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DoD SBIR FY03.1 - SOLICITATION SELECTIONS w/ ABSTRACTS Air Force - Navy - DARPA - MDA - DTRA - CBD - OSD - SOCOM - NIMA |
| OPTRON SYSTEMS, INC.
3 Preston Court Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-3100
Dr. Xingtao Wu AF 03-001 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | Monolithic Deformable Membrane Mirror for High Energy Laser Applications |
| Abstract: | To address the high-speed, low-cost, low-weight, and compact requirements of space- and air-borne high-energy-laser adaptive optical systems, this Phase I program will design test and fabricate a monolithic, high-resolution, deformable, thin-film MEMS-actuator-driven phase-only spatial light modulator mirror. The modulators will be built atop a VLSI driver chip, and in the Phase II program a six-inch wafer will provide four modulators with 512x512 pixels on 10-micron centers. In particular, the Phase I will focus on the problems of electrostatic MEMS actuator design and fabrication, high-voltage VLSI-MEMS driver chip design and fabrication, and prototype modulator assembly and testing to establish feasibility. The proposed modulator design offers: large phase dynamic range (large stroke), low-voltage and low power operation, low weight, scalability to millions of actuators, fast rise time (10 microseconds), electrically-independent actuators, excellent surface figure, high laser power damage threshold, compatibility with system architectures that reduce the computations necessary to compensate wavefront distortion, and low manufacturing cost. Anticipated Benefits Because of its unique design, the modulator is a nearly ideal phase corrector element. We expect the modulator to: offer at least 4d radians of phase correction (2d radians of displacement) at near-infrared wavelengths, operate at electronics-limited framing rates on the order of 4 kHz, offer more accurate phase correction at potentially higher rates than other modulators because of its 100% fill factor, be ultra-compact and extremely lightweight enough to be mounted into telescopes, airframes, missiles, satellites, and medical equipment without significant modification, be scalable to larger wafer sizes without any performance degradation due to the massively parallel nature of the feeding signals, and to yield low system cost because wafer-scale fabrication is being used. Potential Commercial Applications Commercial applications of the proposed MEMS phase modulator and its intensity counterpart include (1) large-screen projection displays, (2) low-cost wavefront correctors (such as retinal imagers and supernormal human vision systems) for the commercial and amateur astronomy markets, (3) low-cost mirror shutters for general-purpose use, and for applications in laser radar and printing, and (4) spatial light modulators for optical signal processing applications. |
| FIBERTEK, INC.
510 Herndon Parkway Herndon, VA 20170 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 471-7671
Mr. Richard Utano AF 03-002 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | High Power, High Efficiency Optical Power Amplifiers |
| Abstract: | Develop new techniques to design and build a fiber optical amplifier capable of >10W with wall plug efficiencies of >30% for space based commmunications applications. Fibertek proposes a Phase I program that includes a comprehensive trade analysis on fiber laser technology, modeling of a baseline architecture followed by design verification experiments. This development is anticipated to supply the building blocks for free space communications systems for future high bandwidth satellite communications and military air to air and air to ground communications requirements. |
| OPTICAL HORIZONS
12340 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 251 Los Angeles, CA 90025 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 979-3342
Dr. Fritz Strohkendl AF 03-002 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | High Power, High Efficiency Optical Power Amplifiers |
| Abstract: | Free space optical communications is rapidly becoming the technology of choice for intersatellite links (ISLs). Typical systems utilize high speed laser sources coupled with high power optical amplifiers. We propose the development of a high efficiency, high average power (22W), low noise, optical fiber amplifier for free-space satellite communications. The amplifier supports variable output pulse energies ranging from 2.2nanoJ at 10GHz up to 120microJ at 180kHz repetition rate when seeded with 10 pJ/bit. The amplifier has a 25 GHz bandwidth that can be tuned to match the transmitter/receiver, allowing large signal-to-noise improvement. The predicted signal to noise at the amplifier output is 48 dB in a 25 GHz bandwidth. We will further optimize our design through (1) match of gain media and pump lasers, (2) study of various pump geometries. The communications satellite market is rapidly expanding. For communication between satellites the new method of choice is optical data links, as they are more compact, lighter, and more energy efficient than RF based links. The increased power of our amplifier will enable high transmission rates, up to 100 Gbs. Its variable pulse energy feature will significantly facilitate initial emitter-receiver alignment and enable operation in high back-ground noise environments. |
| METROLASER, INC.
2572 White Road Irvine, CA 92614 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 553-0688
Dr. Vladimir Markov AF 03-003 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | High Gain Threshold-less Laser System based on Optical Phase Conjugation |
| Abstract: | In this Phase I proposal, we outline a plan to develop a novel ultra sensitive and high-gain laser system. Its operation is based on a high-gain thresholdless optical phase-conjugate mirror (OPCM). Such a laser system will be capable of tracking remote objects. A stimulated Brillouin scattering effect is used in the proposed approach for development of a high-gain pulsed laser system in an intra-cavity four-wave mixing architecture. In this proposal, we outline the operational principles of the system and show how the high-gain conditions (up to 108) can be achieved for a minimal intensity level of a signal of 10 14J. During Phase I, we will perform an extensive theoretical analysis, design a laboratory system, and demonstrate the key components of the system and its operation. During Phase II we will scale the technology for field demonstration. The proposed thresholdless approach for a high-gain laser system can significantly enhance the amplification of a very low intensity optical signal and in this way improve precision and accuracy with remote laser tracking, discriminating and imaging of a small objects. Because of increased accuracy, the control of satellites can be performed less frequently and with fewer tracking stations, thus saving on operational costs. In the government sector the proposed system could find applications in the Air Force and MDA for tracking and engaging missiles, especially during their mid-course phase. Small size, less system complexity and consequently system mobility are its operational benefits. Commercial applications include, but are not limited to, commercial aircraft, satellite tracking, and high-speed wireless communication. In addition, the proposed techniques can be used for improving the performance characteristics of lasers when a high-energy pulse with a required beam shape on a target surface is of interest. |
| ACULIGHT CORP.
11805 North Creek Parkway S., Suite 113 Bothell, WA 98011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 482-1100
Dr. Eric Honea AF 03-004 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | Space Qualified One Micron Lasers |
| Abstract: | We propose a Yb:SFAP laser system, using a novel resonator scheme, that will provide over 1 J per pulse output at 100 Hz at high efficiency, in a package far more compact, lower mass and efficient that conventional systems. The high-pulse-energy power oscillator architecture is especially suited to space platforms where weight, volume, cooling and efficiency are particularly important. The proposed system will enable a 1 J/pulse 100 Hz system with efficiency and compactness far exceeding conventional systems. The efficiency and cost advantages of the Yb:SFAP system together are anticipated to break through the present cost barriers to diode-pumped solid-state lasers in commercial materials processing systems . |
| FIBERTEK, INC.
510 Herndon Parkway Herndon, VA 20170 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 471-7671
Dr. Floyd E. Hovis AF 03-004 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | High Energy, Diode-Pumped, Nd:YAG Laser for Space-Based Lidar |
| Abstract: | Lidar systems are powerful tools for a wide range of remote sensing applications. These include precision distance measurements, target detection, designation, and imaging, and the mapping of chemical species concentrations. The transition of lidar technology into space will provide a powerful tool for defense and commercial applications. For space-based measurements, lasers with a near diffraction limited beam quality and pulse energies on the order of 1 J are often required. Higher repetition rates increase the data acquisition rate. We are proposing to investigate 1 æm laser designs that can provide 1 J/pulse at 100 Hz in a robust and compact package suitable for space. Our approach is based on an oscillator/amplifier design. The design incorporates diode-pumped, conductively cooled zigzag slabs as the gain media. The oscillator is an innovative application of polarization output coupling to a ring resonator to achieve a high beam quality with pulse energies on the order of 250 mJ. By starting with higher energy oscillator pulses we can achieve a more compact overall system. Proof of principle resonator measurements and scaling analysis will be performed in Phase I. The addition of amplifiers to achieve the final 0.5 -1 J output would occur in Phase II. There is commercial, DOD, and NASA interest in the development of state of the art, diode-pumped lasers to use in a variety of space-based lidar systems. The purpose of these lidar systems include tracking, imaging, and identification of objects near earth, in deep space, on land, and under water. There is also a growing interest, for both environmental monitoring and national security reasons, in the application of lidar systems to the sensing of trace levels of chemical and biological materials. Another active area of both commercial and NASA interest is lidar based wind measurements. Because of the large distances involved, large laser pulse energies are frequently required to achieve an adequate signal-to-noise from the lidar system. The class of laser of interest is in the 1 J, 100 Hz range. The higher repetition rates allow the opportunity for faster data acquisition for rapidly changing scenes of interest. Diode-pumped, 1 æm solid-state lasers are a relatively mature technology and are good candidates for use as the primary laser or as the pump source for generating other wavelengths at the required pulse energies. In order to minimize the output and receiver optics, as would be needed for a space-based system, it is also desirable that the output from the laser be near diffraction limited. Although diode-pumped 1æm lasers with the properties described above have been demonstrated for commercial and R&D applications, considerable development is still required to build the robust systems that would be needed for space-based and other field-based systems. Our SBIR proposal is intended to develop a high pulse energy Nd:YAG laser that can meet the needs of such lidar systems. |
| IRVINE SENSORS CORP.
3001 Redhill Avenue, Building #3 Costa Mesa, CA 92626 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 444-8730
Mr. David Ludwig AF 03-005 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | Active Optical Remote Sensing System for Ground Contamination Detection |
| Abstract: | This effort is to develop/demonstrate an active optical contamination technique for airborne platform. ISC concept is an active system that transmits spectral energy to the target area, and uses the spectral return to identify ground contaminants. The detection mechanism to be considered is DISC. ISC has conducted an analysis using DC 200 with a one-micron film thickness. Active LWIR showed superior performance when analyzing both active and passive concepts. ISC will utilize a SOA OSC, which accounts for background sources, atmospheric transmission, and uses measured material HDR, MR and BRDF to determine the differential radiance when SF96 is placed on surfaces. ISC, with Mundkowsky Consulting, can fulfill the objectives of the SBIR. We plan to confer with Dr. G. Louis Powell of Y-12 Complex, Oak Ridge, TN, on his contamination research. A system approach is mandatory to ensure that the components to be developed meet the requirements and can be field-tested with GFE in Phase II. For Phase I, ISC will conduct the tasks in Section 2.0. Completion of these tasks will satisfy objectives of Phase I. The program will provide background to develop the airborne contamination detection system heretofore unavailable, benefiting the Air Force and industry. The active sensor system developed under this topic could be applied to a range of planned commercial active remote sensing systems for both commercial, homeland defense and military applications. Potential commercial applications include remote sensing for various surface contamination, agricultural chemical coverage and mineral exploration purposes. |
| ALAMEDA APPLIED SCIENCES CORP.
2235 Polvorosa Avenue, Suite 230 San Leandro, CA 94577 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 483-4156
Dr. Michael McFarland AF 03-006 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | High-Energy Laser Coatings for Large, Lightweight, and Compliant Deployable Space Optics |
| Abstract: | Alameda Applied Sciences Corporation proposes to use its Filtered Cathodic Arc Plasma Deposition (FCAPD) process to apply reflective high-energy laser coatings to complaint polyamide substrates for space-based mirrors. FCAPD coatings have better adhesion and are denser and more stable than coatings deposited using other methods, such as, sputtering or evaporation. In addition, the internal stress of FCAPD films can be controlled, allowing the curvature of compliant mirror surfaces to be fine-tuned during deposition. It is anticipated that the FCAPD optical coatings will permit the use of large, collapsible, space-based mirrors for defense applications. In addition, FCAPD coatings will find commercial applications in energy efficient coatings for home windows, anti-reflective coatings for automotive and aircraft windows, wavelength division multiplexers, and heads-up displays for aircraft helmet visors. |
| MICROCHEM CORP.
1254 Chestnut St. Newton, MA 02464 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 965-5511
Dr. William Weber AF 03-006 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | High-Energy Laser Coatings for Large, Lightweight, and Compliant Deployable Space Optics |
| Abstract: | Material and process innovations for high-energy laser coatings on compliant polymer substrates are needed to improve the adhesion and survivability of space-based optical membranes. These reflective membranes consist of a dielectric coating stack of neobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) and silicon dioxide (SiO2 ) laminated to a fluorinated polyimide membrane. Two prevalent limitations of these coated membrane structures are the lack of adhesion of the dielectric coatings to the polyimide film and the space survivability. Adhesion loss can be caused by a mismatch of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the dielectric coating and the polyimide or the inability of the polyimide to withstand oxygen plasmas. MicroChem Corp. is proposing two new stable polymer membranes, which are compatible with current, dielectric coating technology and provide greater than 99.99% reflectance at a wavelength of 1.315um. The first polymer, OPI-N2005, is a new fluorinated polyimide, which is transparent at 1.315um and has a low, negative CTE, which practically eliminates the compressive stress created by dielectric coatings. The second polymer, SU-8, is an epoxy-novolak which has more than twice the resistance to degradation by radio frequency (RF) generated oxygen plasma as compared to polyimdes, which has been shown to accurately predict in-space durability. This technology has already been demonstrated to be a low cost alternative to wafer fabricated quartz in the production of band-pass filters for telecommunication waveguides and fiber optic connections. These dielectrically coated polyimide filters have survived stress tests which simulate the rigors of buried underground cables. Both the high-energy COIL [laser] and fiber optic telecommunications operate at the same wavelength of 1.315 um, which means that the same dielectric stack and production techniques can be applied. Reflective optics for space-based and tactical applications are commonly used in both Newtonian style telescope designs and for collimating coherent light sources. Lightweight and compliant, deployable space optics are often limited to coherent light sources because their structural support does not produce the needed wave front accuracy. However, it has been shown that membrane optics are capable of producing near-diffraction limited images. This means that compliant optics can penetrate both commercial and military markets that were previously reliant upon heavy, costly and slow-to-produce monolithic designs. This could allow compliant optics to be used for satellite imagery and other space-based communications applications. Many of the polymers to be tested in this Phase I research proposal have been originally designed for use in the telecommunications and electronics industries. It is therefore, reasonable to assume that improvements in the materials and processes for space-based applications can also be used in the same applications. Many of the polyimides and other polymers in these applications are not photoactive or photo-imageable, i.e., the coated optical membrane must be mechanically separated into many small elements for use. Converting these polymers into photo-crosslinakable polymers, like SU-8 would allow the use of light to pattern the filters and obviate the need for mechanical separation, such as dicing or other forms of cutting. Therefore, it is easy to re-incorporate the findings of this Phase I research directly back into the products for commercialization in their current applications. |
| SURFACE OPTICS CORP.
11555 Rancho Bernardo Road San Diego, CA 92127 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 675-7404
Mr. David Sheikh AF 03-006 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | Dual Band Mirror System on Flexible Membrane for High Energy Laser Applications |
| Abstract: | Emerging laser systems require defect-free coatings applied to flexible membrane optics in excess of 1-meter in diameter. Multilayer dielectric coatings have been developed to provide high reflectivity and very low absorption for high power laser beams. Surface Optics Corporation (SOC), in conjunction with SRS Technologies, propose to demonstrate a dual band mirror system applied to a CP1 polymeric membrane. The proposed innovation consists of an ultra-high reflectivity, narrow band, dielectric mirror on the front surface of the CP1 film and a wide band dielectric mirror on the backside of the substrate. The first surface mirror is designed to efficiently reflect the high energy laser (HEL), while the second surface mirror provides imaging capability in the visible or near IR band and high transmission at the HEL wavelength of interest. This design takes advantage of the fact that the two mirror systems do not interfere with each other when the substrate film thickness is significantly greater than the imaging wavelength. This innovation utilizes Surface Optics' ion-assisted deposition techniques and SRS Technologies' membrane casting technology. This technology will allow the creation of HEL coatings on large compliant substrates for many commercial and government applications. These applications include relay mirrors, space based laser systems, and large aperture telescopes. |
| FARR RESEARCH, INC.
614 Paseo Del Mar NE Albuquerque, NM 87123 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 293-3886
Dr. Everett G. Farr AF 03-007 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | A High-Voltage UWB Coupled-Line Directional Coupler |
| Abstract: | Ultra-Wideband (UWB) radar systems will be useful for remote target identification, especially when looking through foliage, rain, or soil. The current state of the art, however, requires two separate antennas, one each for transmit and receive. Because the space available for antennas is limited, it would be highly convenient to use a single antenna. We investigate here a number of technologies that, when combined, allow a single antenna to be used. The most immediate requirement is for a broadband, high-voltage directional coupler. A new class of directional coupler is proposed that is fabricated from two coupled parallel transmission lines. These couplers operate over two decades of bandwidth, and they can be designed to withstand very high voltages. Because directional couplers have a finite directivity, there is some signal leakage from the high-voltage source directly into the digitizer. This leakage can easily burn out the digitizer, so we propose using a combination of signal conditioning and limiters to reduce the spurious signal. Signal conditioning involves using a portion of the source signal to cancel out the spurious signal. Limiters may be based on either spark gaps or solid state devices. We will investigate the usefulness of both signal conditioners and limiters. This research will lead to a new high-voltage Ultra-Wideband directional coupler that will allow a single antenna to be used for both transmit and receive. A prototype design will be built and tested during Phase I. This research will also develop methods for reducing or limiting the spurious response in the receive channel using signal conditioning or limiters. |
| PRO-TECH
11 C Orchard Court Alamo, CA 94507 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(925) 552-0510
Dr. David V. Giri AF 03-007 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | High Power Short Pulse Transmit/Receive Isolation Device |
| Abstract: | Transient radars for target detection and identification have the requirement of the equivalent of a T/R switch used in conventional narrowband radars. The requirements for mono and bi-static radars are somewhat different. We have identified 4-port directional coupler comprising of coupled TEM transmission lines and a protective switch as necessary and adequate hardware for both bi and mono-static systems. The proposed Phase-I effort will accomplish the required electromagnetic analysis for the directional coupler and the design, fabrication and preliminary testing of a prototype protective switch. As part of the protective switch development in Phase-I, we plan to have the ability in our experiments to investigate the performance of different gasses, electrode materials and shapes. The switch recovery times become a critical parameter and will be the subject of our study in Phase-I. The development of the directional coupler will be the subject of Phase-II effort. The hardware developed in this effort will be designed for pulse parameters of (100 kV to 500 kV), (100 ps to 250 ps) and (2 ns to 6 ns duration). This hardware can also be easily adapted for lower voltage (~ 10 kV) applications. Such hardware makes mono-static transient radar systems possible which are assured of many industrial (e.g., detection of buried pipes etc)) and law-enforcement (e.g., seeing through walls) applications. |
| Q PEAK, INC.
135 South Road Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-9535
Dr. Kevin Wall AF 03-008 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | High-Beam-Quality, High-Average-Power Yb:YAG Lasers |
| Abstract: | Precision tracking of airborne targets, atmospheric sensing, and active imaging require high-average-power, high-beam-quality laser sources. We propose to address these requirements through the use of a side-pumped Yb:YAG laser where high beam quality is achieved by multi-passing the fundamental mode of the laser resonator several times through the gain region to effi-ciently extract the stored energy. The pump sources will be coupled to the Yb:YAG crystal using multimode fibers. This allows for flexibility in design and for the laser output power to be scaled to hundreds of watts by increasing the number of fibers pumping the crystal or the pump power in each fiber. In our proposed design, heat is removed from the laser crystal by direct contact to heat sinks; flowing liquid contacting the crystal is not required as it is in many high-average-power laser schemes, allowing the use of a variety of cooling schemes. Thermal lensing, which can cause aberration of the output beam, is kept low by spreading the heat load over a large area and minimizing the distance between the heat load and heat sinks. The use of Yb:YAG will also contribute to reduced thermal lensing due to its low quantum defect and high thermal conductivity. We anticipate that the lasers to be developed under this program would have wide applicability in laser machining and material processing. Specifically marking, drilling, cutting, welding, scribing, and ablation applications would benefit. Also, because of the high beam quality, harmonic conversion to other wavelengths for tailored laser machining applications would be very efficient. Military applications, where high beam quality illuminators are needed, would also be pursued. |
| SCIENCE & ENGINEERING SERVICES, INC.
4032 Blackburn Lane Burtonsville, MD 20866 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 989-1896
Dr. Viktor Fromzel AF 03-008 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | High Average Power Q-switched Diode-Pumped Yb:YAG Laser |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a compact, high-average-power, high-repetition-rate, Q-switched diode-pumped Yb:YAG laser for applications such as target illumination from airborne and ground based mobile platforms. An innovative double TIR laser-head design will be utilized to provide >150W of average power at high repetition rates (2 to 10 kHz), and TEM00 mode operation in all regimes. Strong, broad absorption bands of the Yb:YAG crystals allow pumping by efficient, robust, commercial, InGaAs laser diodes. The thermal load on the crystal is very low because of the small quantum deficit between the pump wavelength (940nm) and the laser output (1030nm). Diffraction limited laser beam (TEM00 mode), and stable Q-switched pulses of > 80mJ/pulse will be produced at 2kHz pulse repetition frequency (PRF) with a conversion efficiency of > 10%. At 10kHz PRF ~15mJ/pulse is expected with the same beam quality. The simple and compact configuration of the laser head along with high conversion efficiency and low thermal load will result in a small laser system suitable for airborne and mobile applications. In Phase I, a comprehensive design of the laser will be performed, and a bread-board high PRF Yb:YAG laser will be demonstrated. In Phase II a full scale prototype laser system will be developed. In addition to the military applications other anticipated commercial applications are for materials processing, lidar, remote sensing and detection, a high- average power source for efficient frequency conversion. |
| BOSTON MICROMACHINES COPORATION
108 Water Street Watertown, MA 02472 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 926-8796
Mr. Paul A. Bierden AF 03-009 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | Reflective spatial light modulator for high-dynamic-range wavefront control |
| Abstract: | Optical MEMS arrays have begun to transform the field of adaptive optics for astronomy, vision science, and laser communication. They are faster, more compact, less expensive, and more power efficient than alternative technologies. The principal technical objective of this Phase I project will be to build and demonstrate a 150 x 150 element micromachined spatial light modulator (æSLM) that can achieve high dynamic range, unprecedented frame rates, and precise wavefront-fitting. The device will be integrated directly on a CMOS driver chip, and will be controllable digitally through a personal computer. Fabricated using metal micromachining processes developed at Boston Micromachines Corporation, the æSLM will allow up to 1æm physical throw (2æm optical path difference) for each of the 22,500 mirror pixels at 4 kHz frame rate. Challenges associated with design, process development, fabrication and testing will be addressed in Phase I research. In Phase II, megapixel devices (~200 mm diameter) will be produced using the same device architecture. If successful, the Phase I research project will yield a high-speed, reflective spatial light modulator with 22,500 independent pixels, 4-bit phase resolution, and 4 kHz frame rate. It will be usable over a range of wavelengths from 400 nm to 2 æm. If controlled using modulo-lambda phase wrapping, this device will be capable of correcting tens of waves of optical path difference across its 15 mm aperture. The device architecture will be fully scalable, taking advantage of sequentially processed, vertically integrated arrays of CMOS electronics, MEMS electromechanical actuators, and optical-quality MEMS micromirrors. This architecture will enable a generation of new devices for phase and amplitude modulation. Moreover, the fabrication technology developed ? low temperature metal MEMS surface micromachining to optical tolerances ? will provide a foundation upon which other active optical components could be developed. Boston Micromachines Corporation has commercialized the world?s highest quality deformable mirror devices, and has established strategic partnerships with several leading developers of adaptive optics technology in the application areas of vision science, astronomy, and laser communication. The æSLM takes advantage of key drivers for successful MEMS commerce, leveraging our existing products with a timely and important complementary product in the field of optical wavefront control. |
| INTELLITE
1717 Louisiana, NE Suite 202 Albuquerque, NM 87110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 268-4742
Mr. Dennis Mansell AF 03-009 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | Spatially Modulated Reflective Membranes for High-Dynamic-Range Wavefront Control |
| Abstract: | Diffractive wavefront control has been demonstrated as a viable technique for high-dynamic-range laser wavefront control. Unfortunately, most conventional programmable diffractive elements, like liquid crystals and segmented mirror arrays, are damaged when illuminated with high-power laser light. The proposed work would investigate approaches for scaling membrane deformable mirrors to provide high-energy laser wavefront control with a large number of actuators. Success in developing this technology will provide the foundation to develop and market simpler, cheaper deformable mirrors for a variety of military and commercial applications. Government agencies that could utilize this technology include not only the DOD programs, but also NASA, the new Department of Homeland Security, and the NRO. Commercial applications in the fields of medical instruments, astronomy, photography, and optical equipment can also be expected. |
| OPTRON SYSTEMS, INC.
3 Preston Court, Suite 130 Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-3100
Dr. Xingtao Wu AF 03-009 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | Large-Area High Dynamic Range Monolithic Membrane Mirror Technology |
| Abstract: | Applications in laser communication and high-power laser weapons could benefit significantly from the availability of a high dynamic range, large-area wavefront corrector. Deformable mirrors are often the key and performance-limiting components in such systems. High-speed, low-cost, low-weight, and compactness are also requirements for space- and air-borne systems. This Phase I program will design fabricate and test technologies and concepts that could lead to a large area, high-dynamic range, monolithic, deformable, thin-film MEMS-actuator-driven spatial light modulating mirror. The modulator will be built atop a tiled array of VLSI driver chips. The Phase I will investigate the fabrication of tileable chips with corrector elements on a 1 mm pitch and a monolithic mirror reflector over the actuators. Electrical addressing of a tiled array will be a major focus of the Phase I study. The Phase I will also focus on designs that will lead to large stroke (~10d radians at near infrared wavelengths), high speed (100 s pixel response speed) and on developing suitable electrostatic MEMS actuators and high-voltage VLSI driver chips. In the Phase II program a 28.7cm x 28.7 cm device will be fabricated by tiling four 5.6-inch square devices to demonstrate scalability of the concept. The proposed modulator is expected to offer large phase dynamic range (large stroke), low-voltage and low power operation, low weight, scalability to millions of actuators, fast rise time (100 microseconds), electrically-independent actuators, excellent surface figure, high laser power damage threshold, and low manufacturing cost. Commercial applications of the resulting MEMS phase modulator and its intensity counterpart include (1) large-screen projection displays, (2) low-cost wavefront correctors (such as retinal imagers and supernormal human vision systems) for the commercial and amateur astronomy markets, (3) low-cost mirror shutters for general-purpose use, and for applications in laser radar and printing, and (4) spatial light modulators for optical signal processing applications. |
| FIRST RF CORP.
1200 28th Street, Suite 302 Boulder, CO 80303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 449-5211
Mr. Farzin Lalezari AF 03-010 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | Narrow Band High Power Antennas for Airborne Platforms |
| Abstract: | A novel approach is proposed that satisfies all critical system requirements. The design is based on modification of a waveguide radiating element using high dielectric strength materials. The radiating element design is compatible with a range of high dielectric strength materials. The element exhibits very high overall aperture efficiency (in excess of 98%) with minimal dissipative losses in the order of .1 dB. It will be shown that the design is compatible with several high strength dielectric materials. A robust plan to manufacture the antenna is presented that takes into account manufacturing of the final article that needs to conform to the host vehicle. Based on the past success and studies done in support of preparation for this proposal we believe the overall approach is sound and the risk is reasonable for execution of the program and carrying through to phase 2 and ultimately an implemented production program is low. Broadband, conformal, high power antennas have direct application to EW platforms and electronic attack missions. The technology will directly support a number of ongoing DOD acquisition programs, including weapons and manned/unmanned aircraft. On the civilian side the need for broadband high power communications exists and the technology will resolve key issues. Commercial benefits include high data rate transfer from mobile platforms, both air and ground. |
| SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS & RESEARCH ASSOC., INC.
15261 Connector Lane Huntington Beach, CA 92649 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 903-1000
Dr. Robert Koslover AF 03-010 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | Twistreflector Antennas for Airborne HPM Applications |
| Abstract: | Throughout the last half-century, microwave antennas employing various combinations of polarization-dependent and polarization-transforming elements have been conceived, designed, patented, characterized, manufactured, sold, and praised for their compactness, beam-steerability, and other desirable features. However, these versatile antennas have only recently received attention within the HPM community. These aptly-named "transreflectors" and "twistreflectors" are actually well-suited to HPM directed energy applications. Leveraging this technology since late 1999, under Phase I and II SBIR sponsorship by the US Army/ARL, SARA has designed, validated, patented, and is now completing construction of a truck-mountable, rapidly and widely-steerable, high-gain (~30dB), L-band HPM antenna, for delivery to ARL in mid 2003. This is the first ever HPM antenna to support dynamic engagements of arbitrarily moving targets. No equivalent capability exists anywhere else. SARA's completed design is already adaptable, with modest scaling, to a large piloted aircraft, such as a B-1. However, for UCAVs and other small aircraft, additional R&D is needed to achieve shallower-depth, yet still widely-steerable antennas. Interestingly, flatter non-steerable varieties of twistreflectors show promise for application to omni-azimuthal radiating, HPM-based munitions. We propose here several specific new advances in combining twistreflector, transreflector, and HPM power routing technologies to help bring airborne HPM applications to reality. The proposed technology is intended primarily for military applications of airborne HPM-based directed energy weapons. However, commercial/law enforcement use as an airborne, non-lethal, vehicle-stopper is also anticipated. |
| VOSS SCIENTIFIC
418 Washington St., S.E. Albuquerque, NM 87108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 255-4201
Dr. Clifton Courtney AF 03-010 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | Narrow Band High Power Antennas for Airborne Platforms |
| Abstract: | For two decades the US AFRL, and predecessors, have vigorously pursued development of High Power Microwave (HPM) generators. Less effort has been expended to develop compatible high power-capable antennas, though the recent DE-ATAC study identified antennas as a top priority in HPM DE research. We propose a concentrated study to validate and develop four Voss Scientific HPM antenna concepts for air platforms; two concepts are applicable to fundamental mode rectangular waveguide, and two are compatible with TM01 mode driven circular waveguide. The concepts for fundamental mode waveguide are: (1) the extremely large-slot, slotted waveguide array antenna, and (2) the split-guide, waveguide antenna. The concepts for circular waveguide are: (3) the Coaxial Beam-Rotating Lens antenna for circular apertures, and (4) the hybrid Vlasov-terminated / large-slot, traveling wave array antenna. In Phase I we will conduct first-order designs and rigorous FDTD simulations of each concept. Also, using estimated field emission thresholds, surface flashover, and air break downscaling factors, we will estimate the power capacity of each concept to show high power viability. Finally, working with our program partner, Boeing Corporation, we will show that the proposed concepts are compatible with specific air platforms. This effort will culminate in the development of high power-capable antenna(s), with an ultimate demonstration of radiated fields from a 1-GW HPM source. In addition, these antenna technologies, and associated HPM system components, will show feasibility with an air platform. Also, the antenna(s) developed for this effort can be used for HPM effects testing experiments at GW power levels, with polarization diversity. Commercial applications for HPM antennas include their use in space to beam converted solar to RF energy back to earth for commercial power consumption, as part of HPM systems for commercial aircraft self defense, and systems currently being studied to stop vehicles in a non-lethal manner. |
| ACULIGHT CORP.
11805 North Creek Parkway S., Suite 113 Bothell, WA 98011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 482-1100
Mr. Chuck Miyake AF 03-011 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | High Power Mid-Infrared (2-10 Micron) Diode Laser Development |
| Abstract: | Advanced IRCM lasers and systems, currently in development, require mid-infrared semiconductor lasers with very non-standard design parameters. The proposed effort will investigate the performance of commercially grown GaSb based materials and optimize their performance for use in unique laser transmitter designs, which will be directly traceable to future IRCM systems. The proposed mid-infrared laser technology has potential applications in spectroscopic gas sensing systems for environmental monitoring, explosive detection and industrial process monitoring sensors. |
| RJM SEMICONDUCTOR, L.L.C.
10 Summit Ave., Building 3 Berkeley Heights, NJ 07922 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(908) 790-9000
Dr. Roger J. Malik AF 03-011 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | High Power Mid-Infrared Quantum Cascade Lasers |
| Abstract: | RJM Semiconductor with subcontract support from University of Connecticut proposes to develop tunable high power mid-infrared Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCLs) over the 2-10mm wavelength range. These QCL sources have important applications in spectroscopic sensing of chemical weapons and explosives and also can be used in secure free-space optical communications links and infrared countermeasures. We plan to utilize an innovative active region design which uses double-phonon resonance for better high temperature continuous wave (CW) performance and an integrated thermoelectric controller and multi-section architecture in order to fabricate lasers with continuous tunability. This combined with a new distributed feedback laser design would enable us to achieve tunable lasers with narrow linewidths. The Phase I tasks include: (1) modeling of the band structure and tuning characteristics of QCLs, (2) Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) growth and materials characterization of AlInAs/InGaAs/InP laser structures, (3) fabrication and measurements of the optical spectra and tunability of QCLs, and (4) design of tunable high power QCLs based upon Bragg gratings and integrated thermo-electric heaters. For Phase II, tunable high power QCLs would be developed and characterized as deliverables. Improvements in emission power, laser operating temperatures, tuning range, and modulation speed would be achieved in Phase II using novel laser design, improved heat-sink packaging, and power combining methods for laser arrays. There exists an urgent need to develop trace gas sensors for detection of chemical weapons and explosives for military and homeland security applications. Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy at specific wavelengths in the 2-10mm range has been demonstrated to provide sensitive (parts per billion) detection of chemical molecules in the atmosphere. The development of high sensitivity, low-cost QCL chemical sensors would have wide ranging applications for military and homeland security forces. The QCL-based chemical weapons sensors could be used by ground troops in hostile environments and for airborne surveillance of the battlefield. Police forces could use these chemical weapons sensors to monitor potential terrorist targets. Airport security agents could use these chemical sensors for passenger and luggage screening. Customs agents could use these chemical sensors at ports-of-entry to detect explosives and narcotics. Also large potential commercial markets exist for environmental/industrial chemical sensing of power plant and automotive emissions and chemical waste effluent from factories. The total potential markets for QCL-based chemical sensors are estimated to exceed $100M annually by 2007. |
| BODKIN DESIGN & ENGINEERING
P.O. Box 81176 Wellesley, MA 02481 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 235-6351
Mr. Andrew Bodkin AF 03-015 Awarded: 7/2/2003 |
| Title: | Innovative Measurement Techniques for Space-Based Remote Sensing/Standoff Detection |
| Abstract: | Hyperspectral imaging has been recognized as an important tool for remote reconnaissance. It can identify targets by their pixel spectral content in addition to their spatial characteristic. This is important when the targets are too small to be spatially resolved, or are partially obscured by vegetation, or the targets can only be identified by their spectral signature, such as poison gas clouds. We propose to build an innovative hyperspectral camera suitable for use in satellite born instrumentation. Unlike other approaches this device captures both the spectral information and the spatial information in one simultaneous frame. (In contrast, a spectrograph-based imager would capture the full spectrum of a single spatial line of data at a time and a Fabry-Perot based device would capture a 2D image in a single spectral band at a time). The resulting instrument will have no moving parts and provide high resolution spectra in a compact, ruggedized, packaged. High resolution hyperspectral imagery is a key element in the developing fields of autonomous military target identification, countering camouflage concealment and deception, friend or foe determination, chemical warfare defense and homeland security. Additionally, it finds application in geologic mapping, biological research, medical imaging, cancer scanning and in clinical instrumentation. Our highly sensitive approach, will make hyperspectral imaging available for all these application, in a simple, low-cost, robust package. |
| TECHNICAL RESEARCH ASSOC., INC.
760 Las Posas Rd., Suite A-4 Camarillo, CA 93010 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 987-1972
Dr. Edwin M. Winter AF 03-015 Awarded: 7/3/2003 |
| Title: | Innovative Measurement Techniques for Space-Based Remote Sensing/Standoff Detection |
| Abstract: | The resolution of hyperspectral sensors is typically much less than that achieved by panchromatic and multi-spectral sensors due to fundamental noise limitations. The proposed work will demonstrate a new and innovative technique based on linear unmixing, called Color Sharpening, which combines a set of high-resolution multi-spectral images with a lower spatial resolution hyperspectral image to produce a product that has the spectral properties of the hyperspectral image at a spatial resolution approaching that of the high resolution data. With the Color Sharpening approach, there is the potential for a new dual multi-spectral/hyperspectral data collection system for cost-effective space based spectral sensing Under Phase I, the algorithm will be developed further to improve the target detection performance and improve its computer implementation. A series of analyses will compare the candidate approach to current conventional panchromatic sharpening and to unsharpened data. To accomplish this, high resolution multi-spectral data will be combined with lower hyperspectral data using high quality registration. The new approach will be assessed in terms of object-to-background contrast enhancement and/or clutter suppression, classification accuracy as well as for accuracy and speed. Potential methods to apply the new technology to military and commercial applications will be investigated. Hyperspectral imaging systems are assuming a greater importance for a wide variety of commercial and military systems. The reason for this increased interest is the fact that a hyperspectral sensor of a given spatial resolution or pixel size will reveal information on the scene that can not be obtained by single band or multi-spectral sensors. For commercial geological remote sensing, the spectral properties of the surface will tell the existence of minerals of potential commercial value. For military surveillance systems, a hyperspectral system can often be used to detect and identify a military target, even though the target may occupy less than a single pixel. The ability of the hyperspectral sensor to behave as a sensor with higher spatial resolution does not mean that there is not a place for high-resolution imagery. In fact, many operational and planned hyperspectral sensors are coupled with a high-resolution instrument. There are many applications for a technology that can optimally combine the data from these two types of sensors. An existing procedure often called ?sharpening? combines the output of the analysis of the hyperspectral data with the high-resolution image. The proposed procedure allows the combination of multi-spectral with lower hyperspectral data using a physical model to optimally combine the data . There are two military applications: target detection and scene classification. Target detection requires high spatial resolution, which is difficult to achieve from space. This approach offers a possible solution for a satellite based sensor. For the scene classification application, which is used for terrain trafficability, crop assessment, damage assessment, detection of non-isolated ?target? materials, as well as intelligence, the development of image products with the properties of both sensors will aid the work of the Image Analyst. There are multiple potential uses for this technology in the commercial domain. Satellite hyperspectral remote sensing products are limited in spatial resolution by the constraints of a space-based optical system and the great range to the scene. TRA is already talking to the commercial companies involved in the Hyperion and NEMO satellite systems. The processing requirement is very important here and our program plan includes determining hardware and software solutions to the processing problem. The market timing for this effort is ideal because candidate hyperspectral satellite sensors are currently being studied for classification and detection uses by the military and intelligence communities. This proposed program represents a key opportunity to develop a new technology with high likelihood potential for commercial success that also has high promise for the United States military. |
| ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH TECHNOLOGIES
1320 Pearl Street, Suite 108 Boulder, CO 80302 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 449-4129
Dr. Boris Khattatov AF 03-016 Awarded: 7/3/2003 |
| Title: | Long-term Ionospheric Forecasting System |
| Abstract: | The objective of the proposed effort is to investigate the feasibility of an end-to-end global long-term ionospheric forecast model based on a fusion of several diverse technologies and to develop the related probability density function evolution formalism to characterize the forecast quality. In order to meet the stated goal of a 3-day forecast one has to address the complete chain of events starting from highly unpredictable changes in solar conditions to changes in the ionosphere. Ideally, the system would consist of several physics-based models, a sufficient number of observational data streams and a data assimilation system that provides for computing error covariance evolution. Presently, an end-to-end first-principles based assimilative system is impossible. We propose a practical system based on a synthesis of several different technologies: (1) an artificial intelligence algorithm known as Support Vector Machines for predicting changes in solar wind from time sequences of solar images; (2) an empirical model of the high-latitude electric field potentials; and (3) a physics-based ionospheric model coupled with efficient Kalman filter for forecasting the final ionospheric parameters of interest. Additionally, we propose a prototype error propagation scheme for computing evolution of forecast probability density functions starting from errors of representativeness in the synoptic solar images to uncertainties in the final forecast. Improvements in space weather modeling and forecasting will be of immediate use for a number of practical military and civilian applications, particularly in satellite-based communications and navigation. Our commercialization strategy is based on the fact that contemporary space weather models are not capable of generating precise forecasts for use by those industries where solar and Ionospheric affects disrupt operations in a costly manner. At the same time, given our reliance and dependency on satellite and wireless communications such forecasts are of considerable interest to the private sector and the military to allow for operational planning instead of emergency reaction. In the private sector potential clients include: companies in satellite-based navigation (GPS industry); satellite-based communications, including high band width requirements and mission critical applications; cellular communications companies; power distribution concerns; and research institutions. Development of a physics-based ionospheric forecast system will address these needs and open up radically new commercial and military applications. To further substantiate commercial application of this technology we have established relationships in the commercial sector with major GPS service companies, confirmed by the enclosed letters of interest. |
| SPACE ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGIES
1676 Palisades Dr. Pacific Palisades, CA 90272 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 573-4185
Dr. W. Kent Tobiska AF 03-016 Awarded: 6/27/2003 |
| Title: | An Operational Ionospheric Forecast System |
| Abstract: | This project will provide a prototype operational ionospheric forecast system based on the GAIM data assimilation ionospheric model and driven by the best operational models currently available. This system is the type envisioned by the National Space Weather Program. Its development represents a major advance in space weather operational systems for ionospheric forecasting. The system architecture combines physics-based and empirical models specifying the 4-D global conditions to provide global-to-local characterizations, at all latitudes, longitudes, and altitudes, with recent history, current epoch, and forecast out to 72 hours, of ionospheric and neutral density profiles, total electron content, plasma drifts, neutral winds, and temperatures. The prototype will be demonstrated at 10-minutely cadences for communications, GPS navigation, radar surveillance, and geolocation users. The system architecture is designed for operational reliability and robustness with quantifiable uncertainties. There are two modes of operation: a modified turn-key system with a central server at one geographical location and a distributed network system consisting of a database server that exchanges files between models running asynchronously on separate servers. Testing of the Phase II prototype will document ionospheric parameters' accuracy, precision, and error with established metrics, comparative data, and exercised under operational conditions with quality control. The team behind this proposal intends to commercialize this operational ionospheric forecast system. A plan for commercialization includes industry and market analysis, competitor analysis, product analysis, customer modification planning, partnership agreements, and system/product deliveries. The system will be a foundation for servicing ground, aeronautical, and space systems via coupled models. Capabilities that will be improved through use of this operational ionospheric forecast system include aircraft deployment and logistics. The system can substantially strengthen force projection at any given time with rapid ingress to any global location, e.g., a navigation and HF communication capability made possible by significantly improved ionospheric specification. It will enable new classes of missions, particularly those that require either shorter travel times from the continental U.S. to other hemisphere locations or higher accuracy single frequency GPS location knowledge. It will provide the technical knowledge to deny situational awareness to parties who may be using GPS single frequency devices. This proposed system will permit expanded UAV flight regimes capabilities in polar, mid-, and low-latitudes. It will also provide a platform for seamless integration of SBIRS Low TEC occultation data as well as C/NOFS ionospheric irregularities and scintillation data. |
| ENVIRONMENTAL AEROSCIENCE CORP.
7290 SW 42 Street Miami, FL 33155 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(305) 267-7588
Ms. Debbie Sifford AF 03-018 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | The Mu-LV Small Vehicle Launch Vehicle |
| Abstract: | The Mu-LV Small Launch Vehicle employs hybrid propulsion technology to create a cost effective and operationally responsive system. During the proposed effort a refined system design will be completed and extensively analyzed and traded to optimize the overall vehicle. The project ends with a static firing of a hybrid booster to demonstrate the feasibility of the technical concept. The benefits the will result from the Mu-LV Small Launch Vehicle technology project include lower launch costs and a highly responsive operational spacelift vehicle. It is expected that the technology will be commercialized in the civilian sector. |
| GARVEY SPACECRAFT CORP.
15641 Product Lane, Unit A5 Huntington Beach, CA 92649 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 903-6086
Mr. John M. Garvey AF 03-018 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | An Incremental Approach to Small Launch Vehicle Technology Development |
| Abstract: | The implementation of small satellite architectures and satellite micro-miniaturization technologies has been inhibited due to the lack of responsive, cost-effective, user-friendly Spacelift solutions that specifically address this market. New technologies, including some of those being developed for small satellites, and modern business practices now make it possible to develop a commercially-viable Small Launch Vehicle (SLV). A key technical step is introduction and validation of these new technologies and services, many of which are intended to achieve cost reduction as opposed to vehicle performance enhancements. On the business side, an incremental approach based on a series of sustainable market niches is critical to overcoming the large up-front R&D investment that is characteristic of traditional launch vehicle development programs. The proposed Phase I study will refine a previously-defined path for developing a prototype suborbital test vehicle that takes advantage of an on-going SLV project that has already achieved several important milestones in this area. The ability to conduct frequent flight tests, with short, responsive lead times and for very low cost, is already attracting members of the small satellite and SLV communities who seek to get their hardware out of the lab and into flight. The same technology risk mitigation capability can play an important role in providing near-term opportunities for evaluating promising launch vehicle technologies identified during the Phase I study. Upon validation, such technologies would enable even further improvements in responsiveness, cost and vehicle performance. One specific project objective is an enhanced suborbital vehicle that can routinely reach altitudes exceeding 100 km. This system, which would be at least partially reusable, would represent a magnitude increase in performance over the existing vehicle design that is now serving the domestic academic market. A fundamental goal is to achieve such improvements while retaining existing costs and operational practices. |
| NANOSONIC, INC.
P.O. Box 618 Christiansburg, VA 24068 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 953-1785
Mr. Kevin Farinholt AF 03-018 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | Active-Passive Acoustic Absorber for the Scorpius Launch Vehicle |
| Abstract: | We propose to build and test an active-passive acoustic absorber for the Scorpius(TM) launch vehicle. The absorber is designed to couple into the first few acoustic modes of the payload fairing cavity. Mechanical designs are tuned to the lowest frequency mode and the higher-frequency modes are attenuated with feedback control. Suppression of the first few acoustic modes will reduce the sound pressure level inside the fairing cavity and reduce the vibroacoustic loading on the payload. Previous work by the proposing firm and their subcontractor (Boeing-SVS of Albuquerque, NM) has shown that a 4 db to 8 dB reduction in overall sound pressure level below 300 Hz can be achieved with dissipative feedback. The acoustic dissipation is maximized through an automated tuning algorithm that identified the resonant modes of the cavity and automatically tunes the control parameters to maximize damping. Tasks associated with this work are (1) mechanical design of the absorber housed in the Scorpius (TM) launch vehicle, (2) design of control and power electronics, and (3) system integration and delivery for acceptance testing. Although this Phase I schedule is aggressive, the chance of demonstrating feasibility is maximized by using a previous design as the baseline forth Scorpius(TM) absorber. Opportunities in the commercialization of active-passive absorber technology exist in the small, medium, and large launch vehicle market. Feasibility demonstration in Phase I will lead to the development of a modular absorber system that can be incorporated as an add-on into future Scorpius and Minotaur platforms. We will pursue agreements with Orbital Science Corporation (the integrator of Minotaur) for the Phase II development. Applications to larger launch vehicle platforms will be pursued in collaboration with Boeing through our partnership with Boeing-SVS. |
| ORBITAL TECHNOLOGIES CORP.(ORBITEC)
Space Center, 1212 Fourier Drive Madison, WI 53717 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(608) 827-5000
Dr. Martin J. Chiaverini AF 03-018 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | Advanced Vortex Hybrid Propulsion System (AVHPS) |
| Abstract: | ORBITEC proposes to develop an Advanced Vortex Hybrid Propulsion System (AVHPS) to meet the demands of highly-reliable, low-cost propulsion systems for small launch vehicles. The benefits of the AVHPS result from the combination of ORBITEC's patented vortex injection technique and high-regression rate solid fuels. The AVHPS will provide for high volumetric loading and energy density, high combustion efficiency, reliable system performance, safe storage and deployment, and low cost. The Phase I work includes launch vehicle conceptual designs and trade studies, modifications to an existing thrust chamber assembly, fuel burning characterization under the vortex combustion scheme, throttling and mixture ratio control tests, empirical regression rate and combustion efficiency correlation development, technical risk identification and management, and Phase II thrust chamber design and test plan. This technology aims to improve propulsion system performance, reliability, and reduce costs associated with small launch vehicle propulsion systems. The end product of the overall research and development program will also have application to sounding rockets, reusable and expendable launch vehicles, and upper stage propulsion systems for orbit-insertion. Near-term military applications include: boost-phase interceptors, high-speed and/or high altitude target drones, cruise missile propulsion, and forward observation craft propulsion. Military orbit transfer propulsion systems and satellite maneuvering propulsion systems can also benefit from this technology. This technology is closely related to ORBITEC's vortex combustion cold-wall (VCCW) chamber technology for liquid bi-propellant applications, and has the potential to dramatically improve liquid rocket and RBCC lifetime, reusability, and thrust-to-weight ratio. Future generation launch vehicles can benefit from these technologies. In addition to these applications, this new type of vortex combustion may have significant industrial benefits. For example, many classes of air-fired combustors can use the vortex combustion technology for improved combustion efficiency and potentially reduced emissions. |
| SPACEDEV
13855 Stowe Drive Poway, CA 92064 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 375-2060
Mr. Frank L. Macklin, P.E. AF 03-018 Awarded: 7/9/2003 |
| Title: | Small Vehicle Launch Technology |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to develop innovative Small Launch Vehicle (SLV) technologies that provide responsive, cost effective solutions for Small Satellites. SpaceDev has identified several emergent technologies that have the potential to produce significant advancements in SLV responsiveness, cost, performance and safety. SpaceDev proposes to develop a baseline SLV vehicle concept that uses both hybrid and Lox/RP1 propulsion systems to their best advantage. Because of hybrid propulsion's inherent low cost, technologies to increase its mass fraction and performance without sacrificing low system cost are proposed. Our concept is based on multiple incremental improvements resulting in a low risk approach that has a high payoff. It leads to scalable, affordable propulsion systems that have many potential applications beyond a new SLV. We intend to leverage Schafer/AFRL's investment in Lox/RP1 engine manufacturing technology to both hybrid and Lox/RP1 propulsion. The SpaceDev Phase I project will define a baseline SLV to identify innovative solutions and enable trade-offs of performance versus cost. We will also define hardware technologies for reducing vehicle flight-control-systems cost. SpaceDev will prepare an improved conceptual design of its sub-orbital rocket to incorporate the new baseline SLV high-payoff technologies, and a Phase II plan for cost-risk mitigation testing. This project will define propulsion technologies and systems technologies that will enable the rapid and inexpensive development of an affordable, dependable small satellite launch system. This rocket technology has numerous commercial and military applications including launch-vehicle main stages, strap-ons, and upper stages to place small payloads into Low Earth Orbit (LEO); providing safe, low-cost reusable rocket engines for sub-orbital manned space planes, air lau |