlantic Drive NW Atlanta, GA 30332-0250 (404) 894-6922 ID#: F033-0343 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: Development of ZnO-GaN hybrid spin LED | |
| Abstract: The goal of this effort is to grow ZnO-GaN hybrid spin LED structures. Two different spin LED structures will be fabricated. Cermet, Inc and Georgia Institute of Technology will grow oxide on nitride and nitride on oxide LED structures through MOCVD. The quality of the grown structures will be characterized by X-ray, PL, CL and DLTS. Electrical and magnetic properties will be investigated. Based on the experimental results, the superior LED structure will be selected to fabricate spin LED in phase II. Successful completions of Phase I will yield ZnO-GaN hybrid spin LED structures having room temperature curie temperature. This proposed work provides basis for a hybrid spin LED. Defense systems, automotive, commercial aviation and commercial communications industries will benefit from this technology. | |
| CFD RESEARCH CORPORATION
215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805 (256) 726-4800 PI: Dr. Vladimir Kolobov (256) 726-4800 Contract #: |
OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY
231 Kaufman Hall Norfolk, VA 23529 (757) 269-5640 ID#: F033-0261 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-019 Selected for Award |
| Title: Atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma optimization for efficient generation of UV radiation and active radicals | |
| Abstract: Atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma sources are being actively developed for a variety of industrial and military applications. Many of these applications employ ultraviolet (UV) radiation or active species (radicals) generated by the plasma. The efficiency of plasma sources depends on the energy distribution of electrons which are mainly responsible for the production of radicals and excited species in the plasma and undesirable gas heating. Flexible control of the electron energy spectrum is possible in pulsed power operating regimes. The goal of this project is to optimize short-pulse, high-voltage plasma sources for efficient production of UV radiation and radicals in application to surface modification, sterilization and decontamination of temperature sensitive materials. The project will use an optimal balance of experimental research conducted at Old Dominion University and computer simulations performed at CFD Research Corporation. In phase I, we will design and optimize a pulsed power plasma source and validate the design concepts by quantitative measurements of radical concentrations, UV emission spectra and power density, and the gas temperature for various discharge conditions. In phase II, we will demonstrate the efficiency of the new plasma source for low temperature oxidation, sterilization and wettability change of materials. This research will produce novel plasma source that can be used by aerospace and biomedical industries for surface treatment of temperature sensitive materials, low temperature sterilization and decontamination. Sterilization of food and medical instruments market alone may exceed $100M per year. Commercial market for other applications is expected to be at least $10-20M per year. | |
| CFD RESEARCH CORPORATION
215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805 (256) 726-4800 PI: Mr. Matthew E. Thomas (256) 726-4800 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA-HUNTSVILLE
301 Sparkman Drive Huntsville, AL 35899 (256) 824-6000 ID#: F033-0154 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-027 Selected for Award |
| Title: Axial Pintle Controlled Constant Volume Combustion Bipropellant Pulsed Rocket Motor | |
| Abstract: Idealized analysis has shown that, for the same propellant supply pressure, higher performance can be obtained in a constant-volume combustion device than the traditional constant pressure rocket. CFDRC proposes an effort consisting of multiple levels of analysis, followed by design and testing of a rocket engine prototype that will substantiate this claim. Recent relevant experience in advanced motor controls, as well as design and testing of solid propellant motors (http://www.cfdrc.com/research/ed-pintle.html), combined with in-house analysis capabilities, make CFDRC highly qualified to pursue this research. Phase I will consist of an initial propellant screening process, followed by more detailed evaluation and component design. Propellants will include O2, N2O, NO and NO2 as oxidizers and CH4 and C3H8 as fuels. CFDRC will partner with the Univ. of Alabama in Huntsville, leveraging their experience in the testing of N2O/C3H8 rocket systems. CFDRC will then design a rocket chamber utilizing CV principles, which will then be tested at UAH. In Phase II, the R&D will focus on refining the design to fabricate and test a flight-configured upper stage motor. Participation of TRW and Atlantic Research Corporation in this effort will facilitate rapid transfer of this technology and subsequent commercialization. The design tools and test hardware will have immediate impact in Air Force and NASA sponsored in-space propulsion initiatives as well as CFDRC clients Atlantic Research, Aerojet, TRW, etc. Other applications include industrial pneumatic actuation control systems and high pressure bipropellant throttling within the marine and tactical missile industries. | |
| CLEAR SCIENCE CORP.
PO Box 233, 663 Owego Hill Road Harford, NY 13784-0233 (607) 844-9171 PI: Dr. Henry A. Carlson (607) 844-9171 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES
10920 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1200 Los Angeles, CA 90024-1406 (310) 794-0135 ID#: F033-0051 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-007 Selected for Award |
| Title: Computational Methods for Feedback Flow Controllers in Aerodynamic Applications | |
| Abstract: Clear Science Corp. and the University of California at Los Angeles propose to develop a versatile and comprehensive computational toolbox for designing feedback flow controllers in aerodynamic applications. Target objectives include separation control to manage lift and form drag, control of transition to turbulence, turbulence control to reduce skin friction drag, increase mixing, or reduce heat transfer, and control of acoustical output (noise suppression). The toolbox will be modular with interchangeable reduced-order modeling algorithms, system state estimators, and controller designs. We will leverage our team''''s work in low-dimensional modeling, balanced order reduction, stochastic estimators, standard controllers for linear systems, and advanced modeling for nonlinear systems. Phase I objectives include demonstrating a prototype of the computational toolbox. The proof-of-concept prototype will target several feedback flow control applications involving different computational domains, flow conditions, and control input-output. Reduced-order models, estimators, and controllers will be designed for each application. A second objective is formulation of a Phase II development and test plan. The Phase II plan will include development of libraries of reduced-order models, estimators, and controllers for feedback flow control. Tests will consist of CFD, controller-in-the-loop simulations to demonstrate modeling and estimation accuracy, controller robustness, and interfacing between the computational toolbox and third-party software. The commercial product to be developed is a validated computational toolbox for designing feedback flow controllers in aerospace and industrial applications. The corresponding market includes designers of aerospace, automotive, and industrial systems for which flow control is critical. Potential applications of the software include control system designs for low-drag wings on commercial aircraft, low-drag bodies in high-performance automobiles, high-lift blades in rotorcraft, low-distortion jet engine inlets, and high-mixing combustors. Interfaces between the feedback flow control toolbox, commercial CFD codes, and software like Matlab will provide the conduit for commercialization, enabling engineers to incorporate flow control into the overall design process, perform control-in-the-loop simulations, and utilize standard controller designs. | |
| COBALT SOLUTIONS, LLC
4636 New Carlisle Pike Springfield, OH 45504-3336 (937) 620-5938 PI: Dr. Stefan Siegel (719) 333-9080 Contract #: |
USAF ACADEMY, DEPT OF AERONAUTICS
HQ USAFA/DFAN, 2354 Fairchild Hall,Suite 6H27 USAF Academy, CO 80840 (719) 333-9080 ID#: F033-0159 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-007 Selected for Award |
| Title: Computational Methods for Feedback Controllers for Aerodynamics Flow Applications | |
| Abstract: A software toolbox for closed loop flow control investigations will be developed. Our proposed toolbox integrates a well tested Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solver (Cobalt) with feedback and controls specific software tools implemented in Matlab. All data exchange and output will use efficient open standard data formats to interface the results to most any commercial visualization package. This integrated software package will allow the development of feedback control algorithms from system identification through low dimensional modeling, controller design, and sensor placement all the way to controller testing on the truth model, the CFD simulation. Since all of these steps are implemented as simulation tools, a controller can be developed without the need for experimental testing during the design phase. The toolbox itself will be marketed as a product to the research and development community. It will allow researchers from the controls community to work on fluid dynamics problems, which will promote this interdisciplinary field of feedback flow control. Secondly, the existence of the toolbox as a research tool will save funding agencies money by avoiding duplicate development of software tools for different contracts. It will also improve the quality of research by providing a well tested set of tools. | |
| CORNERSTONE RESEARCH GROUP, INC.
2750 Indian Ripple Rd. Dayton, OH 45440 (937) 320-1877 PI: Dr. Tat Hung Tong (937) 320-1877 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0050 |
LIQUID CRYSTAL INSTITUTE
Kent State University, P.O. Box 5190 Kent, OH 44242 (330) 672-3827 ID#: F033-0286 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-004 Awarded: 9/1/2003 |
| Title: Conductive Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Composite For Aircraft Gap Treatment | |
| Abstract: Cornerstone Research Group, Inc. and Liquid Crystal Institute of Kent State University jointly propose to develop and demonstrate material technologies enabling conductive liquid crystalline elastomer composite for aircraft gap treatment. This program will design and experimentally characterize multiple candidate formulations to develop conductive elastomer materials tailored for this application. It will establish correlation between material synthesis and processing conditions with performance and demonstrate feasibility of employing conductive liquid crystalline elastomer as aircraft gap treatment material. The proposed conductive elastomer composite provide the means to enhance performance and improve increase service life by increasing the elasticity and reducing tendency of compression set. It will also reduce operational cost by reducing weight of the conductive filler. The proposed program will also develop processing technologies to use conducting liquid crystalline elastomer composite for field repair of gap treatment material. This suite of new technologies will address the drawbacks of conventional metal filled elastomer gap treatment materials. Operational Benefits: 1. Enhance electrical conductivity of by tailoring conducting polymer network microstructure within elastomer through liquid crystal template synthesis. 2. Reduce weight of resulting conducting elastomer and reduce operating cost 3. Enhance durability and performance by improving elasticity and reducing compression set. 4. Easily processable into final product by molding. Commercial Applications: 1. EMI shielding for wiring and electronic instruments 2. Electrostatic Dissipation in packaging and flooring materials | |
| CRAWDAD TECHNOLOGIES, L.L.C.
5412 W. Harrison Ct. Chandler, AZ 85226 (480) 705-7175 PI: Mr. Dan R. Ballard (480) 615-0159 Contract #: |
ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY
OTCL, P. O. Box 873511 Tempe, AZ 85287-3511 (480) 965-8059 ID#: F033-0063 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-011 Selected for Award |
| Title: Centering Resonance Analysis: A superior data mining algorithm for textual data streams | |
| Abstract: Crawdad Technologies, L.L.C. is an R&D firm located in Chandler, Arizona that specializes in quantitative communication analysis. Their first product Crawdad 1.0 is based on Centering Resonance Analysis (CRA; patents pending), a radical new way to model and analyze text. CRA models texts as networks, and uses sophisticated methods to perform a variety of analyses. CRA is the only text analysis approach that creates a rich, high-precision model of text, while eliminating the need for complicated semantic rules, training sets, or corpora. Further research is needed to develop Crawdad capabilities to deal with large amounts of rapidly streaming textual data, and further commercialization efforts are required to migrate to an enterprise level solution. The purpose of Phase I is to investigate CRA's ability to perform data mining of streaming news articles, under storage constraints. The final product of Phase I will be a feasibility report that will contain (a) an architectural design for Crawdad 2.0, that will operate in a environment of streaming texts (e.g. news articles, emails), (b) the storage and computational requirements associated with CRA, and (c) measures of the ability of CRA to determine text relevancy against a query criterion. The proposed research will significantly advance our knowledge of how the discourse-based approach can facilitate effective data mining and filtering in a real-time, storage-constrained environment. Phase II activities will draw from the results of Phase I research to develop Crawdad 2.0. Phase I focus on news articles will not detract from expanding the focus of Phase II, as Crawdad works equally well on different types of unstructured textual data. Phase II research will focus on issues involved with multiple languages and document types, trend analysis, statistical process control, and extension into areas such as article summarization and topic detection and tracking. In parallel with Phase II, our commercialization efforts will focus on system integration issues and scalability. Commercialization plans include collaborating with a large systems integration firm in co-marketing and beta testing via an existing agreement already in place. | |
| CYRANO SCIENCES, INC
73 N. Vinedo Avenue Pasadena, CA 91107 (626) 744-1700 PI: Mr. Timothy Burch (626) 744-1700 Contract #: |
TUFTS UNIVERSITY
Science and Technology Center, Dept of Biomedical Engineerin Medford, MA 02155 (617) 627-3251 ID#: F033-0192 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: Biomimetic Infrared Sensor Array for Real-Time Monitoring | |
| Abstract: The objective of this proposal is to develop a low cost infrared imaging array for the 3-5 micron window. Current infrared imaging sensors are optimized for the 10 micron regime which corresponds to the wavelength emitted by a warm body (e.g. human). The proposed lower wavelength regime would target hotter sources such as vehicle exhaust or other machinery indicative of human activity without requiring a human being to be present. The proposed thermal biosensor array combines technology developed by the Air Force Research Laboratory using alpha-helical coiled-coil proteins, polymer formulations and dispensing by Tufts University, with polymer composite sensors and arrays developed by Cyrano Sciences to produce high density arrays of biologically-inspired infrared sensors tuned to the 3-5 micron range. The proposed work will provide an accurate and precise thermal sensor array for imaging a key portion of the infrared spectrum. This sensing platform will enable sensor deployment in a miniature format for military use in UAVs and personal monitor equipment, industrial/commercial security applications, and as a new sensor tool for civilian law enforcement and search and rescue operations. | |
| DOMINCA
12111 Ranchitos Road, NE Albuquerque, NM 87122-2320 (505) 822-0005 PI: Dr. Nancy A. Winfree (505) 822-0005 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
McNamara Alumni Center, 200 Oak St., SE, Suite 450 Minneapolis, MN 55455 (612) 624-5599 ID#: F033-0036 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-010 Selected for Award |
| Title: Shear Stress Sensor Using Shape Memory Films | |
| Abstract: There is a need for a low profile, simple, accurate, localized, responsive sensor to measure shear stress in fluid flow. The unusual properties of the shape memory alloy Ni2MnGa suggest it could make a very sensitive sensor. In recent years, single-crystal films of this alloy have been grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy. Once released from their substrate, the films have exhibited shape memory behavior. We pursue a concept for the sensor that based on the expectation that, when sheared, the martensite in an unconstrained thin-film of single-crystal Ni2MnGa will respond in a way that induces a measurable change to its electrical resistivity. We propose to design, fabricate, and test this sensor. The proposed shear stress sensor fabricated from shape memory film has the potential of overcoming existing problems plaguing skin friction measurements in turbulence. These devices would be simple to use and easily positioned at hundreds of locations on a surface. Apart from applications for Large Eddy Simulation and accurate measurements of skin friction, such a sensor would open the way to measure full field velocity-field/wall shear stress correlations which could be implemented in active control schemes for turbulence. Theoretical models suggest that up to 50% skin friction reductions are possible if these schemes could be implemented successfully. The aircraft industry in the U.S. alone would save, in fuel costs, an estimated $250 million annually for every 2% reduction in turbulent skin friction. | |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 Downey Street Norwood, MA 02062-2612 (781) 769-9450 PI: Dr. Jane Bertone (781) 769-9450 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0060 |
CLEMSON UNIVERSITY
Office of Sponsored Programs, 300 Brackett Hall Pendleton, SC 29670-5702 (864) 656-5702 ID#: F033-0244 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-002 Awarded: 9/2/2003 |
| Title: Nanostructured Substrates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering | |
| Abstract: The proposed program aims to demonstrate nanoengineered metal surfaces which will reproducibly enhance the Raman scattering of chemical and biological agents while still providing selective detection at trace concentrations. With proven success in fielding SERS systems and published results in nanomaterials engineering, EIC Laboratories, Inc. and Clemson University are uniquely poised to collaboratively pursue this goal. Two main categories of nanoscale architecture will serve as the basis for the proposed substrates: colloidal crystal templated superstructures and self-organized arrays of engineered Ag nanocrystals, the latter under development by Clemson University. The nine month Phase I technical program goal is to evaluate the ability of these two types of nanostructured surfaces to act as reproducible SERS substrates for the detection of chemical and biological species relevant to CBW protection at low levels with a high degree of selectivity. The Phase II program will build upon the Phase I results, improving the chemical selectivity of the nanoparticles and lowering the detection limits of the substrates through surface modification. In addition, during phase II we will pursue the development of a fieldable SERS spectrometer by incorporating substrates into the modular probe of a commercial portable Raman system. SERS promises to be a universal detector for trace constituents in air and water. It will have wide applications for monitoring water supplies, sensing air pollutants, monitoring facilities for possible chemical and biological terrorism, and incorporation into air reconnaissance platforms. Further applications are anticipated for screening for disease markers and toxins in clinical samples. | |
| ELECTRODYNAMIC APPLICATIONS, INC.
P.O. Box 131460 Ann Arbor, MI 48113-1460 (734) 930-6692 PI: Dr. Jon Van Noord (734) 930-6692 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
Div of Research Devel & Admin, Room 1058; 3003 So. State St. Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1274 (734) 763-6438 ID#: F033-0354 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-016 Selected for Award |
| Title: The Use of Boron Nitride for Improved Cold-Cathode Electron Field Emission Technology | |
| Abstract: Low-power Hall thrusters offer potentially important advantages for certain military applications but issues of lifetime and efficiency degradation at lower powers are issues hindering its utilization. A factor impacting efficiency is that the state-of-the-art techniques for electron generation used for neutralization (such as hollow cathodes operating on the same propellant as the thruster) do not scale down in mass, power, and propellant consumption as readily as the miniaturized thrusters themselves. This proposal outlines a possible solution utilizing Boron Nitride (BN), a chemically inert, tough, low work-function material, for improved cold-cathode electron field emission technology. The desirable characteristics of leading electron emission materials such as molybdenum tips and Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) are well known. However, the chemical reactivity of these materials, especially carbon, in oxidizing environ-ments presents significant limitations with respect to their application in Hall thrusters and other propulsion technologies (both operational and handling factors). The propellantless nature of this approach eliminates the neutralizer as a degrading factor for efficiency and its superior material properties offer the possibility of long lifetime operation. Producing a cold-cathode emitter using boron nitride would have application across the field of electric propulsion including thrusters and tethers. It could provide a long-life emitter that would not require a propellant and could replace hollow cathodes and enable lower-power thrusters. Further developing boron nitride has applications beyond propulsion. Both phases of BN are chemically inert, highly insulating (if not doped), very good thermal conductors, and chemically stable up to high temperatures. In addition, c-BN is very hard, and can be made semiconducting by doping with n- or p-type dopants. | |
| EM PHOTONICS, INCORPORATED
102 East Main Street, Suite 204 Newark, DE 19711 (302) 456-9003 PI: Mr. Gregory P. Behrmann (302) 456-9003 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE
Electrical Engineering Dept., Evans Hall Newark, DE 19716 (302) 831-8170 ID#: F033-0352 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-021 Selected for Award |
| Title: Photonic Crystal Chip-scale Optical Networks | |
| Abstract: Abstract is unavailable. | |
| EXQUADRUM, INC
14944 Culley Court, Suite 3 Victorville, CA 92392-3947 (760) 843-8183 PI: Mr. Kevin E. Mahaffy (760) 843-8183 Contract #: |
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY
140 Research Bldg East University Park, CA 16802 (814) 863-6270 ID#: F033-0216 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-027 Selected for Award |
| Title: Electrostatic Pulse Induced Combustion (EPIC) | |
| Abstract: The proposed research effort will result in the demonstration of a fundamental new and innovative approach to pulsed propulsion. This project will build the scientific base necessary to pull together a number of innovative concepts into a very high-performance propulsion for space missions. The final system will feature very a high mass fraction and the ability to safely use known but highly energetic chemistry. The proposed technology also features a consumable vehicle structure for the space vehicle to further increase system mass fractions. The proposed project will result in significant increases in specific impulse and in mass fraction for space propulsion systems. The technology promises to have spin-off applications in thrust vector and attitude control systems. | |
| EXTREME DIAGNOSTICS, INC.
6960 Firerock Court Boulder, CO 80301-3814 (303) 514-1056 PI: Dr. Robert B. Owen (303) 530-1579 Contract #: |
VIRGINIA TECH
310 Durham Hall, Mail Code 0261 Blacksburg, VA 24061-0001 (540) 231-4709 ID#: F033-0037 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-017 Selected for Award |
| Title: MEMS-Augmented Structural Sensor (MASSpatch) for wireless health monitoring | |
| Abstract: This STTR project develops self-powered PZT sensor/actuators, MEMS temperature sensors and data transmitters, chip-sized mechanical impedance analyzers, and data processing procedures and integrates them into a self-contained structural health-monitoring package for wireless inspection of aerospace-weapons systems. The opportunity: Legacy system maintenance, the development of relatively disposable aircraft, and other pre- and post-9/11 factors are accelerating demands for structural health monitoring (SHM) to improve the reliability of aerospace-weapons systems. Improved diagnostics are needed for new construction, smart materials, aging infrastructures, and catastrophes. Current SHM sensors require power and data wiring; they do not interface readily with existing systems. Objectives: The objective is to develop, demonstrate and validate self-contained "slap-on" MASSpatch sensors that support and improve structural reliability for a wide range of existing aerospace-weapon systems. Research description and tasks: 1) develop adaptable, reliable and robust sensors; 2) develop an inexpensive chip-sized impedance analyzer; 3) develop data integration procedures that fuse information from hundreds of sensors into a few key parameters; 4) incorporate piezoelectric-based power harvesting; and 5) wirelessly integrate these hardware and software elements into a complete, self-contained SHM system. Impedance-based SHM correlates reliably with damage; demonstrating these elements on a representative Air Force structural system illustrates MASSpatch effectiveness and shows feasibility. Anticipated Air Force benefits The future of the Air Force focuses along two lines: o Maintaining legacy (aging) systems longer; and o Developing new, relatively disposable systems (unmanned air vehicles, single use systems). In both cases, the keys to successful operation are knowledge of overall current system health and the ability to predict future system health under projected operational conditions. MASSpatch provides the SHM data needed to extract and develop knowledge of both current and future system health. Potential commercial applications Commercial applications are starkly clear. Structural health monitoring is an emerging industry driven by an aging infrastructure, malicious humans, and the introduction of advanced materials. Applications include smart structures and SHM of aircraft, dams, bridges, and oil and gas facilities. Early commercialization focuses on state and Federal agencies that include the Department of Transportation, the Department of Energy, and the Department of Defense. Non-government customers include oil and gas companies, owner/operators of fire-fighting slurry bombers, dam and bridge owners, and other crucial-structure custodians. | |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451-1196 (781) 684-4242 PI: Dr. Margaret Roylance` (781) 622-5532 Contract #: |
CLEMSON UNIVERSITY
Laboratory for Nanotechnology, 657 South Mechanic St. Pendleton, SC 29670 (864) 646-9501 ID#: F033-0259 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-018 Selected for Award |
| Title: Nanoscale Intralaminar Reinforcement for Biometric Toughening of Bismalemide Composites | |
| Abstract: In this program, the Foster-Miller/Clemson University team will use single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) or carbon nanofibers as a reinforcing element promoting interlaminar shear strength and toughness in a biomimetic carbon fiber/ bismaleimide resin composite based on an insect cuticle model. The material will consist of laminae of continuous carbon fibers in a bismaleimide in place of the chitin fibers in a proteinaceous matrix found in the insect model, and high-performance carbon fillers such as SWNTs or nanofibers bridging the lamina in place of the interlaminar fibrils which provide interlaminar reinforcement in the biological composite. Foster-Miller will employ ultrasonic tape lamination to consolidate the BMI laminates, and cure according to the standard curing cycle. Cured laminates will be evaluated by measurement of the apparent short beam shear strength, and by notched and unnotched tensile testing. SWNTs used in the program will be supplied by Carbon Nanotechnologies, Inc., and surface modification will be performed by both Carbon Nanotechnologies and Clemson University. (P-030427) Anticipated Benefits Development of a technique for suppression of delamination failures in laminated composites will have significant benefits for a wide range of aerospace applications. This new family of biomimetically toughened composite materials would have many structural high performance applications, including both military and commercial. | |
| GLOBAL CONTOUR INC.
1145 Ridge Road West Rockwall, TX 75087-3111 (972) 771-4225 PI: Dr. Jaycee Chung (972) 771-4225 Contract #: |
SUNY AT BUFFALO
Suite 211, The UB Commons,, 520 Lee Entrance Amherest, NY 14228-2567 (716) 645-2977 ID#: F033-0006 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: Self-Diagnosis of Damage Criticality of Fibrous Composites Based on Multifunctional Characteristics | |
| Abstract: This STTR project is an in-situ/real-time aerospace composite structural self diagnosis (SSD) and structural health monioring (SHM) system/technique development with application of multifunctional characteristics of aerospace composite weapon system structures made of graphite-epoxy composite materials and carbon-carbon composite materials. Composite SSD and SHM are accomplished by measuring electrical resistance changes in the carbon-fiber composites that are as desgined and manufactured. Delamination and fiber breakage along with disbond are major forms of composite structural damage. Delamination causes composite laminate separation in a micropic scale, and fiber breakage causes discontinuity of carbon fibers. The delamination and fiber breakage increase electrical resistance in thickness and longitudinal primary loading directions of a composite lamainate, respectively. The electrical resistivity (normalized electrical resistance)change provides pertinent information on composite structural damage detection. The proof of concept (POC) demonstration of an electrical resistivity-based damage criticality assessment technology (for phase I) and its full-scale development (FSD) tasks (for phase II) are proposed for aerospace composite weapon systems SSD and SHM under this STTR project. The proposed technology does not require specially made third-party sensors, e.g., PZT, fiber-optic, MEMS, etc. Consequently, it aviods the parasitic effects caused by the sensors (i.e., fatigue properties degradation due to foreign object materials embeddment), and eliminates the added costs for the sensors. The proposed eletrical resistivity-based SSD and SHM system/technique can also be applicable to already fielded (currently in-service) composite weapon system structures as well as new weapon system structures to be designed and manufactured. Hence, it is cost-effective and performance-efficient. When this technology is fully developed, it can not only be applied to military weapon systems but also to commercial aerospace vehicles and civil infrasturctures. | |
| GLOBAL CONTOUR INC.
1145 Ridge Road West Rockwall, TX 75087-3111 (972) 771-4225 PI: Dr. Jaycee Howard Chung (972) 771-4225 Contract #: |
VPI & STATE UNIV. (VIRGINA TECH)
460 Turner Street, Suite 306, M/S 0170 Blacksburg, VA 24060 (540) 231-5283 ID#: F033-0010 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-017 Selected for Award |
| Title: Wireless Technology for Structural-Health Monitoring | |
| Abstract: This STTR project is to develop technology for self-powered, self-contained structural health monitoring sensor patch to estimate structural damage and transmit results, namely, "Wireless Active Structural Health Monitoring System (WASHMS)". Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is an important element in improving the reliability of aerospace weapon systems. SHM has the potential to extend the life and reduce the maintenance cost of the Air Force weapon systems. Under this STTR project, a system/technique comprised of an impedance-based and self-powered active sensor, signal telemetry device, signal process/analysis, and damage information display device/technique shall be developed. The phase I effort will be focused on developing a prototype system that incorporates the above functions into a single chip of relatively small size. The prototype will be demonstrated on a sample aircraft panel to illustrate its effectiveness. The phase II will consist of the full-scale development (FSD) of WASHMS technology for practical applications to weapon systems, and will include sub-element and component testing and demonstration. The technology developed under the phase I of this STTR project will be used for the full-scale development of the WASHMS technology for aerospace weapon systems. When the technology is fully devloped under the phase II, the system/technique will be applicable to not only aerospace weapon systems structures, but also commercial aircraft and rotorcraft, space launch vehicles, civil infrastuctures, etc. | |
| HEXAGON INTERACTIVE, INC.
6750 Wedgewood Place Los Angeles, CA 90068-3219 (323) 512-5579 PI: Mr. Joseph Miranda (818) 709-3812 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0056 |
JPL / CALTECH
4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena Los Angeles, CA 91109-8099 (818) 393-5374 ID#: F033-0008 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-022 Awarded: 9/2/2003 |
| Title: Adaptive Artificial Intelligence for Next-Generation Conflict Simulation | |
| Abstract: In an era of WMD belonging to rogue states and terrorist entities, a speedy response to attack can be too late. Fighting in new and innovative ways requires thinking in new and innovative ways. New wargaming training tools are required to assist friendly forces to be proactive and enabling potential attacks to be prevented. These tools must be able to swiftly create and assess potential threat and counter-measure scenarios. For several years, Hexagon Interactive has been developing innovative AI technology for AFOSR to automate the creation and assessment of friendly and adversarial potential Courses of Actions (COAs). The AI simulates the decision-making processes of human organizations/populations under conditions of stress and hence provides probabilistic predictions of their behavior in response to "inputs." This Phase I proposes to conduct additional research and implement it in a computer simulation called CYBERWAR XXI ready for verification and validation testing as part of a future effort. The test scenario that Hexagon has been working on since 1998 is "Near Future Iraq War." CYBERWAR XXI expands the definition of weapons system to include not only conventional but also unconventional and unorthodox "weapons systems" required in asymmetric and "operations other than war" (OOTW). Taking into account PMESII (Political, Military, Economic, Social, Infrastructure and Information), CYBERWAR XXI enables multiple players to roleplay at the strategic level, the National Command Authorities of various western alliance and middle-east nations as well as terrorist organizations. Increased use of conflict simulations in peacetime training for orders development would help officers execute the staff wargame in a more objective fashion, giving their commander a better product. Networking technology can enable commanders and staff officers to quickly link their computers for a networked conflict simulation for training and COA development. Since the product is easy to use and will run on easily accessible commercial hardware, it can be used as a training tool providing an inexpensive and easily utilized means of teaching and understanding modern strategic-operational level warfare. Such a tool will be invaluable for training personnel in the novel decision-making processes required by asymmetrical and other unconventional modes of warfare. The fully-developed Artificial Intelligence technology will also be a valuable product which will be useful to other DoD programs such as counter-terrorism. Simulations are also a critical part of modern weapons systems developments. They have many advantages, including the exploration of alternate strategies and tactics in which these "weapons systems" can be used, and the prediction of countermeasures, which may in turn be neutralized. Simulations have advantages in saving time, space, manpower and costs in the training of personnel. They can also be used by policy makers and strategists to determine alternative strategies and tactics. The AI's ability to model organizational decision-making and cascading effects will be useful in a variety of civilian and business training applications. Disaster relief planners can use the tool to simulate the effects of disasters (natural and man-made) on civilian infrastructure in order to help train decision-makers and responders to maximize the efficiency of their relief operations. Markets for the technology include the US and its allies, including friendly professional military education programs, both in residence and distance learning, as well as US and international college defense studies programs. The potential commercial market is enormous. Using the predictive AI technology in commercial products designed to help corporations analyze their management decision-making processes will make them more efficient and to help them get inside the decision-making loop of competitors. Businesses will be able to simulate areas of management through the advanced AI autonomous agents in order to predict how best to organize and manage their resources. The engine will also be available for license to create entertainment and business strategy games that are currently unavailable in the commercial market. Last year, this represented a 6.9 billion dollar market. | |
| HPS SIMULATIONS
PO Box 3245 Santa Clara, CA 95055-3245 (408) 554-8381 PI: Mr. Scott Hamilton (408) 241-6886 Contract #: |
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
Stanford Univeristy, Green Library Stanford, CA 94305-6004 (650) 725-1068 ID#: F033-0088 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-022 Selected for Award |
| Title: Adaptive Artificial Intelligence for Next-Generation Conflict Simulation | |
| Abstract: Computer wargames and combat simulation software has reached a very high level of comprehensiveness and sophistication in terms of modeling fidelity and the production of accurate results. However, the development of AI (artificial intelligence) for these software packages has lagged due to the inherent difficulties in interpreting and managing increasingly complex situations. At the same time, however, the increased complexity of the game system makes a reasonably competent and challenging AI more important than ever, principally becasue it makes operating the game much more difficult for human players. Thus, in order for the program to be accessible, let alone fun and enjoyable, requires that the AI be capable of "assisting" the player in a wide range of situations. Competent AI also serves the function of being able to provide users of the software with an effective training and learning tool. By being able to act like a live human opponent, players can see the results or their actions and strategies in a much more realistic "real-world" environment, without requiring the time, potential inconvenience or personnel investment required in a multi-human player situation. The primary benefits of the proposed AI improvements will be that existing and future combat simulations and computer wargames will be more accurate in terms of friendly and enemy force actions, will offer more challenges to players, and will also be more enjoyable to play. All of which will increase the overall use of the software in whatever professional capacity it is used, be it as a training tool, an evaluation platform for weapons system or tactics development, or even as a information device to showcase the effectiveness of new technologies. The commercial benefits from developing an impoved AI along the lines of this proposal are that computer games will become more enjoyable to play, increasing sales, as well as offering developers the opportunity to easily and quickly adjust computer AI models for specific situations without having to rewrite significant portions of the AI modeling code. For example, by devising and adjusting a set of standard AI "customization values", the differences in the decisions between German, US or Soviet commanders in World War II can be reflected, resulting in a better game with much less game development time than is currently required. | |
| HYPER TECH RESEARCH INC.
110 E. Canal St. Troy, OH 45373 (937) 332-0348 PI: Mr. Michael Tomsic (937) 332-0348 Contract #: |
OHIO STATE UNIV. RESEARCH FOUNDATIO
1960 Kenny Rd. Columbus, OH 43210 (614) 292-4903 ID#: F033-0130 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-023 Selected for Award |
| Title: LOW AC LOSS YBCO CONDUCTORS FOR TRANSFORMER APPLICATIONS | |
| Abstract: The Air Force has recognized that the use of high temperature superconductors offers a great opportunity to reduce the weight and size of airborne power systems. There are several emerging airborne systems that will require large amounts of electrical power while placing severe limitations on the size and weight of the equipment needed to generate and deliver this electrical power. This proposed effort aims to both determine and minimize AC losses experienced by high temperature superconductors in airborne transformer applications. In particular we will address the case where the conductor is exposed to fields where it is possible to constrain a high fraction of the field to lie along the direction parallel to the wide direction of the tape. An example of this kind of application is the air-core transformer. The development of lower AC loss high temperature superconductors will benefit commercial power utility applications such as transformers, transmission cables, generators and motors | |
| IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
125 Tech Park Drive Rochester, NY 14623-2438 (585) 424-1990 PI: Dr. Michael J. Roemer (585) 424-1990 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON
300 College Park Dayton, OH 45469-0102 (937) 229-2919 ID#: F033-0126 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: Self-Diagnosis of Damage Criticality of Fibrous Composites Based on Multifunctional Characteristics | |
| Abstract: Impact Technologies has teamed with the University of Dayton Research Institute (UDRI) and Professor William Curtin from Brown University to develop an autonomous damage detection, classification, and prognostic system for carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) structures. The proposed approach fuses data and information from a set of optimally placed electrodes and associated electro-mechanical models that recognize the quantitative relationships between specific CFRP damage types, sizes and location produced by the electrical resistivity signatures. The proposed workscope will be achieved through a series of well-designed tests that introduce known damage (in terms of type, size and location) in the CFRP laminates that will then be correlated with the measured electrode signatures. The electrode grid pattern will be optimally designed for best observation and reliability to provide isolation for the various damage types and severities. A full investigation on the role that the electrode lead and sensing array geometries have on the measured electrical response to known internal damage will also be performed. Based on the implementation of the chosen design grid, electrode measurements will be processed with a combination of damage detection and isolation techniques, including neural networks and stochastic classifiers, to detect and isolate all damage types. Additionally, a coupled micro-electromechanical model will guide the geometrical arrangement and spatial separation used to attain the appropriate damage mapping. At the end of Phase I, our team will demonstrate a verified, electro-mechanical model and autonomous damage detection/isolation software that directly relates changes in electrical resistance to the mechanical and damage state of a CFRP laminate as a function of the laminate structure, orientation, loading, interfacial bonding between laminates, and internal anisotropic resistance. Data generated from the experimental program will be used as inputs to the theoretical models for analysis and validation. With the successful developments and implementation of this proposed technology, it is strongly anticipated that the prototype CFPR fault detection and classification system will be developed for specific USAF aerostructures. In addition, based on the adaptable nature of the CFPR fault detection/classification architecture, the developed modules can be adapted for use on other composite structures used in variety of commercial or DoD applications. Examples of key industrial customers that could benefit through use of the developed CFPR technologies include; commercial airlines, OEM airframers such as Boeing, Lockheed Martin and Northrop Grumman, as well as various robotic and unmanned vehicle applications just to name a few. | |
| INFORMATION EXTRACTION & TRANSPORT, INC.
1911 N. Ft. Myer Drive, Suite 600 Arlington, VA 22209 (703) 841-3500 PI: Dr. Ed Wright (703) 841-3500 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS
Office of Grants & Contracts, 408 Goodell Building Amherst, MA 01003-9272 (413) 545-0675 ID#: F033-0238 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-022 Selected for Award |
| Title: Adaptive Artificial Intelligence for Next-Generation Conflict Simulation | |
| Abstract: Existing turn-based strategy war games have the potential to act as useful military training tools. However, their utility is greatly limited by the shortfalls of the artificial intelligence (AI) routines used to provide computer opponents. The key limitation in state-of the-art AI used in commercial wargames is the inability of the computer to perform situation assessment - to recognize the human player's tactics and strategy. Information Extraction and Transport, Inc. (IET) will develop a sophisticated architecture for automated situation assessment as part of a powerful and adaptive AI engine for commercial wargames. This capability will be implemented as a system of intelligent agents that collaborate using a Bayesian Blackboard. A number of decision theoretic models will be enabled that provide computer opponents the capability to effectively simulate a wide range of behaviors that translate into greatly varying tactics, actions, and strategies. Genetic algorithms and Bayesian learning methods will be explored for purposes of creating a strategist that is capable of adapting to changes in opponent strategy and responding agilely when the human locates weaknesses in the computer-generated strategies. This research will result in a capability to provide an adaptive AI engine for commercial wargames. There is an immediate application to commercial wargame designers and consumers of commercial wargames. This includes military training institutions that use commercial wargames to supplement formal strategic and operational planning. There is additional potential for sales to DoD contractors developing military simulations for US or allied military training. Finally, the AI engine developed by this research will provide a testbed for advanced tactical fusion research | |
| INNOVATIVE SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS, INC.
2766 Indian Ripple Rd Dayton, OH 45440-3638 (937) 429-4980 PI: Dr. Sivaram P. Gogineni (937) 255-2432 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0055 |
UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME
111 Eck Center Notre Dame, IN 46556 (574) 631-3261 ID#: F033-0195 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-013 Awarded: 9/2/2003 |
| Title: High-Bandwidth High-Resolution Sensor for Hypersonic Flows | |
| Abstract: We propose to develop a miniature a.c. driven, weakly-ionized plasma anemometer for measurements at hypersonic Mach numbers. The design will be based on earlier work by Vrebalovich (1954) who developed an a.c. glow-discharge anemometer and demonstrated its sensitivity to mean and dynamic mass-flux variations for Mach numbers between 1.3 and 4. The advantages of the plasma anemometer are that it requires no frequency compensation up to its a.c. carrier frequency, has an amplitude modulated output that has excellent common-mode rejection with a signal-to-noise that is much better than a hot-wire, is robust with no sensor elements to break, can have a small spatial volume, and is insensitive to temperature variations making calibration easier than thermal-based sensors. The Phase I effort will consist of designing and fabricating the plasma probe and electronics, bench testing to determine its durability over time, calibration of the sensor output with respect to mean and rms mass flux variations, and determining its frequency response limits. This work will utilize facilities in the Notre Dame Center for Flow Physics and Control, including a heated compressible Mach number jet, and a tri-sonic wind tunnel. If time permits during Phase I, or otherwise in a Phase II effort, we would also plan to use the AFRL Hypersonic Facility for further assessment and calibration. This work will be a natural outgrowth of our extensive experience in developing plasma actuators for flow control applications, which rely on the same physics as the plasma anemometer, and in the calibration and use of sensors in high Mach number flows. Research performed during Phase 1 and Phase II study will result in the development of flow control devices, flow measurement instrumentation especially the high-resolution sensor for hypersonic flows, and a database for the understanding of hypersonic flow phenomena. Weakly ionized plasmas have shown great promise as flow control devices. This research will allow us to quantify their use as a sensor. The implication of this is that the same plasma device can be used to simultaneously operate as an actuator and sensor. No other actuator or sensor has this dual capability. This would allow compact packaging of actuators/sensors for feedback control that would be unprecedented in flow-control applications. The developed hardware and software will also have commercial applications to civilian space launch and high-speed vehicles. The proposed approach in implementing state-of-the art instrumentation for hypersonic flows will significantly advance the understanding of hypersonic aerodynamics. The research and instrumentation developed under the current STTR program will be extended to application in high-enthalpy hypersonic ground-test facilities and possible bio-medical applications. | |
| INNOVATIVE SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS, INC.
2766 Indian Ripple Rd Dayton, OH 45440-3638 (937) 429-4980 PI: Dr. Peter Bletzinger (937) 255-2923 Contract #: |
STEVENS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Castle Point on Hudson Hoboken, NJ 07030 (201) 216-5671 ID#: F033-0118 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-019 Selected for Award |
| Title: High Flux Radical and Ultraviolet (UV) Generation by Atmospheric Pressure Nonequilibrium Plasmas. | |
| Abstract: Plasmas have found wide application as sources of reactive radicals and ions for materials processing and treatment of flue gases. Operation at atmospheric pressure obviates the need for a vacuum system. Of the available types of plasma source used to dissociate molecular gases at atmospheric pressure are arc discharges, which operate at neutral gas temperatures of up to 10,000 K; corona and dielectric barrier discharges have cooler neutral gas temperatures and are used with larger gas volumes in conventional operating modes. More recently, discharges with a high percentage of a background gas such as helium were successfully operated at atmospheric pressure and under non-equilibrium conditions, producing radicals at low neutral gas temperature. Stevens Institute of Technology and ISSI propose to investigate discharge configurations and excitation schemes to obtain maximum radical production and UV radiation intensity generation without a large amount of background gas. Possible configurations include dielectric barrier discharges with high rep-rate short pulsed excitation and operating with high peak-power, and under highly nonequilibrium conditions, resulting in low neutral gas temperature. Methods will be developed to accurately assess production efficiency of radicals of interest, UV intensity and spectral distribution and neutral gas temperature. During a subsequent Phase II program various plasma sources and excitation methods will be evaluated and optimized and tested. Successful development of an efficient radical and UV sources operating at atmospheric pressure and low gas temperature will have a multitude of commercial potential. The commercial products foreseen from this SBIR Program are the development of plasma sources for radicals and UV radiation used in material processing, decontamination, and sterilization. Such sources can be used for aerospace and biomedical temperature sensitive materials surface property modification, low temperature decontamination and sterilization, replacing the use of ethylene oxide, formaldehyde and other carcinogenic materials. | |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 (301) 294-5215 PI: Dr. Chiman Kwan (301) 294-5238 Contract #: |
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY
411E Earth Engineering Science, Bldg., University Park, PA 16802 (814) 863-8026 ID#: F033-0138 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: A Novel Self-diagnosis Approach to Nondestructive Inspection of Composite Structures | |
| Abstract: High strength and low weight composite materials have been widely used in many critical, high-value military systems. The military environment is very harsh due to large changes in temperature, pressure, and loading conditions. As a result, delamination, fiber breakages, matrix cracks, disbonds, and other failures creep in once the system is in service for some time. Conventional methods are either costly and bulky, or have the potential to weaken the structure. Here we propose a novel system to detect and classify faults in composite structures. The system combines novel sensing ideas called Electric Resistance Change Method (ERCM) and a robust software for fault diagnosis. In the ERCM, we use the intrinsic resistance property of the composite materials. On the surface of composite structures, multiple thin (0.02 mm) and extremely light weight copper foil electrodes are mounted to measure the resistance. This approach has several key advantages: 1) embedded sensing; 2) applicable to new and existing structures; 3) no strength reduction; 4) able to detect delamination, matrix crack, etc. without loading, and 5) low cost and portable. The second element of the system is an automatic fault diagnosis tool, which consists of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ). The proposed composite component failure diagnosis system is novel by itself and will have many practical applications in other structural diagnostics applications. The system combines latest development in sensor technology with most recent theories in neural networks to detect and classify composite failures and hence will provide valuable information that could save costs and will also help to make structures safe. The system has low computation burden and hence is suitable for real-time applications. An automatic tool for diagnosis will be very useful for structural integrity applications. We expect the market for this system will be at least 50 million. | |
| INTERDISCIPLINARY CONSULTING CORPORATION
5004 NW 60th Terrace Gainesville, FL 32653 (352) 682-6002 PI: Dr. Mark Sheplak (352) 682-6002 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
231 Aerospace Building, PO Box 116250 Gainesville, FL 32611-6250 (352) 392-4943 ID#: F033-0248 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-013 Selected for Award |
| Title: A MEMS Floating Element Shear Stress Sensor for Hypersonic Flows | |
| Abstract: The ultimate goal of the proposed project is to develop and implement a robust, high-bandwidth, high-resolution, silicon micromachined piezoresistive floating element shear-stress sensor possessing through-wafer backside electrical contacts for the measurement of unsteady hypersonic flow phenomena. The measurement of wall shear stress is critical to the understanding of shock-wave/boundary layer interactions which directly influence critical vehicle characteristics such as lift, drag, and propulsion efficiency. Unfortunately the time-accurate, continuous, direct measurement of fluctuating wall shear stress is currently not possible and the realization of this capability inhibits hypersonic vehicle. To achieve our objectives, we will utilize innovative fabrication techniques and multidisciplinary optimization to realize an instrumentation-grade wall-shear stress sensor. In Phase I, we will develop a novel, lateral ion-implanted, piezoresistive floating element sensor possessing a bandwidth and a spatial resolution. Once developed, this technology will be demonstrated in a bench-top experimental simulation of an unsteady hypersonic flow. In Phase II, we will employ an integrated-circuit compatible manufacturing process yielding a device possessing electronic through-wafer backside contracts resulting in a robust flush-mounted, direct wall shear stress sensor with the electrical leads and wire bonds hidden from the flow. This sensor will then be demonstrated in a typical "cold-flow" hypersonic facility. The ultimate goal of the proposed project is to develop and implement a robust, high-bandwidth, high-resolution, silicon micromachined piezoresistive floating element shear-stress sensor possessing through-wafer backside electrical contacts for the measurement of unsteady hypersonic flow phenomena. The ability to directly measure the time-resolved magnitude and direction of mean and fluctuating wall shear stress with a spatial resolution on the order of one millimeter or less currently does not exist in any speed regime. If successful, this STTR will result in the commercial availability of instrumentation-grade, miniature sensors that will greatly extend the spatial and temporal resolution capabilities of existing devices as well as the overall accuracy of skin friction measurement technology all speed regimes. Once an optimized sensor design and packaging scheme have been defined, strategies for volume production and packaging of the sensors will be investigated using commercial chip foundries. Transferring the sensor fabrication sequence from a low-volume University research environment to a high-volume commercial platform is essential for the commercialization of a high-quality, reliable device. We expect a varied set of commercial applications for the sensor technologies that we hope to prove feasible in this Phase I effort and further develop in Phase II. The natural consumers for this technology are researchers and engineers in aerospace companies and government agencies involved in all aspects of thermal-fluid applications. In addition, the sensors may also be useful in fundamental fluid mechanics and biofluids research. The sensors may also find utility in the area of industrial processing as feedback control sensors for polymer extruders. | |
| INTERNATIONAL FRONTIER SCIENCE ORGANIZATION
1890 SUTTER STREET, # 204 SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94115-3260 (415) 922-5776 PI: Dr. VLADIMIR POPONIN (415) 922-5776 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0058 |
CLEMSON UNIVERSITY DPT OF CHEMISTRY
PO Box 340973, Hunter Laboratories Clemson,, SC 29634-0973 (864) 656-2339 ID#: F033-0203 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-002 Awarded: 9/2/2003 |
| Title: Detection of Molecular and Biomolecular Species by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering | |
| Abstract: IFSO in collaboration with Clemson University, SC proposes to develop an innovative optical sensor based on new types of SERS substrates, providing an extraordinarily high sensitivity and reproducibility in detection of traces of biological molecules. At Phase I two types of Raman enhancing substrates will be fabricated, characterized and optimized. First Raman enhancing substrate will employ original technology of formation of a new type of surfaces comprising array of micro-cavities with inner parts covered by nanoparticles of the Au and/or Ag. The enhancement of Raman signal is due to both high specific areas of micro-cavities and to nano-sized protrusions on the inner surface of each cavity. The second type of Raman enhancing substrate is based on polyvinilpyridine (PVP) films with array of silver nanoparticles imbedded into it. The proposed two technologies are expected to produce Raman signal enhancing plates allowing reliable detection of extremely small concentrations of analyte molecules approaching single molecule level. The suggested fabrication process can be quickly commercialized. At Phase II the prototype of miniature optical sensor employing developed on Phase I SERS substrates and miniature Raman spectrometer will be assembled and tested for detection a wide range of analyte molecules and biomolecules including DNA. In addition to immediate military application the proposed Raman plate is an excellent product for several important commercial markets including chemical and food industry, environmental monitoring, anti-terrorist protection, biotechnology and medical applications. | |
| JOHN TILLER
142 Sarah Hughes Dr Madison, AL 35758-1094 (256) 461-8652 PI: Dr. John Tiller (256) 461-8652 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA-HUNTSVILLE
301 Sparkman Dr Huntsville, AL 35899 (256) 824-2656 ID#: F033-0013 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-022 Selected for Award |
| Title: Adaptive Artificial Intelligence for Next-Generation Conflict Simulation | |
| Abstract: This proposal is for the design and development of a challenging, adaptable, and extendible A/I system for use in state-of-the-art computer-based wargames. The development will result in a 3rd generation computer wargame based on modern air power conflict and the ability to apply the technology developed for this project in other wargames ranging from tactical ground-based warfare to naval conflict and others. The approach will use state-of-the-art A/I technologies programmed into A/I components which through well-defined interfaces will allow for a plug-and-play A/I system. This will provide for unlimited future development and enhancement. The results of this proposal can be used in numerous commercial wargames either released by the proposer or under development. It will enhance and improve the commercial potential of these games and result in higher sales and revenue. On the military side, the results of this proposal will provide a highly flexible and extensible AI for military training and planning. Both the military student and the military planner will benefit from the more challenging A/I opponent developed from this proposal. | |
| KAUFMAN & ROBINSON, INC.
1306 Blue Spruce Drive, Unit A Fort Collins, CO 80524-2067 (970) 221-5026 PI: Dr. Viacheslav Zhurin (970) 407-0167 Contract #: |
TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY
Center for Pulsed and Power El, Department of Electrical and Lubbock, TX 79409-3102 (806) 742-0526 ID#: F033-0310 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-016 Selected for Award |
| Title: Next Generation Hall effect Thruster Concepts | |
| Abstract: The purpose of this proposal is the research and development of low power (about 100 W) close-drift thruster with improved magnetic field. The patented design of the magnetic field makes possible to dramatically reduce the permissible size of a conventional stationary plasma thruster (SPT) that is limited by magnetic saturation of the inner magnetic path. The thruster with our improved magnetic field has a 20 mm outside diameter for the discharge channel and an overall diameter of 47 mm. The thruster''s mass is less than 150 g with an electromagnetic coil, and it could be reduced to 100 g with a permanent magnet configuration. Thruster efficiency is higher than 0.35 with a specific impulse of 1860-1290 sec. Thruster operates on xenon with discharge voltage of 150-350 V. The technology generated in the research and development should have applications in commercial ion sources used in a variety of thin-film industry. | |
| KNOWLEDGE ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC.
4940 Pearl East Circle, Suite 200 Boulder, CO 80301 (303) 545-9092 PI: Dr. Darrell Laham (303) 545-9092 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0046 |
VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
306 Collegiate Square, 460 Turner Street Blacksburg, VA 24060 (540) 231-5281 ID#: F033-0047 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-001 Awarded: 9/1/2003 |
| Title: The Software Therapist: Usability Problem Diagnosis through Latent Semantic Analysis | |
| Abstract: Knowledge Analysis Technologies (K-A-T) and Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) will partner to fulfill this Research and Development effort. We propose an unprecedented suite of Usability Engineering software tools to be built upon the conceptual foundation of Virginia Tech''s User Action Framework (UAF). We will use K-A-T''s proprietary Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) methods and software tools in Phase I to validate and refine the UAF. We will also use LSA as the underlying analysis engine for the software tools, which will provide support for usability problem extraction, analysis, diagnosis, plus links to related literature and prescriptive solutions. Tool prototypes will be developed in Phase I; commercial grade development of the suite is proposed for Phase II. The major research thrust of Phase I is exploration of LSA techniques for free text analysis, trained on the literature of Usability Engineering and a significant library of usability problem reports, to validate and tune the taxonomic structure and content of the UAF. Because no standardized vocabulary exists for usability engineering, simple keyword methods cannot reliably classify problem reports. In contrast, LSA can provide highly reliable measures of semantic similarity between texts even when there is no keyword overlap. Phase I will deliver an improved and validated UAF as well as specifications and prototypes for the Usability Engineering tools proposed for Phase II. The potential benefits of both deliverables are immense. The HCI field is in dire need of such a toolset for both practitioners and students. Software developers in commercial, government, military and academic settings are spending significant dollars in usability testing. However, the field lacks strong tools to link discovered problems with known solutions. The UAF provides the theoretical and conceptual basis for an engineering support system that will classify a dynamic and growing database of "Lessons Learned" usability problems and solutions. LSA provides an intelligent information discovery and retrieval system that will allow both novice and expert usability engineers to succeed in extracting appropriate solutions and knowledge from the database. The return on investment in this software for both (1) engineer time savings in solving specific problems and (2) institutional development of the knowledge base will be very significant. We anticipate a market for this product from software development organizations (commercial and government) as well as from academic programs for HCI and usability engineering. | |
| KOO & ASSOCIATES INTERNATIONAL, INC.
6402 Needham Lane Austin, TX 78739-1510 (512) 301-4170 PI: Dr. Joseph H. Koo (512) 301-4170 Contract #: |
TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY
Dept. of Mechanical Engr., TAMU 3123 College Station, TX 77843-3123 (512) 589-4170 ID#: F033-0009 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-018 Selected for Award |
| Title: Nanocomposites for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites | |
| Abstract: Carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites (CPMC) are high performance materials used in aerospace/aircraft structures, advance marine vessels, and other applications. These materials are based on multifunctional epoxy, BMI, cyanate esters, and polyimides. Improvements in CPMC properties are desirable for more demanding applications. Enhanced improvement of epoxy resins in temperature performance, mechanical properties, damage resistance, environment corrosion resistance, and dimensional control will be obtained by developing a nanophase within the epoxy resin and then combining with carbon fiber to form nanocomposite CPMC. The KAI/Texas A&M University team with Cytec Engineered Materials proposes to examine three nanoparticles: surface modified montmorillonite clay, amino surface modified carbon nanofibers, and surface modified nanosilica. High shear processing will be used to uniformly disperse the nanoparticles into each of the epoxy resin components: epoxy resin, hardener, and toughening agent. Wide angle X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy will be used to determine the degree of dispersion of these nanoparticles in the epoxy components and in the final cured epoxy system. Anticipated viscosity increases due to the addition of nanoparticles will be alleviated by using low viscosity reactive diluents functioning as coupling agents (tethering agents), or volatile solvent which is removed during fabric impregnation. 1) Improved heat resistance and high strength of the newly developed nano modified CPMC for extreme performance demands of military aircraft with stealth capabilities. 2) Higher strength, higher heat resistant, damage tolerant epoxy system that has excellent hot wet strength with overall properties approaching BMI resins. 3) Robust processing of the newly developed nano modified CPMC materials using filament winding/fiber placement, RTM, prepreg, and hand lay up/autoclave cure. 4) Favorable economics of the nano modified CPMC as compared to other high heat resistant resins such as BMI, cyanate esters, and polyimides. | |
| LONG ELECTROMAGNETICS, INC.
44 Terraceview Drive Mt. Lebanon, PA 15243 (412) 268-4899 PI: Mr. Lawrence J. Long (412) 268-4899 Contract #: |
LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABS
P O Box 1663 Los Alamos, NM 87554 (505) 663-5562 ID#: F033-0296 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-023 Selected for Award |
| Title: Alternating Current (AC) Losses Associated with High Temperature Superconductors | |
| Abstract: Because on their high current carrying capacity in large magnetic fields, biaxially oriented superconducting films (coated superconductors) are the only superconducting materials that offer the possibility of operating in power applications at liquid-nitrogen temperatures in AC fields. Their use is predicated on the assumption that ac losses in these materials can be reduced to a very low level. To do so requires the use of innovative conductor geometries. Present superconductor loss theory is inadequate for predicting the loss in coated superconductors with these geometries under realistic conditions found in generators and transformers. New loss theory is required. This Phase I program will develop new ac loss models for coated superconductors. The program will: (a) extend ac loss theory to apply to coated conductors, (b) develop practical conductor geometries which minimize ac losses under conditions which exist in generators and transformers, (c) investigate generator and transformer designs which best take advantage of coated conductors, and (d) prepare a test plan for a Phase II demonstration of loss prediction and conductor performance in a short sample of YBCO and in a USAF generator presently under construction. The advanced ac loss models developed in this Phase I program and the novel new HTS coated superconductor geometries developed to minimize the combined transport current and applied magnetic field losses in these new conductors will allow us to determine if coated conductors can function at high temperatures in emerging AC hardware. The development of these analytical models and conductor geometries will be essential to the successful application of these HTS conductors to the lightweight generators and transformers that are needed for military (and ultimately commercial) applications of superconducting hardware. | |
| LYTEK CORPORATION
4717 E. Hilton Ave Phoenix, AZ 85034-6404 (480) 829-0300 PI: Dr. Martin Adamcyk (480) 829-0300 Contract #: |
MASSACHUSETTS INST. OF TECHNOLOGY
77 Massachusetts Ave, 36-465, Electrical Eng & Computer Sci Cambridge, MA 02139-4307 (617) 253-1573 ID#: F033-0186 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-024 Selected for Award |
| Title: Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers | |
| Abstract: Terahertz frequencies are promising for spectroscopy in chemistry and biology, astrophysics, plasma diagnostics, remote atmospheric sensing and imaging, noninvasive inspection of semiconductor wafers, and free-space communications. We propose to develop high temperature and high power THz quantum cascade lasers operating at various frequencies, with the developed design, growth, processing and packaging technology to be transferred to Lytek for commercialization. The MIT team will be in charge of the design of THz laser structures and will carry out detailed theoretical modeling of the active region and the optical waveguide. The structures will be grown either by Lytek or Sandia National Lab and will be processed and tested at MIT. Lytek will explore the use of newly developed MBE growth technology to improve the device performance. Potential applications include spectroscopy and sensing applications such as detection of trace gas molecules contained in the effluent of high explosives, space-based and short-range terrestrial or near earth communications, atmospheric sensing, collision avoidance for aircraft and ground vehicles, and near object observation. | |
| MAGNOLIA OPTICAL TECHNOLOGIES,INC.
52-B Cummings Park, Suite 314 Woburn, MA 01801 (781) 503-1200 PI: Mr. James Egerton (781) 503-1200 Contract #: |
NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
Dept. of Material Science Engg, North Carolina State Univ. Raleigh, NC 27695-7907 (919) 515-3272 ID#: F033-0176 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: High Performance ZnO Spintronic devices (Laser and Resonant Tunneling Diodes) With High Switching Speeds and Frequencies | |
| Abstract: Zinc Oxide has emerged as a key semiconductor that will have a broad range of applications in Opto-electronic and Spintronic devices. ZnO has a large band gap and has potential applications in Light Emitting Diodes (LED). Room temperature ferromagnetism in ZnO has the promise of building Spintronic devices such as laser and resonant tunneling diodes with high switching speeds and frequencies. Some of the key technical challenges include growth of ZnO with p doping. There has been recent success with Nitrogen doping. Magnolia Optical technologies and its team proposes to develop a reliable p-type doping process using Nitrogen as the dopant in MOCVD grown epitaxial films. MOCVD is a better choice then because it is possible to create hetero-junctions and quantum nano-structures in a reproducible manner. These structures are necessary for optimizing UV laser diode performance by device design to maximize excitonic recombination. The Magnolia plans to evaluate Nitrogen incorporation and subsequent annealing. The MgZnO material system has several advantages over other competing material technologies, the availability of a latticed matched ZnO substrate, which enables defect density reduction, and carrier control of doped MgZnO films. Magnolia anticipates that Blue Laser Diodes are a growth segment in optoelectronics. MgZnO has the potential of being three time brighter then GaN. In addition, once the development of p-type doping is mature, MgZnO devices have the potential to be lower cost then GaN devices. It is anticipated that this material can be processed in a true dual use fabrication facility. The advantages are obvious, military systems will benefit from the economies of scale of commercial uses. ZnO blue light emitters will be used in millions of outside large display screens. Other applications include color scanner (FAX, Color copiers, large TV displays and of course optical Storage. Some of the future applications include DVD optical storage based on blue light. This will be a large application and market for ZnO blue emitter devices. Current Technology results in a spot size of 800 nm, blue light will cut the spot size to equal of less then 450nm. The will have a major impact on data density storage market. At the current time GaN blue lasers are very expensive for this application. For current volume, the unit product cost is in excess of $2000 per unit. This is due to the low yield that is currently obtainable with GaN materials technology. The use of lattice matched substrates using ZnO, we anticipate much higher yields due to lower defect densities and therefore lower unit product costs. | |
| METIS DESIGN CORPORATION
46 Second St. Cambridge, MA 02141 (617) 661-5616 PI: Dr. Seth S. Kessler (617) 661-5616 Contract #: |
MIT
77 Massachusetts Av, bldg 8-109 Cambridge, MA 02139 (617) 253-3487 ID#: F033-0227 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-017 Selected for Award |
| Title: Intelligent Multi-Sensing Structural Health Monitoring Infrastructure | |
| Abstract: Structural health monitoring (SHM) is an emerging technology leading to the development of systems capable of continuously monitoring structures for damage, with minimal human intervention. There are several components required to design a successful SHM system, including sensors, communication and power systems. Current SHM efforts have focused mainly on sensing methods for damage detection, however the infrastructure needed to employ these methods has not been sufficiently addressed. In response to this STIR solicitation for wireless SHM sensor technology, Metis Design, with the help of MicroStrain, MIT, and the Air Force Research Laboratory at Hill AFB, plan to develop of each appropriate component to meet SHM system requirements, and integrate them into an operational prototype. During previous research at MDC, optimal piezoelectric sensors were developed, and wave-scans were performed to detect damage in several composite geometries. The work plan for this Phase I work leverages these results to define a system architecture, develop wireless chips and thin-film batteries, and integrate each of these components. The AFRL will assist in delineating system requirements and facilitating the final proof testing. As part of a Phase II effort, the capabilities of each component will be enhanced, moving towards a device that could be commercialized. One of the key factors to the marketability of a SHM system is its versatility; the ability not only to be integrated into new applications but to be retrofitted into an existing system with little work. Airlines that chose to use these systems would be able to reduce the number and time of required inspections (SHM systems fall within the provisions of current FAA directives), giving them the opportunity to capture profit due to more up-time. Another important aerospace market would be for expendable launch vehicles (ELV) to facilitate launch/no-launch decisions, due to damage sustained during vehicle assembly or sitting on the pad. Of probably greatest importance, SHM systems will be a key technology for reusable launch vehicles for quick turn around times, to avoid lengthy tear down inspections. | |
| MICROASSEMBLY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3065 Richmond Parkway, Suite 109 Richmond, CA 94806 (510) 758-2790 PI: Dr. Michael Cohn (510) 758-2790 Contract #: |
LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABS
PO Box 808, 7000 East Avenue Livermore, CA 94551 (925) 423-6483 ID#: F033-0128 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-009 Selected for Award |
| Title: MEMS Refocusing Concentrator for Free Space Optics | |
| Abstract: MicroAssembly Technologies and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories propose a MEMS-based refocusing secondary concentrator for regenerating optical signals distorted by atmospheric disturbances. An efficient secondary concentrator, based on MicroAssembly's high fill-factor micromirrors, would offer an adaptive optics solution for penetrating last-mile barriers. With the development of the proposed secondary concentrator with an adaptive optics beam quality regenerator, link-margins can be improved by many dBs, extending the range of reliable service to reach the great majority of office buildings. This could enable a free-space WDM all-optical link in a scalable `pay-as-you-grow' architecture over unlicensed optical frequencies. Free space communications would also help foster competition to reach the end-customer. | |
| MICROCOATING TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
5315 Peachtree Industrial Blvd. Atlanta, GA 30341 (678) 287-2402 PI: Dr. Miodrag Oljaca (678) 287-2426 Contract #: |
GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Office of Sponsored Programs, Contract Administration Atlanta, GA 30332-0420 (404) 385-0866 ID#: F033-0177 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-012 Selected for Award |
| Title: Controllable Atomization for Supercritical Combustion | |
| Abstract: MicroCoating Technologies, Inc. (MCT), in collaboration with the Georgia Institute of Technology and Clemson University, proposes the development of a novel fuel atomization method and advanced numerical simulation tools for supercritical gas turbine combustion systems. The project is designed to accelerate the understanding and commercialization of transcritical and supercritical fuel atomization and fuel-air mixing technology for improved performance of gas turbine engine combustion systems. These goals have been identified by the Integrated High Performance Turbine Engine Technology (IHPTET) as pivotal technologies for the U.S. to maintain/extend its global competitive position in aircraft and missile systems. The proposed approach includes modeling and experimental studies of atomization and mixing in gas turbine applications in order to provide basic understanding of spray break-up under supercritical conditions. Successful development of atomization methods and numerical simulation tools will facilitate a clear path to incorporate this technology into future products such as the Joint Strike Fighter. The project is designed to develop novel fuel atomization and fuel-air mixing technology for improved performance of gas turbine engine combustion systems. These goals have been identified by the Integrated High Performance Turbine Engine Technology (IHPTET) as pivotal technologies for the U.S. to maintain/extend its global competitive position in aircraft and missile systems. Results from this project will benefit DOD and commercial aircraft engines and industrial gas turbines. | |
| MP TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
1801 Maple Avenue Evanston, IL 60201-3135 (224) 522-3222 PI: Dr. Steven Slivken (224) 522-3222 Contract #: |
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
633 Clark Street, Room 2-502 Evanston, IL 60208-1110 (847) 491-1967 ID#: F033-0065 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-024 Selected for Award |
| Title: High Power Quantum Cascade Lasers for Terahertz Applications | |
| Abstract: It is here proposed to investigate quantum cascade laser technology for THz (0.3 - 7.5 THz) applications. Various material systems based on InP and GaAs will be studied theoretically and experimentally with respect to their suitability for laser growth. Material growth, following the design, will be done in-house using gas-source molecular beam epitaxy. Material characterization will be used to optimize growth conditions for the best material quality and to confirm layer thickness and interface quality. A self-consistent theory will be developed in order to explain and predict the behavior of arbitrary long wavelength intersubband devices. The focus of the theory will be to come up with design rules for a structure capable of high power, high temperature operation. At the end of this work, we will also propose a waveguide and thermal design for high power THz emission. THz imaging has already shown itself to be a powerful tool for homeland security. The ability to nondestructively evaluate package contents without using harmful x-ray radiation is extremely valuable. Further, terahertz sources may be useful in the field for other applications including communications and spectroscopy. This project will provide applied research into the theoretical and material-related design parameters for a THz quantum cascade laser. This source, once developed, will provide a compact source of high intensity, coherent THz radiation which can then be incorporated into a variety of security, communication, and spectroscopy systems. | |
| MTL SYSTEMS, INC.
3481 Dayton-Xenia Rd. Dayton, OH 45432-2796 (937) 426-3111 PI: Mr. R. K. Hill (937) 426-3111 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0059 |
WRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY
Office of Research & Sponsored, Programs, 201J University Ha Dayton, OH 45435 (937) 775-2425 ID#: F033-0166 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-008 Awarded: 9/2/2003 |
| Title: Detecting and Extracting Image Similarities, Differences and Target Patterns | |
| Abstract: MTL Systems, Inc. and Dr. Francis Quek of Wright State University propose a unique and commercially-viable solution to the problem of automatically detecting, extracting, and recognizing changes and similarities in target patterns in sequences of images. Our proposed "Optimized (image) DIscriminant Nexus** (ODIN) program will synergistically integrate several methods, including (1) a demonstrated, revolutionary difference detection, and pattern recognition technique called TWIST* (TWo-axis Image Sorting Technique), (2) piecewise (image) rigidity concepts, (3) Hough Transforms, and (4) digital filtering. ODIN captures image complexity information from a sequence of video frames, into a concise feature set, to provide a reliable, accurate, robust method to detect changes or similarities, or to recognize target patterns in multi-modal (EO, IR, SAR, etc.) digital imagery. In Phase I, MTL will perform (1) a prototype development, (2) experimental and analytical feasibility assessments using realistic use-case images, (3) a prototype demonstration, (4) a preliminary system design to carry forward into Phase II, and (5) an initial assessment of commercialization potential. *Patent pending ** NEXUS = A connected group of discriminant techniques The ability to automatically and accurately recognize and track changes, similarities, or object patterns and their locations in a surrounding environment, independent of the particular environment features, is of great importance to government and commercial enterprises alike. A particularly compelling commercial opportunity is a video security application, using ODIN techniques to recognize vehicles or individuals of interest based on their static and dynamic behavior. Commercial developers and marketers of video-based security systems are a ready market for ODIN. The ODIN process is much more cost-effective for commercial and military operations than current products, since it operates faster, and requires less data storage space (for images or models) than other techniques. ODIN can replace slow and user interaction-demanding systems with a low-cost, automated alternative. | |
| NANOSPECTRA BIOSCIENCES, INC.
8285 El Rio Street, Ste 130 Houston, TX 77054-4654 (713) 842-2720 PI: Dr. Naomi Halas (713) 348-5611 Contract #: |
RICE UNIVERSITY
PO Box 1892 Houston, TX 77251-1892 (713) 348-6200 ID#: F033-0014 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-002 Selected for Award |
| Title: Detection of Molecular and Biomolecular Species by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering | |
| Abstract: This Phase I STTR will develop a SERS detection system using nanoshells, a new class of nanoparticles with significant near field enhancement resulting from the ability to design and manufacture the particle with desired peak plasmon resonance. Preliminary data indicate that nanoshells may reproducibly provide film-based SERS enhancements of up to 10^14. This proposed research will involve (i) the use of modeling techniques for the optimization of nanoshell-based substrates specific to the backscattering collection geometry of the system at 750 nm wavelengths, (ii) the investigation of deposition methods for the manufacturing of nanoshell-based films, and (iii) experimental testing of the resulting nanoshell-based film substrates for Raman sensing. Successful completion of this research will result in the development of a generalizable platform for SERS sensing optimized to near infrared wavelengths in order to reduce background fluorescent "noise" from contaminants in analytes of interest. This reserch will result in a broad-based platform for the extension of SERS research by providing a reliable and consistent level of SERS enhancement for multiple modalities. This platform will be offered for sale to collaborators as a platform to extend their own research as well as offer commercialization opportunities for the detection of small molecules and biomolecules will a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. | |
| NOMADICS, INC.
1024 S. Innovation Way Stillwater, OK 74074-1508 (405) 372-9535 PI: Dr. Robert Shelton (405) 372-9535 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0061 |
MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
328 Chemistry East Lansing, MI 48824 (517) 355-9715 ID#: F033-0304 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-002 Awarded: 9/2/2003 |
| Title: SuMo SERS: A Novel, High-Reliability CBW Agent Detection System Using Surface-Modified Gold Nanoparticles as a SERS Substrate | |
| Abstract: Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful technique for detecting and identifying target analytes, such as CBW agents, even at very small concentrations. However, traditional SERS techniques often suffer from poor reliability and reproducibility. Nanoparticle-based SERS has a tremendous advantage over bulk-surface SERS due to a very high amount of surface area for interaction in a small volume. However, nanoparticles must be carefully stabilized to remain in solution, often limiting their ability to interact with analyte, which is required for SERS. Nomadics proposes to develop an improved SERS technology. Through numerical modeling and optical experimentation, we will determine the optimum shape and size of nanoparticles to maximize the SERS response. We will chemically modify the surface of nanoparticles to: 1) maintain the nanoparticles suspended in solution, and 2) preferentially bind the target analyte to the nanoparticles, optimizing the SERS response. With this improved SERS platform, we will develop a robust, reliable SERS-based sensor technology suitable for detecting even trace amounts of CBW agents. Nomadics will develop an improved SERS-based sensor technology suitable for CBW agent detection. This will be useful to both the military and various civilian law enforcement and emergency-response agencies. However, SERS is a very powerful analytical sensing tool, suitable for a broad range of analytes. Trace detection of nearly any chemical or molecular species should be possible with this technology, with a large range of potential sensor applications: pesticides, water purity, pharmaceuticals/drug-discovery, etc. | |
| NUKOVE SCIENTIFIC CONSULTING, LLC
69 Vista Linda Road, PO Box 2756 Ranchos de Taos, NM 87557-8755 (505) 758-0169 PI: Ms. Susan M. Chandler (505) 758-0169 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0064 |
NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY
MSC 3-0, PO Box 30001 Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001 (505) 646-3471 ID#: F033-0097 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-009 Awarded: 9/2/2003 |
| Title: Adaptive Laser Beam Control Using Return Photon Statistics | |
| Abstract: Strategic laser systems for uses including high bandwidth communication, non-imaging target identification, imaging, and the deposition of high laser energy on a target, are subject to the dispersive and refractive effects of a turbulent atmosphere. The atmosphere manifests itself with effects on the beam size and shape at the target, thus adaptive modification of the far-field pattern to optimize performance of the system would be very beneficial. Nukove Scientific Consulting has developed a technique that allows for the simultaneous estimation of key pointing parameters that affect laser systems. This work is documented in publications. The technique was developed during analysis of data from ground-to-space laser illumination experiments fielded at the Starfire Optical Range on Kirtland AFB, NM. The implementation of the tool in real or near real-time, and associated adaptive control, is the principle thrust of the work proposed. Fundamentally there is no reason that the technique can not be developed as a real or near real-time estimation tool, allowing for adaptive control of key far-field parameters, such as the size of the beam at the target, data rates and encoding for communication, power level and laser coherence, and control of adaptive optics elements. The commercialization potential is excellent. Telescope facilities illuminate satellites for metrology or surveillance purposes. Nukove will develop, under a Phase II award, a stand-alone prototype software/processor package that will allow for monitoring of beam pointing and provide near real-time feedback for the control of beam divergence and adaptive optics elements. | |
| OPTICOMP CORPORATION
PO Box 10779 Zephyr Cove, NV 89448 (775) 588-4176 PI: Dr. Duane Louderback (775) 588-4176 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
109 Coble Hall M/C 325, 801 S. Wright Street Champaign, IL 61820-6242 (217) 333-2187 ID#: F033-0322 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-021 Selected for Award |
| Title: Chip-to-Chip Optical Interconnects Using Photonic Crystal Emitters and Waveguides | |
| Abstract: The goal of this proposed Phase I STTR effort is to demonstrate the feasibility of incorporating photonic crystal (PC) technology within OCC's existing optoelectronic module technology. This will be accomplished through the design and modeling of PC light emitters and waveguides, as well as characterization of their coupling behavior with external systems. The utilization of nanoscale PC technology promises superior wavelength selectivity, reduced temperature sensitivity, and increased density of interconnecting waveguides. OptiComp Corporation occupies a 7000 square foot facility, which includes a full service, semiconductor fabrication cleanroom with MBE wafer growth as well as optoelectronic testing and measurement laboratories. OptiComp design facility includes semiconductor modeling and CAD capabilities. In addition, the University of Illinois' Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratories include an 8000 square foot class 100 fabrication and 8000 square foot class 1000 growth facility. The proposed Phase I STTR effort will offer a dual use commercialization opportunity for applications such as photonic crystal (PC) optoelectronic chip-to-chip interconnects. Such devices can provide terabit bandwidths for on-board, radiation-hard, space applications, as well as specialized military platforms and commercial datacom systems. | |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810-1077 (978) 689-0003 PI: Dr. John D. Lennhoff (978) 689-0003 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
Department of Chemistry, Leigh Hall 318-POB 117200 Gainesville, FL 32611 (352) 392-0541 ID#: F033-0169 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-004 Selected for Award |
| Title: Conductive Polymers/Elastomers as Gap Treatment Material for Aircraft | |
| Abstract: Physical Sciences, Inc. (PSI) and their research partners, Prof. John Reynolds, and the Signatures Management group at Lockheed Martin, propose to develop an advanced gap treatment material by forming conductive solid-state interpenetrating networks (SS-IPN) in a polythioether matrix using a high aspect ratio filler. The high aspect ratio filler will be composed of chopped polymer fibers with a thin metal coating. A unique, self-assembled, conductive organic coating, designed by the Reynolds group, will be applied to the fibers'''''''''''''''' metal surface to reduce contact resistance and facilitate percolation. The formation and properties of the SS-IPN in the elastomer matrix will be optimized to meet or exceed the properties outlined in the Requirements Document. PSI will work closely in the Phase II effort with the Signatures Management group at Lockheed Martin to scale-up and perform advanced testing of the SS-IPN material. There are abundant commercial applications for a low cost, highly conductive filler with high aspect ratio and elastomeric properties. Military and commercial applications include materials for static charge dissipation, electromagnetic interference shielding, and conductive adhesives all represent large markets for conductive fillers. | |
| POWER PHOTONIC
Old Chemistry Building, Room 214, SUNY Stony Brook Stony Brook, NY 11794-3717 (631) 632-1605 PI: Mr. David Westerfeld (631) 632-1605 Contract #: |
RESEARCH FOUNDATION SUNY
W5510 Melville Library, SUNY at Stony Brook Stony Brook, NY 11794-3366 (631) 632-9029 ID#: F033-0058 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-025 Selected for Award |
| Title: 2.3 micron High Power Continuous Wave Diode Laser Arrays | |
| Abstract: For phase I of this STTR, we propose the design, fabrication, and characterization of an electrically-pumped GaSb-based one-dimensional semiconductor laser array emitting at 2.3 microns. The laser array is expected to produce 5 watts of continuous-wave power from a single room-temperature 1 cm long laser bar by the end of phase I, and will be optimized to produce 10-15 watts per bar by the end of phase II. The lasers will be liquid cooled with micro-channel heatsinks for efficient heat removal. The proposed lasers will be based on SUNY Stony Brook's record setting 1 watt continuous wave power 2.5 micron GaSb based lasers. These lasers employ an optimized doping of the cladding layers resulting in a very low electrical series resistance while simultaneously minimizing free-carrier losses. A broadened waveguide further decreases free carrier losses by minimizing the interaction between the optical mode and the cladding layers. The design of the 2.3 micron In(Al)GaAsSb multiple quantum well active region will be carried out using extensive modeling guided by the experience of the Power Photonic team. Carrier transport, thermal distribution, optical mode configuration and band offsets will all be calculated and/or simulated using both established and novel techniques. The high-power 2.3 micron diode laser arrays proposed in this STTR have important military and civilian applications. The foremost application is for infrared countermeasures (IRCM); either directly as a light source or indirectly as excitation for optically pumped semiconductor lasers emitting near 4 microns. With the advent of the war on terrorism, there is an increased need for IRCM. While the military has always needed state-of-the-art IRCM, it is increasingly likely that IRCM will be widely deployed in the civilian aircraft fleet. This civilian application of IRCM will require the low-cost, low-maintenance, low-weight, and high reliability capabilities that the proposed laser array can provide. | |
| PRINCETON SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS, INC.
7 Deer Park Drive, Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852 (732) 274-0774 PI: Mr. John Lowrance (732) 274-0774 Contract #: |
OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
Ohio State University, 206 W. 18th Ave. Columbus, OH 43210 (614) 292-2736 ID#: F033-0069 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-013 Selected for Award |
| Title: High-Bandwidth High-Resolution Sensor for Hypersonic Flows | |
| Abstract: There is the need for new diagnostic instrumentation capable of detailed hypersonic flow field characterization with spatial resolution of order 1 mm3 and temporal bandwidth of order MHz. In this proposal Princeton Scientific Instruments, in collabration with the Ohio State University Gas Dynamics and Turbulence Laboratory, offers a novel solution based on PSI''s recently developed Ultra High Frame Rate CCD Imager, in combination with a "burst mode" laser source developed by OSU. We will demonstrate, in Phase I, the potential of a new MHz frame rate velocity imaging diagnostic, termed Planar Doppler Fluorescence Velocimetry (PDFV). The proposed hypersonic flow diagnostics are based on Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) imaging of the nitric oxide (NO) molecule, which, because it is a gas at temperatures as low as ~75k, is readily seeded into even hypersonic flow facilities. In Phase II we will demonstrate the practical utility of the system by performing measurements in a Mach 5 Hypersonic Wind Tunnel. The proposed instrument system will also serve as a flexible diagnostic tool, capable of density and temperature imaging at frame rates as high as 1 MHz, and more conventional measurements, such as focusing Schlieren, Shack-Hartman wave front sensing, and holographic interferometry, at even higher frame rates. Ultra-high frame rate camera and pulse burst laser instrument system will be applicable to diagnostic instrumentation for high-entrophy hypersonic ground-test facilities. Potential dual-use applications include in lower speed flow regimes and possible bio-medical applications. | |
| REALTIME METHODS
NASA Ames Research Center, MS 566-108 Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000 (650) 944-7593 PI: Mr. Kevin Yurica (650) 944-7594 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0057 |
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
Gates Computer Science Bldg., Room 474 Stanford, CA 94305-9045 (650) 723-6045 ID#: F033-0026 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-011 Awarded: 9/2/2003 |
| Title: Distributed Streams-based Data Mining for Application Intrusion Detection | |
| Abstract: This research is focused on the application of real-time data mining techniques to the challenge of application layer intrusion detection. Streams-based data mining methods are used to analyze distributed application access patterns and identify abnormal activity. This data streams approach removes much of the schema complexity and storage burden associated with traditional database implementations and can provide superior computational and storage efficiencies. The data stream model of computation is especially useful for very large data sets that need to be processed in a single pass. Application requests are examined using a series of clustering analysis perspectives that enable rapid profiling of individual requests against expected patterns. More complex evaluations can be supported by pipelining analysis stages, providing an inherently scalable solution that is well suited to distributed environments. The work proposed here can be applied to both DoD and commercial data analysis challenges-the technology has significant potential to improve the performance and flexibility of real-time data mining. The use of centralized data mining architectures may be unsatisfactory for certain applications due to the inherent time delay that accompanies off-line processing. It is believed that a streams-based approach will be faster and more scalable than traditional data mining approaches. In the intrusion detection area, traditional perimeter security implementations such as firewalls need to be supplemented with application-level security measures that will limit access to sensitive data once an usual access pattern has been identified. The approach described here may be a viable alternative or supplement to `hardening' each individual application or encrypting data stores. The results of this effort will be applied to application intrusion detection product development targeted at the high-end security market. | |
| RESEARCH SUPPORT INSTRUMENTS
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810-1077 (301) 306-0010 PI: Mr. John F. Kline (609) 580-0080 Contract #: |
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
Room D-414 E-Quad, Olden Street Princeton, NJ 08544 (609) 258-5131 ID#: F033-0307 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-013 Selected for Award |
| Title: An Equilibrated Micromachined Pressure (EMP) Sensor for Hypersonic Transients | |
| Abstract: Research Support Instruments, Inc. (RSI), with the aid of Princeton University, proposes to develop an Equilibrated Micromachined Pressure (EMP) sensor for measuring hypersonic transients with amplitudes < 1 Torr and frequencies of hundreds of kHz. Existing micromachined transducers include capacitive, resistive, or optical techniques. Transducers using silicon membranes and piezoresistive or capacitive sensing techniques have been able to maintain sensitivity below 1 Torr, but cannot operate with high EMI/RFI levels. Optical cavity transducers have solved the problem of EMI/RFI tolerance, and RSI has modified such sensors to operate at high (>16 MHz) bandwidth in blast simulation environments, but these sensors are not sensitive below 1 bar. Therefore, RSI will use thin silicon nitride membranes, and equilibrate the pressure in the optical cavity to the static pressure in the test section to survive startup of the test facility. This will provide high sensitivity to fast transients, and filter out low frequency fluctuations. RSI will use its experience in silicon nitride membranes and MEMS pressure sensors, and Princeton University will provide expertise in hypersonic flows and optical diagnostics. Phase I will involve design, fabrication, and test of the EMP sensors to demonstrate sensitivity, ruggedness, and bandwidth. Several companies already market less rugged, lower bandwidth fiber optic pressure sensors. These commercialized sensors are used in applications ranging from industrial processing and medical diagnostics to high-speed shock testing in chemical explosions. It is expected that the newly developed EMP sensors will compete aggressively in these existing markets as well as the hypersonic test applications that are the primary focus of this effort. Development of EMP sensors will address a critical need in hypersonic vehicle development, as well as improve pressure sensing capabilities in manufacturing, research, and medical applications. | |
| RSOFT DESIGN GROUP
200 Executive Boulevard Ossining, NY 10562 (914) 923-2164 PI: Dr. Michael J. Steel (408) 856-9360 Contract #: |
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY
Department of Applied Physics, 500 W. 120th St. Rm 1322 New York, NY 10027 (212) 854-4462 ID#: F033-0206 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-021 Selected for Award |
| Title: Photonic Crystal Chip-scale Optical Networks | |
| Abstract: This proposal aims to spur the development of the next-generation of photonic crystal (PC) design tools. While current tools can model individual PC devices, they will prove insufficient to deal with the far-increased complexity of intregrated on-chip PC networks. There is a need for tools to improve both in their raw power and ability to handle very large problems robustly, but also to treat complex PC structures in a more intelligent and automated fashion. We propose to create several significant enhancements to RSoft's current tool suite. We will implement a generic engine capable of driving optimization projects for all RSoft device tools. The current capabilities for parallel computing will be extended to support new features such as complex gain modeling for active devices and better exploit naturally-parallel problems. Most importantly, we will undertake the design of a new circuit-level tool to enable hierarchical modeling of very complex circuits. This tool will allow different components to be modeled with different numerical tools and to be connected at a high level using S-matrix representations to support feedback and bi-directionality. The research and development effort in this proposal will create commercial design and simulation software for devices and system-on-chip base on photonic crystals. These softwares will provide efficient, accurate and vital numerical modeling of manufacturable/fabricated PBG devices and systems, thereby reducing design cycle and experiment costs and increasing success rates. The advantages of these softwares include flexible and powerful CAD interface, advanced and optimized algorithms and parallel and distributed computing capabilities. More importantly, the circuit level design tool, which will be developed in this proposal, will address the current design bottleneck for system-on-chip based on photonic crystals. All the above benefits will be critical for designers and researchers to develop commercially-worthy devices and systems based on photonic crystals. | |
| SC SOLUTIONS
1261 Oakmead Pkwy Sunnyvale, CA 94085-4040 (408) 617-4520 PI: Dr. Robert L. Kosut (408) 617-4520 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-SANTA BARBARA
Dept. of Mechanical Engr. Santa Barbara, CA 93106 (805) 893-4490 ID#: F033-0300 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-007 Selected for Award |
| Title: Computational Methods for Feedback Controllers for Aerodynamics Flow Applications | |
| Abstract: This Small Business Technology Transfer Research Phase I project proposes a product development effort aimed at establishing systematic procedures for control-oriented model reduction from PDE descriptions of aerodynamic flow systems, the design of low-order feedback controllers using these procedures, and the implementation of these procedures in an industrial software environment compatible with existing control design tools. The basic work has already been established by research at the University of California-Santa Barbara (UCSB). Most flow control problems can be recast as suppression of some instability (upstream) that causes some undesirable phenomenon (flow or pressure oscillations) downstream. The innovative feature of the proposed methods is that they capture the essential dynamics, i.e., they are control-oriented. In Phase I, the developed techniques will be applied to a flow control problem representative of aerospace problems for which most commercial finite element packages can handle. In Phase II, technology developed at UCSB and SC Solutions will be made into a prototype software product under MATLABr. The potential for wide-ranging commercial applications is tremendous since we will be developing the first-ever commercially available flow control design software package. The proposed software product represents a dramatic enhancement over current status of tools for flow control design. Since the software tool features primitives for flow control design for the first time, the potential commercial applications are enormous. The technology will have broad commercial and military utility. The potential product from this effort will be a software product for PC or workstation containing the computational tools for generating from a PDE or high-order finite element model, a suitably accurate reduced-order ODE which is compatible with typical workstation control design capabilities. Such a tool will be very beneficial to aerospace companies involved in the control design of high-performance systems which need to model complex fluid, structure, and thermal interactions. | |
| SENSIMETRICS CORPORATION
48 Grove Street, Suite 305 Somerville, MA 02144-2500 (617) 625-0600 PI: Dr. Oded Ghitza (617) 625-0600 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0051 |
MASSACHUSETTS INSTIT. OF TECHNOLOGY
50 Vassar Street - Bldg 36-791 Cambridge, MA 02139 (617) 253-2575 ID#: F033-0104 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-006 Awarded: 9/2/2003 |
| Title: Application of Cortical Processing Theory to Acoustical Analysis | |
| Abstract: This research proposal aims at formulating signal processing principles realized by the auditory system, in particular when the input signal is speech. Two specific aims are: (1) to model the role of the descending pathway in stabilizing AN representations of speech sounds in degraded acoustic conditions. Current models of the auditory periphery are based upon the ascending pathway up through the AN. We propose to study the role of the descending pathway (mainly the MOC feedback mechanism), and its interaction with the ascending pathway, in processing speech; (2) to model post-AN functions (e.g., cortical processing) that play a role in robust extraction of important acoustic-phonemic cues from the AN firing patterns. A psychophysical approach to determine phenomenological models of cortical processing of speech stimuli will be used. To achieve these goals we propose a program of research that combines analytical measurements of human speech discrimination and auditory modeling, all using the same database of diagnostic speech materials. The speech material will be subjected to parametric modifications in the time and frequency dimensions, and/or degraded systematically by additive speech-shaped noise. The validity of proposed auditory model will tested by utilizing it as a "front-end" in machines specifically designed to mimic the corresponding psychophysical experiments. ▪ Revising models of auditory periphery by including the role of the descending pathway in stabilizing cochlear response of speech sounds in degraded acoustic conditions. ▪ Using a psychophysical approach to determine phenomenological models of cortical processing. These models will provide guidance to physiological studies of cortical processing. ▪ A first step toward achieving long-term goals of obtaining reliable diagnostic assessment of speech intelligibility and improving the performance of automatic speech recognition systems in acoustically adverse conditions. | |
| SILICONOPTICS, INC.
6 QUIETWOOD LN Sandy, UT 84092-4845 (801) 699-6143 PI: Dr. Steve Blair (801) 585-6157 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
50 S. Central Campus Dr., Rm. Salt Lake City, UT 84112-9206 (801) 581-6157 ID#: F033-0189 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-021 Selected for Award |
| Title: Photonic Crystal Chip-scale Optical Networks | |
| Abstract: Two-dimensional planar photonic crystal technology offers the potential for compact optical signal routing and processing while realizing the advantages of massive parallelism through optical interconnection, low skew clock distribution, and resistance to electromagnetic interference. What has limited this potential to date is the enormous loss associated with current techniques in realizing single-mode structures in high index contrast dielectric materials. We propose a hybrid technique based upon standard low index contrast dielectric integrated optics technology where high index dielectric, semiconductor, or metallic inclusions are embedded at appropriate locations where photonic crystal based components are needed. This technique relies on chemical-mechanical planarization to maintain both vertical symmetry and vertical waveguide confinement, thereby minimizing out of plane scattering losses and diffraction losses, and can be readily extended to realize multi-level, three-dimensional optical circuitry. There are many commercial applications and markets for these functions that are traditionally implemented with high-cost free-space optics. The benefits of this research will be to make progress in terms of developing chip scale integration of all-optical components for optical systems employing photonic crystals to provide a variety of functions including guiding, switching, splitting, modulating, coupling and filtering. | |
| SONALYSTS, INC.
215 Parkway North, P.O. Box 280 Waterford, CT 06385 (860) 326-3787 PI: Ms. Margaret Bailey (860) 326-3621 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0049 |
UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT
University of Connecticut Storrs, CT 06268 (860) 486-4196 ID#: F033-0015 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-011 Awarded: 9/2/2003 |
| Title: Storage Efficient Data Mining for High-Speed Data Streams | |
| Abstract: The Sonalysts Team's goal is to provide a cross-disciplinary, intelligent, efficient stream data mining and intelligent storage system that is highly portable and configurable for the plethora of systems that need to ingest huge data streams and decide what, when, where, and how to store data. Leveraging current algorithms, we will apply supervised and unsupervised learning approaches to streaming data. We will investigate methods for developing rules for prioritizing data and storage resources under changing storage constraints as well as purging, backup, and offloading technologies that allow valuable storage capacity to be re-used to store higher priority data based on clever adaptive algorithms. We will demonstrate our innovative data mining and intelligent storage technologies by applying them to Sonalysts' commercial wXstationr software. Best known for its ability to decode and display overlapping information such as international weather satellite imagery, wXstation ingests approximately 20 gigabytes of streaming data per day from various sources and in various formats, in support of weather and air space analysis. This rich source of streaming data, and the applications that ingest and disseminate it, will serve as our test bed for developing new and efficient data mining and intelligent data storage techniques in constrained storage environments. Viable stream mining and intelligent storage products applied to tomorrows info-sphere will have broad implications for how the U.S. Air Force and other armed services glean useful information and store priority data from large data streams. Applications of such technologies could revolutionize the armed services ability to process and store intelligence, equipment, personnel, maintenance, and other operational data. Commercial customers above and beyond those in the data mining and warehousing industries that would benefit from the technology resulting from this STTR include Sonalysts' current wXstation customers in the airline industry, and a vast number of Internet site customers that purchase weather images/objects to be displayed on their Internet sites. The security, retail marketing, news, healthcare, and insurance industries that ingest large quantities of data could also benefit from a rule-based, context-sensitive, intelligent summarization, backup, purging, and storage, decision-making technology. | |
| SOUTHWEST SCIENCES, INC.
1570 Pacheco Street, Suite E-11 Santa Fe, NM 87505 (505) 984-1322 PI: Dr. Steven M. Massick (505) 984-1322 Contract #: |
INDIANA UNIVERSITY
Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Building Room C121 Bloomington, IN 47405-7102 (812) 855-8259 ID#: F033-0151 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: Hadamard Transform Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry | |
| Abstract: This STTR program will develop a two-dimensional Hadamard transform method for combining time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) and ion mobility separation (IMS) analysis of trace species. Target applications include chemical and biological agent detection as well as protein sequencing and identification. The work builds on previous research by the Clemmer group that shows the usefulness of IMS with TOFMS for protein analysis and on Southwest Sciences' expertise in the development of compact, automated instrumentation for trace chemical detection. We anticipate that the Hadamard transform approach will improve sensitivity by increasing sample throughput, yet requires only minimal modification to the existing hardware. In Phase I we will 1) modify the existing IMS-TOFMS for Hadamard transform modulation of the TOFMS section, 2) experimentally determine the limits to mass resolution, sensitivity, and throughput for the modified instrument, and 3) investigate customized modulation waveforms that can provide selective ion bandpass and/or notch filtering. The Phase I research will provide the critical design information needed to develop a fully two-dimensional, Hadamard transform IMSTOFMS instrument in Phase II. Applications include proteomics, and chemical and biological agent detection. | |
| SPIRE CORPORATION
One Patriots Park Bedford, MA 01730-2396 (781) 275-6000 PI: Dr. Kurt J. Linden (781) 275-6000 Contract #: |
UNIV. OF ILLINOIS URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
1406 West Green Street, Dept of Electrical & Computer Urbana, IL 61801-2991 (217) 333-3359 ID#: F033-0187 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-024 Selected for Award |
| Title: High-throughput synthesis of terahertz quantum cascade lasers | |
| Abstract: The proposed Phase I program is aimed at design and fabrication of a robust, AlGaAs-based epitaxial layer structure for terahertz quantum cascade (QC) lasers that can be grown by the metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) process. The ability to produce such epitaxial wafers at low cost is critical to the future widespread use of QC lasers. There are currently only three groups in the world that are capable of producing terahertz QC laser wafers, and each of these groups uses epitaxial wafers grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), a slow and inherently expensive method of wafer growth. This severely limits the availability of this material. Demonstrating MOCVD growth of terahertz QC laser structures will stimulate the rapid development of terahertz QC lasers. The growth of complex AlGaAs epitaxial layers grown on GaAs substrate wafers has developed into a relatively mature technology, and is currently used to produce large volumes of complex-structure wafers. Phase I will concentrate on the design of terahertz QC laser epitaxial layer structures compatible with the MOCVD growth capabilities, as well as demonstrate growth and evaluation of such structures. Phase II will further develop this growth capability and demonstrate operational QC laser devices. Coherent sources of radiation in the terahertz spectral region are useful for scientific, medical, and communication applications. Many complex molecules have resonant absorption lines in this spectral region, making it possible to analyze molecular structures in gaseous, liquid, or solid form. Such spectroscopic applications have been demonstrated for DNA, RNA, and protein identification. Other potential applications include chemical and biological agent detection. Due to the transparency of many materials in this spectral region, terahertz sources can be used for imaging systems as a safe alternative to x-ray sources, for detection of hidden objects, dental cavities, and similar applications. The strong water absorption at terahertz frequencies prevents long-distance transmission through the atmosphere, thus make this a safe medium of wireless communication for short distances, such as Wi-Fi. Skin cancer identification has been demonstrated with terahertz radiation, opening the possibility of a new, safe, non-invasive medical diagnostic modality. | |
| STRUCTURED MATERIALS INDUSTRIES
Suite 103, 201 Circle Drive Piscataway, NJ 08854 (732) 302-9274 PI: Dr. Nick M. Sbrockey (732) 302-9274 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN
750 University Avenue Madison, WI 53706 (608) 262-0311 ID#: F033-0164 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-021 Selected for Award |
| Title: Chip-scale Photonic Crystal Optical Networks Based on Epitaxial LiNbO3 Thin Films | |
| Abstract: In this Phase I STTR effort, Structured Materials Industries, Inc. (SMI), in collaboration with our academic partners at the University of Wisconsin at Madison (UWM), will develop technology to build chip-scale integrated photonic crystal device networks. The photonic crystal devices will be fabricated in epitaxial lithium niobate (LiNbO3) thin films. This effort we will build on technology invented at UWM, to deposit and pattern epitaxial LiNbO3 thin films. In this Phase I effort, we will develop the technology to integrate photonic device structures into chip-scale optical networks. We will demonstrate the integration technology by building and testing an integrated electro-optically gated 4-channel add/drop multiplexer. In Phase II, we will design and fabricate networks containing different optical and electro-optical devices, including lasers, detectors, switches, modulators and multiplexers. The network components will be connected with photonic crystal waveguides, built directly into the epitaxial LiNbO3 thin film. In Phase III, we will commercialize this technology for both government and private sector markets. The successful development of this integration technology, combined with our LiNbO3 epitaxial film technology, will enable a direct route to large-scale integrated (LSI) optical device networks. These products will initially find applications in military markets, integrating high-speed communications from command, control and sensor arrays. These products will also meet growing market demands for telecommunications, digital signal processing and all optical computing. These markets are expected to reach multi-billion dollar size by the year 2006. | |
| SVT ASSOCIATES, INC.
7620 Executive Drive Eden Prairie, MN 55344-3677 (952) 934-2100 PI: Dr. Andrei Osinsky (952) 934-2100 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
132 Rhines Hall, Materials Science & Engrg. Gainesville, FL 32611-6400 (352) 846-1086 ID#: F033-0247 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: Novel MgZnO-based spintronic materials and devices. | |
| Abstract: This Phase I STTR project addresses the development of novel Zinc Oxide-based spintronic devices. The spintronic devices will find widespread application in civilian and military markets offering new generation of transistors, lasers and integrated magnetic sensors. The objective of the Phase I effort is to explore novel doping schemes to achieve room temperature ferromagnetism in ZnMgO materials doped with magnetic ions and co-doped with transition metals. SVT Associates will be utilizing innovative approaches using modulation-doped p-type heterostructures for designing, modeling and optimization of novel spintronic structures. SVT Associates will work closely with Prof. S. J. Pearton's group at University of Florida on growth and characterization of spintronic heterostructures. Semiconductor spintronic devices lead to the potential for new classes of ultra-low power high-speed memory, logic and photonic devices such as spin-polarized emitters with enhanced performance. | |
| SVT ASSOCIATES, INC.
7620 Executive Drive Eden Prairie, MN 55344-3677 (952) 934-2100 PI: Dr. Amir Dabiran (952) 933-2100 Contract #: |
UNIV. OF NORTH CAROLINA-CHARLOTTE
Dept. of Electrical Engrg., 9201 University City Boulevard Charlotte, NC 28223 (704) 547-2083 ID#: F033-0231 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-024 Selected for Award |
| Title: Development of III-V Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers | |
| Abstract: The purpose of this Phase I study is to develop quantum cascade laser (QCL) with terahertz (THz) emission. Terahertz photons have energies which lie in the regime between optical photons and high frequency radio waves and have many important commercial and military applications. In the QCL, quantum wells (QWs) and injection layers are grown in a III-V semiconductor superlattice. The QWs and barriers are specifically designed to create exacting quantum states and energies within the device. Levels at different energy states provide carrier transitions where stimulated emission and lasing can occur. By varying the design parameters of the superlattice the emission wavelength can be tuned in principle to arbitrarily long wavelengths. During the Phase I, we will design, grow, fabricate and test a prototype QCL based on the AlGaAs/GaAs material system. The follow on Phase II will serve to improve the device performance by optimizing the device design and utilizing other III-V semiconductor materials. Terahertz quantum cascade lasers (QCL) have a variety of potential commercial and military applications including space-based and short-range terrestrial or near earth communications, atmospheric sensing, and near object observation and spectroscopy monitoring of atmospheric pollutants. | |
| TDA RESEARCH, INC.
12345 W. 52nd Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033-1917 (303) 940-2300 PI: Dr. Shawn Sapp (303) 940-2338 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0065 |
COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES
Dept. of Chemistry/Geochem. Golden, CO 80401-1887 (303) 273-3610 ID#: F033-0160 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-004 Awarded: 9/2/2003 |
| Title: Conductive Polymer Elastomers as Gap Treatment Material for Aircraft | |
| Abstract: The Air Force maintains a fleet of aircraft that depend on low-observability to successfully carry out their missions. This low-observability depends on a continuity of electrical conductivity at the outer mold line of the aircraft, and thus the panel seams and gaps must be filled with a conducting material. Currently, metal-filled elastomers or resins are used, but these materials suffer from poor durability and repairs are difficult and time consuming due to the slow cure rates. TDA Research, Inc. (TDA) has identified a new material that combines good electronic properties with excellent flexibility and elongation and could be an attractive alternative to metal-filled gap sealants. This material contains both an elastomeric and a conducting polymer component. During Phase I TDA will synthesize the new material, and optimize its structure and formulation based on detailed characterization carried out in the laboratories of both TDA and the Colorado School of Mines. A successful project will lead to the synthesis, development and application of a flexible conducting material, which could be used to replace heavy and expensive metal-filled composites used as gaskets, seals, or gap treatments wherever conductivity must be maintained or static charge dissipated. Flexible conducting materials with good mechanical properties could also be used as electromagnetic shielding and antistatic packaging materials for electronic components. | |
| THERMAL WAVE IMAGING, INC.
845 Livernois Street Ferndale, MI 48220-2308 (248) 414-3730 PI: Dr. Steven M. Shepard (248) 414-3730 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE
OVPR, 210 Hullihen Hall Newark, DE 19716 (302) 831-8001 ID#: F033-0264 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: Induction-based Thermographic Inspection of Composites | |
| Abstract: Rapid growth in the performance and capabilities of thermography, and the increased use of composite materials in the construction and repair of military and commercial aircraft, has strongly positioned it as a viable NDI technique. In Phase I, Thermal Wave Imaging, Inc. and UD-CCM propose to develop an AC coupled, non-contact Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) technique that can evaluate 3-D state of carbon fiber composite structures using their inherent electrical resistance characteristics. The technique relies on low-power induction heating to generate small levels of local 3-D volumetric heating and subsequent thermal image evaluation for defect and damage detection. The 3-D heat generation profile is a function of the inherent carbon fiber-based electrical resistance network in the composite and any changes in the network due to damage or defects will affect heat generation capability (pattern and temperature). In addition, the presence of damage or defects will cause localized magnetic flux concentrations (same concept as eddy current sensors) resulting in localized heating at the defect, making them easily detectable. The proposed technique has many advantages including the elimination of interconnects and embedded sensors, scanning of large surface areas rapidly, usability with current in-service structures and the use of industry standard induction and IR detection hardware. Successful development and implementation of the proposed induction heating based thermography system, for detecting and quantifying size and depth of damage in composite components, will fill a wide-spread void in current capability for both commercial and military aerospace industry segments. Conventional NDI techniques such as UT, and X-ray have shown limited success for this particular need, not to mention long inspection times, high cost of operation, health and safety issues, and inadequate portability. Our Phase I proposal was formulated based on input from current and prospective customers in Government and private aerospace manufacturing, service, and R&D, including Air Force, Navy, NASA, commercial airline, and military NDE personnel. We found that several major aerospace and power generation customers (Boeing, Airbus, GKN Westland, Lockheed-Martin, Siemens Westinghouse, GE) were still using conventional inspection techniques such as UT, and X-ray for detection of sub-surface defects with moderate success, not to mention long inspection times, high cost of operation, health and safety issues, and inadequate portability. These customers indicated a high degree of interest in an NDI system that would incorporate the advanced features of the pulsed systems that they were using on other applications. | |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 (978) 856-4161 PI: Dr. Arthur Gavrin (978) 856-4141 Contract #: |
SOUTHERN RESEARCH INSTITUTE
757 Tom Martin Drive Birmingham, AL 35211 (205) 581-2436 ID#: F033-0125 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: Multifunctional Fibers for Self Diagnosis of Composite Structures | |
| Abstract: Triton's team proposes to adapt an existing in-situ nondestructive health monitoring systems (SmartFiberO) for a new class of high performance polymer composites that will evaluate tensile, compressive and flexure stress inducing test geometries. Triton's SmartFiberO system, which uses changes in electrical properties of in-situ structural fibers to measure structural integrity, has been demonstrated in ceramic composites. The proposed system can be seamlessly integrated into current composite manufacturer's process specifications. Triton's team will evaluate the three stress inducing test geometries for failure modes and mechanisms. The identified modes will be related to the data obtained from the state of the technology nondestructive testing to understand the evolution and criticality of the damage induced from the various modes of failure. The monitoring system will be utilized to determine the criticality of damage to the composite geometry and failure mechanisms. Calibration of the system will allow predictive tools for the estimation of damage criticality of the composites, by relating the results to physical network models and mechanical models of the damage in composites. The implementation of advanced composites into DoD and NASA application requires a reliable tool for inspecting structures for performance and life limiting microstructural damage and defects formed both in manufacture and while in use or storage. The broad range of composite structures that are already qualified and fielded requires that an inspection method be compatible with current systems, while new designs are using more complex and new materials for which no inspection techniques currently exist. A reliable inspection tool will not only reduce total life cycle costs and reduce down time for inspection of current systems, but will allow the insertion of new composite materials that promise to improve performance and reduce cost in many DoD, NASA and commercial applications. | |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 (978) 856-4161 PI: Mr. Apporvah Shah (978) 856-4159 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE
201 Composites Manufacturing, Science Laboratory Newark, DE 19716 (302) 831-0274 ID#: F033-0025 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-018 Selected for Award |
| Title: Nanocomposites for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites | |
| Abstract: Triton Systems, Inc proposes to address key issues with high temperature carbon fiber polymer matrix composites such as (i) low impact properties, (ii) microcracking during fabrication and thermal cycling, (iii) high temperature mechanical stability and (iv) hydrothermal degradation, to improve their operating range for the US Air Force. Triton Systems, Inc has teamed with the Center for Composite Materials (UD-CCM) at the University of Delaware to design and develop advanced carbon fiber reinforced high temperature polymer matrix composites (PMC). These composites will be fabricated using nanoparticle reinforced high temperature resin matrices and carbon fibers sized with innovative elastomeric sizings capable of chemically bonding with the matrix. Improvements seen in matrix resin mechanical properties at relatively small loadings together with enhanced fiber/matrix interface properties, will synergistically combine to make a stronger composite with higher operating temperatures, higher thermal stability, better impact strength and long-term durability. Polymer matrix composites that can withstand high operating temperatures, corrosive environments, thermal and hydrothermal degradation will find tremendous applications in various industries, both military and commercial. These include aerospace, civil aviation aircraft structures, naval composite structures, bridge and infrastructure building and rehabilitation, and under the hood automobile applications and chemical storage tanks. | |
| ULTRAVIOLET SCIENCES, INC.
4334 Valle Vista San Diego, CA 92103-1255 (619) 368-6590 PI: Dr. James Randall Cooper (619) 368-6590 Contract #: |
OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY
Hampton Boulevard Norfolk, VA 93529 (757) 683-4625 ID#: F033-0273 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-019 Selected for Award |
| Title: Ultraviolet Generation by Atmospheric Pressure Micro-Hollow Cathode Discharges | |
| Abstract: A new deep-ultraviolet light source has been developed which employs a microhollow cathode discharge formed in cathode cavities with dimension on the order of 100ŸnŸYm. The hollow-cathode lamp has numerous advantages over other light sources, including operation at relatively low voltages in a quiescent DC or repetitively pulsed mode, linear control of the intensity by controlling the current, scalability to large areas in a planar geometry, and a radiant emittance exceeding that of commercially available excimer lamps by more than an order of magnitude. This proposal describes a program to address and resolve key issues for converting this developmental ultraviolet source into a practical, manufacturable light system for use in a number of applications. This program will lead to the production of a low cost, high radiant emittance, long lifetime, large area excimer lamp which can cover a wavelength range from 76 nm to 308 nm. Applications of these novel excimer lamps are in UV polymerization and surface photo-chemistry, photolithography, bacterial decontamination, pollution control and pollutant decomposition, and lighting This work will lead to a low cost, high efficincy light source which can provide cost/performance benefits over existing light sources in the areas of UV curing, photolithography (including semiconductor), bacterial decontamination of surfaces, pollution control and lighting applications. | |
| VESCENT PHOTONICS
2927 Welton St. Denver, CO 80205 (303) 296-6766 PI: Dr. Scott Davis (720) 422-5050 Contract #: F49620-03-C-0053 |
JILA
University of Colorado, PO Box 440 Boulder, CO 80309 (303) 492-8857 ID#: F033-0356 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-002 Awarded: 9/2/2003 |
| Title: Photonic "nose" for chemo- and bio-agent detection: a novel surface enhanced Raman approach | |
| Abstract: Surface enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) has great potential as a tool chemical and biological detection. First, ultra-sensitivity is provided by remarkable Raman enhancement factors (>10^14); even delving into the ultimate limit for any sensor, single molecule detection. Second, since Raman scattering does not require a fluorescent analyte, SERS offers great generality in the range of detectable target molecules. Third, high-resolution Raman spectroscopic "fingerprints" provide excellent specificity, i.e., the ability to uniquely identify and discriminate amongst numerous target and non-target contaminant molecules (for larger bio-molecules Raman "tags" can be incorporated into highly specific receptor molecules). In order to capitalize on this potential, however, one requires a synthesis technique and manufacturing protocol for reliable, reproducible and quantitative "SERS-active" detection sites, all in a form factor suitable for integration with other sensor elements. The primary focus of the phase I effort will be to assess the applicability of new photo-generated SERS-active synthesis techniques for sensor applications. Additionally, potential designs for a phase II detection system will be constructed and assessed. Ultra-sensitive chemical and biological detection would provide enabling performance improvements in numerous and varied applications. Examples range from environmental monitoring, to detection of chemical and biological weapons, to unearthing of land-mines and unexploded ordnances, to medical breath analysis, and to industrial monitoring of leaks in subterranean pipes or storage tanks (only trace quantities of leaked chemicals migrate to the surface for detection). The inherent importance of these applications, which are only a few of many, illustrates the magnitude of potential benefits resulting from the advancement of ultra-sensitive chemical detection technology. | |
| VIRTUAL AEROSURFACE TECHNOLOGIES
430 Tenth Street, N.W., Suite S-203 Atlanta, GA 30318-0390 (404) 385-4109 PI: Dr. Tom Crittenden (404) 894-5212 Contract #: |
GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Office of Sponsored Programs, 505 Tenth Street, N.W. Atlanta, GA 30332-0420 (404) 894-6929 ID#: F033-0217 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-014 Selected for Award |
| Title: Combustion-Based Actuator for Flow Control in Transonic Flight Applications | |
| Abstract: Combustion powered actuation (COMPACT) technology was developed at Georgia Tech for high-speed flow control applications. COMPACT produces a pulsed jet by the ignition of a mixture of fuel and oxidizer in a miniature (cm3-scale) combustion chamber. The combustion creates a rapid pressure rise in the chamber and the subsequent ejection of a high-speed jet through a single or multiple orifices. Chamber pressures up to 5 atm have been achieved in prototype devices and yielded sonic orifice velocities and high jet momentum coefficients suitable for aerodynamic flow control (shock control, separation, drag reduction, etc.) at transonic or supersonic speeds. Reactants flow into the chamber is regulated by passive fluidic valves such that COMPACT operates without moving parts and presents minimal infrastructure requirements. Liquid fuel COMPACT arrays that are batch-fabricated, lightweight, with integrated plumbing and electronics can be realized and are the focus of the proposed STTR research. The proposed work will characterize and optimize the performance of COMPACT actuators that are driven by liquid fuel (using atomization or fuel reforming) and will include the development of high-volume MEMS-based batch fabrication approaches. COMPACT performance will be demonstrated in two transonic wind tunnel tests to be performed by the Boeing Company. The ability of combustion-powered actuators (COMPACT) to control aerodynamic flows at transonic and supersonic speeds has the potential to dramatically alter the flight envelope of commercial and military aircraft. It is envisioned that the first application of COMPACT to flight platforms will be demonstrated by Boeing in transonic wind tunnel test of drag reduction with potential future implementation in high-speed, high-maneuverability transonic aircraft. It is anticipated that the total fuel (same as for engines) consumption by COMPACT actuation will be very low compared to other energy expenditures during flight. Initially discrete COMPACT arrays will be used to augment conventional control surfaces, and later designs may become fully distributed to optimize control authority over the entire wing potentially replacing conventional control surfaces. It is likely that initial flight demonstration will take place on UAV-class aircraft and once reliability is proven, adoption would next occur in manned military aircraft. Eventually, this mode of actuation may find use on commercial aircraft. The ultimate vision of the company is to develop and commercialize jet actuators that are more efficient and cost-effective than conventional control surfaces. Commercialization of the technology will proceed down two paths. The first path will involve selling COMPACT devices to researchers in the fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, and MEMS scientific communities. A large market exists for small, high-control-authority actuators for a variety of scientific experiments; e.g., aerodynamic control on lifting surfaces, control of internal flows in ducts, fluidic-based mechanical actuation (e.g., exoskeletons and robotics), etc. The second path will build on the substantial interest that The Boeing Company has shown in implementing this actuation technology in military and commercial platforms. | |
| W. E. RESEARCH LLC
4360 San Juan Ct Rosamond, CA 93560 (661) 275-5028 PI: Mr. John Schilling (661) 275-6795 Contract #: |
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
Stanford University, Terman Engineering Center Stanford, CA 94305-4027 (650) 725-2020 ID#: F033-0281 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-016 Selected for Award |
| Title: Solid Diamond Insulators for Hall Thrusters | |
| Abstract: The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate greatly extended lifetimes for existing Hall Effect Thruster (HET) designs by using solid diamond components. Polycrystaline diamond is now readily available as an engineering ceramic in sizes suitable for use in HET's because of the rapid progress made in plasma-assisted Chemical Vapor Disposition. Diamond has many superior chemical and physical properties, most notably thermal conductivity and resistance to sputtering, that make it an ideal choice for the insulating material of an HET. A notorious problem with Hall Effect Thrusters is that they don''t scale down in size efficently. Even thier lifetime reduces out of proportion with size. This improvement would open a whole new catagory of spacecraft to the use of medium and low power HETs. It has the potentenial to increase the life of high power HETs to the point where they are superior to Ion thruster now used for deep space missions. | |
| W. E. RESEARCH LLC
4360 San Juan Ct Rosamond, CA 93560 (661) 275-5028 PI: Mr. John Schilling (661) 275-6895 Contract #: |
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
Dept of Mechanical Engineering, Terman Engineering Center Stanford, CA 94305-4027 (650) 725-2020 ID#: F033-0365 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-027 Selected for Award |
| Title: Energetic Micro PPT Propellent | |
| Abstract: In this proposal we intend to modify an existing Micro-PPT to use an energetic propellent known as ECESP. The fuel ignites and burns only when electrical current is applied. It also survives the electrical discharge of a Pulsed Plasma Thruster without carbonization or charring. By appling to different type of electrical current, we can force the thruster to operate in an eletrcothermal or electromagnetic mode. With this advancement one ACS thruster can now do two jobs. Thus saving the mass of a second system. | |
| ZN TECHNOLOGY, INC.
910 Columbia Street Brea, CA 92821 (562) 809-2530 PI: Mr. Gene Cantwell (714) 350-5432 Contract #: |
RUTGERS UNIVERSITY
94 Brett Road Piscataway, NJ 08854 (732) 445-3466 ID#: F033-0229 Agency: AF Topic#: 03-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: Zinc Oxide-based Spintronic Devices | |
| Abstract: Zinc oxide is a versatile material, with a wide direct band gap (~3.3eV) with the potential for highly efficient light emitters and detectors, very high radiation hardness, and has high electromechanical coupling coefficients. In addition, transition metal doped ZnO has potential for sprintronics applications. This project will develop the mechanisms for realization of new spintronics devices based on the ZnO material system. Applications for spintronics devices will continue to emerge as their capabilities expand. In the case of ZnO devices, UV lasers with spin-selective transitions for polarized radiation, Modulation of polarization with external bias or magnetic fields, and sensors taking advantage of the properties of ZnO are just a few of the potential applications. | |
| -9 2 -6.LLC
26 Beckett Way, Suite 2 Ithaca, NY 14850 (607) 592-5773 PI: Dr. Hector Abruna (607) 255-4720 Contract #: DAAD1903C0100 |
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
Office of Sponsored Programs, 120 Day Hall Ithaca, NY 14853-8601 (607) 255-6841 ID#: A033-0214 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-010 Awarded: 18Aug03 |
| Title: Planar Microfluidic Membraneless Fuel Cells | |
| Abstract: The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of developing compact 1-10 W fuel cell systems based on the novel, revolutionary, concept of planar microfluidic membraneless fluid cell (PM2FC) recently invented and demonstrated by the authors of this proposal. The PM2FC concept is closely related to microchannel, membraneless fuel cells (MMC's) that have been previously described in the literature. Just as for MMC's, the PM2FC concept is based on laminar flow of fuel and oxidant solutions separated by a "virtual membrane" that allows for proton conductivity, while minimizing mixing of the two solutions. The novel PM2FC design proposed offers an exciting opportunity for fabricating industrially-scalable models of 1-10W (and ostensibly higher) membraneless fuel cells. Issues that will be addressed in the Phase I of this project include: (1) cell geometry optimization; (2) materials issues, such as electrode type and microstructure; and (3) new fuel/oxidizer combinations, emphasizing those that have proven unsuitable for conventional PEM-based fuel cells. The need for a compact, reliable, light fuel cell, capable of increased power and fewer logistics problems cannot be overstated. Both military, Army in particular, and industry are working intensely on developing such devices. The PM2FC design, if successful, will open remarkable opportunities both for federal and civil markets. In this case, -9 2-6.LLC will enter in R&D agreements with ARO and ARL, to assure that the new fuel cell will be designed and built according to the military specifications in the shortest possible time. In the commercial sector, the company plans to pursue various applications, mainly in small power sources for consumer electronics - the market that might grow extremely rapidly in the coming years. The plan is to build a successful manufacturing facility in Ithaca, NY, - an area with a high concentration of skillful labor, which, unfortunately, has lately seen a significant economic downturn. | |
| ACCESS BIO, INC.
675 U.S. Highway 1 North Brunswick, NJ 08902 (650) 996-9709 PI: Mr. Jaean Jung (732) 246-7400 Contract #: DAMD1703C0098 |
HARVARD INSTITUTE OF MEIDCINE
77 Ave. Louis Pasteur Boston, MA 02115 (617) 441-9731 ID#: A033-0044 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-028 Awarded: 15Aug03 |
| Title: Production of Ready-to-use DNA-based Diagnostics Kit for Dengue Virus Detection | |
| Abstract: Dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS) have emerged as the most important arthropod-borne viral diseases of humans. There are four distinct dengue virus types (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4), each capable of causing disease in humans. The conserved 3_-noncoding sequences of four dengue virus serotypes have been successfully utilized to develop as a TaqMan-based RT-PCR (funded by MIDRP STO A/L) to quantitatively identify dengue viruses from different regions of the world. The 0bjective of this phase I proposal is to transit the mature real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technology of the dengue 3_-noncoding region based assay system (develop by Walter Reed Army Institute of Research) into a field deployable and user-friendly diagnostics device, so that the dengue diagnostics technology can be used in the dengue-endemic areas where the US military may be deployed in the future. Access Bio will optimize and scale up production of the fluorogenic RT-PCR reagent kits for serotype-specific dengue virus detection. We will develop lyophilized kit components, then evaluate the kit sensitivity, specificity, and stability using various concentrations of cultured dengue virus or dengue virus cDNA. Access Bio has developed a proprietary fluorescence technology that we will prove for this application. According to the Center for Disease Control, as of 1997 dengue became the most important mosquito-borne viral disease affecting humans. Its global distribution is comparable to that of malaria and an estimated 2.5 billion people live in areas at risk for epidemic transmission. Each year, tens of millions of cases of dengue fever occur and, depending on the year, up to hundreds of thousands of cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). In addition, increased travel by airplane provides the ideal mechanism for transporting dengue viruses between population centers of the tropics, resulting in a constant exchange of dengue viruses and other pathogens. After successful research in the phase I study and followed by extensive research in phase II, this system could be immediately commercialized through the US military, the Center for Disease Control, US public health agencies, the Pan American Health Organization, and health organizations in countries where dengue is endemic. If this technology is feasible, we will license out the products developed to partner larger diagnostics companies for marketing. Given the increased the spread of dengue virus epidemic transmission concerns, the products developed to detect serotype specific dengue virus will likely see considerable market opportunity. | |
| ACTA INCORPORATED
2790 Skypark Drive, Suite 310 Torrance, CA 90505 (310) 530-1008 PI: Dr. G. Wije Wathugala (310) 530-1008 Contract #: DAAD1903C0088 |
LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY
Group T-3, P.O. Box 1663, Mail Stop B216 Los Alamos, NM 87545 (505) 667-4156 ID#: A033-0109 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-003 Awarded: 1Aug03 |
| Title: Advanced Computational Algorithms for Simulating Weapon-Target Interaction | |
| Abstract: This STTR project will develop and validate a robust, scalable computational capability for the simulation of weapon-target interactions of interest to the Army. The proposed algorithm is based on the FLIP (Fluid Implicit Particle) - MPM (Material Point Method) - MFM (Multiphase Flow Method) approach and the CartaBlanca nonlinear solver environment developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory. CartaBlanca can solve coupled problems involving (a) failure and penetration of solids, (b) heat transfer, (c) phase change, (d) chemical reactions, and (e) multiphase flow. It is designed with GUI capabilities to utilize multiple processors on a single computer or on computer clusters. It is written entirely in Java programming language, and is easily ported to many computer platforms. In Phase I, we propose to demonstrate the capabilities of the FLIP-MPM-MFM approach by solving a classic problem where a lead bullet impacts and penetrates an aluminum plate, and compare results with experimental data. In Phase II, we will validate the algorithm by simulating complex weapon-target interaction problems and comparing them to existing available experimental data using ACTA?s Nonlinear Model V&V Toolbox. In Phase III, we plan to use CartaBlanca to develop Fast Running Models for simulating weapon-target interaction in the Tri-Services Modular Effectiveness Vulnerability Assessment (MEVA)code. This project will result in a validated advanced computational algorithm that can be used for virtual testing of military systems for survivability and design studies. Full scale testing of weapon-target interaction problems is expensive and time consuming. In contrast, virtual testing using validated simulation software can be performed anywhere safely, quickly and economically for multiple scenarios. Virtual testing also allows the Army to test future weapons with environments that may not be accessible for testing. Because of mesh tangling, commercially available Lagrangian codes are not suitable for simulating the secondary debris created by impact detonation of army munitions on urban structures. The new algorithm developed by LANL overcomes these difficulties. The validated LANL code will be used to develop Fast Running Models (FRMs) that capture the important aspects of HFPB (High Fidelity Physics Based) models. These FRMs can be used for quick assessments, including probabilistic Monte Carlo analysis, by personnel who are not computational mechanics experts. | |
| AGENTASE LLC
3636 Boulevard of the Allies, Suite B-17 Pittsburgh, PA 15213 (412) 209-7430 PI: Dr. Keith LeJeune (412) 209-7298 Contract #: DAAD1903C0080 |
BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE
2012 Tollgate Road, Suite 206 Bel Air, MD 21015 (410) 306-8632 ID#: A033-0045 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-014 Awarded: 7Aug03 |
| Title: Improved Kit for Chemical Detection | |
| Abstract: Agentase seeks Phase I STTR support to develop a kit of sensors for the detection of chemical weapons. The proposed effort builds upon an active program to develop chemical sensors based upon Agentase's patented enzyme-polymer biosensor technology. Work will be conducted in two major areas. First, a prototype vesicant sensor will be crafted using similar approaches and techniques as those used in developing Agentase's existing nerve and blood agent sensors. Specifically, enzymes known to be susceptible to inactivation via blister agents will first be tested for inhibition sensitivity toward alkylating agents and arsenic compounds using standard high throughput screening techniques. Effective substrate formulations and delivery systems will then be established for those target enzymes showing promise in sensor development. Substrates must be sufficiently stable for adequate shelf life and enable enzyme activity to be visually assessed. Viable enzyme / substrate combinations will be incorporated within Agentase polymers and used in proof-of-concept demonstrations for chemical identification, including live agent validation. After identifying a viable vesicant sensor(s), a small kit will be designed to accommodate Agentase's nerve, blood, and the prototype blister agent sensors. The resulting kit will be simple to employ and shall have no logistical or power requirements. While there are products in the market that can presently be used to detect a variety of chemical weapons, those products tend to fall in one of two broad categories. The first type of product uses simple chemical approaches to detect agents via colorimetric techniques. Representative products include M256 kits, gas detection tubes, and paper detection products. These products range in complexity and price but are all highly susceptible to interference and are not compatible with on-line monitoring. The second product category includes more complex spectrophotometric and chromatographic equipment such as the CAM and portable IR devices. Devices such as the portable IR can be less sensitive to chemical interference but are very expensive to purchase and maintain. Proper deployment of the unit also requires at least one highly trained operator. Effective utilization of the Agentase approaches will result in the development of CW/TIC sensors having the cost and simplicity the simple sensors combined with the sensitivity and interference resistance of the more expensive devices. These attributes combined with being portable and having continuous monitoring adaptability make the proposed Agentase sensors very attractive in many applications. | |
| BIOSAFE INC.
125 Marble Dr McMurray, PA 15317 (412) 680-3224 PI: Dr. Gerry Getman (412) 680-3224 Contract #: DAAD1903C0087 |
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH
McGowan Inst for Reg. Medicine, 100 Technology Dr Pittsburgh, PA 15219-3130 (412) 235-5200 ID#: A033-0031 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-012 Awarded: 14Aug03 |
| Title: Biocidal Textiles for Soldier Protection and Homeland Defense | |
| Abstract: The proposed research seeks to exploit ongoing research in the area of polymeric biocidal materials immobilized on solid surfaces such as textiles (e.g. cotton, 50/50 cotton/nylon blends, and polyester) to generate a protective shell fabric for a protective suit that actively decontaminates biological species, an antimicrobial undergarment, or environmentally friendly mildewcides for cotton-based shelters. Protection against biological weapons is a key military and civilian requirement and recent events in the U.S. and around the world have clearly reinforced this need. The objective of this proposed work is to demonstrate the feasibility of producing a superadherant polymeric antimicrobial coating on fabrics using a polymeric quaternary ammonium biocide (QAB) prepared by a patented1 process to permanently fix the QAB to cotton-based fabric surfaces. This process promises a new class of polymeric biocidal coatings that are resistant to degradation from laundering, long term wear and high temperature storage. A non-polymeric commercial biocide is currently being marketed for antimicrobial protection of cotton fabrics. These fabrics are presently being marketed for odor and mildew control. The efficacy of the QAB has been found to be broad spectrum and very cost effective. The biocide is marketed by Aegis Environmental under the MicrobeShield trade mark. While the efficacy of this biocide has been found to be exceptional for control molds and mildew, efficacy has not been determined for bio terror species. BIOSAFE has spent the last five years confirming through internal research and testing that the Biosafe Process is an effective method to form a polymeric interpentrating network om solid surfaces using the Aegis MicrobeShield product , and that its active antimicrobial chemistry retains all of its antimicrobial qualities and characteristics when applied by BIOSAFE to a wide range of products and materials. As a result, BIOSAFE believes it has evidence of the market superiority of its antimicrobial application and of the qualities that will convincingly differentiate BIOSAFE in the anti bio terrriosm market. The BIOSAFE Process is superior because: ú BIOSAFE's antimicrobial application creates a self-sterilizing, non-leaching, permanent antimicrobial surface. This antimicrobial action is effective against a wide spectrum of gram negative and gram-positive bacteria, yeast, molds, and fungi. ú BIOSAFE's active QAB has been proven to be non-cytotoxic, to contain no carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, or reproductive toxins. In addition, extensive testing has demonstrated that there are no untoward effects due to acute or repeated eye, skin or oral exposure to the QAB. ú The fast acting and broad-spectrum qualities of the BIOSAFE process makes it an appropriate alternative for fighting bioterrorism. ú All early stage calculations demonstrate that the direct "add on" costs to be incurred to apply BIOSAFE's application to a product/material are minimal. The BIOSAFE's process permanently incorporates AEGIS's antimicrobial agent within the treated material. This is accomplished by coating the surface of the material with the QAB and allowing the QAB to permeate the pores of the surface. The QAB is subsequently polymerized in-situ using a catalyst. The net effect is to bind the QAB to the surface permanently by forming an inter penetrating network with the surface of the material being treated. This process is a truly revolutionary and innovative solution to the bacterial threat: the antimicrobial agent is non cytotoxic; effects a kill instantly by disrupting the cell membrane, eliminating any possibility for mutation, adaptation, or resistance; has a broad kill range; is environmentally friendly; and the BIOSAFE process is extremely cost effective, and ensures non-leaching and permanent effectively. This absence of leaching is a key feature of the BIOSAFE application. In repeated testing it was confirmed that there were no detectable levels of BIOSAFE's chemistry in tested solutions, even when the treated material was immersed in the solution for extended periods of time. BIOSAFE's active chemical agent attacks the cell wall and membrane of the bacteria. This creates an effective "very quick kill" environment without the risk of bacterial cell mutation, or the evolution of "super resistant" bacteria that may render other antimicrobial agents ineffective. BIOSAFE's active QAB has been proven to be non-cytotoxic, to contain no carcinogens, teratogens, mutagens, or reproductive toxins. In addition, extensive testing has demonstrated that there are no untoward effects due to acute or repeated eye, skin or oral exposure to the QAB. | |
| CALABAZAS CREEK RESEARCH, INC.
20937 Comer Drive Saratoga, CA 95070-3753 (650) 595-2168 PI: Dr. Carol Kory (440) 871-0940 Contract #: DAAD1903C0089 |
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN
1415 Engineering Drive Madison, WI 53706 (608) 262-8548 ID#: A033-0028 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-007 Awarded: 8Aug03 |
| Title: High Frequency MEMS-based TWTS using Novel Interaction Circuits and Beam Sources | |
| Abstract: We propose to investigate innovative, wideband, traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) compatible with three-dimensional (3D) micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) fabrication techniques for millimeter or sub-millimeter wave applications. At least three novel interaction circuits designed around MEMS fabrication technology will be investigated, as well as a novel electron beam source using field emission array (FEA) technology, PPM focusing and depressed collector operation. The overall objective will be to integrate several TWT components into the fabrication procedure to avoid conventional assembly and alignment procedures, which become increasingly difficult at higher frequencies. The batch nature of MEMS fabrication corresponds to repeatability of components resulting in increased yields and reliability, and reduced cost. During the Phase I effort, advanced, state of the art simulation tools will be used to thoroughly investigate each innovative interaction circuit for its thermal and electrical performance. In parallel, MEMS fabrication techniques will be explored for each circuit and the limitations on frequency and power will be established. Operation from Ka-band to THz frequencies will be considered. Based on the results, representative structures will be fabricated and characterized. In addition, all major tube components will be designed, including a novel electron beam source using FEA technology, PPM focusing and depressed collector. Commercial and military satellites are spectrum challenged and are likely to be moving into the high frequency bands in the future. High-frequency devices with significant increase in yield, and reduction in the size and weight of the TWTA components would have major implications for defense and commercial products for radar and communications systems, particularly if there is an increase in reliability and flexibility. Size and weight constraints are often the driving factor in implementation in airborne systems used widely in the defense and aerospace industries. The impact on personal communications systems could also be quite large if the implementation costs are reduced. A typical commercial satellite employs on the order of 50-100 TWTA's; thus, the proposed weight and volume reductions would cause major savings to the satellite operator. In addition, by increasing the efficiency of the amplifiers on a communications satellite, it becomes possible to add additional channels without increasing the capacity of the power system. The resulting increased communications capacity can be translated into increased revenue for the satellite operator that has an estimated value of $5M per percentage point of efficiency. The proposed product has great potential for dual (military as well as commercial) use. The probable military customers include US Navy for its Cooperative Engagement Capability (CEC) network for defending aircraft carrier battle groups against enemy aircraft and cruise missiles, Army for its EPLRS (Enhanced Position Location Reporting System), and Air Force for its Multi-sensor Command and Control Aircraft, or MC2A. It will integrate AWACS, Joint Stars, and Rivet Joint communications. The FY03 defense budget includes $2.5 billion for programs involving communications in space. Domestic commercial customers will include BSS, Loral, Lockheed Martin, Orbital Sciences Corp., and Northrop Grumman Corp. (formerly TRW). | |
| CFD RESEARCH CORPORATION
215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805 (256) 726-4800 PI: Dr. S. Krishnamoorthy (256) 726-4800 Contract #: DAAD1303P0065 |
BROWN UNIVERSITY
Providence Providence, RI 02912 (256) 726-4858 ID#: A033-0005 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-022 Awarded: 29Jul03 |
| Title: NOVEL MICROFLUIDIC BASED BIO-INSPIRED BATTERY | |
| Abstract: Our objective is to develop (model, design, fabricate and test) a novel, MEMS/microfluidics-based, bio-inspired, stand-alone battery to extract energy from Glucose, using the enzyme Glucose Oxidase. In contrast to conventional technologies, the proposed biobattery promises to be compact/lightweight, require little or no logistical support (re-supply), are reusable and is environment friendly. In Phase I, we will achieve an Order-of-Magnitude (OoM) improvement in power density (up to 1.1 mW/cm2 ) compared to reported literature. This is accomplished via several innovations, (a) MEMS/microfluidics-based liquid handling where mixing difficulties are exploited leading to increased efficiency ("membrane-less"), (b) specially engineered electrodes (polymeric encapsulation of electroactive enzyme/mediator) for maximum electron transfer and (c) use of simulation(physics)-guided approach for design of layout/geometries and protocols, thereby maximizing performance. An already demonstrated, miniaturized dihydroquinone-dioxygen biofuel cell system, together with state-of-the-art, multi-physics (coupled fluidic-thermal-biological-electric) software-suite for the biotech and fuel-cell industry will be the starting points for this synergistic effort. In Phase II, the prototype will be further optimized with a final goal of an integrated lightweight, bio-battery that provides renewable, sustained electricity to power an Objective Force Warrior (OFW) sensor suite. A multi-disciplinary team with proven expertise in biomicrosystems engineering, bioelectrochemistry and microfabrication has been assembled. The major outcome of this project will be a microfluidic, biobattery (based on biomass) that can power applications for both military (OFW etc.) and civilian (microelectronics, biomedical) needs. Total market estimates exceed several hundred million dollars. Licensing arrangements will be negotiated with suitable firms (with necessary skills/infrastructure) that are interested in taking this product to the market. Another valuable by-product of this project is a verified and validated "Micro-bio fuel cell Design Tool". This modeling and design software suite will be marketed to other firms, organizations and researchers engaged in the development of bio (and non-bio) fuel cells. The software market alone is estimated to be approximately $10M per year. | |
| CUSTOM MANUFACTURING & ENGINEERING, INC.
2904 44th Avenue North St. Petersburg, FL 33714 (727) 547-9799 PI: Dr. Stephan Athan (727) 548-0522 Contract #: DAAD1903C0105 |
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
343 Weil Hall Gainesville, FL 32611 (352) 392-9447 ID#: A033-0217 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-018 Awarded: 15Aug03 |
| Title: Remote Detection of Riverine Traffic | |
| Abstract: CME proposes a remote unattended sensor platform to detect powered and unpowered watercraft on riverine and inland waterways in South America. CME will define high level and detailed specifications for a sensor and communications platform and evaluate various active and passive sensors such as infrared, acoustic, RF, and SONAR that can detect targets across a 500-meter river. We will integrate a sensor array into a network centric control and communications architecture, evaluate power sources, power management techniques, and perform analysis to determine expected probability of detection versus false alarms. A Phase I final deliverable will include a detailed configuration matrix listing specifications for system configurations and an analysis showing the expected probability of detection for various system configurations and ambient conditions. Phase I will result in an optimal system hardware and software specification. The Phase II deliverable will be a working system meeting Phase I specifications. CME is experienced in military sensor system development with RF, signal processing, power management, communication, and software and system expertise. CME''''s collaborative partners possess expertise in sonobuoys, RF systems, radar, ultra-wideband, millimeter wave, and digital signal processing. Commercial applications include Homeland Defense, industrial and municipal security, and terrorist threat protection. Recent global sociopolitical events have raised awareness of the value of advanced system architectures such as the one described here. Potential market areas include all aspects of Homeland Security, battlefield environments, remote telemedicine, aviation, commercial and industrial security and surveillance, and protection of public utilities, historic landmarks, and local, state, and federal judicial, executive, and legislative building infrastructure. Hence, the unique combination of advanced COTS and GOTS technologies and the sociopolitical skyline now provide a catalyst for significant growth of this market, especially for companies with mature products and technologies, such as ours. The potential foreign and domestic customer base for our present and future system architecture and variations includes Homeland Defense, DOD, law enforcement agencies, schools and public facilities, farms and vast rural farmland, water supplies, airports, harbors and littoral accesses, lakes, rivers, municipal infrastructures including fire, police, water, electric, and wastewater treatment facilities, hospitals, home health care opportunities, natural disaster response organizations, and world health organizations. Our current business plan includes a transition into nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) sensor integration, noninvasive physiologic monitoring, and in situ monitoring using portable, handheld, devices. | |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451-1196 (781) 684-4242 PI: Dr. Vladimir Guilmanov (781) 684-4174 Contract #: DAAD1903C0092 |
TUFTS UNIVERSITY
Department of Biomedical, Engineering Medford, MA 02155 (617) 627-3251 ID#: A033-0163 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-013 Awarded: 15Aug03 |
| Title: Inducible Surface Hydrophobicity of Microbial Consortia for Biofilm Remediation | |
| Abstract: Microbial degradation is an effective method of decontaminating pools of free-phase pollutants, such as chlorinated solvents and explosives, in groundwater. The formation of microbial consortia capable of residing on free-phase contaminants has been shown recently by the proposer. The population obtained in a continuous selection process exhibited increased surface hydrophobicity, considered to be a key feature for anchoring the biofilm at the interface. The consortia effectively prevented the flux of contaminants into the water layer. After establishing a mature biofilm, the TCE concentration was reduced by 95 percent. The successful deployment of biofilm making organisms requires that their surface hydrophobicity be inducible upon contact with the free-phase substrate, insuring that the organisms will not aggregate and phase separate in aqueous ground flow. Another important feature of the organisms would be their capability to self-destruct after the pollutant was completely degraded. A research effort is proposed to enable the microbial degraders to have the following capabilities: inducible hydrophobicity of cell surface using continuous culture selection and self-destruction of consortia via incorporation of cassettes of suicide plasmids. The objective of the program is to develop microbial consortia that will effectively migrate to, anchor on, localize, and degrade pools of free-phase pollutants. (P-030454) In situ biological remediation is preferred to ex situ treatment because of lower energy and capital investment costs, it is more efficient due to immediate localization of the polluted area, and the aquifers can be completely restored. This development, if successful, will provide a unique opportunity for removing the source of extensive environmental contamination, namely pools of chlorinated solvents and solid residues of explosives. This process can be used not only by the US Department of Defense, but also by commercial firms both in the United States and abroad. | |
| INI POWER SYSTEMS INC.
2810 Lawndale Dr. Champaign, IL 61821 (217) 359-8534 PI: Mr. Larry J. Markoski (217) 359-8534 Contract #: DAAD1903C0094 |
UNIVERSITY OF ILLININOIS (UIUC)
109 Coble Hall, 801 S. Wright St. Champaign, IL 61820-6242 (217) 333-2187 ID#: A033-0104 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-010 Awarded: 8Aug03 |
| Title: Membraneless Microchannel Fuel Cells | |
| Abstract: Following the ARMY03-T10 RFA, it is the goal of INI Power Systems to design, construct and characterize a microchannel-based fuel cell that is capable of producing a 1W power output for this Phase I STTR. Extensive prior work by our academic subcontractor at the University of Illinois on the very type of membraneless fuel cells called for in the RFA has identified the two key issues that need to be addressed to render membraneless fuel cell technology a potential commercially viable power source: (1) the cathode performance being limited by the low solubility of oxygen in water and (2) the low fuel utilization due to the formation of depletion boundary layers. We plan to eliminate these limitations of the single membraneless fuel cell unit by adjustments in the cell design and in the fuel, oxidant and catalyst formulation. Subsequently, multiple cells will be integrated into a stack with common fuel and oxidant feeds in order to create a membraneless fuel cell-based 1W power source. Finally, based on the outcomes of this study, we will propose a vialble design of a membraneless fuel cell based power source capable of producing an output of 10 Watt, the proposed objective for Phase II. The development of the membrane free fuel cell could catapult direct liquid fuel cells to the forefront of portable power applications. In so doing creating a longer life, environmentally friendly alternative to rechargeable batteries. | |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 (301) 294-5215 PI: Dr. Vikram Manikonda (301) 294-5245 Contract #: DAAD1903C0073 |
DUKE UNIVERSITY
D213 LSRC Durham, NC 27708 (919) 660-6539 ID#: A033-0172 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-008 Awarded: 14Jul03 |
| Title: Using Evolving Curves to Track Dynamic Boundaries | |
| Abstract: The key innovation proposed in this STTR effort by Intelligent Automation, Inc. and Duke University is a hybrid level set based algorithm to achieve dynamic perimeter surveillance within a region by constructing an evolving function based on the perceived density of a phenomenon. Drawing on state-of-the-art image processing methodologies, the hybrid solution offers the flexibilities of an Eulerian approach and the natural advantages of a Lagrangian one. In order to handle dynamic perimeter topologies, we characterize the boundary of the region to be monitored as a level set of the evolving function. To ensure validity of data within the region, the robots measure values of the quantity of interest and maintain and propagate an estimate of the evolving function through a finite-element mesh. Every vertex in this mesh corresponds to a moving robot whose trajectories are described in a Lagrangian manner. A key aspect of the proposed innovation is a distributed agent-based implementation of the hybrid-level set algorithm for tracking and propagation of the information across the mesh. We represent the communication between the robots using an ad hoc mobile network and describe a mechanism that handles data collection even when connections between specific robots are broken. With the increasing threat of use of chemical and biological weapon, the need for technology to identify, mark out, and track regions of possible harm has increased. The proposed approach to perimeter surveillance provides a solution to address this problem. The generality of the approach makes it viable for implementation on swarms of various types of robotic vehicles. Depending on the application the algorithms can be implemented on UGVs to track mine fields, surface and underwater vehicles to detect oil spills or even UAVs to aerially track chemical or oil spills, or to track large crowds or troop movement. Our initial customer for the proposed technology will be the DOD. We also anticipate marketing this technology to NASA for deep space missions and planetary surface explorations where perimeter surveillance is critical. | |
| LUNA INNOVATIONS INCORPORATED
2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060-6657 (540) 953-4274 PI: Ms. Michelle Grimm (540) 953-4268 Contract #: DAAD1903C0108 |
NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
Business Services, Box 8301 Raleigh, NC 27695-8301 (919) 515-2444 ID#: A033-0089 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-012 Awarded: 15Aug03 |
| Title: Development of Textiles with Antimicrobial Properties | |
| Abstract: The use of textile materials to impart biocidal or other health-related function is an age-old idea, dating back to the application of ointments and compresses to wounds. In all areas of life, military and civilian, protection from pathogens is a growing concern, and textiles with antimicrobial properties are desired. One would like to have a material that can be resistant to airborne pathogens. This Phase I proposal will demonstrate the feasibility of attaching known biocides to commercially available textile samples, and testing these functionalized textiles for biocidal activity. Previous work has provided a variety of compounds that exhibit biological resistance to different strains of bacteria. Our efforts will center on modifying the surface of the textile fiber and covalently attaching the biocidal agents. The proposed research will yield valuable information relevant to (i)selecting the appropriate biocide, (ii) covalent attachment to the textile, and (iii) evaluating the efficacy of the biocidal textile. A tremendous number of commercial textile products would benefit from this technology, with medical products and protective clothing in the lead. Protective clothing, medical products, selected apparel items (like socks), air filters, carpets and other home furnishings. | |
| LYNNTECH, INC.
7610 Eastmark Drive College Station, TX 77840 (979) 693-0017 PI: Dr. Sorin G. Teodorescu (979) 693-0017 Contract #: DAAD1303P0099 |
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY
Dept. of Chem. Engineering, 104 Fenske Laboratory University Park, PA 16802 (814) 863-4810 ID#: A033-0254 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-022 Awarded: 18Sep03 |
| Title: Metabolic Bio-inspired Batteries | |
| Abstract: The development of a bio-fuel cells are very important power source alternative for stand-alone sensors, implantable devices, biodegradable batteries, being light, cost-effective and catalytically very active. A specially formulated redox polymer will be synthesized and co-immobilized with an oxidoreductase on the surface of the electrodes. The redox polymer will be produced by synthesizing a polymerizable monomer containing an electron acceptor/donor group, in this case organometallic complexes of Ru or Os. This polymer will enhance the stability of the enzyme, increase the electron transfer rate between electrodes and boost the reliability of the bio-fuel cell. This Phase I will: (i) develop the proof-of-concept design to produce usable energy from a biological source (ii) determine the initial working conditions(temperature, pH, solution concentration) and limitations for the biological battery. Development of this technology will make the transition from the actual batteries to the biological ones for stand-alone sensors. With the right design, the bio-fuel cell can be used to power up implantable devices which will work based on the glucose content of the blood (pacemakers, glucose monitors). | |
| LYNNTECH, INC.
7610 Eastmark Drive College Station, TX 77840 (979) 693-0017 PI: Dr. Krzysztof Kwiatkowski (979) 693-0017 Contract #: DAMD1703C0096 |
GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
School of Chem. & Biochemistry Atlanta, GA 30332-0400 (404) 894-4002 ID#: A033-0167 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-027 Awarded: 6Aug03 |
| Title: A Portable and Rugged Base-Deficit Monitor | |
| Abstract: Casualties with vascular injuries can suffer from progressive shock during low-volume resuscitation procedures currently employed by field medics. Base-deficit is an excellent blood indicator of patient risk for progressive shock, and its early determination allows for immediate patient evacuation and alternative resuscitation procedures to be employed. Current base-deficit monitoring devices are very expensive, non-portable, and susceptible to harsh environmental conditions. To facilitate the determination of each casualty risk of progressive shock, an accurate, portable, and rugged blood testing sensor will be developed by Lynntech, Inc., with the collaboration of Georgia Institute of Technology. By combining the pH sensing capabilities of Ion-selective Field-Effect Transistors (ISFETs), embedded within a disposable microfluidics chip, the proposed base-deficit sensor will be less susceptible to harsh environmental conditions typical of battlefields, thereby meeting Army ruggedness standards. ISFETs have proven their potential as microsensors for biomedical analysis, exhibiting important advantages over conventional ion-selective electrodes in terms of small dimensions, low-output impedance, fast response, mass fabrication capability and potential integration within smart sensor array platforms. Lynntech has the required scientific (chemistry, materials science), engineering (mechanical, electronic and design) and laboratory technical expertise (analytical, fabrication-assembly and CAD) to successfully manage and support all aspects of the proposed research and development. The laboratory at Georgia Institute of Technology, run by Dr. Janata, has agreed to collaborate during the development and fabrication of the base-deficit sensor, providing the necessary background in Field Effect Transistor design and manufacturing. Georgia Institute of Technology has a modern Microengineering Research Center that can design and fabricate integrated solid state sensors. The commercialization potential of the portable base-deficit sensor is enormous. Within the $20 billion global market for in-vitro diagnostics, the fastest growing segments are "cutting-edge" diagnostic test systems and technology such as molecular diagnostics, non-invasive technologies, and point-of-care testing. | |
| MANNING APPLIED TECHNOLOGY
419 South Main Street, PO Box 265 Troy, ID 83871-0265 (208) 835-5402 PI: Dr. Christopher Manning (208) 835-5402 Contract #: DAAD1303P0076 |
UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO
Administration Building Moscow, ID 83844 (208) 885-6174 ID#: A033-0125 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-020 Awarded: 5Sep03 |
| Title: Optimal Bioaerosol Sampler | |
| Abstract: The threat of biological attack can be mitigated by deployment of a cost-effective bioaerosol sensor network. For U.S. forces in particular, the high false alarm rate of the Biological Aerosol Warning System is very costly. This project will demonstrate the feasibility of a novel bioaerosol sampling system to enhance optical triggering. The sensitivity and selectivity of FT-IR instruments can provide rapid detection and quantification, but the aerosol background is a daunting problem. Efficiently concentrating the aerosol fraction, separating by size and presenting the aerosol for spectroscopic interrogation is a significant breakthrough that will dramatically improve background rejection. Acoustic field flow fractionation is an economical and powerful method for sorting small particles. An internal archiving system will store the material for subsequent laboratory analysis and database generation, which will provide enhanced statistical discrimination. The tape cartridge and filter wheel will be replaced monthly. Digital signal processing will provide power efficient and rapid data processing at small incremental cost. To prove feasibility in Phase I, a prototype sensor will be mathematically modeled, constructed and tested. Comparison of test and model results will verify optimum performance. Many Homeland Security and commercial opportunities will accrue from development of this technology. The military application for this technology is personnel protection. This effort will dramatically improve the cost/performance ratio of bioaerosol sampling systems, as well as providing a database that will enable statistical analysis of data from a worldwide network of these sensors. The largest market is the government sector, because the terrorist threat is particularly directed a government and military personnel. This technology also has commercial applications, for monitoring and verification of air quality. Conservative estimates indicate a $100 million dollar per year market for this technology. Cost-effectiveness insures capture of a significant market share. | |
| MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
57 MARYANNE DRIVE MONROE, CT 06468-3209 (203) 261-5200 PI: Dr. YOGESH MEHROTRA (203) 874-3100 Contract #: DAAD1903C0106 |
EMORY UNIVERSITY
Oxford Street Atlanta, GA 30322 (404) 727-1035 ID#: A033-0059 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-014 Awarded: 13Aug03 |
| Title: Color-Based PolyOxoMetalate Cellulosic Detector Strips for Chemical Warfare Agents | |
| Abstract: Polyoxometalate (POM) and/or coinage-metal complexes that exhibit dramatic color changes on reaction with chemical warfare agents (CWAs) will be incorporated into cellulose matrices (paper and cotton) by robust electrostatic and covalent bonds to prepare lightweight, easy-to-use, color-indicating CWA-detecting tear strips. These strips are expected to show very high sensitivity to CWAs, and thus be free of false negatives, unlike the existing M8 and M9 papers in current use for CWA detection. Simultaneously, the proposed strips are expected to be far less sensitive to operational theater interferents including water and nonpolar fluids (gasoline, jet fuel and other hydrocarbons, ethylene glycol, sunscreen, oils, etc.) and thus not be susceptible to false positives like the M8 or M9 papers. Specific reaction chemistries and experimental details are presented for detection of HD, VX, GB, GD and cyanide. The reduction potentials and reduction-induced color changes in the detector ("reporter") POM and coinage-metal complexes will be investigated as a function of the elemental compositions, ligands, structures and counterions of the reporter complexes. The rates of color production (CWA simulant oxidation - reporter complex reduction) will also be established and optimized as a function of the same compositional and structural parameters. Color-change response times of the order of 5-15 seconds or less are anticipated. The effective processes for immobilization of the reporter molecules on the cellulosics identified in preliminary work will be studied as a function of several parameters and optimized. Government applications include military use; federal agencies responsible for domestic preparedness - Homeland Security, FEMA, FAA, DoE and Dept of Agriculture, and Health and Human Services; and state and local government agencies. Commercial applications include hospitals and relief agencies such as Red Cross. An efficient kit design would enable the unit to be employed by any emergency first responder including fire, Haz-Mat, and police units. | |
| MAYFLOWER COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY, INC.
23 Fourth Avenue Burlington, MA 01803 (781) 359-9500 PI: Dr. Triveni N. Upadhyay (781) 359-9500 Contract #: DAAD1903C0082 |
RUTGERS UNIVERSITY
Research & Sponsored Programs, ASB III, Rm 348, 3 Rutgers Pl New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8559 (732) 932-0150 ID#: A033-0080 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-005 Awarded: 1Aug03 |
| Title: Short-Range High Data Rate Mobile Wireless Communications System | |
| Abstract: Mayflower Communications Company, Inc.''s (Mayflower) Phase I proposal is responsive to the Army STTR Program objective to develop and demonstrate high data rate, short distance mobile wireless communications system which would allow the transfer of 100''s of Mbps in a range of 50-100 feet from mobile base stations to combat vehicles and dismounted soldiers. Mayflower''s proposed Mobile Data Communications System (MDCS) builds on the work being performed at our research partner (WINLAB, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey) on the Infostation Concept and our work for the Air Force and MDA for high data rate, secure range Telemetry and TSPI system. The MDCS proposal modifies and adapts the Infostation concept, as needed, to meet the Army''s Future Combat System (FCS) program requirements. The MDCS system architecture augments the Infostation radio concept with adaptive ("Smart") antenna to further increase capacity, and consequently, the data rate. The Phase I study will perform trade-off analyses to define the physical layer (the radio air interface) and upper layer protocols and recommend a MDCS system design and architecture that will be prototyped and demonstrated in the follow-on Phase II program. The proposed MDCS architecture will, ideally, fit well with the Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS), providing for software defined control of the radio-link. The Infostation radio (and network) concept of dispersed data islands, trading off ubiquitous coverage for increased data rate, is an emerging new concept to transfer large amounts of data in a mobile wireless data application. The military market for this technology, after it has been demonstrated in a Phase II program, could lead to several thousands of mobile units per year in production. The Infostation concept is one of the few candidates being considered for the commercial, so-called fourth generation (4G), standards. Depending on the market success of the current commercial 3G wireless technology and standards, the 4G technology''s market share is expected to be in hundreds of million dollars to a few billion dollars for the radio equipment. | |
| MEDERGY, INC.
c/o Four Corporate Drive, Suite 488 Shelton, CT 06484 (949) 824-1337 PI: Dr. Douglas C Wallace (949) 824-3490 Contract #: DAAD1903C0118 |
CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY
5000 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15213 (412) 268-8086 ID#: A033-0265 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-015 Awarded: 8Aug03 |
| Title: Mitochondrial Functional Proteomics | |
| Abstract: Mitochondria are intracellular organelles that regulate a number of vital processes in eukaryotic cells. They are not only the primary sites of energy production but are also the primary source of the harmful reactive Oxygen Species that cause oxidative damage to the cell. In addition they regulate the critical process of programmed cell death (apoptosis). Thus proper mitochondrial function is critical to optimal metabolic performance and health. In order to understand the regulation mitochondrial function, and its role in human metabolism and disease it is imperative that we identify all the proteins that function in the mitochondria. In this proposal we detail a unique technology called CD-tagging (Central Dogma Tagging) which we will use to comprehensively identify mitochondrial proteins. At the end of Phase I, we anticipate having a database of 50-100 mitochondrial genes and proteins. In addition, we will have a set of cell lines of equal size, each expressing a single mitochondrial protein in tagged form. By the end of Phase II, the database should contain thousands of entries that collectively cover the majority of the mitochondrial proteins and the genes that encode them, and the cell line collection should be equally as large. Since the tags will reside in mouse ES cells, the potential will exist to generate transgenic animals expressing the tagged genes. These transgenic mouse lines will be invaluable for determining the functions of individual mitochondrial proteins and for exploring means to modulate mitochondrial stability and structure. | |
| MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED
10386B Democracy Lane Fairfax, VA 22030 (703) 293-8910 PI: Dr. Jose E. Velazco (703) 293-8910 Contract #: DAAD1903C0081 |
GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY
4400 University Drive Fairfax, VA 22030-4444 (703) 993-2295 ID#: A033-0099 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-007 Awarded: 1Aug03 |
| Title: Miniature W-band Dielectric Traveling-Wave Tube | |
| Abstract: This project will involve the prototype development of a miniature W-band dielectric traveling-wave tube (DTWT) that will provide short-wavelength radiation for the network-centric Objective Force. The DTWT is based on the novel interaction between a small-diameter electron beam and the electromagnetic fields of a traveling wave inside a very compact dielectric waveguide. The dielectric waveguide is used to slow down the wave and replaces the less efficient helix structures used in conventional traveling-wave tubes. A pioneering step in this development will be the use of solid-state microfabrication techniques for the fabrication of the DTWT components. Our initial studies show the DTWT to be twice as efficient as conventional helix traveling-wave tubes and less sensitive to shock and vibration, making the DTWT ideal for rough battlespace environments. Detailed numerical and computational analyses of this concept are proposed in order to evaluate key issues such as bandwidth, maximum output power, efficiency and gain. Once fully developed, the DTWT should be capable of replacing conventional traveling-wave tubes in telecommunication systems for future space applications by offering substantial improvements over its counterparts in size, weight, and especially efficiency. If successful, the dielectric traveling-wave tube should efficiently provide coherent high-frequency radiation for many civilian and military communication and radio sensing applications. Of particular interest are millimeter-wave sources for airborne radar, satellite communications, wireless television and communications, cellular telephones, and the microwave power module. | |
| MIGMA SYSTEMS, INC.
1600 Providence Highway, Suite 211 Walpole, MA 02081 (508) 660-0328 PI: Dr. Bo Ling (508) 660-0328 Contract #: DAAD1903C0102 |
CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY
ECE Department Pittsburgh, PA 15213 (412) 268-2464 ID#: A033-0006 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-009 Awarded: 11Aug03 |
| Title: New SVM Hierarchical Classifier Fusion | |
| Abstract: This proposal is aimed at the investigation, development and implementation of a hierarchical multi-class target classification system suitable for dynamically changing conditions in the battle field. New support vector representation and discrimination machine (SVRDM) classifiers are proposed. Each classifier is a separate classifier that distinguishes one class from all of the rest. This architecture involves a tree structure of C-1 classifiers rather than a single layer set of C-1 classifiers. Our proposed approach uses only a subset of classifiers in any application in traversing a path to a bottom decision node. Thus, the number of required calculations is reduced and the classification results are greatly improved. The multiple classifiers are further fused via the statistical decision theory for robust performance of overall classification. Moreover, our new SVRDM has the ability to reject non-object inputs. This feature is incorporated into the hierarchical system with the classifier at each node. Since the classes being separated by each classifier are different, we propose to use different features at the different levels and in the different classifiers of the hierarchy. If successful, this project would make a profound impact on the design and development of the next generation ATR systems found in military applications. Our innovative multi-class classification system developed in Phase I and II has a great potential for commercial success. The immediate market will be the defense industry in the United States. Our core technologies can also be applied to medical institutions for disease diagnosis, process monitoring, weather monitoring, air traffic control monitoring, pollution monitoring, natural disaster assessment and natural resource management. | |
| MITOKOR INC.
11494 Sorrento Valley Rd San Diego, CA 92121 (858) 509-5615 PI: Dr. Eoin Fahy (858) 509-5611 Contract #: DAAD1903C0117 |
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO
EBU-1 5406, 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla, CA 92093-0412 (858) 822-0986 ID#: A033-0039 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-015 Awarded: 25Aug03 |
| Title: Mitochondrial Functional Proteomics | |
| Abstract: Mitochondria are the organelles that play a central role in energy production in eukaryotic cells. Besides their bioenergetic function, mitochondria regulate cell death, modulate ionic homeostasis, oxidize carbohydrates and fatty acids, and participate in multiple other catabolic and anabolic pathways. It is estimated that there are 1000-2000 distinct mitochondrial proteins, many of wich have not yet been identified. The invesigators propose to undertake a comprehensive mapping of the mitochondrial proteome using mouse heart as a tissue source. Mitochondria will be isolated, purified and separated using a variety of protocols developed and optimized in-house. Detection of low-abundance proteins will be facilitated by first fractionating the mitochondria into their various sub-compartments. The protein components of these subfractions will then be subjected to two complimentary mass spectrometry techniques. Data analysis using high-throughput informatics approaches will allow identification of these proteins with high sensitivity. Furthermore, immunodepletion of high-abundance mitochondrial proteins (such as electron transport chain subunits) using specific antibodies will also be employed to identify mitochondrial proteins present at lower levels in these fractions. Identification of novel mitochondrial proteins and pathways which are involved in human diseases connected with mitochondrial dysfunction. Elucidation of key mitchondrial intermediates involved in signaling pathways which modulate mitochondrial biogenesis and energy utilization, with a view to developing drugs or food supplements for enhancement of mitchondrial function and physical performance. Identification of mitochondrial proteins involved in apoptosis which could be regulated externally to attenuate the aging process. | |
| MSE TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS, INC.
200 Technology Way, P. O. Box 4078 Butte, MT 59702 (406) 494-7100 PI: Dr. Dr. Robin Gerlach (406) 994-1840 Contract #: DAAD1903C0103 |
MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY
Center for Biofilm Engineering, 366 EPS Building Bozeman, MT 59717 (406) 994-4770 ID#: A033-0032 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-013 Awarded: 12Aug03 |
| Title: Biofilm Remediation for Restoration of Contaminated Army Sites. | |
| Abstract: Many Department of Defense (DoD) sites are contaminated with contaminants of concern (CoCs) that are hazardous to humans and the environment requiring novel remediation strategies. MSE Technology Applications, Inc. and the Center for Biofilm Engineering (Montana State University) propose this Phase I STTR to develop novel, biofilm-based, remediation technologies for in situ and ex situ bioremediation of soil and groundwater contaminants. Multispecies biofilms may represent a superior solution over existing in situ remediation technologies due to their stability and diverse metabolic activities. Biofilms could improve the rate and extent of contaminant transformation over pure and suspended cultures, as well as enhance organism survival. Substrate gradients develop naturally within biofilms and provide diverse environmental conditions required for mineralization of recalcitrant compounds. Phase I of this STTR will focus on the fundamental issues of establishing mixed-species biofilms to degrade recalcitrant contaminants. Biofilm development and contaminant degradation will be monitored, and biofilm architecture and community structure will be assessed. While this Phase I research focuses on two model contaminants, TNT and RDX, Phase II research will expand to other CoCs. A cost-effective biofilm-based bioremediation technology will have broad applicability for public and private-sector clients challenged with remediation of a wide range of contaminants. The successful development of biofilm-based bioremediation technologies for in situ and ex situ soil and groundwater contaminants will provide the Army, and other public and private sector clients, with an innovative, less expensive treatment tool. Biofilm processes will allow for greater control of the reaction and complete mineralization of recalcitrant compounds, which most existing bioremediation technologies cannot achieve. Initially the market for this technology will be the DoD, but other public and private sector clients with a broad range of bioremediation needs will also be served. The most obvious clients are military installations with munition/explosives, chlorinated aliphatic and chlorinated aromatic wastes. Other customers include those in the public and private sector with subsurface pollutants that are difficult to treat and must be remediated in situ. | |
| NANO SCIENCE DIAGNOSTICS INC.
5 courtney Lane Brewster, NY 10509 (914) 419-0287 PI: Dr. Sulatha Dwarakanath (914) 419-0287 Contract #: DACA4203C0063 |
PACE UNIVERSITY
861 Bedford Road Pleasantville, NY 10570-2799 (914) 733-3730 ID#: A033-0159 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-024 Awarded: 20Aug03 |
| Title: Receptor-Conjugated Nanoparticles for Fluorescent Biowarfare Agent Detection and Microwave-Assisted Neutralization in Buildings | |
| Abstract: Abstract is unavailable. | |
| NANOMAT, INC.
1061 Main Street, Building #1 - Drawer #18 North Huntingdon, PA 15642-7425 (724) 861-6125 PI: Dr. Sandhya Jain (724) 978-2201 Contract #: DACA4203C0062 |
FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERITY
Biomed. Engg. Inst. - EAS 2600, 10555 West Flagler Street Miami, FL 33199 (305) 348-1864 ID#: A033-0224 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-024 Awarded: 14Aug03 |
| Title: Nanocapusle Coatings Utilizing Biomolecules to Detect and Nano MgO-Cl2 adduct to Neutralize the Biological Agents | |
| Abstract: The ease with which small countries and terrorist groups can now obtain biological warfare agents has escalated the need to provide the war fighter and civilians alike with miniature, easy to use, disposable instruments for detection and identification of potentially hazardous biological agents. Traditional methods for detection and identification of microorganisms, viruses and or their products lack the speed and sensitivity to be of field usage since they are not real time or even typically completed in a single day. Molecular recognition systems that can be used for rapid identification and neutralization can improve response time and thus avert or reduce the number of casualties associated with a potential bioterrorism or biowarfare event. Initially, nanocapsules will be developed by using nanosize MgO-Cl2 adducts as a biobactericide. It is well known that the nanoparticles size of metal oxide is similar in range to many common biomolecules, which make them to appear to be natural companion in hybrid systems. By controlling structure precisely at nanoscale dimensions, one can control and tailor properties of nanostructures. In addition, one can make modifications to nanostructures to better suit their integration with biological systems; for example, modifying their surface layer for enhanced aqueous solubility, biocompatibility, biorecognition, biomarker, biotagging. Considering these factors, we are proposing a method by which an early detection of biological agents and their neutralization may be possible by using liposome encapsulated nanosize MgO-Cl2 adduct in this STTR project for Phase I. Phase I will aim with the several tasks e.g. fabrication of nanocrystalline MgO, formation of nanocrystalline MgO-Cl2 adduct, encapsulation of MgO-Cl2 adduct by liposome associated with antibody, detection of E-Coli by antibody attached to liposome and neutralization by nanocrystalline MgO-Cl2 adduct. In Phase II, smart coating will be design and developed using the nanocapsules of nanocrystalline MgO-Cl2 adduct. Applications include, but are not limited to, biosensors, detector of biological agents, neutralization of biological warfare agents for defense and law enforcement. These nanocapsules and coatings will be the lifesaver of millions of people at the time of biological weapons use by terrorists. Furthermore, these nanocapsule without (chlorinated) material has tremendous commercial potential as a drug delivery agent in biomedicine. NanoMgO has various other applications in non-biological industries e.g. energy, battery and electronic industries. Additionally, the applicability of this material can further extended to refractory in metallurgical and material industries. Other commercial areas are catalysis, superconductors, and high temperature structural components. | |
| NEKTON RESEARCH LLC
4625 Industry Lane Durham, NC 27713 (919) 405-3993 PI: Dr. Mathieu Kemp (919) 405-3993 Contract #: DAAD1903C0075 |
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGEL
Off of Contract and Grant Admn, 10920 Wilshire Blvd., Ste 12 Los Angeles, CA 90024-1406 (310) 794-0135 ID#: A033-0029 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-008 Awarded: 1Aug03 |
| Title: Dynamic Perimeter Surveillance by Swarms of Small Robotic Vehicles | |
| Abstract: The goal of the proposed effort is the development and demonstration of an underwater plume monitoring tool. We propose to do this using a team of small underwater vehicles and an algorithm borrowed from the image processing literature. This system is expected to provide vital support in three critical areas: drinking water supply surveillance, harmful algae blooms monitoring, and diver-based military missions. This effort will leverage an on-going university/industry collaboration between an image processing group (A. Bertozzi, UCLA) and an underwater vehicle research firm (Nekton Research, Durham, NC)). This collaboration has already produced working multi-vehicle algorithms for mine-countermeasures and for plume detection. The proposed system is based on a recent breakthrough in which an image processing technique called topological snakes was shown to be applicable to the multi-vehicle plume detection problem. The proposed effort will turn this breakthrough into a working system. To this end, we will in Phase I . provide a complete theoretical justification of the algorithm, including proofs of existence, uniqueness, and stability; . examine critical issues related to its implementation on a live system. Since the algorithm is medium-independent, the findings of this effort are also applicable to teams of aerial or of terrestrial vehicles. In Phase II, we will perform a demonstration of the system using live vehicles. We will also design and test key upgrades, particularly: . effect of number of vehicles; . robustness under loss of robots and under limited communication bandwidth; . stability improvements under low-bandwidth conditions; . effect of plume dynamics; . change in perimeter topology, i.e. fission and fusion; . extension to three dimensional monitoring. This system is expected to provide vital support in three critical areas: drinking water supply surveillance, harmful algae blooms monitoring, and diver-based military missions. | |
| NEXTGEN AERONAUTICS
2780 Sky Park Drive, Suite 400 Torrance, CA 90505 (310) 891-2814 PI: Dr. Shiv Joshi (310) 891-2807 Contract #: DAAD1903C0095 |
GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Office of Sponsored Project, 505 10th street Atlanta, GA 30332-0420 (404) 894-6922 ID#: A033-0123 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-004 Awarded: 8Aug03 |
| Title: Piezo-Hydraulic Actuation System Technologies (PHAST) | |
| Abstract: Concrete designs of a novel actuator, which can deliver significantly augmented force and/or stroke relative to conventional actuators, and associated drive electronics and a control system, are focus of our technology development program. The planned effort leverages recent work done by Prof. C. S. Lynch of Georgia Tech on modeling and characterization of relaxor single crystals and development of a hybrid actuation system using PZT materials and hydraulic amplification. The proposed design is specifically targeted for rotor blade flap application but should be scalable and easily retrofitable for a variety of other applications. The NextGen team will validate the conceptual design through computer simulations and component level experiments. Anticipated benefits include reduced helicopter vibration levels, reduced pilot and structure fatigue and improved system effectiveness. Development and demonstration of a highly efficient actuator as proposed will have numerous applications in automative, aerospace and marine fields, in both military and civilian sectors. | |
| OPTHUS
P.O. Box 20042 Stanford, CA 94309-0042 (408) 343-0197 PI: Dr. Andrey Chebotarev (408) 343-0197 Contract #: DAAD1903C0083 |
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
320 Panama St # 10 Stanford, CA 94305-4100 (650) 736-2146 ID#: A033-0030 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-006 Awarded: 1Aug03 |
| Title: Plasma Wave Electronics | |
| Abstract: Theoretical investigations and technology developments during last years have created new conceptual approach to design and build a new class of plasma wave electronics detectors of terahertz (THz) wave range. Terahertz radiation corresponds to the frequency bands of molecular and lattice vibrations in gases, fluids, and solids. THz detectors with higher sensitivity is urgently need for important applications. The purpose of the proposal to design, build, and demonstrate new plasma wave electronics THz detectors, which will allow reaching unprecedented levels of sensitivity to terahertz range of electromagnetic radiation. The concept of these THz detectors is based on resonance response to incident electromagnetic radiation at the plasma oscillation frequencies of the two-dimensional electron system. These HEMT based terahertz detectors will be experimentally studied and modeled in detail to be optimized and compared with other type of THz detectors. OPTHUS team has experienced in theoretical study and measurement of terahertz properties of HEMTs, in other THz detectors/sources development to succeed in the proposal aim. The development of plasma wave electronics in terahertz (THz) range will force such important applications as satellite communications, high-speed signal processing, noninvasive medical diagnostics, remote detection of explosions, and identification of hazardous chemical and biological agents. The proposed concept of these new THz detectors will enable unprecedented levels of sensitivity of terahertz frequency electromagnetic radiation. The proposed sensors are going to be effective and relatively cheap. It is important both for homeland security and for industry growth. The plasma wave electronics detectors may be a key technology for new Terahertz Sensing systems. High sensitivity THz detectors could be used for design a wide range of space, industrial, biological, and medical commercial system. | |
| PARASYM
1335 La Solana Dr Altadena, CA 91001 (626) 394-1114 PI: Dr. Raul Radovitzky (617) 230-1259 Contract #: DAAD1903C0119 |
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
1200 California Blvd Pasadena, CA 91125 (626) 395-6073 ID#: A033-0118 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-003 Awarded: 24Aug03 |
| Title: Next generation Computational Algorithms for the Virtual Testing of Military Systems for Survivability and Design Studies | |
| Abstract: We shall develop an advanced three dimensional simulation capability to compute penetration environments with high fidelity. The strategy will be to develop the next generation of solid mechanics high-performance solvers based on lagrangian formulations and incorporating all the relevant physical phenomena including contact and friction, thermo-mechanical coupling high strain-rate and material failure. This strategy has been successfully used in other areas of interest to the Army such as "High-performance simulations of blast-structure interactions". A key element of this strategy is to develop robust adaptive remeshing algorithms which enable the Lagrangian modeling paradigm and increase the fidelity of the simulations. We shall apply the resulting capability to the prediction of penetration environments of interest to the Army with emphasis on the design of structures of improved survivability. The proposed advanced simulation capability will be used in a variety of commercial applications including applications to the manufacturing industry (high-speed machining, explosive forming, extrusion forming and others) and new applications in the area of bio and nano technology with special emphasis on mechanical design of nano-scale biodetectors. | |
| PARTTEC, LTD.
5103 Echo Bend Bloomington, IN 47404 (812) 339-4463 PI: Mr. Tom Ellis (812) 384-3057 Contract #: DAAD1903C0084 |
INDIANA UNIVERSITY
2401 Milo B. Sampson Ln Bloomington, IN 47408-1398 (812) 855-6051 ID#: A033-0047 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-016 Awarded: 15Aug03 |
| Title: Instrumental Probes for Properties of Nano-structures in Polymer Matrices. | |
| Abstract: The measurement of physical properties of nano structures dispersed within bulk materials is challenging, as it requires high resolution, sensitivity, and a perfect deconvolution between the fingerprints of the macroscopic sample and the blueprints of nano structures. This opportunity will exploit our experimental and theoretical results and expertise on nano structured composite materials. The novelty and innovation of the proposed approach consists of the selection of a group of experimental methods, centered on electron spin resonance, to accurately detect and analyze various nano structures with various functionalities (electric, magnetic, and optic) dispersed in different polymeric matrices. Most polymeric matrices are insulating and diamagnetic; hence, they are "invisible" for electron spin resonance. This generates the required contrast to sense, identify, and analyze nano-structures within bulk polymeric matrices. The proposal is focused on model polymer composites, with emphasis on the detection and analysis of magnetic and conducting nano structures. Small angle neutron scattering and differential scanning calorimetry will be used to further enhance the capabilities of electron spin resonance. The beauty of this approach is that no new instrumental designs are required. This proposal will define and demonstrate the methods and techniques to sense, identify, and analyze the nano-structure in polymer composites Benefits derived from the proposal. ú A flexible technique able to sense, identify, and analyze nano structures dispersed in bulk polymer composites, based on electron spin resonance, differential scanning calorimetry, and small angle neutron scattering. ú High resolution and sensitivity in the detection of magnetic and conducting nano structured dispersed in insulating and diamagnetic polymeric matrices, triggered by the fact that such matrices are invisible to electron spin resonance. ú The ability to study nano structures dispersed in self-assembled polymeric composite materials. ú The possibility to investigate the molecular motions at nanometer scale in self assembled polymeric matrices and non-structured morphologies by using electron spin resonance and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. ú The capability to perform investigations on nano structured embedded in various polymer composites starting from ultra thin films (where the lack of sensitivity of electron spin resonance is successfully complemented by small angle neutron spectroscopy) to bulk materials (where the resolution of small angle neutrons scattering is depressed while the electron spin resonance spectroscopy is able to compensate allowing detailed investigations). ú Reliable experimental results without the need to build new spectrometers. | |
| QUANTUM APPLIED SCIENCE AND RESEARCH INC.
5764 Pacific Center Blvd, Suite 107 San Diego, CA 92121 (858) 200-1949 PI: Dr. Robert Mtthews (858) 373-0832 Contract #: DAAD1903C0101 |
THE SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE
10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla, CA 92037 (858) 784-8176 ID#: A033-0169 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-017 Awarded: 11Aug03 |
| Title: Wearable Electrophysiologic Sensor Suite for Detection of Neurotoxic Effects | |
| Abstract: This program combines a breakthrough in electrophysiologic sensors with state-of-the-art (SoA) research into the determination of cognitive state and autonomic arousal. The sensor breakthrough enables accurate measurement of bioelectric signals without contact to the skin, even operating through clothing if desired. The target configuration for the prototype system to be built in Phase II is a small array of the new bioelectrodes mounted on the outer surface of a lightweight cap, or off-the head on the inside of a helmet.. In Phase I measurements will be performed at the Cognitive Electrophysiology Laboratory (CEL) at the Scripps Research Institute, in order to define a set of measurement channels that can be used as the inputs to a cognitive gauge. This gauge will combine the physiologic inputs using SoA algorithms and insights, to produce a single reading indicative of impending cognitive dysfunction. The measurements will use low levels of alcohol intake to affect cognitive performance under protocols developed at CEL over the last five years. In Phase II a functional prototype including the sensor array and all algorithms will be demonstrated. The prototype will be tested for extended periods and under different conditions on a statistically significant number of subjects at CEL. The proposed system will provide a dramatic improvement in capability to monitor the cognitive state. By measuring brain function directly, the system will be able to detect effects due to neurotoxins, uncompensated stress, sleep loss, and information overload. Other military applications could include alertness monitoring, and as a component of future man machine interfaces. Significant commercial opportunities exist in the research market transitioning to medical applications such as neuropharmacology, and civilian security applications such as fire departments and hazardous waste treatment. | |
| SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS COMPANY, INC
500 West Cummings Park - Ste 3000 Woburn, MA 01801 (781) 933-5355 PI: Dr. Raman K. Mehra/Lingji (781) 933-5355 Contract #: DAAD1903C0072 |
UNIV. OF N. CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL
440 W. Franklin ST, CB# 1350, Office of Sponsored Research Chapel Hill, NC 27599-1350 (919) 966-3411 ID#: A033-0086 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-002 Awarded: 11Jul03 |
| Title: Advanced Computational Algorithms for Nonlinear Filtering for Real Time Environment | |
| Abstract: The techniques of linear filtering have contributed tremendously in missile guidance and modern radar technology. However, they can only serve as a first order approximation to the infinite-dimensional nonlinear filtering problem. Solutions to these problems are known in theory, and with the explosive growth of high performance computing, they have also increasingly become available in terms of practical algorithms. The objective of the proposed effort is to critically examine, categorize and evaluate existing nonlinear filtering algorithms, and develop new, "hybrid" algorithms that judiciously combine different algorithms for particular applications. The focus area will be on tracking, and we will develop suitable benchmark problems that avoid many of the pitfalls involved when comparing algorithms using benchmarks. The proposed team consists of Scientific Systems Company Inc. (SSCI), Professor Amarjit Budhiraja at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Dr. Ronald Mahler at Lockheed Martin Tactical Systems. SSCI has extensive expertise in control and signal processing and in algorithm/software development. Professor Budhiraja is one of the leaders in the study of stochastic filtering theory, and Dr. Mahler is a renowned expert in multi-sensor multi-target tracking. The Phase I tasks are: (1) Literature survey of general nonlinear filtering problems; (2) Identification of the filtering problem in tracking; (3) Development of criteria to measure the performance of various filtering algorithms; (4) Development of a set of benchmark problems for the testing and comparison of algorithms; (5) Final report and Phase II recommendations. Nonlinear filtering is a very important area of research for both military and commercial applications. The integrated, real time, hybrid computational algorithms and software developed under this project will enable more accurate and faster detections and/or estimations of signals in the noisy and nonlinear real world environments, and hence will significantly improve current commercial and military radar technologies and communications systems. | |
| SEASHELL TECHNOLOGY LLC
3252 Holiday Court Suite 227 La Jolla, CA 92037 (858) 638-0315 PI: Dr. Steven Oldenburg (858) 638-0315 Contract #: DAAD1303P0064 |
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO
9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093 (858) 822-2149 ID#: A033-0148 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-019 Awarded: 15Jun03 |
| Title: Narrow-Band Infrared Obscurants for Survivability | |
| Abstract: We propose a new type of military obscurant that is based on the fabrication of metal composite particles with precisely defined geometries. These particles have high infrared extinction coefficients and, by precisely controlling their shape and size, the peak extinction of the particles can be designed for a specific band of wavelengths. By selection of a group of extinction bands, the user can design an obscurant that has high extinction across the entire 0.7 - 12.0 micron band or leave a "window of transmission" as desired. The composition of the particle will be further optimized to enhance dissemination, reduce toxicity, and allow for inexpensive manufacture. This obscurant will be useful for blocking surveillance and defeating threats such as missiles, laser-guided munitions, and direct fire weapons. It will also allow for the incorporation of a selected window of observation for maintaining uninterrupted friendly observation and communication at desired wavelength bands. | |
| SEASHELL TECHNOLOGY LLC
3252 Holiday Court Suite 227 La Jolla, CA 92037 (858) 638-0315 PI: Dr. Steven Oldenburg (858) 638-0316 Contract #: DAAD1303P0067 |
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO
9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093 (858) 822-2149 ID#: A033-0154 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-021 Awarded: 23Jul03 |
| Title: Obscurant Dissemination | |
| Abstract: We have developed a cost-effective method of surface coating anisotropic obscurants that will improve powder dissemination of high aspect ratio particles. Interparticle binding forces are reduced by encapsulating the particles with a polymer shell that has a thickness that can be precisely controlled between 1 and 20 nm. This simple, stable, and inexpensive encapsulation will dramatically decrease the van der Waals energy between the particle surfaces. The particle's surface energy can be further reduced by coating the polymer surface with specific functional groups that alter the surface chemisty, charge, and hydrophobicity of the particle. The proposed coating will result in a high extinction obscurant that has superior powder dissemination properties while retaining compatibility with existing obscurant dissemination units. The shell layer also will reduce the flammability of the particle, decreases the environmental and human toxicity, and allow the particles to be packed at higher densities. | |
| SENSOR ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY, INC.
1195 Atlas Road Columbia, SC 29209 (803) 647-9757 PI: Dr. Yuriy Bilenko (803) 647-9757 Contract #: DAAD1903C0104 |
RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
403 West Hall, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy, NY 12180-3590 (518) 276-6283 ID#: A033-0066 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-006 Awarded: 11Aug03 |
| Title: Plasma Wave Electronics | |
| Abstract: Terahertz plasma wave detectors and emitters utilizing the high-density 2-D electrons in submicron AlGaInN/GaN-based Quantum Well Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors (QW-HFETs) with high sensitivity levels for the sensing of terahertz (THz) frequency electromagnetic radiation are proposed The novel plasma wave terahertz detectors will find applications in biological and chemical hazard detection. Other applications include high bandwidth data transmission, compact radar ranges, and radioastronomy. | |
| SENTOR TECHNOLOGIES INC.
11551 Nuckols Rd., Suite Q Glen Allen, VA 23060 (804) 360-5440 PI: Dr. Royal Kessick (804) 270-1411 Contract #: DACA4203P0328 |
VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
Office of Industry Partners, P.O. Box 980568 Richmond, VA 23298-0568 (804) 827-4991 ID#: A033-0103 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-025 Awarded: 12Sep03 |
| Title: A Portable Electrospray-Based Air Sampler Incorporating a Fluorescent Assay | |
| Abstract: An electrospray-based air sampler incorporating a targeted fluorescent assay will be developed and commercialized. Electrospray ionization will be used to sample and ionize gas phase molecules and small particles and deliver them onto a collector for subsequent analysis. A fluorescent marker will be incorporated into the electrospray solvent and delivered onto the collector with the sampled gas-phase species. The marker will be targeted to specifically toxic compounds to provide an early warning to possible exposure to such agents. The proposed air sampler/sensor described in this proposal will provide the government and private sector with a new technology with capabilities far surpassing existing instruments for local anaysis of air quality and personal exposure history. Applications include: personal and industrial dosimetry, battlespace awareness and homeland security. | |
| SONALYSTS, INC.
215 Parkway North, P.O. Box 280 Waterford, CT 06385 (860) 326-3652 PI: Mr. H. George Banta (860) 326-3844 Contract #: DASW0103P0623 |
WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
100 Institute Road Worcester, MA 01609 (508) 831-5669 ID#: A033-0203 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-001 Awarded: 15Aug03 |
| Title: The Virtual Observer/Controller (O/C) --- Intelligent Coaching in Dismounted Warrior Simulations | |
| Abstract: Sonalysts, Inc., along with Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) and Advanced Interactive Systems (AIS), proposes to investigate the feasibility of developing an approach for modifying an existing intelligent tutoring technology and a simulation environment so that an intelligent tutor can be paired with a user engaged in a simulated dismounted infantry training exercise. The goal of this approach is to provide soldiers with a virtual observer controller that performs real-time coaching and feedback functions similar to those provided by an actual observer controller or unit leaders. A front-end analysis will be conducted to determine which collective tasks will be coached. Measures of performance and effectiveness for these collective tasks will be determined by a review of current doctrinal manuals and interviews with subject-matter experts. The currently used measures of performance will also be examined. The intelligent tutor must be able to recognize multiple means of accomplishing the mission, when the mission has been accomplished to standard, and when and how to intercede and provide feedback to the soldiers without becoming distracting to them. The end product of this feasibility analysis will be a Concept of Operations and identification of the preliminary requirements for a Phase II prototype. The Army's investment into dismounted soldier simulation training systems is substantial. By integrating intelligent tutoring capabilities into those simulation training systems, Sonalysts provides substantial benefit. The tutoring capability effectively multiplies the effectiveness of existing human training staff allowing increased student throughput without increasing the recurring cost of the training pipeline. Providing a demonstrably improved level of training without requiring more training personnel will create a significant economic payback. Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, there has been an increasing recognition that some of the military's training is suitable for law enforcement and first responder communities. This is particularly true in dismounted infantry training where the SVS simulation system proposed here is already in use. The same benefits that accrue to the DoD community by adding intelligent tutoring to simulation training also accrue in the civilian sector. | |
| SRICO, INC.
2724 SAWBURY BOULEVARD COLUMBUS, OH 43235-4579 (614) 799-0664 PI: Dr. Stuart Kingsley (614) 799-0664 Contract #: DAAD1303P0062 |
UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON
300 College Park Dayton, OH 45469-0104 (937) 229-2919 ID#: A033-0129 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-023 Awarded: 4Sep03 |
| Title: Efficient Frequency Conversion and Optical Amplification to Improve Detection of Chemical and Biological Agents | |
| Abstract: There is a need to improve the sensitivity of chemical and biological sensing LIDAR systems so that standoff distances can be increased. LIDAR sensing systems have to cover ranges of 50 m to 20 km. However, their sensitivity is limited by the need to keep the laser transmitter power below the eye-safe limit. We propose to use Periodically-Poled Stoichiometric Lithium Niobate (PPLN) for improved frequency conversion efficiency in shifting received 3 to 5 micron mid-wave band LIDAR signals to the 1.5 micron optical telecommunications band. At 1.5 microns, commercial fiber optic amplifiers and detectors may be conveniently employed to ensure shot-noise limited detection and significantly improved signal-to-noise ratio. The optical gain stages may be based on Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier or Raman Fiber Amplifier technologies. Such amplifiers are capable of producing gains of more than 40 dB with Noise Figures of less than 6 dB. The combination of the new tunable frequency conversion waveguide device with optical amplification and other system improvements will result in greater than 20 dB improvement in signal-to-noise ratio and will, therefore, triple the standoff measurement distance, reduce signal processing time, and offer greater frequency agility. The proposed technology will benefit current and future chemical and biological detection systems. The newly developed technology could be used to improve environmental pollution monitoring systems, biological contamination monitoring in food service industries, and other chemical and biological monitoring systems. The technology could also be used in next generation high-speed optical communications systems. | |
| SURFACE OPTICS CORPORATION
11555 Rancho Bernardo Road San Diego, CA 92127 (858) 675-7404 PI: Dr. Zu-Han Gu (858) 675-7404 Contract #: DAAD1903C0099 |
UNIVERSITY OF CA, IRVINE
Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall Irvine, CA 92697-4575 (949) 824-5943 ID#: A033-0040 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-011 Awarded: 8Aug03 |
| Title: Enhanced Backscattering of Electromagnetic Radiation for Target Tracking | |
| Abstract: Surface Optics Corporation (SOC) teamed with the University of California, Irvine, proposes an exploratory study aimed at the development of an inexpensive portable optical tagging system with smart retro-reflective tag, encoding, and sensors needed for tracking and identification of U.S. military assets. The encoded tag can be either affixed to, or printed onto, military vehicles. Cost effective lasar radars will be used to provide covert and secure operation. The overall goal of this program is to develop and demonstrate secure sensors for rapid and accurate tracking and identification of distant objects from aerial and ground locations, which could be used for improved identification of combatants and their weapons within a fusing battle scene. The Phase I program will demonstrate the feasibility of the new conceptual idea, predict and analyze the performance of the specialized optical tag, and define the proposed embedded encoding and sensor implementation approach. During Phase II, the eye-safe and smart laser tagging system will be designed, fabricated, tested, and delivered to the Army. This program will demonstrate the feasibility of tagging, tracking and identification of distant military assets with designer surfaces. This system can also be used to discriminate between friendly and enemy forces during armed combat. | |
| TECHNO-SCIENCES, INC.
10001 Derekwood Lane, Suite 204 Lanham, MD 20706 (301) 577-6000 PI: Dr. Gaurav Bajpai (301) 577-6000 Contract #: DAAD1903C0078 |
UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND
Dept of Electrical Engineering College Park, MD 20742 (301) 405-4504 ID#: A033-0202 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-002 Awarded: 1Aug03 |
| Title: Numerical Methods for Nonlinear Filtering | |
| Abstract: The purpose of this project is to develop algorithms and approximation methods for the solution of nonlinear filtering problems. The analytical tools and methods will be provided in a software system that integrates symbolic and numerical processing, including graphical generation of grids and branching particle computations. Nonlinear estimation problems are critical to many areas of engineering and the applied sciences. Tool kits for control and finite element analysis have proven very valuable in those areas. A toolkit for nonlinear filtering would find a wide audience. | |
| TECHNO-SCIENCES, INC.
10001 Derekwood Lane, Suite 204 Lanham, MD 20706 (301) 577-6000 PI: Dr. Peter C. Chen (301) 577-6000 Contract #: DAAD1903C0097 |
UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND
Baltimore Ave College Park, MD 20742 (301) 405-2370 ID#: A033-0092 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-004 Awarded: 8Aug03 |
| Title: Augmented Actuation Devices for Adaptive Structures | |
| Abstract: Techno-Sciences, Inc. (TSi), in collaboration with the Smart Structures Laboratory of the Alfred Gessow Rotorcraft Center at the University of Maryland, proposes to develop an innovative Active Pitch Link (APL) Technology for improved rotor performance. The APL will exploit the beneficial performance characteristics of a new magnetostrictive material and nano-particle Magnetorheological (MR) fluid technology. This hybrid device efficiently marries two high-energy density electromechanical materials to provide full-scale rotor control and can be retrofit to existing rotor systems and powered by existing rotor blade de-icing equipment. The control authority and bandwidth capability of the APL technology is expected to provide the full range of rotor control, encompassing primary flight control, Higher Harmonic Control (HHC) for vibration reduction and noise mitigation, and other extreme flight loads reduction. The APL technology developed in this effort is applicable to a wide range of end-users in the Defense, commercial, and industry sectors. The low-cost, retrofit capable APL system is particularly attractive for high-performance aircraft, UAV, missile systems, spacecraft, adaptive optics, and other applications where high bandwidth, large displacement, and high actuation forces are required in an energy efficient and compact package. | |
| WAVEBAND CORPORATION
17152 Armstrong Ave. Irvine, CA 92614 (949) 253-4019 PI: Dr. Lawrence Klein (949) 253-4019 Contract #: DAAD1903C0090 |
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
PO Box 210020 Tucson, AZ 85721-0020 (520) 521-7284 ID#: A033-0185 Agency: ARMY Topic#: 03-018 Awarded: 8Aug03 |
| Title: Multisensor Traffic Monitor Supported by Advanced Processing and Location Logistics | |
| Abstract: WaveBand Corporation in collaboration with University of Arizona proposes to modify and augment the I-REMBASS sensor suite by adding high resolution compact millimeter-wave (MMW) imaging sensor to enable small target (boats, both rowing and powered, sail, etc.) detection along the river or other in-land waterway. MMW is the only sensor capable of remote detection of such small targets in the presence of atmospheric obscurants. In addition, the MMW imager will determine the target vector velocity and will provide real time wide-area surveillance. If foliage penetration is desired, an S-band radar sensor can be added utilizing the same type of novel scanning antenna patented by WaveBand. Phase I work will focus on the multisensor traffic monitor (MSTM) design, advanced data processing, and the sensor network architecture. In addition, due to WaveBand's equipment contribution to the project, the Phase I effort will actually demonstrate small target detection at the distances of up to 1,000 m. The sensors autonomous operation and deployability will be investigated. Commercial applications of MSTM include a perimeter security monitor for protecting important assets, remote fire sensor, and concealed weapon detection. | |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS INC.
625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138-4555 (617) 491-3474 PI: Dr. Mark R. Stevens (617) 491-3474 Contract #: DAAH0103CR279 |
BOSTON UNIVERSITY
Office of Sponsored Programs, 25 Buick Street Boston, MA 02215 (617) 353-4365 ID#: D033-0017 Agency: DARPA Topic#: 03-004 Awarded: 6/24/2003 |
| Title: Video Analysis for Nighttime Surveillance and Situational Awareness | |
| Abstract: Interpretation of video imagery is the quintessential goal of computer vision. The ability to group moving pixels into regions and then associate semantic labels with those regions has long been studied by the vision community. Only recently have the component technologies matured sufficiently to make this goal attainable for well-defined scenarios. We propose a system for semantic interpretation of certain human behaviors in a nighttime parking lot surveillance scenario. The video stream is first segmented into moving objects of interest (people, cars) vs. background (ground, sky, buildings, trees, moving foliage, shadows, etc.). Trajectory analysis is then performed on each object, using robust feature tracking and 3D reconstruction. In parallel, body pose analysis is performed by a probabilistic framework that learns mappings from body silhouettes to physical pose. Trajectory and pose information is combined by inferencing over an iconic action grammar. Our approach to specifying interesting actions via behavioral models is novel, as is the identification of unauthorized actions based on top-down inferencing from these models. We will demonstrate using nighttime parking lot imagery from commercial off-the-shelf low-light video equipment. To increase robustness of event detection, we will also explore audio information of events such as cars starting. The proposed system and developed techniques are applicable to a wide range of DoD mission and intelligence community areas, including target recognition, HumanID, and surveillance & tracking. The technologies developed here could be used to model the behavior of terrorists and identify individuals engaging in illegal acts given a video stream of their motion through the environment. This technology is directly applicable to various current DARPA programs (including Combat Zones that See). | |
| GREYSTONE MEDICAL GROUP, INC.
3251 Poplar Avenue, Suite #150 Memphis, TN 38111 (901) 452-2395 PI: Dr. Steve Monroe (901) 452-2395 Contract #: DAAH0103CR293 |
UNIV. OF TN HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER
62 South Dunlap, Suite 220 Memphis, TN 38163 (901) 448-7105 ID#: D033-0025 Agency: DARPA Topic#: 03-001 Awarded: 7/31/2003 |
| Title: Commercial Development of Stabilized Cellular Diagnostics and Therapeutics to Lessen Logistical Burden on the Battlefield | |
| Abstract: Blood loss of over 30% is a life-threatening condition. Excessive blood loss results in hemorrhagic shock (HS), which is caused by insufficient blood perfusion to vital organs. As HS persists or as additional blood is lost, vital organs fail and the patient dies. HS causes 20% of all battlefield casualties that could otherwise be saved and, annually, 150,000 civilians in the US die from HS. In life-threatening HS incidents, infusions of whole blood must be administered, often within minutes of injury or the patient will die. An innovative solution for treating HS involves controlling striated muscle blood flow through muscular contractions that decrease the diameter of blood vessels in muscles, which account for 40% of the body's blood. We have developed an HS therapy that causes striated muscle tissue to contract, greatly reducing blood flow in these muscles and thereby increasing blood flow and pressure to vital organs, such as the brain, thereby offsetting multiple organ failure, permanent damage, and death. In preliminary tests, we induced HS in rats by severing their femoral arteries, then we applied our compound. One dose stops bleeding in minutes and extends the life of rats in severe HS from 40-50 minutes to 210+ minutes. Our HS therapy represents a new modality for treating HS and shows promise for both battlefield and civilian trauma situations where blood supplies may be limited or not immediately available. The ability to immediately stop bleeding will save thousands of lives each year, reduce overall demand on blood reserves, provide doctors with more time to operate, and increase the amount of time combat medics and EMTs have to respond to and to transport badly bleeding patients. We intend to seek FDA approval to market our HS therapy as an ethical drug in the US. | |
| GUARDIAN SOLUTIONS
4141 S. Tamiami Trail, Unit 22 Sarasota, FL 34231 (914) 921-5444 PI: Dr. Terrance Boult (610) 758-4061 Contract #: DAAH0103CR278 |
VAST LAB, LEHIGH UNIVERSITY
200 Packard Lab, 19 Memorial Drive West Bethlehem, PA 18015 (610) 758-3021 ID#: D033-0045 Agency: DARPA Topic#: 03-004 Awarded: 6/23/2003 |
| Title: Automated GeoSpatially Enhanced Video Surveillance at Night | |
| Abstract: The project will be building on 8 years of DARPA/ONR/Army funded "university research" in automated visual surveillance, which has a proven track record of both close interaction with military end-users and commercialization. That work as well as Guardian Solutions'''''''' existing analysis of the needs of force protection has identified 7 key areas of research/development needed to enhance automated nocturnal surveillance: improved sensor to sensor handoffs, appearance-based type classification and nuisance rejection to reduce the number of nuisance alarms, automated camera control (including zoom), nocturnal data sets for evaluations, long-term "lighting" models, video verification of alarms including cross-sensor fusion, and systems architecture/integration and interoperability issues. Included in the improved approach to sensor handoff will be the computation of sensor-based features for increasing consistency of handoffs, and hence has a huge range of algorithms to explore. In phase I we will focus on quasi-static features, but will be designing the architecture to support dynamic features including gait analysis. By building on the substantial base of the Guardian Solutins'''''''' existing commercial GuardianWATCH system, which supports advanced video detection/tracking in low-light and thermal imagery, geo-spatial reasoning and display of tracking data and a distributed architecture, it is expected that the phase I feasibility study will develop fully functional rapid protypes for what we see as the 3 or 4 most significant of these areas. Increased accuracy of automated long term video-based tracking with reduced false alarm rates. Novel approaches to camera to camera handoff to support long term automated tracking. Datasets for noctural video algorithm analysis. Improved useability of intelligent video surveillance system at night. Improved video system reliability | |
| MANAGEMENT COMMUNICATIONS AND CONTROL, INC.
3811 N. Fairfax Drive, Suite 550 Arlington, VA 22203 (703) 522-7177 PI: Mr. Christopher B. Robbin (703) 522-7177 Contract #: DAAH0103CR236 |
UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND
Office of Research Admin, 3112 Lee Bldg College Park, MD 20742-5141 (301) 405-6279 ID#: D033-0048 Agency: DARPA Topic#: 03-003 Awarded: 8/28/2003 |
| Title: DIF - A Language for Dataflow Graph Specification and Exchange | |
| Abstract: Dataflow specification of applications for parallel computing was established over four decades ago and has been richly developed in academic research efforts. Defense Department R&D programs have resulted in computer programming languages and supporting software tools for both military and COTS hardware systems. Despite clearly demonstrated suitability and productivity gains, data flow programming has not been widely adopted by the parallel computing industry sector. One clear impediment to acceptance of this powerful programming technology is the lack of an industrial standard language. The existence of an industry wide standard data flow language is necessary precondition to industrial acceptance of data flow software technology for production code development. Research in the development of a data flow language, Dataflow Interchange Format (DIF), supporting non proprietary exchange of data flow graph specifications has been conducted at the University of Maryland. This research provides a technology base for development of a common data flow graph specification language capable of becoming the enabling standard for broad industrial use of dataflow software technology. This proposal is for full development of DIF as a potential standard and its supported open source distribution. DIF is expected to immediately provide high performance computing system production code developers the means to save and reuse high value data flow application specifications in a vendor neutral form and support from vendor and academic software tools. Early in phase II, DIF will support combined use of U.C. Berkeley''''s Ptolemy and MCCI''s Autocoding Toolset with its MATLAB import capability for parallel application design and prototyping. This capability is expected to be immediately useful in DARPA PCA and HPCS research programs and broadly useful in all DoD and commercial high performance computing based programs. | |
| MARINE ACOUSTICS, INC.
809 Aquidneck Avenue Middletown, RI 02842 (401) 847-7508 PI: Mr. Ace Sarich (410) 703-5473 Contract #: DAAH0103CR274 |
SRI INTERNATIONAL
333 Ravenswood Avenue Menlo Park, CA 94025 (650) 859-4424 ID#: D033-0036 Agency: DARPA Topic#: 03-002 Awarded: 6/23/2003 |
| Title: COTS-Based Multilingual Translator for Military/Industrial Application | |
| Abstract: The DARPA Phraselator is a, multilingual voice-to-voice phrase translation system (PTS). It is now available to both military and commercial or industrial users. It was developed with the military user in mind. The Phraselator was developed to perform in a noisy environment, have good audio input and output characteristics, and be rugged and weather resistant. As the first functional handheld PTS developed for military use, it is probably more costly than the next generation or COTS based solution. This investigation will evaluate the feasibility of and then prototype a noise robust, hand-held translation device leveraging the technologies and ergonomic designs developed for the DARPA Phraselator and package this device using Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) resources to create a low-cost rapidly adaptable system capable wide distribution. A COTS multilingual voice-to-voice translator with enhanced ASR will provide a low-cost alternative to the current Phraselator design. This product would extend easily to the commercial sector and would be of benefit across a wide variety of users including medical, police, fire personnel. A low cost COTS Phraselator would also be very useful to tourists visiting other countries. | |
| MPI SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY, INC
101 S. Lafayette #33 Starkville, MS 39759-2914 (662) 320-4300 PI: Mr. Pirabhu Raman (662) 320-4300 Contract #: DAAH0103CR255 |
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
Station B, Box 7749, 110 21st Avenue South Nashville, TN 37235-7749 (615) 322-2631 ID#: D033-0014 Agency: DARPA Topic#: 03-003 Awarded: 6/24/2003 |
| Title: A Model-Driven Architecture-based Common Specification Method for Data Flow Graph Exchange | |
| Abstract: This Phase I proposal emphasizes the feasibility investigation of a vendor independent specification method capable of becoming an industry standard and mapping tools such as Adapter and Semantic Translator for exchanging models between varied data flow generation tools. Phase II would subsequently involve the enhancement of the specification into an industry standard, definition of DFI standard compliance, and the implementation of mapping tools for the leading data flow tools to demonstrate interoperability. Expected Phase I deliverables are the prototype Common Specification, website for the specification maintained by MPI Software Technology Inc., report on feasibility investigation of mapping tools and a final report summarizing the activities performed, achievements and future course of action. The efforts in Phase II will be focused towards converting the specification generated in Phase I into the industry standard DFI by means of enhancements to specification, definition of DFI standard compliance, and implementation of the standard to demonstrate model interoperability. The implementation of standard will involve developing mapping tools for at least two data flow generation tools and development of the Common Model Repository. The Phase II effort might also involve designing/developing a Tester aimed at testing DFI compliance of data flow tools. This effort will allow multiple dataflow programs encoded with different productivity tools to be interchanged efficiently, and be combined at the modeling level. | |
| OBJECTVIDEO
11600 Sunrise Valley Drive, Suite # 290 Reston, VA 20191 (703) 654-9314 PI: Dr. Alan Lipton (703) 654-9352 Contract #: DAAH0103CR276 |
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
GRASP Laboratory, Levine Hall, 3330 Walnut Street Philadelphia, PA 19104-6228 (215) 746-2851 ID#: D033-0064 Agency: DARPA Topic#: 03-004 Awarded: 6/16/2003 |
| Title: Automated Video Surveillance at Night | |
| Abstract: ObjectVideo and Prof. Jianbo Shi from the University of Pennsylvania propose an automated activity recognition system for video surveillance at night. The deliverable is software that performs real-time threat analysis on incoming video streams and alerts security personnel of impending danger. The software will operate on legacy camera systems, including thermal, near-IR, and visible wavelength cameras. There are three key technical challenges. (1) Development of learning algorithms, so that the software can automatically classify unusual behavior without user specification. (2) Development of suitable computer vision algorithms so that the system can hand off targets between multiple thermal cameras, i.e. without color information. (3) Development of suitable computer vision algorithms for robust video object detection, tracking, and classification that operate as well at night as during the day. ObjectVideo already has significant experience with computer vision-based automated video surveillance technologies and their application to real-world physical security and force protection challenges. Video is an excellent sensor modality for surveillance, physical security, and force protection. It is highly intuitive for a user, cheap, and widely applicable. Recent advances, such as low-light and thermal cameras, make video a viable option even at night. Video''''s only drawback is that it is manually intensive for a human operator to monitor. Using computer vision technology, a computer can monitor video signals and automatically detect threatening events. The benefits of the proposed system are that a nighttime video system will become a proactive security alarm system, alerting guards in real-time to unusual behavior and deterring crime, rather than a mere forensic tool, used for after-the-fact analysis. There are many commercial applications of this technology. Sensitive installations, such as port facilities, power utilities, and large estates, have expressed interest in: . A guard that doesn't sleep and can monitor thousands of video feeds simultaneously. . A system to detect unusual activity that humans may not be able to detect. For instance, while a human cannot easily detect a terrorist circling and surveying the facility, walking through multiple camera views, the proposed system can. . A system that can detect unspecified, `unusual' behaviors and specified behaviors, such as loitering, dropping a suitcase, crossing a virtual tripwire, and entering through an exit. | |
| PERCEPTEK
9892 Titan Park Circle, Unit # 7 Littleton, CO 80125-9355 (720) 344-1037 PI: Dr. Mark Allmen (720) 344-1037 Contract #: DAAH0103CR277 |
UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA
Electrical Engineering/CS, 4000 Central Florida Blvd Orlando, FL 32816-2362 (407) 823-5077 ID#: D033-0046 Agency: DARPA Topic#: 03-004 Awarded: 6/16/2003 |
| Title: Automated Video Surveillance at Night | |
| Abstract: Visual surveillance systems have proliferated to the point where security personnel are overwhelmed by the number of video feeds that need to be continuously monitored. And the monitoring task is made even more difficult at night since nighttime video data can be relatively noisy compared to daytime video. In addition, many sensors applicable for nighttime use do not provide the amount of information, color and texture for example, that is often available in daytime video. In order to assist security personnel monitoring a site at night, we propose an intelligent video analysis component that can be embedded within surveillance systems so that security personnel can be alerted when something of importance appears within the video. Working with the operator, this component will intelligently remove motion clutter, detect objects in disallowed areas, detect objects performing disallowed behaviors such as running, and detect people performing suspicious behaviors such as loitering. In order to deal with the characteristics of nighttime video, the proposed system will exploit motion within the video directly and use how an object is moving, rather than its structure or static appearance, in order to recognize the type of object and its behavior. Visual surveillance systems have been used for decades to deter and record crime and provide extra sets of eyes to security personnel. However, surveillance systems have proliferated to the point where security personnel are overwhelmed by the number of video feeds that need to be continuously monitored. Security personnel''s job is further complicated when monitoring an outdoor environment at night. The intelligent video analysis component that we are proposing will alleviate much of the tedium associated with monitoring video surveillance feeds and thereby make the operator and surveillance system more effective. The commercial success of surveillance systems is well established. However, the commercial viability of automated or partially automated surveillance systems has yet to be fully realized. The key to commercial success will lie with the ability to address a restricted, but useful set of monitoring tasks, be robust to the challenging characteristics of nighttime video, and exploit a human in the loop in the most beneficial and unobtrusive manner possible. | |
| VOICEMETHODS LLC
Ectaco Corporate Center, 31-21 31st Street Long Island City, NY 11106 (718) 728-6110 PI: Mr. David Lubinitsky (718) 728-6110 Contract #: DAAH0103CR275 |
NORTH CAROLINA A&T STATE UNIVERSITY
1601 East Market Street Greensboro, NC 27411 (336) 334-7245 ID#: D033-0030 Agency: DARPA Topic#: 03-002 Awarded: 8/14/2003 |
| Title: COTS-Based Multilingual Translator for Military/Industrial Application | |
| Abstract: Multi-lingual Communication Device (MCD) will be a general purpose human assistance device designed for regular communications and specialized interviewing purposes. As a foundation it uses technology that exists today and can be improved and extended inexpensively to allow interactive dialog and interviews of persons of interest. It will use a structured (pre-existing topics and phrases/questions) interview approach in combination with speaker independent, high quality, speech driven interface supplemented with flexible KWAG (key words and grammar) ASR algorithms and elements of Machine Translation (MT) technology and Translation Memory Interface (TMI). A flexible and easy to use set of tools (SDK - Software Development Kit) will be available for the users to create their own extensions to the pre-existing "topics" and "phrases". In addition to specifically selected microphones and speakers, robust noise filtration algorithms will be evaluated and integrated into the solution for the high noise environments. A new generation of lightweight, platform portable speech language and language translations systems will fill the need for rapid structured two-way communication in emergency situations and "on-the-move" education market. Our target commercial markets initially will be emergency services, education and security market sectors. | |
| ACTA INCORPORATED
2790 Skypark Drive, Suite 310 Torrance, CA 90505-5345 (310) 530-1008 PI: Dr. Timothy K. Hasselman (310) 530-1008 Contract #: |
SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES
Systems Reliability, Mail Stop 1176, P.O. Box 5800 Albuquerque, NM 87185-1010 (505) 845-7949 ID#: B033-0061 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: Real-Time Prognostic Health Management for Fault Tolerant Airborne Laser Systems | |
| Abstract: The proposed project will demonstrate the feasibility of developing a data driven prognostic fault tolerant smart weapon system concept for the Airborne Laser. A real-time prognostic health management (PHM) system will be developed to track the likelihood of future system or subsystem failures and initiate or indicate appropriate actions to maintain or optimize system performance. A library of predictive algorithms will be employed to take large multi-dimensional data sets as input and provide advanced warning of specific failure, fault and error events to help manage the health of the ABL in an automated way. A principal components approach is proposed to analyze and quantify the uncertainty of target fault signatures. An on-board Consequence Engine is proposed to achieve a real-time fault tolerant, self-healing, smart weapon system while maintaining high mission success probability. A preliminary prototype demonstration will be carried out on a system or subsystem identified by ACTA and Team ABL. The ABL weapon system offers many challenges in the predictive maintenance of its combat effectiveness, range and crew safety, airworthiness, and operational cost. A data driven real-time prognostic health management system can help meet these challenges by providing continuous health monitoring for fault tolerant systems using prognostic data. A prognostic system that enables self-awareness, self-healing, and self-health management is particularly important for mobile weapon systems such as the ABL. A prognostic system provides vital information that can assist in refining the existing system or procuring future systems. Other potential applications involve predictive health management of critical assets such as a Space Based Laser (SBL) and Ground Based Laser (GBL), aircraft components, machinery, and industrial processes. The broad commercial potential of the predictive engines developed from this project will expand ACTA''s capabilities in providing risk analysis and management services to commercial and government clients. In addition, the technology acquired under this project will help ACTA to develop a Consequence Engine for the structural health monitoring system being developed for NASA. | |
| AET, INC.
1600 W. Eau Gallie Blvd., Suite 103 Melbourne, FL 32935 (321) 253-9221 PI: Dr. Thomas J. Sanders (321) 253-9221 Contract #: |
FLORIDA TECH
150 University Blvd. Melbourne, FL 32901 (321) 674-7269 ID#: B033-0049 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-002 Selected for Award |
| Title: Infrared Materials Modeling for Next Generation Focal Plane Architectures | |
| Abstract: This proposal is a response to the request by the United States Missile Defense Agency for Infrared Materials Modeling for Next Generation Focal Plane Architectures. We will create an improved model for infrared (IR) material growth structures used in HgCdTe IR focal plane arrays. Models should address the material processes needed for fabrication of multi-layer structures covering a wide range of wavelengths, middle wavelength to very long wavelength (MW to VLWIR). The results of the investigation should identify how the model will address/identify critical steps in the processing and final structure of the various architectures. The following tasks will be performed: ú Investigation of Current Models/Simulators ú Adapting Current Models/Simulators for New Objective ú Development a New Model and User Friendly Simulator ú Integration with and existing AET, Inc. simulator called IR-SIM This proposal directly addresses all of the main tasks identified by the Missile Defense Agency in the STTR solicitation. AET proposes to team with researchers at Florida Institute of Technology (Florida Tech) to jointly do the literature search and perform the model development. Between AET and Florida Tech there exists all of the knowledge necessary to address each of the items identified as deliverables for this project. The primary benefit of the AET Infrared Materials Modeling program will be to provide the US government and commercial FPA vendors the capabilities to employ advanced detector technologies. AET will also integrate the material models with existing device design tools that will increase the performance and affordability of Multi-color FPA's. | |
| AVYD DEVICES, INC.
2925 COLLEGE AVENUE, UNIT A-1 COSTA MESA, CA 92626-3905 (714) 751-8553 PI: Dr. HONNAVALLI R VYDYANAT (714) 751-8553 Contract #: |
SRI INTERNATIONAL
333 Ravenswood Avenue Menlo Park, CA 94025 (650) 859-4694 ID#: B033-0029 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-002 Selected for Award |
| Title: Infrared materials modeling for next generation focal plane architectures | |
| Abstract: In Phase I, AVYD DEVICES in collaboration with SRI International, will demonstrate the feasibility of our modeling approach to predict material properties and device performances using experimental parameters of growth and fabrication processes for multicolor HgCdTe detectors. The models will include point defect-dopant interactions; Fermi dopant diffusion; interdiffusion (including Fermi level effects); interactions between dopants, point defects, and extended defects; defect injection and formation during etching; and deposition of passivation layers. The models will be calibrated against experimental data. Multicolor IR sensors, weather science, metrology, industrial process monitoroing and surveillance | |
| BARRON ASSOCIATES, INC.
1160 Pepsi Place, Suite 300 Charlottesville, VA 22901 (434) 973-1215 PI: Dr. B. Eugene Parker, Jr. (434) 973-1215 Contract #: |
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
4 New South Building Princeton, NJ 08544-0036 (609) 258-7508 ID#: B033-0018 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: Advance Failure Warning via Data Driven Stochastic Models | |
| Abstract: The ideal prognostic system would be generic, requiring no domain-specific knowledge for its application. The prognostic system must also perform across all operating regimes without generating an excessive number of false alarms, and must successfully diagnose problems. The semi-empirical technique proposed herein by Barron Associates, Inc. and its academic partners at Princeton University takes advantage of sophisticated black-box modeling, efficient nonparametric state estimation, and sensitive statistical change detection and isolation algorithms. Observers composed of banks of unscented particle filters will be used to estimate the internal states of the system that is being monitored, after a model has been constructed from preliminary data. These resulting state estimates will then be used to synthesize output signals that are insensitive to noise and unmodelled dynamics, but sensitive to faults. A statistical change detection technique (based on a modification of the standard generalized likelihood ratio statistic) is then used to process these output signals to detect faults in real time. Detection of anomalous behavior is made subject to user-specified probabilities for false alarms and missed detections. Analytical redundancy and probabilistic modelling will be used to ensure the correct diagnosis and isolation of problems. The ability to predict machine/equipment events has significant commercial potential in aircraft, power, manufacturing, processing, transportation, and other industrial applications where such capability would allow companies to improve reliability and safety, reduce downtime, and lower the direct maintenance cost of physical assets. | |
| BLUE RIDGE NCA CORPORATION
DBA Business Knowledge Architects, 192 Summerfield Roanoke, VA 24019 (540) 966-0136 PI: Mr. David L Alger (443) 255-3899 Contract #: |
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road Laurel, MD 20723-6099 (240) 228-8663 ID#: B033-0051 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: Data Driven Prognostics | |
| Abstract: We propose a software package that combines recent advances in several pattern recognition techniques, including neural networks, multivariate statistics and model-based reasoning. Results from these prognostics will be combined into a single probability of failure for the modeled component or subsystem of the ABL, which would be output to a simple graphical user interface (GUI). The preliminary software design suggested contains modules that are highly cohesive and decoupled, particularly with respect to the prognostic algorithms and the library specific to the ABL system. This decoupling greatly enhances the reuse of the software for other components or subsystems of the ABL, or for domains completely separate from the ABL. The work that we propose seeks not only to establish the feasibility of the approach that we will take, but will also create a solid software design for future work. In addition, at least one prognostic algorithm will be completed along with a rudimentary library relating to a single ABL component or subsystem. The completed algorithm(s) along with the library will be combined in a software package that will generate failure predictions on the modeled component or subsystem. There is a great need for prognostic systems throughout the MDA, DoD, and commercial markets. As systems grow increasingly complex, human analysis of these systems becomes less feasible. The first commercialization attempts will be with MDA and the ABL system. Phase one and Phase two funding only allows for analysis of a very limited part of the ABL system, and the partnership of BKA and APL will continue to pursue additional contracts to continually improve the prognostic systems, and the expand the domain that is being monitored. In addition to the ABL system, the software can be marketed throughout the MDA, as the decoupling of the domain libraries from the algorithms and program operation will allow rapid and inexpensive development for other MDA systems. Once completed, the software will allow prognostics on nearly any system with real time data flows, only requiring the development of new domain libraries. Outside of the MDA, the DoD community at large has tremendous need for automated prognostics of mechanical systems, and these markets will be sought as well. In additional to mechanical systems, however, software and information systems can also be diagnosed with such a tool. BKA will continue to require and develop prognostic systems for its tactical software effort, and this tool will be integrated into such general-purpose software as JEBRA, as well as specific software packages for more specialized domains. The software package itself as well as the lessons learned from the feasibility study will be invaluable tools as BKA continues these efforts. APL will use this tool in a variety of software efforts for the DoD and NASA. The aforementioned OAK software package, for instance, could be evolved to include prognostics to the already functioning diagnostic, automated response, and control system to reduce manning on Navy vessels. Additionally, this software would likely be integrated into sensor grids to enhance the survivability and reliability of those grids. Finally, APL would seek to use this software package to add prognostics to unmanned underwater and aerial vehicles to predict failures in these systems. The need for automated prognostics is not unique to the DoD, however. A pervasive problem in the commercial sector is to optimize manufacturing processes and detect and prevent failures. The immense cost of individualized software development prevents many such companies from pursuing such solutions however. Using adaptations of this software, BKA will seek to provide solutions to such problems to consumers in the commercial market at a substantially reduced rate. | |
| BRONTEK DELTA CORPORATION
6580 Valley Center Dr., Suite 155 Radford, VA 24141-5669 (540) 633-6733 PI: Mr. James M. Williams (865) 574-6265 Contract #: |
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
P.O. Box 2008, MS 6499 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6499 (865) 576-4221 ID#: B033-0019 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: Smoothing of Military Mirrors by a Novel Surface Alloying and Melting Technique | |
| Abstract: The Be-B binary alloy system has a eutectic at 10 at. % boron, where the singular melting point is at 1120 oC. This value is some 169 degrees below the normal melting point of beryllium. The intent of the present STTR proposal is to use this circumstance to develop a "glaze melting" technique for smoothing of Be mirror surfaces, starting with as-machined or crudely polished surfaces. A surface alloy of 10 at % boron will be established with uniform concentration to a depth of several times the RMS surface texture by use of boron ion implantation. Then, by suitable heating techniques, the surface can be melted for smoothing without melting of the substrate The program springs in part from previous activity in surface processing of Be by the institutional partner, Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The opportunity is timely because of three factors: recent development of the boron cathodic source by HY-Tech Research Corporation, parent firm of the applicant, Brontek Delta Corporation (BronteK) ú incorporation of BronteK, specifically for applications of the boron arc in optics and electronics ú the present solicitation. Manufacturing methods that will provide economical ways of producing mirrors from beryllium are being sought. The proposed project aims to develop a method with exceptional economy of scale, which also minimizes occupational exposure issues (by nearly eliminating the production of Be dust). | |
| CENTER FOR REMOTE SENSING, INC.
3702 Pender Drive, Suite 170 Fairfax, VA 22030-6066 (703) 385-7717 PI: Dr. Suman Ganguly (703) 385-7717 Contract #: |
APPLIED RESEARCH LABORATORY
Penn State Navigation R&D Cent, 995 Newtown Road Warminster, PA 18974 (215) 682-4003 ID#: B033-0044 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-006 Selected for Award |
| Title: Ultra Tight GPS/INS Integration | |
| Abstract: We propose to design and develop an advanced GPS/INS integrated system for anti-jam and high dynamics conditions. Integration between GPS and INS will be performed in a federated sense using ultra-tight coupling. CRS has developed a novel GPS development system consisting of integrated software tools and hardware modules. These tools allow simulation and real-time implementation in a single step as well as easy access to the GPS receiver internals (correlators and their internal components, i.e.). They will provide simulation and rapid prototyping of advanced GPS/INS integration. Our concept is based on developing a dual frequency (front end) GPS software (correlators contained in software) receiver and ultra-tightly coupled GPS/IMU integration scheme. This concept maximizes operation of GPS in jamming environments and optimizes navigation accuracy even when GPS has limited availability. We propose to perform simulations and trade-off analysis using our flexible software receivers, software simulators and associated products. Trade off analysis will allow us to select the optimum coupling scenario and also design GPS architecture in order to maximize the GPS/IMU integration. We propose to demonstrate the performance of the composite system via simulation during Phase I. The fabrication and field test of the system will be performed during Phase II. The removal of the acquisition stage from the GPS guided munition coupled with ultra-tight coupling results in highly accurate navigation solutions even under high dynamic, high jamming conditions and can find numerous applications in DoD. The capability to operate in indoor environments will increase the range of applications for the GPS based system. | |
| CFD RESEARCH CORPORATION
215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805 (256) 726-4800 PI: Dr. Debasis Sengupta (256) 726-4800 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA-HUNTSVILLE
Sparkman Dr. Huntsville, AL 35899 (256) 824-2654 ID#: B033-0060 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: Controlled Non-Catalytic Decomposition of High Concentration Hydrogen Peroxide | |
| Abstract: This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I study is aimed at developing the technology that will allow safe non-catalytic decomposition of High Test Peroxide (HTP) for its application as a monopropellant. The kinetics of HTP decomposition, which lies at the root of thermal runaway and explosions, will be identified using closely-coordinated theoretical and experimental research from atmospheric pressure up to approximately 3000 psia. Following this step, computational fluid dynamics calculations will be performed to identify the envelop for safe operation of a typical HTP reactor. This step will involve systematic variation of relevant operating parameters. During this study, methods to suppress and/or control thermal runaway will also be identified by careful systematic analysis of the results. The data required for validation and/or calibration of the models necessary to perform the above studies will be collected at the University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH). Fundamental understanding of the kinetics of HTP decomposition will eliminate current trial-and-error procedures for designing HTP reactors and will enable quicker design of HTP reactors for various military and commercial applications. During Phase II, the research will be extended to address the use of HTP as a bi-propellant. A prototype combustor will be designed based on modeling results. Finally, the proposed technology will be demonstrated by fabricating a prototype and operating it under typical operating conditions of interest to MDA. The proposed technology, if proven viable, will eliminate the need for expensive degradable catalysts, and thereby enable tremendous reduction in the cost currently incurred in running systems with HTP. Programs which will benefit from this technology are the Airborne Laser (ABL) program, the Liquid Target Surrogate Vehicle program, and the Kinetic Kill Vehicle (KKV) program. | |
| CIGITAL, INC
21351 Ridgetop Circle, Suite 400 Dulles, VA 20166 (703) 404-9293 PI: Dr. Christoph Michael (703) 404-5751 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS ITTC
University of Kansas, 2335 Irving Hill Road Lawrence, KS 66045-7612 (785) 864-7741 ID#: B033-0070 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: machine learning techniques for failure prediction in computer-controlled devices | |
| Abstract: We propose to implement an array of machine learning algorithms that can synthesize failure-prediction monitors with a minimum of human domain knowledge. Such a condition-monitor analyzes behavior data generated by computer controlled devices --- data that can come from sensors on mechanical equipment as well as sensors within the control software --- and identifies evidence of impending malfunctions. The main challenge is to determine what behavior signals a possible failure. Traditionally this has been done by hand, but recent advances in machine learning make it possible to automate that process. Our emphasis will be on machine learning algorithms that can handle the non-numerical data generated by software monitors as well as the numerical data generated by sensors place on mechanical equipment. Failure prediction (or condition monitoring) is the basis of condition-based maintentance, which preempts equipment failures while potentially reducing maintenance costs. Thus, our proposed technology can be beneficial in all areas of industry and government where computer controlled equipment is used. In addition to permitting condition-monitoring for computer-controlled devices, our proposed technology may also allow condition-monitoring of information systems and executing software. This is a crucial element in the development of increasingly autonomous, self-monitoring software systems. | |
| COMPOSITE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT, INC.
2600 Campus Drive, Suite D Lafayette, CO 80026-0000 (303) 664-0394 PI: Dr. Kaushik Mallick (303) 664-0394 Contract #: |
NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY
P.O. Box 5285 Fargo, ND 58105-5285 (701) 231-7244 ID#: B033-0054 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-004 Selected for Award |
| Title: Composite Tank Design to Limit Fatigue-Induced Microcracking | |
| Abstract: In this Phase I Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) program, Composite Technology Development, Inc. (CTD) and our Research Institution partner North Dakota State University (NDSU) propose to implement a integrated systematic approach to designing reusable composite tanks for ABL applications. The primary goals of the Phase I program include understanding the mechanism of microcrack growth in a composite material subjected to cyclic thermo-mechanical load and developing a roadmap for designing fatigue resistant composite materials that are compatible with chemicals of high interest to MDA, such as iodine and basic hydrogen peroxide used in the ABL laser. This proposed effort should enable the production of lightweight, robust, and economical composite tanks for both MDA and commercial applications. Concerns with leakage resulting from microcracking of the composite and chemical compatibility have prevented acceptance of composite tanks in many applications. The proposed activity will enable microcrack resistant, chemically compatible composite tanks. Reliable and cost-effective composite tanks will have applicability to a wide range of future MDA, DoD, NASA, and commercial applications. | |
| E-SPECTRUM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
12725 Spectrum Drive San Antonio, TX 78249-3400 (210) 696-8848 PI: Mr. Robert A. Houston (210) 696-8848 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
PO Box 7726 Austin, TX 78759-5321 (512) 627-7175 ID#: B033-0050 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: A Generalized Data Driven Prognostic Algorithm Based On A Kalman Filter Mixture-Of-Experts Framework | |
| Abstract: This research is centered on the investigation of a modular methodology for application of adaptive Kalman filtering using a mixture-of-experts network to a data driven prognostic system for the Airborne Laser (ABL). In this framework, each expert node will be a Kalman filter modeled with failure modalities based on physical ABL system parameters. This framework provides the robust on-line prognostic capability for the complex systems of the ABL which will require an ability to estimate time-varying system states with specified uncertainty and to rapidly react to changes in ABL system failure modalities and as well as occurrences of un-modeled failures. The use of data driven prognostic algorithms that can accurately predict time to fail distributions for key subsystems and functional elements of the Airborne Laser will allow timely remediation of failure modalities prior to their physical manifestations impacting overall system performance. | |
| EVAPORATED METAL FILMS CORPORATION
239 Cherry Street Ithaca, NY 14850-5024 (607) 272-3320 PI: Mr. Thomas R. Sroda (607) 280-6106 Contract #: |
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
Office of Sponsored Programs, 120 Day Hall Ithaca, NY 14853 (607) 255-5337 ID#: B033-0013 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: Durable Complex Silver Optical Coating Stack for Military Mirror Applications | |
| Abstract: This Small Business Technology Transfer program will result in high-performance silver-based coatings for lightweight military mirrors in missile defense and other critical DoD applications. The coatings will be highly reflective at all angles of incidence in the visible and infrared wavelength regions and will have excellent environmental durability, adhesion, and manufacturability. Energetic ion assisted deposition will be used to develop robust complex silver-based coating stacks with optimized adhesion chemistry, passivation layer materials and structures, and minimized coating stress. In Phase I, proof-of-concept stacks will be developed and quantitatively characterized for adhesion, stress, reflectivity, and environmental durability. In Phase II the coating stack designs and processes will be optimized for peak performance and manufacturability and demonstrated in a full production environment. Cornell University will be the partnering academic institution and will transfer to industry their specific expertise in thin film modeling and novel methodology for characterization and control of adhesion and stress. Partnering with Axsys Technologies, Inc., a leading beryllium mirror manufacturer, ensures prompt commercialization of the improved silver coatings. This project will result in the commercialization and volume production of durable, high-quality, high-value, reflective silver coatings optimized for lightweight mirror applications. Military applications that will benefit include missile guidance and tracking systems, high-acceleration scan and steering mirrors, vehicle sighting systems, and thermal imagers. Additionally, improvements in lightweight mirror performance will benefit fighter aircraft and helicopter mirror applications. Astronomical applications such as space telescope and satellite mirrors will welcome improved silver coatings for their lightweight and traditional glass optics. | |
| FIREHOLE TECHNOLOGIES
209 Grand Ave Laramie, WY 82070 (307) 742-9227 PI: Dr. Mark Garnich (307) 766-2949 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING
P.O. Box 335 Laramie, WY 82071-3355 (307) 766-5320 ID#: B033-0040 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: Data Driven Prognostics | |
| Abstract: Programs such as Airborne Laser and Space-Based Laser are in need of highly mass efficient structural materials to achieve system performance targets. This naturally leads to graphite fiber reinforced polymers for many system components. For some applications, such as cryogen storage vessels, these materials are subject to micro cracking under little or no structural loading. New materials with equivalent or superior specific properties that are resistant to micro cracking are needed for these applications. The recent focus on material particles with nanometer scale dimensions offers the opportunity to employ multiscale reinforcement in polymers by reinforcing the resin at the nano-scale within a conventional "micro-scale" composite. Relatively little attention has been devoted to understanding and optimizing the structural benefits of these materials. There is demand, however, for exploiting the possibilities for improved structural performance through the design of multiscale, three-constituent composites. Advanced multiscale material modeling is perhaps the most effective way to explore the potential benefit of three phase material systems and gain understanding that will lead to new materials designed for certain performance objectives. This project will apply multiscale modeling techniques to devise new materials and structure design strategies that result in composite structures resistant to damage in deep thermal cycle environments. The results of the work proposed herein have broad commercial potential. The storage of liquids and liquid cryogens in lightweight containers is an important design issue in all types of air and space vehicles today. Lightweight composite storage tanks are of particular interest in both the Airborne Laser (ABL) and Space Based Laser (SBL) programs. Particular emphasis in modeling and analysis capabilities is placed on the SBL program due to the fact that actual testing scenarios that simulate space conditions are nearly impossible. For this reason, the ability to model and predict the responses of these composite storage tanks under in-service conditions has a large commercial potential. As composite materials are more widely used for increasingly severe mechanical and thermal loading situations there is an inherent need to understand their behavior under application and to tailor their properties to meet the design needs. The ability to model not only constituent variations but also nano reinforcement modifications will be key to the successful application of three-phase (multiscale) composite material systems. The ability to provide material design guides and criteria along with structural analysis capabilities to both government and private industry is vital to the commercial success of the proposed research. We feel that strong commercial potential exists in both the sale of analysis and design software for composites that include nano-scale reinforcement, and for technical consulting work related to deep thermal cycle applications and associated material modification. | |
| FLEXIAL CORPORATION
1483 Gould Drive Cookeville, TN 38506 (931) 432-1853 PI: Mr. Richard R Larsen (931) 432-1853 Contract #: |
TENNESSEE TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Center for Mfg Research, P.O. Box 5077 Cookeville, TN 38505 (931) 372-3362 ID#: B033-0057 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: Develop and/or Improve Optical Coating Processes for Military Mirrors | |
| Abstract: Develop a titanium, welded metal bellows extendable sunshade to deploy over seeker system optics in kinetic kill vehicles and other military missile systems that employ optical tracking. One object of the sunshade is to offer an alternative technology to help improve the durability of optical coatings by minimizing thermal gradients on the coatings as would be generated by free airflow across the reflective surfaces following ejection of the protective nosecone in the upper atmosphere. An additional benefit to the optical coating is protection from insolation (solar radiation) over a 50% solid angle. Still another benefit of the all metallic sunshade is protection of the optics and sensor, and hardening of associated circuitry from effects nuclear blast energy. A long-term benefit is protection of the optical surfaces from slow outgas or migration of volatile compounds to optical surfaces that occur with organic materials. Use in military observation satellites for shielding from sunlight, moonlight and earth reflections. Use in new space telescopes, providing a compact, collapsible sunshade that can be deployed as needed. | |
| GOLDEN HELIX INC.
716 S. 20th Ave. Suite 102 Bozeman, MT 59718 (406) 585-8137 PI: Dr. Christophe Lambert (406) 922-0011 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
357 Ford Hall, 224 Church Street S.E. Minneapolis, MN 55455 (612) 624-4166 ID#: B033-0026 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: Data Driven Prognostics | |
| Abstract: We propose to develop a prototype suite of recursive partitioning (RP) methodologies to provide advanced warning of failure, malfunction and/or performance degradation for Airborne Laser Program subsystems in service. Through better monitoring and analysis of the status of its systems, prediction of equipment life remaining can be made and corrective action taken to enhance the availability of the Airborne Laser System and increase its cost-effectiveness. In general, the cost of failure of military equipment can be enormous in terms of resources, compromised mission success, and potential loss of life. Providing early warning before equipment failures transpire has a commensurately huge economic benefit. Our proprietary RP algorithms are already commercialized in the pharmaceutical industry in software used to predict patient outcomes in clinical trials. Modifying our methods to a hazard-based RP framework will enable us to meet MDA prognostic needs. The risk associated with this work is nominal but it is possible that the premise we are working from will prove inadequate and require further investigation. With the funds from this grant we propose to further develop our patented recursive partitioning algorithms to perform hazard RP in a novel application to provide accurate predictions of system function/malfunction. The cost of failure of military equipment can be enormous, both in terms of resources and possible loss of life. Providing early warning before failures happen can reduce these costs. The MDA anticipates the use of such successful technology with the Airborne Laser Program. Beyond applications to equipment failure, the technologies have applicability to human subjects in predicting lifetimes of people under various conditions. | |
| IA TECH, INC.
10501 Kinnard Avenue Los Angeles, CA 90024-6017 (310) 474-3568 PI: Dr. Kam S. Tso (310) 474-3568 Contract #: |
INSTITUTE FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
320 Adams Street, P.O. Box 2720 Fairmont, WV 26555-2720 (304) 368-9300 ID#: B033-0008 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: Library and Architecture for Implementing Data Driven Prognostics | |
| Abstract: The IA Tech, Inc. and Institute for Scientific Research, Inc. (ISR) team proposes an innovative concept for data driven prognostics that includes a library of predictive algorithms and an architecture with which these algorithms can be selected, implemented, visualized, and monitored. When systemic changes are indicated by the data collected and mined, the prognostics system refines the previously developed algorithm. This approach leverages the successful data mining and predictive algorithm development that ISR has developed for the Fixed Head Star Tracker (FHST) subsystem of the Hubble Space Telescope, with test results indicating a potential 60% decrease in FHST failures. ISR is also participating in the Intelligent Flight Control System program sponsored by NASA Dryden Flight Research Center. This ongoing effort includes developing, for flight demonstration, a flight control concept that uses neural networks to optimize aircraft stability in both normal and failure conditions. The expertise, tools, algorithms, and lessons learned are all part of the technology ISR will transfer and share with IA Tech for the approach and solution to the Airborne Laser and similar data driven prognostics problems. The resulting library application/implementation architecture will be portable to different platforms and extensible to accommodate advances in data driven prediction and prognostics. Effective data driven prognostics can reduce system maintenance costs and downtime, extend the life of a system, and improve its reliability, safety and operational performance. This capability and its attendant benefits are applicable to the Airborne Laser and a number of commercial sectors, including for example, aircraft, power, manufacturing, processing, transportation, and medical systems. | |
| IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
125 Tech Park Drive Rochester, NY 14623 (585) 424-1990 PI: Dr. Michael J. Roemer (585) 424-1990 Contract #: |
GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Office of Sponsored Programs, Industry Contracting Office Atlanta, GA 30332-0420 (404) 894-4817 ID#: B033-0011 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: Intelligent Software Agents for Data Driven Prognostics | |
| Abstract: Impact Technologies, in collaboration with the Georgia Institute of Technology, proposes an innovative data driven prognostic system based on the integration of an Anomaly Reasoning Agent (ARA), Diagnostics Reasoning Agent (DRA), and Prognostic Reasoning Agent (PRA). With an Airborne Laser (ABL-based) focus, data acquired from a multi-sensor array is first validated, fused and key diagnostic features are extracted from it that are used in a high-level Support Vector Machine classifier. This conditioned information is then assessed by the ARA, which trigger events for the downstream diagnostic and prognostic agents. Once triggered, the DRA will utilize data driven models and failure mode propagation knowledge associated with the subsystem for determining the root cause of the anomaly. Also event driven, the PRA will predict the time to mechanical failure or time to conditional failure of a component or components within a subsystem given all data, features and data-driven models from the ARA and DRA. The PRA will implement integrated data-driven and physical (when available) models that exist at various levels of complexity. Within the system architecture described herein, the Prognostic Reasoning agent's function is to intelligently utilize anomaly/diagnostic results, extracted features, experienced-based information and statistically estimated future conditions to determine the remaining useful life of the component or subsystem of the ABL system. The proposed data driven prognostic system will be demonstrated in an integrated software environment using simulated ABL data. The potential commercial use of the marketable data driven prognostic technologies is broad. The successful completion of the proposed work will lead to significant benefits in a wide variety of areas, with a very substantial potential for commercial impact. This is primarily due to the fact that the Agent-based architecture is data-driven, hence allowing practical implementation for any type of complex system being monitored with low/high bandwidth data sources. Examples of key industrial customers that could benefit through use of the developed fault diagnostic technologies include commercial airlines, electric power producers, oil and gas transmission companies, and marine propulsion applications. | |
| IN SPACE, L.L.C.
P.O. Box 3874 West Lafayette, IN 47996-3874 (765) 464-3288 PI: Mr. Benjamin Austin (765) 409-0456 Contract #: |
PURDUE UNIVERSITY
315 North Grant St. West Lafayette, IN 47907-2028 (765) 494-5126 ID#: B033-0058 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: Thermal Decomposer for Peroxide | |
| Abstract: Thermal decomposition of hydrogen peroxide may provide significant weight, operability, envelope, and cost benefits over traditional catalytic decomposition units used in propulsion and energy systems. However, no proven methods exist for the design of reliable and efficient thermal decomposition devices. A validated engineering design model and definition of safe operating regimes are pressing needs. IN Space has teamed with Purdue University in this proposal to develop an existing one-dimensional model into an engineering model that can be used for design analysis of thermal decomposition devices, and to use that model to develop preliminary conceptual designs for efficient thermal decomposition devices. Five tasks are proposed: define a design parameter trade space; develop a model that takes into account mass transfer, heat transfer, and chemical kinetics; use the model to assess basic thermal decomposer designs; experimentally determine thermal decomposition rate constants in isothermal tube reactor tests; define the boundaries of safe and reliable operation; and identify enabling technologies necessary for successful development. The advantages of a device that thermally decomposes hydrogen peroxide are significant. The use of stabilized hydrogen peroxide will allow longer peroxide storage, longer useable engine life, and safer storage and use. Without concern for fouling the catalyzed material inside a catalyst bed, a thermal decomposer could be designed so that it can be disassembled and inspected which would allow for prediction of part failure and for preventative maintain to be performed. Department of Defense projects that would directly benefit from a thermal decomposition device are the Liquid Target System and Airborne Laser programs. Developing and validating these systems as well as training personnel to use them provide a considerable market for such a device. Civilian aerospace could significantly benefit from a thermal decomposer by using it as a gas generator for emergency/auxiliary power units or driving turbopumps in a liquid feed system. The private sector could also use thermally decomposed peroxide for a staged bipropellant booster as in the Liquid Target System. The IN Space/Purdue team has obtained agreements with Northrop-Grumman Space Technology and FMC, leaders in their respective fields of hydrogen peroxide-based propulsion and production, to advise the development of the thermal decomposition device. | |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
7519 Standish Place, Suite 200 Rockville, MD 20855 (301) 294-5215 PI: Dr. Chiman Kwan (301) 294-5238 Contract #: |
GEORGIA INSITTUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
The George W. Woodruff School, of Mechacnical Engineering Atlanta, GA 30332-0405 (404) 894-8164 ID#: B033-0031 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: A Novel Prognostics Library for Electromechanical Systems | |
| Abstract: Fault diagnosis and prognosis is very important in health monitoring or condition based maintenance. If one can measure the degradation of a component before it actually fails, then it will provide ample time for maintenance engineers to schedule a repair, and to acquire replacement components before the components actually fail. IAI and its STTR partner, Georgia Institute of Technilogy, propose a library of prognostics tools that contain several innovative ideas. First, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based prognostics tool is proposed. The PCA based tool was applied to assess the health status of a gearbox at Penn State University. We were able to detect a gearbox failure five hours before the tooth broke. Second, a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based approach is proposed to predict the degraded state of the system. The HMM based tool was applied to a rotating shaft system in IAI's laboratory. Third, an adaptive prognostics tool is proposed to predict the remaining life of a system. The adaptive prognostics tool was demonstrated by using a bearing testbed at Georgia Tech. Again accurate remaining life was correctly predicted. The new library is highly relevant to this topic since we plan to apply the techniques to the Airborne Laser (ABL) system. The technology can be used in any military and commercial applications, where electromechanical systems are used. The proposed system may also be extended to many other applications, such as bearings, pumps, gearboxes, motors, etc. The Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) program is our first target Phase 3 application. In addition, IAI has developed health monitoring systems and/or components for Boeing, Ford, and Motorola. Recently, IAI has completed a contract with Boeing to develop health monitoring and prognostics technology for the Future Combat System (FCS) of the Army. The research results of this project will lay down a solid foundation for future commercialization effort with these and other companies. | |
| INTELLIGENT INFERENCE SYSTEMS CORP
333 W. Maude Ave., Suite 105 Sunnyvale, CA 94085-4367 (408) 730-8345 PI: Dr. Hamid R. Berenji (408) 730-8345 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
EECS Department Albuquerque, NM 87185 (505) 853-6795 ID#: B033-0038 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: Gated Experts Neural Networks for Prognostics | |
| Abstract: The prognostic tasks in component health monitoring require recognizing early signs of system malfunctioning and recommending whether a maintenance procedure should be carried out. A prognostic system needs to separate nominal component behavior from a faulty ones even in the cases that those behaviors are similar. Advanced pattern recognition techniques are required to separate nominal and faulty input-output component data vectors in a complex high-dimensional space. We propose to develop a Gated Experts based Neural Network for Prognostics (GE-NNP) architecture and test its performance on a subsystem of the ABL system. GE-NNP is based on the integration of the analysis of three local experts that are developed using the Extended Auto Associative Neural Networks (E-AANN), Kohonen Self-Organizing Maps (KSOM), and Radial Basis Function based Clustering (RBFC). The Gated Experts approach in GE-NNP combines the recommendations of E-ANN, KSOM, and RBFC to dynamically give more weight to the ones better suited for the current context. In Phase I we will use data from the airborne laser (ABL) program to evaluate the performance of GE-NNP for detecting anomalies in determining how much a certain input-output data observation deviates from what is expected for a healthy component. Will detect potential faults and will warn the users well ahead of time to perform maintenance/repair operations thereby saving millions of dollars for industrial repairs and maintenance. | |
| KVH INDUSTRIES, INC.
50 Enterprise Center Middletown, RI 02842 (401) 847-3327 PI: Dr. Kalyan Ganesan (401) 847-3327 Contract #: |
KVH INDUSTRIES, INC
50 Enterprise Center Middletown, RI 02842 (401) 847-3327 ID#: B033-0069 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-006 Selected for Award |
| Title: Ultra Tight Coupling for High Anti-Jam GPS/INS | |
| Abstract: In response to STTR Topic MDA03T-006, KVH Industries proposes to combine the advantages of short-term precision of an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and the long-term stability of the Global Positioning System (GPS). The resulting integrated GPS/IMU system would offer significant performance (e.g., reduced accuracy degradation) and cost benefits. By tightly coupling the GPS pseudorange and inertial sensor measurements within a single navigation filter, the inertial and GPS components cooperate on a much higher level, providing a more robust and accurate navigation system. Additional robust satellite tracking can be provided via adaptive techniques in the antenna portion of the GPS receiver. KVH seeks to integrate raw inertial sensor measurements and GPS receiver code phase measurements directly within a single navigation filter. The advantages of this "ultra-tightly coupled system" include increased accuracy of the navigation solution, decreased complexity and cost of the navigation subsystem, improved robustness in an RF-challenged environment, and reduction in the size of the GPS/IMU navigator. We envision an ultra-tightly coupled system housed within a single cylindrical package that would include three rate sensors, three acceleration sensors, a GPS receiver, power conditioning, and a single navigation filter. Potential commercial application for the ultra-tightly coupled high anti-jam GPS/INS system include: integrated hybrid navigation and flight control systems for precision guided munitions and missiles; loitering weapons; stabilization and aiming of airborne pods for laser designation and aerial reconnaissance; airborne drones, targets, decoys; aircraft attitude and heading reference systems; a variety of Unmanned Autonomous Vehicles (UAV); navigation and pointing applications for combat vehicles, COMINT, SIGINT, ELINT; combat service support; combat support vehicles; non-military land navigation, tracking and reporting systems; tracking of hazardous materials; fire and rescue services, police, and even the general public. | |
| MAGNOLIA OPTICAL TECHNOLOGIES,INC.
52-B Cummings Park, Suite 314 Woburn, MA 01801 (781) 503-1200 PI: Dr. Ashok K. Sood (781) 503-1200 Contract #: |
BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER
Boston University, 8 Saint Marys Street Boston, MA 02215-2421 (617) 358-1576 ID#: B033-0027 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-002 Selected for Award |
| Title: Development of HgCdTe Material Models for Next Generation Infrared Focal Plane Architectures | |
| Abstract: Developments of multi-color FPA's are important for use in missile defense systems (such as GMD and THAAD) applications. Key to meeting these system requirements is development of multi-color HgCdTe focal plane arrays with high pixel uniformity, reduced readout noise, improved resolution, and higher temperature of operation, to reduce cost and volume of these sensors and seekers. Magnolia Optical Technologies proposes to develop modeling/simulation tools for improving the multi-layer HgCdTe growth, device design, process improvements and detector fabrication. Magnolia has a strong team complementing its strengths in the HgCdTe materials and Device modeling/technology for multi-color applications. We plan to develop these tools for the multi-color HgCdTe materials and devices and demonstrate the utility of these tools for significant improvements in the integrated monolithic multi-color IRFPA's. scientific applications where detection of IR radiation plays a key role. Most of these applications for detection and/or measurement require high performance multi-color IR detectors either as linear arrays or as two-dimensional arrays. The market for commercial IR photo-detectors is expected to grow rapidly over the next 10 years. The characteristics that make multi-color IR photo-detectors suitable for defense applications also benefit many industrial and scientific applications. Several applications in environmental monitoring and control use IR sensors. For example, IR based systems can be used for chem-bio detection for homeland security and other large commercial buildings. In addition, IR spectroscopy plays an important role in several medical and scientific applications. Multicolor IR sensors would have many applications in Weather Science, material science, metrology, industrial process monitoring and surveillance. | |
| MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, INC.
6022 Constitution Avenue NE Albuquerque, NM 87110 (505) 255-8611 PI: Mr. Ken Blemel (505) 255-8611 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
Department of Computer Science Albuquerque, NM 87131-1386 (505) 277-3112 ID#: B033-0065 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: Autonomous Learning for Condition Based Maintenance | |
| Abstract: Abstract is unavailable. | |
| MATERIALS MODIFICATION INC
2721-D Merrilee Drive Fairfax, VA 22031 (703) 560-1371 PI: Dr. R. Radhakrishnan (703) 560-1371 Contract #: |
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
Division of Sponsored Programs, Box 7749, Station B Nashville, TN 37235-7749 (615) 322-2631 ID#: B033-0063 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: Microwave Induced Thermal Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide | |
| Abstract: Catalytic decomposition of highly concentrated "High Test Peroxide" (HTP) has hitherto been used in rocket propellant applications. This method suffers from drawbacks such as poisoning of catalyst due to the incorporation of stabilizers and inhibitors in the highly explosive HTP and high cost that necessitate the development of non-catalytic thermal systems for decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. In this Phase I proposal, Materials Modification Inc. proposes an alternative novel technique for decomposing aqueous hydrogen peroxide (a more stable and storable form of the oxidizer) for the fabrication of a new type of liquid fuel booster system. With results obtained from phase I research, a prototype unit of a controllable decomposer will be designed incorporating microwave heating and its efficiency studied for subsequent use in real-time propulsion. The proposed research will yield a highly reliable for effective decomposition of hydrogen peroxide for rocket engines. | |
| MIGMA SYSTEMS, INC.
1600 Providence Highway, Suite 211 Walpole, MA 02081 (508) 660-0388 PI: Dr. Bo Ling (508) 660-0328 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND
Dept of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics Kingston, RI 02881 (401) 874-2356 ID#: B033-0017 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: Data Driven Damage Diagnosis and Prognosis | |
| Abstract: This proposal is aimed at demonstrating the applicability of a method for data-based, online, real-time monitoring of machine health state and predicting imminent failures. The data driven prognostic system will be based on a new, general state-space based approach to parameter tracking in dynamical systems. This method is applicable to systems where the parameters drift at a slower rate than the observable dynamics measured by sensors. This method will be applied to a gray-scale health monitoring and imminent failure prediction in the Airborne Laser (ABL) subsystems. In particular, the initial focus of this work will be on the ABL beam control systems. The main objective of this proposal is to identify specific critical component(s) of the beam control system and demonstrate the ability to predict its failure. This will be accomplished by developing enabling software technologies that will utilize readily available operating data and sensor measurements to monitor systems in real-time so that the incipient damage can be tracked and time-to-failure can be predicted, completed with error estimates. To assist users in analyzing variables associated with the component damages, an unsupervised neural network is used to classify the measurement data and a computer visualization program will show high-dimensional data patterns. Our innovative dynamical-system-based diagnosis and prognosis software system developed in Phase I and II has a great potential for commercial success. The immediate market will be the defense industry in the United States. Our core technologies can also be applied to process equipment monitoring (e.g., sensors and valves), aircraft equipment monitoring (e.g., engines), power generators, etc. | |
| NANOHMICS, INC
4302 Rimdale Dr. Austin, TX 78731-1222 (512) 349-0835 PI: Dr. Keith Jamison (512) 349-0835 Contract #: |
OHIO UNIVERSITY
Research & Sponsored Programs,, Research & Technology Ctr. 1 Athens, OH 45701-2979 (740) 593-9813 ID#: B033-0024 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: Amorphous Nitride Films as Improved Optical Coatings | |
| Abstract: Amorphous wide bandgap semiconductors are a promising system upon which to base optical coatings. Due to their ruggedness, excellent adhesion, smoothness and the ability to tailor the thermal expansion coefficient and index of refraction by changing the group III material, these materials should make excellent coating for beryllium optics. In this STTR program Nanohmics, along with their University partner, Ohio University, proposes to produce high quality optical coatings from sputtered amorphous nitride material. In Phase I wide bandgap nitride semiconductor amorphous films deposited on beryllium will be examined to demonstrate that this material can be used as high quality, adherent and smooth reflective coatings. Thermal conductivity and index of refraction measurements will also be made on as deposited films. Phase II will apply these coatings to a commercial product and develop a commercial grade process to coat the optical material. Development of a commercial amorphous nitride coating process will not only improve the manufacturability and quality of beryllium based optics but will improve the quality of more standard optical components by developing a new and improved coating technology for these materials. | |
| NAVSYS CORPORATION
14960 Woodcarver Road Colorado Springs, CO 80921 (719) 481-4877 PI: Dr. Alison K. Brown (719) 481-4877 Contract #: |
RUTGERS UNIVERSITY
623 Bowser Road Piscataway, NJ 08854 (732) 445-3219 ID#: B033-0036 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-006 Selected for Award |
| Title: Inertial Compensated Crystal Oscillator for High A/J UTC GPS/Inertial Operation | |
| Abstract: Under previous research efforts, we have developed a high A/J UTC approach, termed FCTRACK, which optimally processes all of the signal codes broadcast by the GPS satellites. Since all of the codes broadcast by the same satellite are coherent in phase, this approach allows the combined signal power of all of the GPS codes to be leveraged for anti-jam protection. By applying data-aiding, it is also possible to extend the coherent integration interval beyond the 20 msec data bit period, which allows J/S levels approaching 100 dB to be theoretically possible. Our previous research has shown that to achieve these high A/J protection levels, both the inertial and the clock phase prediction error must be kept small during the integration period. Under this proposed SBIR effort we plan to develop an Inertial Compensated Crystal Oscillator (ICXO) that will allow the clock phase variations to be predicted and compensated within the UTC processing. This will allow the UTC coherent integration period to be extended further improving the A/J protection possible using ultra-tightly-coupled GPS/inertial systems. Under Phase I, we will develop a design for the ICXO and evaluate its performance in a UTC solution using generic missile and target models to be provided. This effort will demonstrate by simulation that the design technique provides significant anti-jam immunity and robustness to vehicle dynamics. Under the Phase II effort, we will integrate and test the ICXO with our GPS/INS UTC test-bed. The Phase II and III effort on this SBIR is visualized to produce perhaps the highest anti-jam GPS receiver built to date, yet the design allows for this to be built at a very low marginal cost relative to existing or future GPS receivers. It is proposed to apply this technology first to Cruise Missiles, low flying UAV's, air to ground weapons and other platforms that must approach close to jammers or must linger over the battle space. Any military application that requires anti-jam immunity and robustness to vehicle dynamics will benefit from this development. | |
| OGDEN ENGINEERING & ASSOCIATES, LLC
8180 N. Placita Sur Oeste Tucson, AZ 85741-1112 (520) 579-2042 PI: Dr. Gregory E. Ogden (520) 579-2042 Contract #: |
UNIV. CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO CAMPUS
9500 Gilman Drive, 0934 La Jolla, CA 92093-0934 (858) 534-0240 ID#: B033-0020 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: Fundamental Modeling and Analysis for Thermal Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide | |
| Abstract: The goals of Phase I including developing a fundamental model that describes H2O2 decomposition, design strategies for developing a thermal decomposer, and an assessment of the feasibility of these strategies. Key to development of a thermal decomposer is a predictive model that prevents device burnout and peroxide detonation over a range of flow rates. The Technical objectives for developing a fundamental model of hydrogen peroxide decomposition include development of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models of decomposition and vaporization of concentrated hydrogen peroxide, obtain experimental measurements of decomposition rates at high temperature and pressure for input to and verification of the CFD models, and to identify device design strategies that provide for sustained thermal decomposition under variable flow rate conditions. The CFD codes and design strategies can be used to resolve materials handling and operating issues relating to peroxide decomposition in current defense applications including MDA's airborne Laser (ABL) and Aerojet's ARRE engine development programs. The tools developed under Phase I could also be used as preventive maintenance tools to avoid costly or catastrophic damage on critical parts and to maintain availability/readiness of these systems. Improved ability to monitor peroxide concentration and schedule critical maintenance activities for critical thermal decomposer system components therebye enhancing readiness and reliability of various missile defense systems including the ABL. The project will also provide a fundamental understanding of peroxide thermal decomposition that will be usefull in resolving detonation issues related to the ARRE. In addition to these specific projects, development of CFD models to describe behavior of thermal decomposition of hydrogen peroxide would be beneficial to development of next generation peroxide stabilizers and DoD and civilian propulsion systems. | |
| ORBITAL RESEARCH INC
673G, Alpha Drive Cleveland, OH 44143-4120 (440) 449-5785 PI: Dr. Richard Kolacinski (440) 449-5785 Contract #: |
OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
205 Dreese Lab, 2015 Neil Ave Columbus, OH 43210 (614) 292-5785 ID#: B033-0068 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-006 Selected for Award |
| Title: A Novel, Biologically Inspired Integrative Architecture for Ultra Tightly Coupled GPS/INS | |
| Abstract: Orbital Research Inc. (ORI) working teaming with The Ohio State University (OSU) propose the development of a novel integrative architecture for ultra tight coupling of GPS/INS. Ultra tight coupled GPS/INS offer the potential to improve jamming tolerance of future guided munitions resulting in improved accuracy and performance. One of the challenges of ultra tight coupled GPS/INS is the inherent nonlinearity of the filtering problem. Traditional filter design methods are not well suited to systems like GPS/INS with these nonlinearties because the large number of inputs increase computational burdens beyond the reach of low-cost embedded systems. To address these shortfalls, ORI and OSU propose a computationally efficient stochastic filtering approach based on a biologically systems which integrate large streams of data from diverse sources into a coherent, meaningful image at high speeds and precision. During the Phase I program, ORI and OSU shall demonstrate the feasibility of this novel biologically inspired approach to ultra tight coupled GPS/INS in simulation and compare results to existing techniques. During the Phase II program, the ORI team will implement the ultra tight coupled architecture on actual hardware systems to validate the performance of the biologically inspired stochastic filtering first in the laboratory, then in a realistic operational environment bringing the resulting technology to a Technology Readiness Level of 7 at the conclusion of the Phase II. GPS devices augmented with a tightly coupled IMU can be used in a number of different applications for both military and civilian uses all of which have significant market potential. These markets will be investigated and probed by Orbital Research Inc., to determine which ones are most potentially lucrative and likely to result from work supported in this SBIR program. | |
| PEGASUS TECHNICAL SERVICES, INC.
10901 Reed Hartman Highway, Suit # 203 Cincinnati, OH 45242 (513) 793-0094 PI: Dr. Madan G. Parvatiyar (513) 793-0094 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA IN HUNTSVILLE
Dept. of mechanical and, Aerospace Engineering Huntsville, AL 35899 (256) 824-7201 ID#: B033-0055 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: Hydrodynamic Instability Induced Non-Catalytic Thermal Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide solutions | |
| Abstract: It is proposed that the thermal decomposition of highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide solutions (HTP) can be facilitated by the introduction of hydrodynamic instability in the hydrogen peroxide solution. Instability in the hydrogen peroxide solution can be accomplished by bubbling argon gas through the hydrogen peroxide solution. Flow of gas bubbles through the hydrogen peroxide solution will set agitation and thereby cause a dissipation of kinetic energy per unit mass of the fluid. This dissipation of turbulent energy will provide sufficient heat for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The dissipation rate of enrgy will depend on the bubble flow rate through the fluid medium. In order to acieve a further increase in dissipation energy in the fluid, sound wave frequency (20KHz) will be applied to the fluid and in the presence of bubbles. Due to cavitation effect and disintegration of bubbles, there will be an enhancement of energy dissipation rate in the hydrogen peroxide solution. The purpose is to show the feasibility of decomposing hydrogen peroxide solutions both by theoretical analysis and by conducting experimentations. Upon sucessful completion of the Phase-I project, a prototype decomposer will be designed, which can be used in conjunction with a rocket motor for its final performance evaluation. Hydrodynamic instability induced non-catalytic thermal decomposition will allow its use for its simplicity in safe handling and better control over the traditional catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide processes. The lower operating cost due to the elimination of metal catalysts and the ease with safer handling with control activation, will attract wider uses of HTP for its commercial as well as military applications. | |
| PHASE IV SYSTEMS, INC.
3405 Triana Boulevard Huntsville, AL 35805 (256) 535-2109 PI: Dr. Daniel E. Lawrence (256) 535-2142 Contract #: |
AUBURN UNIVERSITY
Department of Mechanical Eng Auburn University, AL 36849-5341 (334) 844-3446 ID#: B033-0043 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-006 Selected for Award |
| Title: Ultra Tight Coupling for High Anti-Jam GPS/INS | |
| Abstract: In this proposal, a novel ultra-tight GPS/INS coupling concept is introduced using adaptive higher-order GPS carrier tracking loops, providing increased jamming immunity and robust tracking during high vehicle dynamics. The proposed adaptive ultra-tight concept has two salient features: (1) INS enabling and control of the higher-order loop filter coefficients, and (2) interaction of the NCO control signal with the INS sensors. The INS data is used to control the loop filter coefficients such that the phase lock loop (PLL) maintains lock on the GPS carrier signal when high dynamics are encountered. The coefficients are adjusted in such a way that the loop order is increased as higher dynamics are detected in the INS. This is done without increasing the bandwidth of the closed-loop response, thus maintaining high jamming immunity. The second feature is the interaction of the control signal with the INS. When the GPS carrier loop is phase-locked, the control signal provides a velocity measurement, which is used to calibrate the INS sensors. Conversely, should the PLL lose lock, the INS provides frequency correction to the loop via the NCO control signal similar to the traditional ultra-tight approach. A successful demonstration of the adaptive ultra-tight GPS/INS coupling algorithm, as directed in this proposal, would have major benefits to missile navigation systems by providing increased jamming immunity and robust tracking during high vehicle dynamics. The proposed algorithm can be implemented in other guided vehicles operating in hostile environments such as drone aircraft and helicopters. The narrow bandwidth providing jamming immunity also reduces unwanted interference from other communication devices that operate in the same band as GPS. This will enhance the ability of GPS receivers operating on any moving platform, such as automobiles, commercial aircraft, and marine crafts, to maintain GPS lock in the presence of interfering signals. | |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810-1077 (978) 689-0003 PI: Dr. Shawn D. Wehe (978) 689-0003 Contract #: |
OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
Dept. of Mech. Engineering Columbus, OH 43210 (614) 292-2411 ID#: B033-0052 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-004 Selected for Award |
| Title: Advanced Chemical Iodine Lasers | |
| Abstract: The team of Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) and Ohio State University (OSU) proposes to develop and test a novel method for electrical production of singlet molecular oxygen for application to an atomic iodine transfer laser. OSU has developed a supersonic, low pressure discharge and applied it to flows of nitrogen with efficient excitation of the gas. They propose to use this method that tailors the electron energy to match modeling predictions for efficient pumping of the singlet delta state of molecular oxygen. This is the energy carrying species in chemical oxygen iodine lasers. PSI will develop and apply novel and sensitive diagnostics to quantitatively characterize the OSU flow system. These diagnostics will include both absolute chemiluminescence photometry and ultra sensitive diode laser absorption measurements. The Phase I goal is to demonstrate that the low pressure discharge method is a viable candidate for an efficient, electrically-pumped COIL system. This laser system would be developed and demonstrated in Phase II. Successful completion of the proposed SBIR program will result in a new COIL system that would have numerous applications for both the military and commercial sectors. Some of these applications include: tactical directed energy weapons and laser welding and machining. The potential advantages of an electrically-pumped COIL compared to a chemically driven COIL are significant for these applications. The electrical system also has the potential for recylable operation. | |
| POWDERMET INC.
9960 Glenoaks Blvd, Unit A Sun Valley, CA 91352 (216) 404-0053 PI: Mr. Dean Baker (818) 768-6420 Contract #: |
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
63 Clarke Street Rm 2-502 Evanston, IL 60208 (847) 467-3283 ID#: B033-0062 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: Develop and/or Improve Optical Coating Processes for Military Mirrors | |
| Abstract: This Phase I STTR program combines the expertise of Northwestern University in Mirror finishing techniques and Powdertmet Inc in materials manufacture and creation. The phase I program will investigate different techniques in reducing the overall cost and improving manufaturability of DoD required mirrors. Specifically addressing the needs of the EKV program. Successful completion of this program will enable space mirrors for DOD to be manufactured quickly and efficiently. Mirror manufacture and high stiffness materials will benefit many industries- aerospace, auto and general US manufacturing. | |
| PULSEMETRICS, LLC
3911 Ash Drive Allison Park, PA 15101 (262) 574-7549 PI: Dr. Santosh Ananthraman (412) 656-5776 Contract #: |
CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY
5000 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15213 (412) 268-5835 ID#: B033-0015 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: Data Driven Prognostics | |
| Abstract: The Airborne Laser (ABL) weapon system is one key part of a Department of Defense (DoD) approach to defending against ballistic missiles. The ABL is interested in developing a prognostic system that is able to provide an accurate picture of faults, component degradation, and predictive indicators of failures that will allow the operators to take preventive maintenance actions to avoid costly or catastrophic damage on critical parts and to maintain availability and readiness rates for the system. The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of addressing this problem using related past experience and a modular system developed by PulseMetrics as the general framework, and building on the technical expertise of the Principal Investigators from PulseMetrics and Carnegie Mellon University in the areas of dynamical systems analysis, statistical techniques, signal processing and intelligent systems, to develop technology that will enable better health monitoring and life prediction for the ABL weapon system's critical components. There is an acute need for the development of a data driven prognostic system that provides advanced warning of failure, fault, and other error events in the context of the ABL system. In general, the ability to predict machine/equipment events has significant commercial potential in industrial applications where such capability would allow companies to improve reliability and safety, reduce downtime, and lower the direct maintenance cost of physical assets. There is also potential use of this technology for pro-active, pre-emptive process intervention and course correction for operational and regulatory applications that support the re-vamping of industries such as the worldwide capital and energy markets. | |
| SIERRA ENGINEERING, INC. FORMERLY JOHNSON ROC
603 East Robinson Street, Suite 7 Carson City, NV 89701-4046 (775) 885-8483 PI: Mr. Curtis Johnson (775) 885-0139 Contract #: |
JAMES L. BATES
330 Thomas Boyd Hall, Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (225) 578-3386 ID#: B033-0032 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: Thermal Decomposer for Peroxide | |
| Abstract: Sierra Engineering Inc. (Sierra) proposes to perform the fundamental research necessary to understand the thermal decomposition kinetics of High Test Peroxide (HTP) and its interactions with common stabilizers, in order to produce a practical thermal decomposer. The utilization of HTP as rocket propellant can be greatly simplified by using a thermal decomposer rather than a catalyst bed for decomposition. Catalyst beds are efficient for decomposing peroxide, but are subject to fouling by stabilizers and inhibitors. Since stabilizers and inhibitors must be used to prevent long-term thermal decomposition at ambient temperatures, purposeful thermal decomposition must be carefully controlled, i.e. thermal stability is needed at ambient temperature and complete decomposition is required at high temperature. Fundamental knowledge of decomposition kinetics must be developed to expedite decomposer design. A thermodynamic analysis of self-reactivity and a reaction kinetics model for thermally decomposing HTP, and stability and inhibitor modifications thereof, will be made. Conceptual design of a practical thermal decomposer will also be accomplished during the Phase I investigation. The Phase II effort would provide validation of the hypothesized decomposition mechanism, a definitive design of a thermal decomposer, and a demonstration of its performance. The innovation is elimination of the catalyst bed in HTP devices including rocket engines and chemical lasers. Eliminating the life-limiting catalyst bed reduces the system weight and cost, and allows the concentration of stabilizers and/or corrosion inhibitors to be increased, enhancing the handling safety of HTP. Furthermore, the detailed understanding of HTP decomposition chemistry developed during this investigation would allow more creative, safe, and efficient designs of HTP combustion devices. The final product of this investigation shall be a prototype of a thermal decomposer for HTP. | |
| STAR SOFTWARE SYSTEMS CORPORATION
PO Box 1987 Warner Robins, GA 31099-1987 (478) 328-7460 PI: Dr. Ryan Benton (478) 328-7460 Contract #: |
UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA, LAFAYETTE
104 University Circle Lafayette, LA 70503 (337) 482-6203 ID#: B033-0009 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: Data Driven Prognostics | |
| Abstract: Maintenance prognostics is concerned with the prediction of an abnormal operation (fault) within a system's component. The fault can be due to a breakdown of a part within the component, lack of syncronization internally or with other components, and so forth. Furthermore, being notified that a failure will occur when it is too late to prevent the failure is generally not of value. Thus, a prognosis system should be capable of predicting that a fault will occur, identifying the fault type and forecasting when the fault will occur. In this proposal, we seek to determine if neural network-based prognostics methods can be constructed for a component of the Airborne Laser System, which will utilize only information currently provided by the component. In particular, we seek wish to determine if a fault will occur and the type of the fault, well in advance of the actual fault. During this investigation, we will attempt to produce meaningful rules from the neural networks, to assist in the validation of neural network-based prognostics methods. Based upon the results of this study, we will recommend both prognostic methods and a framework for a prognostic system capable of monitoring the Airborne Laser System in real-time. The key benefit of this research is the utilization of general learning methods that produce interpretable rules for the purpose of prognostics. These methods can form the heart of a prognostics system, which can be configured to handle various types of data, with little expert knowledge required. This capability should be beneficial to a wide range of customers of which two will be briefly mentioned. First, the ability to detect problems well in advance of serious consequences is invaluable. For instance, knowing that a weapon system is showing signs of breakage in advance would permit repair or replacement. Or, for manufacturers, knowing a vital piece of equipment will cause a large stoppage in the near future, if a less time consuming maintenance doesn't take place, saves money. Second, the ability to validate the rules used by the prognostics system can be a large advantage. For instance, the users of the prognostics system can check to ensure the rules generated make sense. Second, the rules can indicate which data sources are of utility, when they are useful, and in which combinations they are educational. This latter information can lead to better choices of the types of data to acquire. | |
| SYSENSE CORPORATION
3660 West Temple Avenue, Suite 2200 Pomona, CA 91768 (909) 869-3278 PI: Dr. Walton R. Williamson (909) 869-3278 Contract #: |
UCLA
34-139 Engineering 4, UCLA Los Angeles, CA 90095 (310) 206-4451 ID#: B033-0066 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-006 Selected for Award |
| Title: Ultra Tight Coupling for High Anti-Jam GPS/INS | |
| Abstract: SySense is developing a fault tolerant implementation of an ultra-tight GPS/INS system for use in missile defense. The major advance to the theory is the implementation of the Fault Tolerant Estimator to provide high integrity and continuity to the ultra tight structure. In addition, the system will utiliize the missile dynamic structure within the estimation process to enhance continuity during operation. This technology will be applicable to other areas of navigation as well as missile defense. Other areas include the application to real time aircraft landing, formation flight, and autonomous aerial refueling. | |
| TECHNO-SCIENCES, INC.
10001 Derekwood Lane, Suite 204 Lanham, MD 20706 (301) 577-6000 PI: Dr. Carole Teolis (301) 577-6000 Contract #: |
ASOK RAY, PH.D., P.E.
Mechanical Engineering Dept, Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802 (814) 865-6377 ID#: B033-0025 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: Data Driven Prognostics | |
| Abstract: In this SBIR Project we will develop and demonstrate novel general algorithms for anomaly detection in complex systems. Component wear in electrical and mechanical system components causes degradation that occurs on a slow time scale with respect to the observed system behavior and is evident in very small magnitude changes to system behavior long before a component's eventual failure. An objective of the proposed research is to detect the precursors to slowly approaching failures in order that the remaining life of critical components can be accurately predicted at an early stage. We propose a novel approach for anomaly detection in complex systems using the tools of computational dynamics and pattern discovery. The predictive algorithms will be tested on a subsystem of the Airborne Laser. New advances in sensor technology, failure analysis techniques, system predictive modeling, data fusion and automated reasoning algorithms are beginning to make it possible for these predictive technologies to be developed into a complete Prognostic Health Monitoring system. These same core technologies could be harnessed for almost any type of equipment. As a result of the development of predictive maintenance technologies, we could witness an incredible revolution in the way large multi-unit electromechanical systems, such as ships; aircraft or even power plants are maintained. | |
| THE TECHNOLOGY PARTNERSHIP
8030 Coventry Grosse Ile, MI 48138-1119 (734) 675-8295 PI: Mr. David Bettinger (734) 675-8295 Contract #: |
UDRI
300 College Park Dayton, OH 45469-0110 (937) 229-2528 ID#: B033-0022 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-004 Selected for Award |
| Title: Fluidized Bed Reactor for SOG | |
| Abstract: Most SOG processes for the COIL exceed the carrying capacity of the ABL airframe. The key to SOG weight savings is to recycle and recharge an exchange media after each laser discharge. A recharge process reduces the weight of the exchange media by 80% compared to loading charged BHP media for an entire flight. All SOG recharging excites the oxygen by energy radiation. This work will develop fluidized bed reactors that will agitate and irradiate dry particulate media to speed the transfer and exchange of energy. These dry, gas phase reactions will require no chlorine. Reactor volume and power usage will increase. For some SOG processes two reactors will be required. For others the potential exists to combine recharge and release in one reactor at the laser. Phase I will identify ideal exchange media attributes, model energy transfer, and estimate SOG performance improvement rates for changes in energy density, media, and agitation. Phase I will also develop, assemble, and demonstration a bench scale lighted fluidized bed. Phase II will develop a full scale SOG reactor capable of recycle rates faster than BHP reloads at half the weight for preflight tests. The primary commercial market will likely be for use in materials cutting and machining industries. Commercial applications for high volume singlet oxygen production includes municipal water treatment, pulp and paper, and the chemical process industries. The processes will be attractive because yields may be easily controlled by adjusting flow, contract area, and energy density. | |
| THOT, LTD
P O Box 340836 Beavercreek, OH 45434-0836 (937) 838-0226 PI: Dr. Maher Amer (937) 775-5095 Contract #: |
WRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY
3640 Colonel Glenn HWY Dayton, OH 45435 (937) 775-5095 ID#: B033-0030 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-002 Selected for Award |
| Title: Infrared materials modeling for next generation focal plane architectures | |
| Abstract: HgCdTe devices have continued to be one of the most important types of infrared detectors for the past few decades. One of the superior properties of HgCdTe sensors is their wide detection ability. They are capable of detection in the medium wavelength infrared (3 - 5 mm MWIR) and in the long wavelength infrared (8 - 14 mm) as well. The utilization of the next generation of infrared focal plane arrays (IRFPAs) based upon integrated monolithic multi-color Mercury Cadmium Telluride HgCdTe devices necessitates addressing and solving significant issues regarding, pixel-to-pixel variation in surface conditions and associated performance degradation, repeatable manufacturability and improved process yield. The proposed work aims to develop a new process monitoring capability that will not only enable more repeatable processing of single and multi-color HgCdTe IRFPAs, but a breakthrough-capability to repair surface and near-surface causes of degraded pixel operability. This can be achieved via focusing on the assessment of surface conditions (roughness, domain orientation, stoichiometry or composition and stress) and associating these conditions with performance degradation in the device. In addition to DOD-MDA sensing applications, the outcomes of the proposed work will have significant applications in the fields of medical imaging, weather studies, and generally in situ process sensingcapabilities for Materials processing. | |
| UES, INC.
4401 Dayton-Xenia Road Dayton, OH 45432-1894 (937) 426-6900 PI: Dr. Rabi S. Bhattacharya (937) 426-6900 Contract #: |
BATTELLE PACIFIC NORTHWEST NAT LAB
902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999 Richland, WA 99352 (509) 376-0374 ID#: B033-0010 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: Development of an Improved Coating Process for Military Mirrors | |
| Abstract: The objective of this proposal is to develop an improved coating process for beryllium mirrors for military applications. The beryllium mirrors require precision optical coatings for high reflectivity at desired wavelengths and environmental protection. The proposed work combines the coating development expertise and experience of UES and Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratories (PNNL). The coating requirements for beryllium mirrors for military applications will be identified and the deposition/process equipment necessary for the development of desired coatings will be defined. The improved coating process is likely to be based on a combination of sputter deposition and electron beam evaporation with ion assistance. The coatings will be based on a metal coating and multilayer of high and low refractive index materials. The appropriate materials will be selected from the database of PNNL using computer simulation. The coated mirrors will be tested for optical performance and environmental durability. The major benefit of this new coating process and coating materials will be improved adhesion, and elimination of problems resulting from the current process such as run-to-run variability, and lack of process control, thus saving cost of remediation. In addition to space-bound surveillance system for the military, the beryllium optics is useful for making components like mirrors, telescope metering structures, spectrometers, sensors, and subsystems for laser altimetry, remote sensing, environmental monitoring, guidance and astronomy. | |
| WILLIAMS-PYRO,INC.
200 Greenleaf St. Fort Worth, TX 76107 (817) 872-1500 PI: Mr. Tony Chang (817) 872-1500 Contract #: |
OAKLAND UNIVERSITY
Oakland University Rochester, MI 48309-4401 (248) 370-2243 ID#: B033-0042 Agency: MDA Topic#: 03-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: Data Driven Prognostics | |
| Abstract: To better interpret the complex and high-speed data in guidance, targeting, or control systems, we propose an algorithm that can dynamically analyze the spatial/temporal error patterns to determine the data error. Our goals for data driven prognostics are very specific: (1) develop a genetic algorithm as the building block of the prognostic library, (2) implement a wavelet neural network, (3) use FPGAs to demonstrate concept validity, (4) simulate ASIC design. Once the FPGA design is completely verified and the WNN performs as expected, we can translate the FPGA design into ASIC design if desired. If ASIC is determined to be the best fit for selected applications, we will be able to create a dedicated ASIC design, and this design will be thoroughly simulated but not fabricated in Phase I due to time and cost constraints. Based on guidance from the MDA, in Phase II a complete ASIC module can be fabricated and tested. For Phase I, Williams-Pyro intends to focus on one subsystem for proof of concept: optical tracking and video targeting system. Because of the sensitive nature and availability of the data, in Phase I design and testing, we will simulate video data with commercial digital video camera recordings. The initial market for the proposed high data rate system prognostics system comprises new ships and aircraft, as the data-driven prognostics tool must be built into systems of the vehicles and is not appropriate for retrofitting. Although the algorithm developed during Phase I can potentially be developed into products useful in a variety of applications, such as condition-based maintenance of manufacturing equipment and vehicles, the initial targets-new ships and aircraft-will be the focus of our marketing efforts for the first few years. These vehicles have multiple high data rate systems that would benefit from the speed of data processing and interpretation, and WPI's relationship with companies such as Bath Ironworks, Lockheed Martin, and Boeing will be useful in developing a product suited to these targets and in marketing the prognostics integrated circuit (IC) for implementation in new ships and aircraft. Preliminary research indicates that the initial market of new aircraft and ships is promising, with extensive market potential: from $6.06 million in 2006 to $531.002 million in 2010. | |
| ADVANCED CERAMICS RESEARCH, INC.
3292 E. Hemisphere Loop Tucson, AZ 85706-5013 (520) 573-6300 PI: Dr. Ranji Vaidyanathan (520) 434-6392 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0295 |
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
P. O. Box 210012 Tucson, AZ 85721 (520) 621-3513 ID#: N033-0297 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-022 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: A novel micro-channel heat exchanger for high heat flux electronics | |
| Abstract: In this Phase I STTR program, a team consisting of Advanced Ceramics Research Inc. (ACR) and the University of Arizona (UA) propose to develop and optimize a novel, low-cost, integrated micro-channel heat exchanger system for high power electronic applications. In radar and other applications involving power electronics, thermal dissipation from the electronics approach levels as high as 1000 W/cm2. In the proposed work, ACR and UA will use their patented extrusion freeform fabrication (EFF) rapid prototyping technology to fabricate micro-channel heat exchangers with optimized channel sizes to dissipate up to 1000 W/cm2 under two-phase (boiling) flow conditions. UA will test and analytically model the milli-and micro-channel heat exchangers in two-phase (boiling) flow in order to assess the overall heat transfer coefficient of candidate geometries of heat exchangers and optimize their configuration to obtain thermal dissipation approaching levels as high as 1000 W/cm2 and demonstrate that the maximum temperature will rise to less than 125øF at the junction level. This can then be used in both passive and actively pumped cooling systems. Improved cooling techniques are required for reliable electronics with current trends toward increased packaging densities and higher power levels for applications such as aircraft avionics, electric power systems, radar and weapon systems. | |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
6 New England Executive Park Burlington, MA 01803-5012 (781) 273-3388 PI: Mr. Dale Klamer (858) 812-2994 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0314 |
SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY
113 Bowne Hall Syracuse, NY 13244-1200 (315) 443-9360 ID#: N033-0265 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-012 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Large N ASW False Alarm Reduction | |
| Abstract: The Large N ASW problem can be summarized as pervasive short-range sensors with limited communication capabilities. The driving questions are how are false alarms controlled-not necessarily from an individual sensor node, but from the overall field-performance of individual sensor nodes, the amount of information and frequency of communication. From its inception, distributed detection has produced surprising results such as the fact that detector thresholds for local decisions are coupled together. Most systems optimize the detection performance of a single node, and then replicate the node-unaware of the distributed detection result that for optimal system performance, the decision thresholds should be coupled. We propose to apply distributed detection theory to the problem of Large N ASW for the purpose of reducing false alarms. Many new problems must be addressed, including a target transiting through the sensor field that is detectable by only a few-if any-sensors at a time, the dynamic formation of ad hoc networks as the target is sequentially detected through the sensor field, and the impact of the communication capability on local and field level performance. We will apply and develop results in distributed detection theory that directly addresses these Large N ASW problems. Pervasive sensor networks for monitoring and surveillance are becoming more popular as concerns against threats and terrorism increase. The typical concern for automated detection systems is the control of false alarms, causing the system to be deemed unreliable if the false alarm rate is too high. Our anticipated results directly address this problem of false alarm reduction. We also believe that our results will be directly applicable to medium size networks as well as the original problem of large size networks. | |
| ALTEX TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
650 Nuttman Road, Suite 114 Santa Clara, CA 95054 (408) 982-2302 PI: Dr. Mehdi Namazian (408) 982-2303 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0336 |
THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY
209 Academic Projects Building, The Pennsylvania State Unive University Park, PA 16802 (814) 863-4466 ID#: N033-0155 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-006 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Logistic Fuel Sulfur Removal System for Shipboard Fuel Cell Applications | |
| Abstract: Future shipboard operations can beneficially use fuel cells operating on logistic fuels. However, these fuels have a high level of sulfur that needs to be removed before they can be used as a feedstock for fuel cell systems. Altex, a small business entity, and Pennsylvania State University (PSU), a research organization, have teamed up under this STTR program to develop the innovative Logistic Fuel Sulfur Removal (LFSR) system. LFSR removes the fuel sulfur without detrimental impact on the fuel properties and disposes the sulfur compounds into the seawater in an environmentally safe manner. Under the Phase I effort, analysis and testing will be used to demonstrate the feasibility of the LFSR for processing 500 BBL/day of Navy logistics fuel. These activities will provide the basis for demonstrating and delivering a prototype LFSR system in the Phase II effort. LFSR is scaleable and can be applied to several military and commercial applications. These applications include, military and commercial marine applications, military and commercial transportation, power generation for remote stations, and distributed power generation. These are large markets that are currently limited by distillate fuel sulfur issues. LFSR will eliminate this barrier and allow penetration of these power generation markets. Considering all of these applications, LFSR could ultimately capture over a billion dollars market. | |
| ANTHROTRONIX, INC.
387 Technology Drive College Park, MD 20742 (301) 405-0156 PI: Dr. Corinna Lathan (301) 405-0156 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0265 |
GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
Office of Research Services, 2121 I St., NW, Suite 601 Washington, DC 20052 (202) 994-6255 ID#: N033-0148 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-005 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Haptic Rendering of Virtual Stimuli for Fully Immersive Virtual Reality Training Systems | |
| Abstract: The lack of physical feedback in immersive virtual environments makes it difficult to provide an accurate simulation for training close-quarters battle (CQB) skills. Environments require a soldier to come into contact either directly or indirectly with many different types of objects and with potential multiple body parts. Sometimes contact could be initiated by someone else. A simulator for CQB training requires the use of scalable, mobile, and deployable haptic feedback. Phase I will be the design and development of a proof of concept full-body, haptic feedback system to determine the feasibility of various techniques we will employ, and measuring goodness through laboratory testing. Phase II will use the outcomes of Phase I to engineer a product prototype. Phase III will move the Phase II prototype into the product development stage. The specific goals of this system are to determine the feasibility and usefulness of a full-body, haptic feedback system based around the George Washington University developed TactaBoard system. The current TactaBoard system has 16 outputs, is approximately the size of a palmtop computer, and can be controlled through wireless communications. Our proposed effort can be divided into three main areas of work. 1. Extending the TactaBoard system, 2. Extending the TactaVest design, and 3. Basic and In-Depth Usability Studies The proposed system is applicable to other military applications as well as to the commercial computer gaming and entertainment industries. A modified version of our system, coupled with a GPS system in a vehicle, could be used in a route-following application to alert drivers when it is time to make a turn. In other situations, a GPS transponder could be used to guide a person through a building where verbal communication is not possible and vibrotactile feedback could provide the same information using a nonverbal channel. The company believes the potential commercial non-military markets for products using this technology are the medical, aviation, maritime, gaming and entertainment industries, as well as state and local governments | |
| ARCHITECTURE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION
9971 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344 (952) 829-5864 PI: Mr. Sid S. Takkella (952) 829-5864 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0337 |
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
Sponsored Projects Administrat, 200 Oak Street SE, Suite 450 Minneapolis, MN 55455-2070 (612) 624-5599 ID#: N033-0107 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-009 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Multiple-security Multimedia Collaboration Environment (MMCE) | |
| Abstract: Traditionally, the security policy between multi-level and coalition activities was implemented by a combination of automated guards and proper human directives about what should be produced for dissemination and by the use of human downgraders for manually checking information flows. However, such traditional solutions do not support the needs of collaborative multimedia applications that will dominate the battlefield environment of tomorrow. The inherent characteristics of media flows and the requirements of multimedia applications render the current guard technology inapplicable. This Phase I STTR proposal addresses this issue using an innovative concept, called MMCE, that represents a new way of thinking about the idea of multiple security level communication in the context of multimedia collaboration. In Phase I, a detailed design of MMCE architecture will be produced along with its analytical evaluation and feasibility study. Building upon the MMCE design produced in Phase I, Phase II will develop a complete prototype and conduct experimentation and analysis on it. Information security and information sharing while being crucial have also been, unfortunately, conflicting requirements. Till now, choosing one will automatically eliminate the other (reduce its effectiveness to the point of being irrelevant). The proposed research will address this critical need of the defense and industry to be able to address both these crucial requirements. Successful implementation of MMCE architecture will enable effective protection of sensitive information at different security levels while allowing for secured information sharing. | |
| ARETE ASSOCIATES
P.O. Box 6024 Sherman Oaks, CA 91413 (703) 413-0290 PI: Dr. John Dugan (703) 413-0290 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0319 |
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
104 Ocean Admin Bldg Corvallis, OR 97331-5503 (541) 737-2914 ID#: N033-0034 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-018 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Advanced EO sensor for multi-mission USN/USMC UAVs | |
| Abstract: The program objective is to develop and evaluate a prototype spectral polarimeter that could be used as an ISR sensor package on organic UAVs. The sensor employs advanced, visible-band technology to support littoral-zone warfare mission products, such as oceanographic characterization in VSW, including the surf; detection and characterization of stealthy or intrinsically low-contrast targets such as submerged mines; and accurate geo-location of these products, all from tactically relevant standoff ranges. The commercial ariborne survey industry needs advanced sensor packages to support improved performance (response times, accuracy, coverage rates, discrimination, etc.) for numerous emergency situations, such as forest-fire mapping (U.S. Forest Service), oil-slick tracking and coastal storm damage mapping (FEMA, NOAA), and search and rescue operations (USCG). | |
| ASIER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION
5068 West Plano Parkway, Suite 336 Plano, TX 75093-4408 (972) 738-8576 PI: Mr. Kevin Henson (972) 738-8579 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0334 |
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS
Dept. of Computer Science, EC31 Richardson, TX 75083-0688 (972) 883-2452 ID#: N033-0279 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-009 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Mobile Collaboration in Multi-Security Level Domains | |
| Abstract: Asier will provide a collaboration tool with 2-way text messaging, file and image transfer, and limited voice capability over a secure, low-bandwidth connection. The Navy will benefit from wireless communication tools that act like a hybrid between e-mail and real time chat, storing messages, still images and video clips with an easy-to-use retrieval method. A new collaboration suite can be developed and fielded to operate on existing networks (with very limited bandwidth and intermittent connections) while simultaneously supporting multiple security levels. Asier's feasibility study proposes to provide in-line compression of text to accommodate low-bandwidth factor, provide embedded Asier multilevel encryption software to protect information transmitted across different levels of security classification, and provide encryption key management system to accommodate multiple security domains. The feasibility study will evaluate product designs that will accommodate limited audio transmittals with the ability to send still images or video clips and include a journalizing file system that will store and send messages collected during times of interruption. Instant text messages can be time-coded so that all missed messages would be re-sent when the user reconnected. User interface designs will be simple to use and ranked against Navy objectives. The use of Instant Messaging (IM) is growing exponentially in many segments of our society. Teenagers use it to chat. Many corporations use it for internal, instant communications. Cell phones with IM capabilities are the latest rage. With the appearance lately of digital cameras on cell phones, still photos can also be instantly sent. Instant video conferencing on cell phones and PDAs will no doubt be a reality in the near future. While these technologies can be easily implemented to satisfy the teen-age user market (which in itself is a large market), serious issues such as band-width constraints and security must be addressed to satisfy commercial, government, or military users. The successful implementation of this technology will resolve those issues. Secure instant messaging with low-data-rate audio, as described in this proposal, is needed today by the Navy, the other branches of the military, and the US Government not far behind. While no market data is readily available, this technology will find many uses in the public safety, law enforcement, homeland defense and medical environments. Not surprisingly, all of these market opportunities are closely related and have needs very similar to the Navy's that cannot be addressed adequately with products currently available. Police officers, firemen and customs agents all have to work in environments where wide-band wireless connectivity is typically unavailable and the connectivity that is there (CDMA, TDMA cell phone) is prone to interruptions as these personnel move into and out of structures that block transmissions. The command and control issues in the public safety sector closely parallel those of the military establishment. These public safety applications need security that is superior to the currently available standards (WEP) but perhaps not as much as the Navy. Anticipating this need, Asier has developed a lower-security version of the multilevel encryption algorithm that could be used for commercial sales to non-DOD clients. Other commercial areas where this technology might be applicable are in medical and financial records. Under the new Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), the secure handling of sensitive personal information, whether medical or financial, will be required. Doctors are more and more beginning to use wireless devices to carry with them on their rounds, or to have ready access to a patient's records. Downloading patient information wirelessly will need to be encrypted. This will be especially important as telemedicine inevitably grows in response to market demands to control the rising cost of healthcare. To that end, Asier has on-going dialogue with several healthcare systems and system integrators regarding the use of Asier encryption to help protect their valuable data. Without further modification, this technology has potentially significant applications in public safety. Portable command-and-control stations, with wireless connectivity to first-responders in the event of an emergency, will require secure and instant communications. Many of the senior research staff and administration at UTD have strong ties to many of the world leaders in communications and information technology. Dr. Feng the head of the Graduate Research Program (and organizer of this effort) was formerly a VP with SAIC. UTD has the strong desire and connections to spin off and commercialize technologies developed with their assistance. Asier, with the assistance of the UTD commercialization expertise and resources, will develop comprehensive plans to address each of these potentially huge markets. | |
| ASTRON ANTENNA CO.
22560 Glenn Drive, Suite 114 Sterling, VA 20164 (703) 450-5517 PI: Mr. Joseph R. Jahoda (703) 450-5517 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0271 |
VIRGINIA TECH AND STATE UNIV.
621 Whittemore Hall Blacksburg, VA 24061 (540) 231-6834 ID#: N033-0094 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-019 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Advanced Anti-Jam GPS Antenna Design Concepts | |
| Abstract: The objective of the Advanced Anti-jam Design Techniques effort is to make a controlled Radiation Pattern Antenna (CRPA) have more elements without increasing the size, or make it the same antenna (i.e., same number of elements) smaller. The more radiating elements that are available in a CRPA design, the more response nulls can be directed towards jammers. The inherent design problem that needs to be overcome is that the Objective GPS antenna requires closer element spacing and as a result, traditional CRPA antenna performance suffers from the electromagnetic effects of close element spacing. The cause of the performance shortfall is excessive mutual coupling, which causes the nulling algorithms to hunt longer or settle more slowly on a solution. Also, traditional CRPA antennas have insufficient pattern slope, which adversely effect antenna gain in the desired directions of reception. This effort will result in smaller antennas that have enhanced beam-forming and null-steering capabilities. Although this performance is of particular benefit in military applications, to suppress jammer signals, the approach can also be used to suppress other noise sources and signal multi-path. Therefore these antennas are valuable to the private sector as well as to the military. | |
| BARRON ASSOCIATES, INC.
1160 Pepsi Place, Suite 300 Charlottesville, VA 22901 (434) 973-1215 PI: Dr. B. Eugene Parker, Jr. (434) 973-1215 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0324 |
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA
901 Sumter Street Columbia, SC 29208 (803) 777-4457 ID#: N033-0176 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-023 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Fast Protection of Shipboard Electrical Power Systems | |
| Abstract: The objective of the work proposed herein is to develop and demonstrate an approach for the fast protection of shipboard electrical power systems based on a novel high-speed relay (HSR) algorithm. The algorithm quickly and correctly detects and isolates faults, long before current levels reach thresholds required for protection by overcurrent relays. The HSR algorithm is ``tunable'''' for different applications contexts and will meet the solicitation design specifications, which include: (1) detecting the presence of electrical faults in less than 1 millisecond from application (bolted through high impedance) in grounded, medium voltage - 1,000 Volts AC (VAC) to 15,000 VAC - shipboard electric plants with high harmonic content, and (2) allowing coordinated identification of fault locations, in either ring or radial electric distribution systems, within a half cycle of fault application (8 milliseconds based on a 60 Hz system). The proposing team includes Barron Associates, a prime contractor with proven ability to develop and deliver fieldable HSR algorithms; the University of South Carolina, which has a sophisticated virtual testbed capability for simulating shipboard power systems; and General Dynamics Electric Boat Corporation, a shipbuilder bringing both knowledge and vision for potential medium voltage power distribution architectures for platforms such as DD(X) and CVN21. Since medium voltage is utilized on commercial ships, this technology can be directly applied to these designs to minimize fault propagation and collateral effects associated with a system fault. Also, in conjunction with Homeland Security, this technology can be implemented in medium voltage systems used in utility power systems, industrial sites, and buildings to minimize fault propagation and collateral effects of faults which, in the bigger picture, will help ensure the integrity of our nation''s power grid and the dependent infrastructure. | |
| CAL NOVA TECH, INC.
1251 Shamrock Ave. Monrovia, CA 91016 (626) 794-3884 PI: Dr. Louis Lian (626) 446-9356 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0339 |
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
3620 S. Vermont Ave., 224A Los Angeles, CA 90089-2531 (213) 740-6071 ID#: N033-0221 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-006 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: A Portable, Modular Process for Sulfur Removal and Disposal in Naval Fuel Cell System | |
| Abstract: The petroleum refining industry tends to utilize large sulfur removal units, which are permanently installed and unable to meet the demands of a versatile industry. Cal Nova Tech has developed a sulfur-removal concept that utilizes portable, modular components that can be quickly assembled in a variety of ways. These units are especially effective in confined areas, such as those found onboard Navy vessels. The entire unit consists of eight different reactors, some which are optional, and the process can be operated at ambient temperature and pressure. The main units can be operated in series (which achieves the best quality of the product) or in parallel (which allows the units to handle higher quantities). This unique concept can provide both a fast rate of conversion (minutes) and good selectivity to maintain fuel value (the hydrocarbons remain intact). With the refinement of the molecular imprinting method, it is anticipated that the resulting sulfur content will be measured in 50 parts per billion or less. For safety control, the waste effluence can be directly ejected into the ocean without being environmentally hazardous. The ease of installation, maintenance, and replacement of the components adds to the appeal of this new approach. The modular units will be able to accomplish desulfurization resulting in ultralow sulfur diesel and gasoline products. This technology could help meet the urgent, worldwide need for low sulfur-content energy resources and especially the stringent requirements for fuel cell systems. The self-regenerating units will also greatly reduce the cost, making it available to a variety of industries. Commercially, this technology can interface with refineries, or it can stand alone; it can be utilized in transportation terminals, storage depots, moving vessels, etc. | |
| CFD RESEARCH CORPORATION
215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805 (256) 726-4800 PI: Mr. Matthew E. Thomas (256) 726-4800 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0316 |
MASSACHUSSETS INSTITUTE OF TECH.
77 Massachussets Ave., Room E19-750 Cambridge, MA 02139-4307 (617) 258-8017 ID#: N033-0324 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-025 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Rapidly Throttleable Oxygen Generation Using Microwave Plasma Decomposition of Rod Fed Perchlorates | |
| Abstract: Elimination of high pressure and cryogenic propellant storage and feed systems for undersea vehicle fuel cells is of interest to the Navy. CFDRC proposes the development of a rechargeable oxygen generator based on microwave plasma decomposition of solid-state lithium perchlorate. The generator will employ the atmospheric microwave plasma torch technology recently demonstrated by the Plasma Science and Fusion Center at MIT. The main advantages of the proposed plasma technology are: electrodeless operation, high throughput atmospheric processing which meets the needs of a wide power range of fuel cells (50W - 5kW), microwave-to-plasma coupling efficiencies approaching 100%, and the utilization of an inexpensive and reliable microwave source. The proposed generator configuration will exceed all underwater vehicle operational requirements: high oxygen content, silent operation, rapid oxygen rate throttleability, and scalability. The key technology is an innovative circular microwave waveguide combined with a unique hollow-rod perchlorate feed system. During Phase II CFDRC will work with MIT to optimize the plasma-based oxygen generator prior to delivery to the Navy for independent test and evaluation. CFDRC''''s mature working relationships with General Motors, Siemens and other equipment manufacturers assures rapid commercialization of this system into underwater and land based fuel cell powered vehicles. CFDRC''''s mature working relationships with Boeing, LockMart, and NASA offers immediate technology infusion into numerous in-space applications. Our presence in the fuel cell and plasma technology communities (www.cfdrc.com/applications) assures access to numerous other commercial and military business opportunities. | |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS INC.
625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138-4555 (617) 491-3474 PI: Mr. Vitaly Ablavsky (617) 491-3474 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0327 |
BOSTON UNIVERSITY
Computer Science Dept., 111 Cummington St. Rm 279 Boston, MA 02215 (617) 353-8928 ID#: N033-0198 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-003 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Sensors and Methods to Handle UAV | |
| Abstract: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) play an increasingly important role in many military scenarios. For the Navy to incorporate these vehicles into its critical missions, there has to be an efficient protocol to handle them on the decks of aircraft carriers. Current handling approaches and procedures have substantial limitations. For example, GPS-based taxiing via pre-set coordinates assumes that the area is clear of all other traffic, while joystick remote control is cumbersome and relies on specially trained personnel. Although an elaborate sensor network positioned on the deck could alleviate these problems, its cost would be prohibitively high. We propose to develop a UAV-based intelligent navigation system that relies solely on image cues. Our sensor suite will be configured using commercial off-the-shelf video cameras and mounted in the nose section of the UAV. The cameras have small form factors and support both daytime and nighttime operation. The video processor consists of object detection, tracking, and range estimation modules. These low-level modules support two higher level functions-recognizing taxiing gestures given by a human controller and path planning for obstacle avoidance. An intelligent controller fuses information from these modules with scenario knowledge to achieve robust situation assessment throughout the UAV's taxiing. The intelligent vision-based command recognition and navigation system developed under this effort would find immediate use in numerous defense and civilian scenarios. Examples include operating robotic vehicles in hazardous or dangerous environments and emergency management (finding survivors in wreckages). Initiatives to provide UAV access to the national airspace, such the UAV National Industry Team (UNITE), have already identified the need for this type of vision technology. | |
| CHI SYSTEMS, INC.
Gwynedd Office Park, 716 N. Bethlehem Pike, Ste 30 Lower Gwynedd, PA 19002 (215) 542-1400 PI: Dr. J C LeMentec (217) 398-6753 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0321 |
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CH
152 Computing Applications Blg, 605 E. Springfield Ave Champaign, IL 61820 (217) 265-5387 ID#: N033-0191 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-003 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Sensors and Methods to Handle UAV | |
| Abstract: To gain acceptance into the fleet, the new generation of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) must mix seamlessly with the existing traffic on an aircraft carrier deck, where up to 50 aircraft and a numerous flight deck personnel may be present. Toward this end, the Navy is setting a UAV requirement to recognize the hand signals that directors (or Yellow Shirts) currently use to direct manned aircraft. We are proposing an approach that will minimally change deck procedures, but should produce reliable hand signal recognition in essentially any weather and operating conditions. Our approach will rely on light-weight motion sensors and a communication device worn by the Yellow Shirts that will allow them to control the movements of all the UAV onboard the carrier. The focus of our Phase I effort will be on building motion detection instrumentation for the Yellow Shirts, and demonstrating that we can recognize and discriminate hand signals based on the motion detector output. We will also demonstrate that we can use our interpretation of a Yellow Shirt's hand signals to control a UAV surrogate (i.e., a mobile robot in a laboratory environment). Two different commercialization strategies can be envision for this technology. The first involves controlling the taxiing behavior of UAVs in tight quarters, such as an aircraft carrier deck, although this type of control may also be desirable on ground bases. Another potential market is the training of military or civilian directors in a much safer environment. A PC based console could provide a low cost simulator that would help directors practice theirs signaling skills. Direct feedback would indicate if the signals are performed correctly, and emergency situations that come up rarely on a flight deck could be staged. A related use might be the testing of new hand signals or signaling devices in a controlled environment. | |
| CHI SYSTEMS, INC.
Gwynedd Office Park, 716 N. Bethlehem Pike, Ste 30 Lower Gwynedd, PA 19002 (215) 542-1400 PI: Dr. Jennifer Fowlkes (407) 277-9288 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0263 |
UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA
12443 Research Parkway, Suite 207 Orlando, FL 32826, FL 32826 (407) 823-3062 ID#: N033-0152 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-005 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: HapNet: Optimizing the Application of Haptics for Training | |
| Abstract: Haptic interfaces are being designed to enhance user interactions with entities in virtual environments. Potentially, haptics has widespread training applications and can be expected to enhance the perception of immersion and expand the breadth of skills that can be trained. However, while visual and auditory stimuli have long been effectively incorporated into immersive training environments, haptics stimulation has lagged behind, due in large part to factors such as the immature state of haptics technologies, the difficulty of simulating the sense of touch, and the lack of research on how best to utilize haptics for training. CHI Systems, Inc. proposes to team with the University of Central Florida's Institute for Simulation and Training to investigate how best to employ haptics to achieve training benefit. The ultimate product of our effort will be HapNet, a desktop software application and visual workspace to facilitate the design of tactor applications for various uses (e.g., training, gaming, medical-therapeutic). HapNet will incorporate mapping algorithms founded on theoretically and empirically based guidelines developed as a result of the research performed in Phases I and II. In Phase I, we propose to (a) assemble a prototype virtual testbed, (b) develop a taxonomy of haptic applications to guide research, (c) perform preliminary research and, for the Phase I Option, (d) develop a plan for a structured research program investigating the optimal placement and stimulation patterns of tactor arrays for training as well as for other applications suggested by the taxonomy. As the uses of haptics expand, practitioners will require assistance in the theory-based application of haptics. Applications potentially supported by HapNet include gaming (e.g., enhancing special effects and immersion), advanced learning and education settings (e.g., facilitating the design of nontraditional displays based on haptics), and the health and medical field (e.g., design of haptic displays to promote spatial orientation and navigation for blind individuals). | |
| CHINOOK POWER TECHNOLOGIES LLC
25977 SW Canyon Creek Road, Suite G Wilsonville, OR 97070 (503) 582-8797 PI: Mr. Dallas A. Marckx (503) 582-8797 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0312 |
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
Depart of Electr &Comp Engr, Oregon State University Corvallis, OR 97331-3211 (541) 737-2995 ID#: N033-0067 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-016 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Linear Actuator Using the Switched Reluctance Motor | |
| Abstract: A novel linear actuator is proposed as a one-for-one replacement for the existing hydraulic actuators on Naval vessels, specifically the actuator that positions the steering rudders on the LCAC. Alternative approaches will be considered, but only two seem practical - a linear motor and a linear actuator using a rotating screw. The preferred of the two uses a rotating screw since it is difficult to gain mechanical advantage with a straight linear motor. Hydraulics applications are characterized by low speed and high force requirements, leading to an alternative that can be leveraged using some means of mechanical gearing. Driving the rotating linear actuator screw is an advanced switched reluctance motor with associated power electronics. The SR motor is the most rugged of all known types and is fault tolerant in that a phase in either the motor or electronics can fail without a failure of the overall actuator. This approach can be implemented without any position sensing and with all hardware and controls integrated into a single package which can replace the existing actuator without mechanical modifications to the LCAC. Other advantages include much better control flexibility, dramatically reduced maintenance and complete elimination of hydraulic fluid and equipment. Upon completion of the project (all phases), the rudder actuators on the LCAC could be immediately replaced thus providing the benefits intended by the STTR topic. Versions of the actuator could replace most other hydraulic actuators currently used on military and civilian ships where high force is a requirement. In addition, the SR motor drive can be used in innumerable rotating applications without the linear screw mechanism - pumping, HVAC, hoists/cranes, material handling, elevators, and so on. The annual worldwide market for motor drives of all types is about $10 billion. | |
| CHINOOK POWER TECHNOLOGIES LLC
25977 SW Canyon Creek Road, Suite G Wilsonville, OR 97070 (503) 582-8797 PI: Mr. Dallas A. Marckx (503) 582-8797 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0292 |
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
Depart of Electr & Comp Engr, Oregon State University Corvallis, OR 97331-3211 (541) 737-7018 ID#: N033-0116 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-022 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Phase-Change Cooling in Fractal-Based Micro Channels | |
| Abstract: A heat flux of 1,000 watts/cm2 for the cooling of semiconductors in electronics will be achieved by exploiting three advanced technologies being developed at Oregon State University. Prior work indicates that this performance is well within the feasible range. The first technology involves micro channels which have been shown to improve cooling substantially. The primary historical disadvantages with micro channels have been excessive pumping power and poor temperature distribution. Both of these problems are solved by using fractal-like micro channels based on the circulation systems of mammals. By increasing cross sectional flow area at each of a series of branching stages, mass velocity and flow resistance are dramatically reduced. The second technology involves active phase-change cooling with a conventional, non-toxic, non-explosive coolant. In the third technology, an advanced micro lamination process will be used for fabricating the micro channels, thus assuring manufacturability in volume at reasonable cost. Using a 250 kW inverter as the targeted application, the team will optimize and evaluate the feasibility of a design exploiting these technologies. In the optional work, an experiment will be carried out to confirm the computational model. The anticipated result for the Navy is a new thermal management system for all electronics, but particularly for the power semiconductors of high power electronics equipment to installed in future Navy ships. The civilian power electronics markets combined are over $30 billion annually. All of these would benefit from the new thermal management approach since it not only reduces size dramatically, but also is conducive to volume, cost-competitive manufacturing. | |
| CREARE INC.
P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 (603) 643-3800 PI: Mr. William R. Baschnagel (603) 643-3800 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0298 |
TRUSTEES OF DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
Dartmouth College, 11 Rope Ferry Road, #6210 Hanover, NH 03755 (603) 646-3007 ID#: N033-0197 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-014 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Innovative Materials and Coatings for Lightweight Low-Cost Modular Ammunition Packaging | |
| Abstract: Large caliber ammunition is currently packaged using techniques developed during World War II resulting in environmental performance, handling, and other operational problems. Modular plastic containers are uniquely well suited to low-cost packaging designed for efficient shipping and delivery. However, suitably inexpensive plastics do not currently meet the demanding U.S. military requirements. Advanced plasma spray techniques make it possible to inexpensively apply closely controlled and tenacious metallic coatings to plastics. Such coatings can provide environmental protection and significantly enhanced permeability, flammability, and outgassing performance. We propose to combine these two technologies to provide, by careful selection of complementary materials and process parameters, the flexibility and cost advantages of lightweight plastic packaging with performance approaching that of heavy metal containers. During Phase I, we will analyze the Marine Corps' ammunition packaging requirements and constraints in detail, select appropriate materials and coatings, and fabricate and test material/coating samples to demonstrate the improved performance of suitably designed material/coating combinations. During Phase II, we will design modular, easily handled plastic packaging, test these material/coating combinations against the full spectrum of requirements, and fabricate prototype containers for evaluation by the Marines and the Defense Ammunition Center. Successfully overcoming current plastic packaging shortfalls will make it possible to exploit the unique potential of low-cost lightweight plastics to significantly improve ammunition packing performance and handling efficiency. This, in turn, opens opportunities to reduce the time and cost in shipment from depot to battery, and to significantly improve the operational flexibility and "shoot and scoot" movements. | |
| CREATIVE ACTION INC.
680 N. Portage Path Akron, OH 44303-1224 (330) 867-9978 PI: Dr. Anthony A. Sterns (330) 867-9978 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0254 |
THE UNIVERSITY OF AKRON
Dept. of Mathematics, The University of Akron Akron, OH 44325-4002 (330) 972-6779 ID#: N033-0216 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-004 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Optimizing Human Resource Management Models | |
| Abstract: We propose the study of a new heuristic for the general mixed integer problem called the Neighborhood Covering Heuristic (NCH). We describe the heuristic in its simplest, worst-case form. We then describe three enhancements to the heuristic which, separately and in combination, should yield a practical method for finding solutions. We believe this approach has the potential to be significantly faster and more effective than current offerings in finding solutions in very large problem spaces. This Phase I project will propose a method for demonstrating whether the approach is feasible and whether it is superior to existing approaches such as the Branch and Bound (BAB) method. Many real-world decisions can be cast as mixed integer programming (MIP) problems, including resource allocation, blending, and scheduling. Commonly known forms of the general MIP problem are the knapsack problem, the assignment problem, the lockbox problem, the network flow problem, and the set-covering problem. The application areas for techniques for solving the MIP problem include human resource planning, financial planning, manufacturing, distribution, inventory, airline scheduling, telecommunications network planning, and many others. All of these disciplines in both the military and commercial workplace require computer software to aid in solving these complex but common business challenges. This STTR project will, if successful, provide a software package using the proposed Neighborhood Covering Heuristic that is significantly faster and more effective than current methods in finding solutions to these important large scale business problems. | |
| DEFENSE RESEARCH ASSOCIATES, INC.
3915 Germany Lane, Suite 102 Beavercreek, OH 45431-1608 (937) 431-1644 PI: Mr. James Utt (937) 431-1644 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0307 |
UNIVERCITY OF DAYTON RESEARCH INSTI
300 College Park Dayton, OH 45469-0104 (937) 229-3190 ID#: N033-0087 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-020 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Silicon-Based Visible/Near-Infrared Affordable Missile Warning | |
| Abstract: U.S. military aircraft are still vulnerable to man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS) due to MANPADS effectiveness, low cost, availability, small size, and ease of use and due to the lack of operationally effective Electro-optical/ Infrared (EO/IR) detection systems that are capable of supporting advanced laser countermeasures (CM). An effective and affordable solution is critical. This research program focuses on using silicon-based visible/near-IR technology to provide an affordable EO/IR detection system with high probability of declaration and a low false alarm rate. The research leverages off of successful research demonstrations using optical technology already conducted by the industry and Government. The research proposed will focus on using very narrow band filters with two-color detection to provide the three key elements needed for an effective missile warning system (MWS): high resolution, spectral discrimination, and short revisit times. Phase I technical objectives are: demonstrate the feasibility of using existing commercial silicon sensor technology, predict performance of a prototype system using a combination of analysis and laboratory experiments, design a brassboard silicon MWS, and develop a commercialization plan for transitioning the prototype MWS for warfighter and commercial aircraft use. The expected benefit of this research is an effective yet affordable MWS that is compatible with advance laser CM. The MWS is expected to save U.S. military aircraft from losses due to MANPADS while conducting military operations or training exercises and also to provide protection for commercial aircraft from terrorist use of MANPADS. | |
| DEVELOSOFT CORPORATION
1630 30th Street, Suite 121 Boulder, CO 80301 (303) 544-1978 PI: Dr. Chris Wieland (303) 544-1978 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0326 |
UC SANTA BARBARA
Computer Science Department, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106 (805) 893-4321 ID#: N033-0178 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-003 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Evaluation of Multiple Approaches for Automated Gesture Recognition | |
| Abstract: DeveloSoft proposes to use its considerable carrier automation experience to investigate three main approaches for gesture recognition. First, we will evaluate either Measurand ShapeTape or micro-accelerometers for direct measurement of arm and hand positions. Second, we will investigate an imaging approach using LEDs or reflective tape... both with specially tuned optics and frequencies which work in sun glare, etc... Third, we propose to investigate automated recognition of voice commands through a special bone conductive microphone which works in 140dB+ carrier environments. The Navy will be constantly involved by downselecting various options and providing directors for shore and ship tests. Finally, we will investigate path planning and obstacle avoidance. There are many commercial uses for automated methods of recognizing commands and gestures in cluttered, challenging environments. Current products suffer from requirements for very simplistic conditions or expensive hardware. These requirements are too restrictive for a number of very promising commercial settings such as recognizing commands of small children. Carrier deck environments provide a challenging setting closely approximating realistic and challenging commercial settings, like a classroom full of small boys. | |
| EDDY COMPANY
13590 Niabi Rd. Apple Valley, CA 92308-6641 (760) 961-8457 PI: Mr. Wayne E. Rodgers (760) 961-8457 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0306 |
JHU/APL
11100 Johns Hopkins Road Laurel, MD 20723 (240) 228-5000 ID#: N033-0151 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-020 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Silicon-Based Visible/Near-Infrared Affordable Missile Warning | |
| Abstract: A collaborative effort between the Eddy Company and The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) is proposed to develop an affordable silicon-based visible to near infrared missile warning sensor. This sensor whould unltimately be part of an Infrared Counter-Measure (IRCM) system designed to protect Naval aircraft from anti-aircraft missiles. In this effort we will complete a feasibility study to address the technologies, capabilities, and design for a visible-near infrared (VNIR) missile warning system. The critical issue regarding the use of VNIR sensors for a missile warning system is to reject the solar and manmade visible background while at the same time sensing light from the missile plume. We will fabricate a prototype filter, that through a research and development effort be customized for a missile warning sensor application. The significance of our approach is ability to provide missile warning both during the day or night with extremely low false alarm rates using low cost visible sensing technology. As a deliverable product we will provide a feasibility study and development plan that describes the requirements, system design, performance specifications, manufacturing technologies, and a plan to fabricate a working sensor. Production of missile warning system for DOD/civilian aircraft. | |
| ENERGID TECHNOLOGIES
258 Belmont St Watertown, MA 02472 (888) 547-4100 PI: Dr. John Hu (888) 547-4100 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0325 |
MASSACHUSETTS INST. OF TECHNOLOGY
Artificial Intelligence Lab, 200 Technology Square, NE43-82 Boston, MA 02139 (617) 253-8047 ID#: N033-0133 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-003 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Sensors and Methods to Handle UAV | |
| Abstract: Autonomous vehicles navigating the flight deck of an aircraft carrier must recognize which flight deck director is assigned to them and which signals that director intends for them. They must be able to generate and follow a notional path to an assigned spot based on the director's instructions. But relying on the director's signals alone is not enough. They must be constantly aware of their surroundings as conditions change rapidly and unexpectedly. This is a proposal to develop innovative cognitive perception and intelligent vehicle control techniques for autonomous flight-deck navigation. Our core innovations are 1) a human gesture recognition algorithm for human hand signal input, 2) a hidden-Markov-model-based command interpretation module, 3) a rough path-planning method using dynamic mapping, and 4) a learning method for fine motion control. We will develop the algorithms and supporting software in object-oriented toolkit form. This will support easy modification and reuse. From this work, Energid Technologies plans to develop and sell software toolkits in the areas of collision avoidance, path-planning, and gesture recognition. Though the source code will be provided to the DoD, other customers will purchase the toolkit as software libraries and header files. This toolkit will have wide application. One prominent example is the airline industry. The gesture recognition algorithms can be used as a redundancy check for pilots following director's commands. Other applications include home, factory, and farm environments. Energid has special interest in agricultural applications, in particular, automated harvesting. We believe the path planning and collision avoidance algorithms developed here can be applied to the guidance of autonomous harvesting vehicles. | |
| ENGINEOUS SOFTWARE
2000 Centregreen Way, Suite 100 Cary, NC 27513 (800) 374-9235 PI: Mr. Rick Recuparo (315) 428-0582 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0270 |
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLO
77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge, MA 02139 (617) 253-7131 ID#: N033-0071 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-026 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Multidisciplinary Optimization of Naval Ship Design and Mission Effectiveness | |
| Abstract: It is estimated that more than 80 percent of a naval ship's ultimate acquisition cost is locked in during concept design. For many class of ships, this means tens of billions of dollars tied to a design that may not meet the original objective without new design changes. An "ad hoc" process for making critical design decisions is unacceptable. Without Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) early, and throughout, the ship design process, designers cannot make accurate decisions and they definitely cannot make the decisions early enough in the process to avoid the cost and schedule growth evident in the industry today. The Engineous team has developed a solution that will meet and exceed the Navy's requirements by delivering a: o Agile design environment that facilitates rapid design creation and modification. o The integration of all commercial and legacy ship design tools with MDO technology. o Robust designs developed in the face of uncertainty of data input. The methodology described in this proposal does not replace imagination and experience. It provides a practical tool to manage a complex total-system problem that cannot be managed by experience and intuition alone. It represents an essential change in how we do naval ship concept design. Benefits from the Engineous proposal: o Integrated mission effectiveness, ship performance and ship design tools with MDO capabilities o Designs that account for uncertainty in input data o Reduction in time to develop a feasible design. o Exploration of multiple design's in the same or less time than it takes today to develop single design o Robust designs o Reduction in development cost o Reduction in schedule creep o Better design collaboration with partners and contractors o Built in security With a system like the one proposed in our solution the American shipbuilders would have a new tool to help them compete in the world ship building industry. With offices in Japan, Korea, China, Great Britain, France and Germany, Engineous is the only MDO technology vendor that has the ability to support our manufacturers worldwide. | |
| EXTRUDE HONE CORPORATION
1 Industry Blvd, P.O. Box 1000 Irwin, PA 15642 (724) 863-5900 PI: Mr. Larry Otto (360) 373-0529 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0274 |
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
Dept of Mechanical Engineering, Box 352600 Seattle, WA 98195-2600 (360) 782-5521 ID#: N033-0040 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-001 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Advanced Materials for Rapid Manufacturing | |
| Abstract: The goal of the proposed project is to identify, develop, and evaluate potentially advantageous material systems appropriate for rapid manufacturing by three dimensional printing (3DP) for military, commercial, and dual-use applications. This shall include a cost-effective experimentation system for identification of promising material combinations using: (i) generic principals of alloy design; (ii) fabrication of demonstration components to determine feasibility; and (iii) characterization of baseline material property information. This effort will lead to significant compression of materials system development for rapid prototyping and manufacturing by reducing the time for selecting and qualifying new or alternative materials and applications. Findings from Phase I will direct Phase II future work for development of selected materials and manufacturing parameters and to demonstrate rapid material qualification on weapon system components. The benefits of 3DP manufacturing include performance improvements and significant cost savings through reduction of time for building and testing new parts and prototypes, and fabrication of components directly from either CAD drawings or digitized artifacts. Significant acquisition costs are associated with extended development cycles of prototyping, test, and build; direct design to manufacturing using 3DP offers a rapid mechanism for validation of new products. 3DP provides a substantial dual-use application in direct response to the DoD's critical needs to quickly and economically provide spare parts for aging legacy weapons systems and eliminate the need for an extensive inventory of widely varied parts which must be routinely and automatically procured in order to maintain an adequate sustainment stockpile. | |
| FOAM MATRIX INC.
1123 E. Redondo Blvd Inglewood, CA 90302 (310) 680-0777 PI: Mr. Kenneth Snyder (310) 680-0777 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0311 |
UNIVERSITY OF NEW ORLEANS
Station 122, 5100 River Rd. Avondale, LA 70094 (505) 437-2594 ID#: N033-0130 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-016 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Self Contained Actuation Systems | |
| Abstract: The Landing Craft, Air Cushion (LCAC) Transport was developed as a high-speed, over-the-beach, fully amphibious landing craft. There are 82 LCAC's in service. In operation, the LCAC is subjected to a most severe environment. Consequently, they require significant amounts of maintenance. For example, the fleet spends $4,264,000 annually to buy bearings and actuators, associated with the rudder control system, not including the labor associated with the maintenance. Foam Matrix, Inc. (FMI) proposes a solution that would reduce existing maintenance concerns and enhance future systems reliability and maintainability. FMI has a unique composite manufacturing process that can be used to manufacture a control surface with an integrated servo-actuator. FMl, Hamilton Sunstrand and Prof. Alley Butler will develop a composite rudder with an electric servo-actuator molded into the structure of the rudder. The advantages to such a configuration are numerous. Changing to a system that is purely electric reduces the complexity of the overall system architecture. An embedded servo would be protected from the severe operating environment. Composites are less prone to corrosion. The reduced part count and simplified architecture would result in a much smaller fault tree and maintenance costs. Reliability would be increased and availability enhanced. Reduced annual maintainance costs. Simplified Rudder Control System. Significant Weight savings. A more reliable Rudder Control System. | |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451-1196 (781) 684-4242 PI: Mr. Boris Rozenoyer (781) 684-4151 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0293 |
GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
505 Tenth St., NW Atlanta, GA 30332 (404) 894-6929 ID#: N033-0160 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-022 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Innovative Hybrid Thermal Management Component for High Heat Flux Semiconductor Device Cooling | |
| Abstract: Passive thermal management solutions for high power electronics are inadequate for advanced US Navy systems. Active cooling systems can provide superior heat dissipation, but may present significant packaging challenges. Foster-Miller proposes a hybrid thermal management concept that combines a passive element (high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion face plate) and an active element (liquid/vapor heat absorption and removal) into an integrated packaging scheme. Preliminary analysis indicates that the proposed cooler concept offers significant efficiency and reliability benefits compared to current thermal management approaches. The Foster-Miller team includes a renowned research institution internationally recognized in the area of electronics thermal management. In Phase I, the team will establish the feasibility of this hybrid cooling concept using component thermal modeling, constituent materials selection, device design, and demonstration article fabrication and characterization and testing. We will demonstrate the innovative hybrid cooling concept for a specific Navy power electronics system and the concept utility towards other high flux applications: laser optics, automotive electronics, and thermonuclear fusion hardware. (P-030333) Foster-Miller, together with its team member, proposes to develop, fabricate, and test an innovative hybrid thermal management component for Navy high power electronics module application, especially suitable for IGBT cooling. Successful development of our cooler concept for the above applications will be directly applicable to wide range of military and commercial electronics thermal management applications, including military and industrial optics and laser markets, telecommunications, and thermonuclear fusion power generation hardware. | |
| FUELCELL ENERGY, INC.
3 Great Pasture Rd. Danbury, CT 06813 (203) 825-6057 PI: Dr. Hossein Ghezel-Ayagh (203) 825-6048 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0338 |
STEVENS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Dept. of Physics and Eng., Castle Point on Hudson Hoboken, NJ 07030 (201) 216-5671 ID#: N033-0158 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-006 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Compact Plasma Reformer for the Ship Service Fuel Cell System | |
| Abstract: FuelCell Energy, Inc. (FCE) is developing a marine fuel cell power plant for use on naval vessels. The Ship Service Fuel Cell power generator is based on internally reformed carbonate fuel cell technology utilizing naval logistic fuels. Logistic fuels require sulfur removal and conversion to a methane-rich gas for use with the internally reforming carbonate fuel cell stacks. The present fuel processing system removes sulfur by treatment with hydrogen gas in a pressurized catalytic reactor (HDS) followed by hydrogen sulfide absorption in a zinc oxide bed. The treated fuel is converted with steam to methane-rich gas in a pre-reforming catalytic reactor. These fuel treatment reactors together with the required ancillary equipment are major contributors to the overall size and weight of the present power plant. In this Phase I STTR project, FCE proposes an innovative approach of using a non-catalytic plasma reformer to replace the HDS reactor, hydrogen generator, pre-reformer, and associated piping and instrumentation. This reduction in system equipment requirement would result in a higher power density, lower cost, and lower maintenance power plant. Success of the proposed project would be a significant milestone toward the development of compact logistic fuel processors for shipboard fuel cell electric power generators. If this project is successful, it will significantly improve the logistic fuel processing section of the Ship Service Fuel Cell Power Plant design. The technology would eliminate key pieces of equipment; reduce the number of heat exchangers and pumps as well as all the associated piping and instrumentation. This reduction in system complexity will result in a higher power density and lower cost power plant. The plasma reformer system in this proposal has potential advantages over conventional means of steam reforming for production of methane rich gas. The proposed plasma reformer addresses one of the critical requirements of the Ship Service Fuel Cell system by reducing the overall power plant size and weight, as well as reduction in power plant cost and maintenance requirement. These improvements will make the Ship Service Fuel Cell system more useful for naval as well as commercial marine applications. | |
| GENERAL VORTEX ENERGY, INC.
1306 FM 1092 STE 403 Missouri City, TX 77459-1565 (713) 992-3465 PI: Dr. Anatoli Borissov (713) 202-2985 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0335 |
UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND
2181 Glenn L. Martin Hall, University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742 (301) 405-5276 ID#: N033-0066 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-006 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: High Efficiency Fuel Cell Systems for Shipboard Applications | |
| Abstract: GENERAL VORTEX ENERGY, Inc.'s (GVE) design concept for a hybrid fuel cell power generation system consists of a high temperature SOFC fuel cell and a highly efficient Jirnov Vortex Turbine (JVT). Current microturbines are inefficient, noisy, polluting and operate at high rotary speeds. GVE is in the final stages of producing a prototype JVT with an efficiency of 62% at an operating temperature of 1300K. The GVE hybrid fuel cell system could work either in the combined fuel cell/JVT mode or JVT mode alone. Either method would provide the high efficiency, reliability and low detection features desired. When working in the JVT mode alone, the efficiency approximates 62% (microturbines = 20%). In the fuel cell mode alone, the efficiency is approximately 40%. This efficiency increase for the fuel cell is due to the efficient "isothermal" compression of air (by the JVT) for the fuel cell stack. Working in the mixed mode(50% power from the fuel cell, 50% power from the JVT), the overall efficiency will approximate 53%. The JVT produces half the CO2 of conventional turbine and virtually no NOX or CO. Because of its low rotational speed, the JVT has a very low acoustic signature. The Jirnov Vortex Turbine (JVT), with a 62% thermal efficiency, is the most efficient gas turbine ever invented. The JVT has the ability to provide motive power to ships or other equipment, utilized with a generator to provide distributed power, or combined with fuel cells to provide a hybrid system. The JVT has a low rotary speed (<2000 rpm) and a flat torque curve, thus it has the ability to function without gearboxes. The JVT, with or without combining with fuel cells, has a large market as a power source for ships, automobiles, compressors, refrigeration equipment, military vehicles, electrical generation and hundreds of other applications. The ability to spread the manufacturing costs over so many diverse markets will allow for a very low-cost unit. The annual worldwide market for engines or gas turbines used for motive power is estimated to be $235 billion. Utilized with fuel cells, the JVT will allow for the hybrid fuel cell industry to explode. Current microturbines are too inefficient and create excessive pollutants to be effective in a hybrid system. The high thermal efficiency of the JVT and its low NOX and CO production make the JVT a perfect compliment for a hybrid fuel cell. It is estimated that the JVT could cover 98% of the distributed generation market (<20MW), either stand-alone or combined with a fuel cell. The Arthur D. Little Co. estimated the cumulative value of this market to be $52 Billion through the year 2010. The health benefits attributed to the JVT because of the extreme reduction in air pollutant measures in the billions of dollars. Additionally, the JVT produces only 50% of the "greenhouse gas" (CO2) of a standard gas turbine. | |
| GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY CONNECTION, INC.
2839 Paces Ferry Rd. Suite 1160 Atlanta, GA 30339-5770 (770) 803-3001 PI: Dr. Dimitri Mavris (404) 894-1557 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0269 |
GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Aero Engnr 0150/Weber Bldg Atlanta, GA 30332 (404) 894-1557 ID#: N033-0166 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-026 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Multidisciplinary Optimization of Naval Ship Design and Mission Effectiveness | |
| Abstract: This proposal presents the background and work necessary to adapt methodologies for the design of complex systems developed at the Aerospace Systems Design Laboratory (ASDL) at Georgia Tech under the sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research and Global Technology Connection(GTC)/Georgia Tech SBIR , in support of their Affordability Measurement and Prediction methods initiative, to the areas of naval architecture and marine engineering. The work proposed will demonstrate how ADSL's design methodologies can be implemented into an integrated architectural framework that uses physics-based analyses of appropriate fidelity to create design alternatives. The resulting environment provides the capability for exploring the multidimensional design spaces, evaluating new technologies and creating robust design solutions, while considering the myriad uncertainties inherent in the design of complex ship systems. The proposed architecture couples sizing and synthesis tools with mission analysis tools to assess how trade-offs between design factors, requirements and technology insertion will affect mission effectiveness. The resulting environment presents the design information in a manner that facilitates a better visualization of the design space and allows the designer to readily explore multiple design alternatives and mission scenarios. This proposal introduces the design methodologies and proposes a work plan for integrating them into a comprehensive architecture for the conceptual design of ships. Communication and working relationship with a major USN shipbuilder will also be established during phase I. In Phase II, optimized initial version of ship design methodology will be implemented to demonstrate the framework capability to support two ship designs with disparate missions. This prototype demonstration and validation will be accomplished using future ship concept designs in collaboration with NSWC-CD. Collaborative teaming arrangements with shipyards will be accomplished in Phase III transition to commercialization. This technology will result in optimizing new technology applications in naval ships. They will be equally applicable to shipyards under contract to DoD and those producing commercial ships. | |
| HYPER TECH RESEARCH INC.
110 E. Canal St. Troy, OH 45373 (937) 332-0348 PI: Mr. Michael Tomsic (937) 332-0348 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0282 |
NHMFL-FSU
Florida State University, 109 Westcott Tallahassee,, FL 32306-1330 (850) 644-3347 ID#: N033-0055 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-007 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Superconducting Power Dense Inductors and reactors for Power Filtering Applications | |
| Abstract: Currently, power electronic systems, for the Navy results in systems that are 10 times too large and heavy. The passive components such as inductors, reactors, and transformers take up a considerable percentage of the weight and volume. Superconducting passive components can dramatically reduce the size and weight of these components. This project investigates the potential of using magnesium diboride superconductor wires for these types of passive components. Magnesium diboride wire has the potential of being a very low AC loss superconductor compared to other potential high temperature superconductors. The Phase I will demonstrate the AC loss properties of the wires, the ability to make coils using the wires, and determine scale up potential for building a full size component in a Phase II effort. The development of magnesium diboride superconductor wires has potential for commercial MRI magnets, and components for the power utility industry such as transformers, reactors, fault current limiters, generators, and motors. | |
| IMAGING MICROSENSORS, INC.
6198 Butler Pike, Suite 130 Blue Bell, PA 19422 (215) 793-0822 PI: Dr. E. Hesham Attia (215) 793-0822 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0280 |
APPLIED RESEARCH LABORATORIES
The Univ. of Texas at Austin, P.O. Box 8029 Austin, TX 78713-8029 (512) 835-3484 ID#: N033-0169 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-017 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: AUV-Based Sonar Registration of Seafloor Features and Objects | |
| Abstract: In support of future U.S. Navy mine-hunting and surveillance systems, Imaging Microsensors Inc. (IMI) proposes an innovative acoustic method for identifying and locating seafloor features and objects that had been previously detected. The ability to re-acquire an object in sonar images, at arbitrary times and aspect angles, is critical to many applications involving underwater operations, including the reacquisition of a target, station keeping, maneuvering relative to stationary objects, mapping, and navigation by landmarks. IMI has developed extensive SAS imaging computer simulation software. The imaging software will be adapted to include realistic assumptions, made using a modern sonar modeling software package currently in use at ARL,UT-Austin, about target strength and background reverberation. The SAS imaging software will also be adapted to produce images at different aspect angles of the simulated targets and the associated shadowing effects for the purpose of developing image registration algorithms and evaluating their performance. Phase I will model the acoustic response of seafloor features and objects, determine important system requirements, develop basic registration algorithms, and identify sonar systems capable of supporting the algorithms. In Phase II, engineering development of sensor and measurement technology will be carried out leading to a laboratory demonstration on a Navy representative vehicle. There is private sector interest in underwater navigation and station-keeping relative to the seafloor, particularly in the growing sonar and autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) sector. Applications include oil drilling, underwater mining, and salvage/recovery. They all could benefit from this technology. | |
| IMMERSION CORPORATION
801 Fox Lane San Jose, CA 95131 (408) 350-8880 PI: Mr. Chris Ullrich (408) 350-8835 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0264 |
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
320 Panama St. Stanford, CA 94305-4100 (650) 723-2610 ID#: N033-0110 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-005 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Haptic Rendering of Virtual Stimuli for Fully Immersive Virtual Reality Training Systems | |
| Abstract: Immersion will investigate the value provided by haptics when used for virtual reality training. A specific virtual reality training task will be analyzed using a set of performance metrics. Force feedback will be provided to users using a variety of different haptic technologies, including both active and vibrotactile devices. Immersion will attempt to validate the performance metrics for each device by comparison with non-haptic training for the same task. The experimental data will be analyzed and reported by Immersion. Using the results of the experimental analysis, Immersion will propose a design for a haptic virtual reality training system. The system design will incorporate hardware and software requirements identified during the Phase I work. As an option, Immersion will investigate the effect of various haptic display algorithms on training efficacy. A single haptic device will be programmed to display a variety of different collision and abstract information to users. Analysis of the results of the optional component will provide valuable specialized data for use in the Phase II effort. Immersion anticipates that the results from this phase I effort will provide valuable, objective data that can enhance new and ongoing virtual reality applications. Haptic virtual reality training can provide valuable insight into task difficulty and ergonomic issues, especially for automotive and aerospace manufacturers. Existing virtual prototyping applications used for automotive and aerospace design do not incorporate haptic feedback. The addition of validated haptic feedback, along with performance measures will provide valuable data that can be incorporated into the design process. | |
| INFO-OPS / INFOASSURE, INC.
1298 Bay Dale Drive, Suite 207 Arnold, MD 21012 (410) 757-4188 PI: Mr. Gerald Kimmel (410) 757-4188 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0343 |
THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
109 Coble Hall, MC-325, 801 S. Wright Street Champaign, IL 61820 (217) 333-2186 ID#: N033-0085 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-008 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Information Centric Security | |
| Abstract: The need exists for a technology that creates an "information-centric" security architecture that augments the current "network-centric" security posture moving protection to what is really important, the INFORMATION. The purpose of this effort is to (1) review previous government sponsored research on cryptographic key management solutions, (2) perform original research to extend the concepts previously considered, and (3) propose a model of an information centric security (INFOCENSEC) solution. The primary focus of this effort is to investigate the feasibility of designing a new INFOCENSEC distributed key management architecture combining PKI with Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) methodology, based on ANSI X9.69. Key advantages to this approach include central control and management of identity and authorization credentials, allowing immediate addition, modification, or revocation of credentials. In high-risk situations (i.e., forward deployed warfighters or C2 for HLS first responders), a trusted online revocation service could be accessed for every transaction; or credentials distributed by an online credential management service could have restricted lifetimes enabling information sharing in a peer-to-peer mode when connectivity to a network is not available or denied. The INFOCENSEC approach, based on ANSI X9.69, provides a highly scalable and flexible cryptographic key management architecture that provides role-based access control at the object level enforcing need-to-know through cryptography. The benefits of the INFOCENSEC approach include: ú A highly scalable distributed cryptographic key management solution would be immediately useful for obtaining information dominance among coalition forces. ú The ability for multi-national coalition forces and HLS responders to securely and conveniently obtain and manage the credentials they require for sharing information across domains without increased management overhead. ú Flexible key management architecture that supports both: o Central control and management of identity and authorization credentials, allowing immediate addition, modification, or revocation of credentials. o In high-risk situations (i.e., forward deployed warfighters and HLS responders), a trusted online revocation service could be accessed for every transaction; or credentials distributed by an online credential management service could have restricted lifetimes enabling information sharing in a peer-to-peer mode when connectivity to a network is not available. InfoAssure visualizes three targeted commercialization opportunities in which this technology may be implemented to provide needed INFOCENSEC solutions including (1) data warehousing with XML tagging schema; (2) firmware implementation to be incorporated into a NIC devices; and (3) client server application for enterprise management of access to and use of shared information objects in enterprise applications such as collaboration or records/knowledge management. | |
| INFORMATION EXTRACTION & TRANSPORT, INC.
1911 N. Ft. Myer Drive, Suite 600 Arlington, VA 22209 (703) 841-3500 PI: Dr. Shozo Mori (408) 725-1112 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0313 |
GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY
SEOR Dept., MS4A6, 4400 University Dr. Fairfax, VA 22030 (703) 993-1502 ID#: N033-0189 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-012 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: ASW Systems with Large Numbers of Advanced Autonomous Distributed Sensors | |
| Abstract: IET proposes a self-organizing approach to solving the data fusion aspects of the challenges faced in executing the Advanced Autonomous Distributed Sensors (AADS) concept, the Navy''''s next-generation littoral ASW/AsuW surveillance approach. We propose to mitigate the false alarm rate problem, the so-called large-N problem, posed by the AADS that arises through the use of a large number of small, inexpensive sensors in place of fewer, larger, more expensive sensors, by applying distributed data fusion technology. In our proposed approach, each sensor node communicates with neighboring nodes in terms of statistics such as likelihood functions or a posteriori probabilities conditioned only on the local data, rather than by making local decisions. Those local statistics are then fused together to produce collaborative, global situation assessment and decisions, maintaining collective optimality. We propose to build upon IET''''s state-of-the-art inference and decision-making solution techniques, developed to support computation with Bayesian and decision networks, into the self-organizing distributed data fusion infrastructure for the AADS development. IET has formulated its approach in concert with its research institution partner, Professor Kuo-Chu Chang of George Mason University''''s Department of Systems Engineering and Operations Research (GMU-SEOR). Professor Chang is a widely recognized expert in data fusion and decision network technology. He has recently developed a novel solution for real-time decision network solutions. The result of this Phase I STTR effort will be mathematical solutions, algorithms and a software architecture for coordination among a large number of heterogeneous, inexpensive, multi-layered sensors to accomplish continuous surveillance of very large littoral volumes. The results of this effort will be of commercial interest to any organization attempting to control a dynamic and ubiquitous sensor population for target tracking and identification. Some of the military markets include force protection, facility monitoring and mobile target tracking. Some of the commercial markets identified to date include the MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) market, microsatellites, terrestrial and extraterrestrial robotics, and UAVs. Potential applications include medical sensors, field service, law enforcement, forest fires, and disaster relief. | |
| INNOVATIVE FLUIDICS, INC.
430 10th Street, NW, Suite S-203 Atlanta, GA 30318-0390 (404) 385-4109 PI: Dr. Samuel Heffington (404) 385-2142 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0291 |
GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Office of Sponsored Programs, 505 Tenth Street, N.W. Atlanta, GA 30332-0420 (404) 894-6929 ID#: N033-0030 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-022 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Active, Two-Phase, Vibration-Induced Droplet Atomization (VIDA) for High-Heat Flux Advanced Thermal Management Applications | |
| Abstract: Vibration-Induced Droplet Atomization, or VIDA, is a thin-film spray cooling technology developed at Georgia Tech with tremendous potential for thermal management applications in future Navy ship power electronic systems. The patented VIDA technique uses a vibrating piezo driver in a self-contained cell to deliver a highly controllable, rapid-response, on-demand aerosol-sized water spray to hot electronic components. Vapor evaporated from the hot surface condenses on a secondary cooling loop, thus enabling efficient heat removal. Results show that a small charge can effectively manage high power densities with an extremely low ratio of power consumed to power removed and with very low flow rates. Through use of a small piezo pump, the system can be made orientation-independent. Cooling rates in excess of 100W/cm2 have been measured while keeping devices below 125C. It is anticipated the technique can be developed to deliver up to 1000 W/cm2 with optimizations described herein. The VIDA technology has the potential for delivering a method of high heat-flux thermal management in a relatively simple, low-cost configuration, in a low-profile form factor. Military applications include solid-state power electronic conversion and distribution systems; as well as cooling of radar, high-power laser, electromagnetic aircraft launch, electromagnetic weapon systems and motor speed controllers. Commercial applications include cooling of lasers for optoelectronic switching and telecommunications systems as well as high-power rack mount and blade servers and high-temperature "under-the-hood electronics." | |
| INTEGUMENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
70 Pearce Avenue Tonawanda, NY 14150-6711 (716) 873-1199 PI: Dr. Terrence G. Vargo (716) 873-1199 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0345 |
THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
CMFA, 810 Wyman Park Drive Baltimore, MD 21211 (410) 516-3318 ID#: N033-0268 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-013 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Innovative Vehicle Camouflage | |
| Abstract: The use of battlefield camouflage is beyond a doubt an effective countermeasure against human vision and aided vision target acquisition systems. Effective camouflage is such a valuable countermeasure because it is passive and hence continuously effective, within a given environment. However, optimal camouflage effectiveness requires that the camouflage pattern (i.e., color and spatial design) be matched to the local background and the vehicle's geometry within that background. Our team proposes to develop an advanced surface barrier protection peel and stick wallpaper (i.e., appliqu‚) system that will be designed to include three dimensional camouflage patterns sublimed directly into the applique coating. The camouflage aspect of the applique will be designed with the objective of achieving at least 20% signature reduction when incorporated onto large land vehicles and structures important to the U.S. Marine Corp. Further, this appliqu‚ system will have both inherent and internally built-in capabilities for providing exceptional corrosion protection to all vehicles equipment and structures to which it will be applied. Effective coatings that provide the Marine Corps with: (1) 20% reduction in detection, (2) Easy application, interchangeability, repair and maintenance, and (3) Outstanding resistance to and protection from corrosion will have significant market potential in military applications. We believe a product can be developed which can be applied easily to the surfaces of most Marine and Naval vessels resulting in excellent cost savings via the multi-functional characteristics of this unique coating system. | |
| IRVINE SENSORS CORPORATION
3001 Redhill Avenue, Building #3 Costa Mesa, CA 92626-4532 (714) 444-8760 PI: Mr. David Ludwig (714) 444-8730 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0320 |
FLORIDA ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INST
4801 Bay Shore Blvd., Suite 10 Tampa, FL 33611 (813) 837-3374 ID#: N033-0220 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-018 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Advanced EO sensor for multi-mission USN/USMC UAVs | |
| Abstract: The objective of the STTR program is to develop and evaluate a prototype ISR sensor package for use on organic UAVs that employs advanced VNIR sensor technology for littoral-zone warfare mission products; detection and characterization of low-contrast targets; and provides accurate geo-location of these products. The ISC team has conducted an initial design of a prototype ISR sensor package and determined a quantitative assessment of the performance of the sensor package in an ISR role. ISC, with Florida Environmental Research Institute (FERI, a non- profit research institution) and Mundkowsky Consulting which includes, Ruda & Associates, Inc. (RAI), Technical Research Associates, Inc. (TRA), and CEB Metasystems, Inc. (CEB) as subcontractors, provide a unique history of contract experience to successfully fulfill the objectives of the STTR program. To satisfy the objective of Phase I, the ISC team will conduct the statement of work tasks presented in Section 2.0. Successful completion of the Phase I and Option tasks will satisfy the overall Phase I objective by: (1) prototype ISR sensor package design, (2) sensor package quantitative assessment in an ISR role, and (3) development of a Phase II prototype ISR sensor package build and test plan, through proof-of-concept demonstration, including estimated cost. The commercial airborne survey industry needs advanced sensor packages to support improved performance (response times, accuracy, coverage rates, discrimination, etc.) for numerous emergency situations, such as forest-fire mapping (Forest Service), oil-slick tracking and coastal storm damage mapping (FEMA, NOAA), and search and rescue (USCG). | |
| ISOTRON CORPORATION
1300 N. Northlake Way Seattle, WA 98103 (206) 632-0713 PI: Mr. Henry L. Lomasney (206) 632-0713 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0344 |
UNITED STATES MILITARY ACADEMY
Dept. of Behavioral Science, U.S. Military Academy West Point, NY 10996 (845) 938-3696 ID#: N033-0104 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-013 Awarded: 01JUL03 |
| Title: Innovative Vehicle Camouflage | |
| Abstract: Today's military has a need to reduce the probability of visual detection of its vehicles and shelters and to quickly change its camouflage patterns in the field. The traditional NATO pattered camouflage was developed years ago and is now obsolete. The work of this SBIR involves a new technology where a digitized pixel scheme is delivered via a removable coating, which provides for advanced survivability. Camouflage is made possible via an advanced patterning approach, which considers perception limitations that are inherent in the human eye. Rapid removal and re-deployment is provided by a strippable coating binder that incorporates advanced adhesive energy management. This insures the coatings the coatings integrity without compromising predictable removal. This easily applied camouflage system will be tough enough to withstand the military's operational-durability demands including immersion requirements. At the same time, the removability of the coating will enhance decontamination of equipment from nuclear, chemical and biological agents. Contemporary camouflage techniques for commercial application include clothing and concealment equipment for hunters, naturalists, and paint ball enthusiasts. These measures rely heavily on outdated mimicry patterns. The principles used in the improved digital camouflage system will provide a new start for the commercial camouflage industry. There is a significant commercial opportunity for an easily applied camouflage coating. This could be used by sporting enthusiasts and by manufacturers of hunting equipment. An example is the duck hunter, who uses the camouflage on his watercraft for hunting season and can easily restore its appearance to that which is appropriate for other recreational purposes. | |
| ITHACA MECHANICAL SYSTEMS CORPORATION
6 Parkwood Circle Cortland, NY 13045 (607) 756-4579 PI: Mr. Robert M Shydo Jr (607) 437-0727 Contract #: N00014-03-M-0275 |
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
224 Upson Hall, Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853 (607) 255-4366 ID#: N033-0280 Agency: NAVY Topic#: 03-015 Awarded: 18JUL03 |
| Title: LCAC Cargo Restraint Griping System | |
| Abstract: Ithaca Mechanical Systems Corporation proposes to reduce LCAC cargo removal time by introducing Single Point of Release (SPR) tie down systems. New materials will be researched for both cargo restraint and release mechanisms with the intent to reduce manual operations by soldiers. Shape memory alloy and piezo-electric will be investigated for application in both tension and deck hold release mechanisms. Final Phase I products will be technical research and preliminary designs contained in a written re | |