| FUNCTIONAL COATING TECHNOLOGY, LLC.
1801 Maple Ave. suite 5320 Evanston, IL 60201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(847) 903-2378
Dr. Yi Jiang MDA 04-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Power Density Regenerative Integrated Solid Oxide Fuel Cell |
| Abstract: | Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) have several fundamental advantages over low temperature fuel cells for potential applications as power storage systems used at high altitudes or in space. These advantages include high power density, high hydrogen production rate, high round-trip efficiency, and long life-cycle. These advantages can lead to a substantially smaller (both weight and volume) system compared with the current regenerative power storage technology based on polymer membrane electrolyte fuel cells. We have recently demonstrated that our high-performance SOFCs work very well in both fuel cell and electrolysis modes. The proposed work is to develop high power density regenerative solid oxide fuel cells based on a novel stack design and using modified SOFC electrodes. The novel design combines the key advantages of both tubular and planar SOFCs, thus potentially allowing for development of simple robust regenerative solid oxide fuel cell systems that can produce pressurized hydrogen and oxygen. |
| STRUCTURED MATERIALS INDUSTRIES
Suite 102, 201 Circle Drive North Piscataway, NJ 08854 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 302-9274
Dr. Nick M. Sbrockey MDA 04-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Laser Based Wireless Power Transmission System for High Altitude Airships |
| Abstract: | Structured Materials Industries, Inc. (SMI) proposes to develop a wireless power transmission system for the high altitude airship. The system will use a ground-based high power laser and photovoltaic receivers on the airship. Wireless power transmission has the potential for highly reliable, light weight power delivery to the airship. Power densities greater than 10 kilowatts per kilogram are possible. The wireless power transmission system could provide supplemental power to the airship during periods of high power demand or limited solar power availability. In this SBIR Phase I effort, we will work with the HAA prime contractors to demonstrate technical feasibility of the power transmission system. We will establish the system specifications and design a first generation prototype. In Phase II, we will build, test and deliver a wireless power transmission prototype, which can be mounted on a high altitude airship. In Phase III, we will supply wireless power transmission systems for the HAA as well as other military and space applications. |
| US NANOCORP, INC.
74 Batterson Park Road Farmington, CT 06032 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 678-7561
Dr. Jinxiang Dai MDA 04-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Li-Air Cells with Ensured Safety and Prolonged Shelf-Life Using an Oxygen Selective Membrane Cathode |
| Abstract: | High performance lightweight energy production and storage technologies are needed to supplement or service as the primary power systems for high altitude airships in order to sustain long-term flight schedules. To address MDA~{!/~}s needs, US Nanocorp proposes to demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating a Li-air battery with a special air electrode for lightweight power source application with ensured safety and prolonged service time. Li-air batteries utilizing a non-aqueous electrolyte are capable of delivering extremely high energy, in excess of 3500 Wh/kg based on the mass of the carbon content of the air electrode. However, safety and cycle-life problems limit the application of the Li-air system. The basic causes of safety and cycle-life problems are from moisture attacking on lithium anode and nonaqueous electrolytes. US Nanocorp~{!/~}s solution to these problems is to use an oxygen selective membrane (~{!0~}OSM~{!1~}) permeable to oxygen but impermeable to moisture in air. This OSM will substitute the air diffusion layer as an oxygen accessing element in an air cathode, being totally resistant to moisture diffusion and allow electrolyte and lithium metal anode to be free of attacking from moisture in air. This Li-air battery system can be further developed into both military and civilian applications. |
| GINER, INC.
89 Rumford Avenue Newton, MA 02466 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 529-0536
Mr. Matthew Steinbroner MDA 04-002 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High-Pressure, Fuel Cell Flow-Field Design Solution for High-Altitude Airships (HAA) |
| Abstract: | The overall objective of the Phase I program is the design of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell flow field amenable to water ejection from the active area of a fuel cell operating at elevated pressures. Elevated-pressure operation of hydrogen / oxygen fuel cells has many potential benefits for round-trip efficiency and energy utilization in applications such as high-altitude airships. Flow fields for hydrogen / oxygen fuel cells have not been designed for water management in an elevated-pressure operation regime, and design of this type of flow field has the possibility of generating more efficient and lighter weight regenerative fuel cell systems. In Phase I, the effectiveness of a flow field designed specifically for a hydrogen / oxygen proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) for high-pressure (400 psi) operation will be demonstrated. |
| SYSTEMS & PROCESSES ENGINEERING COR
101 West Sixth Street, Suite 200 Austin, TX 78701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 479-7732
Dr. Burt Fowler MDA 04-002 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Altitude Airship Rechargeable MEMS Fuel Cell |
| Abstract: | SPEC offers lightweight, compact MEMS fuel cell for regenerative energy storage applications in HAA station keeping and operation above 65,000 feet MSL. More than one modular 10 KW unit is envisioned for the HAA. Modular unit provides 10KW at high efficiency, 60 KW peak in fuel cell mode, and absorbs 14 KW at high efficiency , 100 KW peak operation in electrolyzer mode. Innovative MEMS fuel cell backing plate approach gives stack sizes 10x smaller (210Y/cell) than traditional PEM fuel cells allowing proportional savings in weight per cell area. Lightweight per cell area supports optimal system weight savings (5 to 10x the fuel cell weight) through increased operational efficiency (area) trades for solar panel and fuel weight. Precision MEMS approach allows precise liquid/air interface control giving PEM hydration control in both fuel cell and electrolyzer modes for maximum efficiency and power output. Precise liquid/air interface and distribution eliminates auxiliary equipment and control systems. Integral nanotube catalyst support, grown on MEMS plates, gives minimal heat and electrical impedance, maximizing power output capability and efficiency. MEMS backing plates replace the flow field plate, gas diffusion layer and catalyst support with precision micro feature control and high producability of semiconductor processing. |
| TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT, INC.
9718 Lake Shore Blvd. Cleveland, OH 44108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(440) 995-9500
Dr. Robert C. Ruhl MDA 04-002 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Weight-Reduced Regenerative Fuel Cell Solutions for High Altitude Airships (HAA) |
| Abstract: | High altitude airships (HAA) are viewed as an important potential strategic tool for improving homeland security. HAAs would provide long-term, high altitude stationary platforms for surveillance, telecommunications, and other functions. To supplement photovoltaic arrays, which can provide power during the daylight hours, energy storage is necessary for nighttime operation of the on-board mission loads, hotel loads, and propulsion systems. Technology Management, Inc. (TMI) proposes to investigate and then develop a lighter, more efficient regenerative fuel cell energy storage system based on TMI's reversible solid oxide fuel cell/electrolyzer technology. |
| CORNERSTONE RESEARCH GROUP, INC.
2750 Indian Ripple Road Dayton, OH 45440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 320-1877
Mr. Greg A. Karst MDA 04-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Novel Encapsulation Coatings for Thin Film Photovoltaics |
| Abstract: | Cornerstone Research Group (CRG) proposes to develop and evaluate a novel encapsulation coating that protects thin film photovoltaic (PV) cells for the High Altitude Airship (HAA). The High Altitude Airship (HAA) is an unmanned, powered airship that is currently being developed to maintain a relative geostationary position at 65,000-70,000 feet. It is powered by regenerative fuel cells coupled with thin film PV or solar cells. These next-generation power generators will allow the HAA to stay on station for months or years at a time. Current state-of-the-art thin film PV cells need to be protected from the harsh conditions of the atmosphere in which the HAA operates. CRG proposes to develop a protective coating that will encapsulate the PV cells and protect them from atomic oxygen, ozone, and UV radiation degradation, while maintaining the efficiency of the PV cell. CRG's demonstrated expertise in materials and fabrication process technologies presents MDA with the opportunity to obtain a revolutionary improvement in photovoltaics. The combination of our experience in application-based optics and polymer research offers a unique combination of skills and experience to solve this problem. Lockheed Martin Naval Electronics & Surveillance Systems-Akron and Uni-Solar support CRG's innovative approach to addressing the needs of the HAA. |
| HELIOVOLT CORP.
1101 S. Capital of Texas Hwy S Austin, TX 78746 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 925-1810
Dr. Billy J. Stanbery MDA 04-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: | FASST(tm) Synthesis of CIGS for Flexible Solar Modules |
| Abstract: | Very lightweight, high efficiency, flexible, and durable photovoltaic (PV) arrays are needed to generate electric power for high-altitude airships. Copper-indium-gallium-diselenide (CIGS) has been identified as the thin-film photovoltaic material that can meet or exceed these stringent requirements, but current processing methods cannot provide the combination of high efficiency, light weight, and flexibility that are needed for airships. HelioVolt has developed a revolutionary process to synthesize CIGS that can overcome the limitations of the conventional processes and excel at both capability and low cost. We call the process FASST(tm), in part because of its speed. Using our advanced CIGS materials model and a new device model, we will determine how this process can be applied to the Airship PV application, and what levels of performance can be expected from the resulting PV arrays. HelioVolt proposes to develop the FASST(tm) CIGS synthesis process on flexible substrates to produce high efficiency, lightweight, CIGS modules. In Phase I, we will demonstrate the feasibility of the FASST(tm) process for Airship applications, using our advanced CIGS model. In Phase 2, we will use this process to fabricate efficient, large-area CIGS solar cells on metal foil or polyimide film. |
| INTERNATIONAL SOLAR ELECTRIC TECHNO
8635 Aviation Blvd. UNIT#E Inglewood, CA 90301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 216-4427
Dr. Vijay K. Kapur MDA 04-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Thin Film Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) Photovoltaic Arrays for High Altitude Airships (HAA) on Lightweight and Flexible Ceramic Substrates |
| Abstract: | We propose to fabricate high efficiency CIGS solar cells on lightweight and flexible ceramic substrates using ISET's patented ink-based process. The project has the potential to achieve AM0 solar cell efficiency about 11% and specific power density in the range of 1300 to 1500 watts/kg. The success of this process will have a beneficial impact on both the high altitute airship and terrestrial solar power markets. |
| LIGHTNING TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
10 Downing Industrial Parkway Pittsfield, MA 01201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(413) 499-2135
Mr. Andy Plumer MDA 04-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Lightning and EM Hazards Protection Designs for Photovoltaic Arrays on HAA Platforms |
| Abstract: | Provide atmospheric electrical hazards risk mitigation and protection design methodology for large airships. Fill in gaps in existing protection design technology. Enable HAA's to be launched and recovered in a wider variety of weather conditions, and to operate successfully over thunderstorms. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Dr. Somesh Mukherjee MDA 04-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Highly Efficient Thin Film Photovoltaic for High Altitude Airships(1000-428) |
| Abstract: | Missile defense systems use high altitude airships (HAA) that needs power source for altitudes of 65,000 feet and more. High efficiency lightweight thin film photovoltaics arrays are ideal candidates for fulfilling this requirement. However, there are several challenges that need to be overcome to produce this thin photovoltaic for space power applications. During Phase I, Triton Systems Inc. proposes to demonstrate the feasibility of developing high efficiency thin Photovoltaics arrays based on Copper Indium galliun Di-Selenide (CIGS) solar cell. In order to overcome the challenges of cost effectiveness and higher efficiency CIGS, Triton will employ a proprietary method to produce a high-temperature capable, lightweight substrate(s) suitable for monolithic integration.Trition will conduct trade studies with these substrates and further compare the cost effectiveness of this approach to the other alternative solar cells. During Phase II, we will develop large area thin film solar cell technology based on Phase I data. |
| AURORA FLIGHT SCIENCES CORP.
9950 Wakeman Drive Manassas, VA 20110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 331-1032
Mr. Bob Minelli MDA 04-004 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Lightweight Adaptive Propeller for HALE Applications |
| Abstract: | Significant improvements in propulsion systems are necessary in order to support high altitude, long endurance (HALE) missions for airships and UAV's. One of the critical components of the propulsion system is the propeller. The proposed research will demonstrate the feasibility of producing large diameter light weight adaptive propellers from launch through long duration station keeping in a variety of environmental conditions. The proposed aqpproach will provide a significant reduction in rotating mass as well as offer the benefit of being able to adapt the foil shape and twist in addition to angle of attack to improve the performance through the full flight envelope. |
| INFORMATION SYSTEMS LABORATORIES, I
10070 Barnes Canyon Road San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 852-5033
Mr. James H. Boschma MDA 04-004 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced Cycloidal Aero-Propulsion System (ACAPS) |
| Abstract: | This proposal provides research and assessment of the Cycloidal Propeller for stratospheric airship operations. This effort will include design and simulation of a propeller system sized for the stratospheric airship, assessment of materials, their performance, reliability for long-endurance operations, and weight impact as compared with prior material types. Subscale validation experiments to corroborate aerodynamic performance model results will be performed. We will assess performance and applications of Cycloidal Propellers across the range of operating environments and temperature extremes that could be encountered during long-duration flight. Cycloidal Propellers have a unique ability to convert low-velocity, high-volume fluid flow into useful, efficient thrust. It is about 99% volumetrically efficient and offers higher levels of thrust per power input than conventional propeller types. The high efficiency reduces the demands for power, fuel weight or solar cell quantity on a stratospheric airship. It is highly responsive to motion control commands, and has the ability to vector thrust in any direction (perpendicular to its axis of rotation) almost immediately, providing unprecedented levels of maneuverability and station-keeping. It is well suited to hold an airship in a fixed position, both vertically and horizontally, and for maneuvering an airship for launch, recovery, docking and ground handling. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Mr. James Burnett MDA 04-004 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Carbon Fiber Reinforced Aluminum Wires for HAA(1000-430) |
| Abstract: | Triton Systems Inc. proposes to develop a casting process to fabricate high performance fiber reinforced structural wire for the High Altitude Airship. The proposed Integrated Product Team (IPT) team will consist of Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company (LMAC) and Triton's metal matrix composite product development team. The metal matrix wire will be low cost, high strength (near 400ksi) and high stiffness (over 40msi), with a density of 2.2g/cc that represents a significant improvement over wires currently available. The High Altitude Airship has a requirement for sustained flights of at least one-year duration. This means that every component in the structure must be very lightweight. To meet this light weight requirement, airships in general have used light frames with highly loaded wire rope for structural bracing. The proposed fiber reinforced structural wire is expected to reduce the total weight of wire rope by over 50% versus steel. This program has been conceived to fabricate and move directly into production of fiber reinforced wire for the High altitude Airship Applications. |
| ACULIGHT CORP.
11805 North Creek Parkway S., Suite 113 Bothell, WA 98011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 482-1100
Dr. Angus Henderson MDA 04-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Space Qualifiable Laser Technology |
| Abstract: | The MDA and other elements of the Department of Defense (DoD) have multiple applications for high power laser sources, including deployment in space where power, size, weight and refueling logistics are issues. Applications include acquisition and identification of missiles or other threats, tracking and destruction of such threats, decoy rejection, and defeat of enemy electro-optic sensors. High Energy Lasers (HEL) offer the potential to maintain asymmetric technological edge over adversaries for the foreseeable future. Conventional diode pumped solid-state lasers for this application suffer from single point failures, severe thermal induced distortion, modest efficiency and severe cooling requirements. Fiber lasers offer solutions to all of these limitations, but must use beam combination to reach mission average power levels. Aculight proposes the merger of a new (non coherent) beam combining approach and advanced large mode area (LMA) fiber laser technology as a power-scaleable solution to meet the demanding MDA requirements. Ongoing work at Aculight has shown that higher average power and reduced nonlinear parasitics are an advantage obtained from large mode area (LMA) fibers in beam combined approaches. Recent advances in LMA fibers offer an additional level of improvement in tailoring the fiber characteristics for system optimization. This Phase I work will characterize and demonstrate the potential of these fibers in an architecture with scalability to the 10-100 kW level. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
135 S. Taylor Avenue Louisville, CO 80027 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Dr. Bert Callicoatt MDA 04-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Space Qualifiable Laser Technology |
| Abstract: | High average power lasers are necessary for space-based missions such as long-range sensing and directed energy weapons. Such long-range sensors typically require kW-class power with low intensity noise, diffraction limited beam quality, and high efficiency. In order to meet these and other requirements, CTI is pursuing an innovative laser technology to kW-class average power with new levels of spatial coherence, high electrical-to-optical efficiency, pulsed or CW operation, and controllable spectral and temporal coherence for direct/coherent detection transceivers. The primary challenges for space qualification of this and other solid-state laser technology have been reducing prime power consumption and mass while maintaining performance and reliability. The proposed technology development breaks new ground in thermal management and optical systems design by building upon recently demonstrated breakthrough laser architecture. The architecture utilizes 2-D optical transport and 1-D thermal transport coupled to next-generation innovative adaptations of compact, high performance 2-phase cooling. Phase I delivers primary and alternate engineering designs with a comprehensive risk burn-down plan for a space-based kW-class laser system. Phase 2 will deliver a sub-scale demonstration unit providing functional evidence of the technology for space-qualification. CTI's extensive flight qualified laser experience and the heritage of our teammate Swales Aerospace in space-qualified thermal design/payload packaging, brings significant leverage to the program. |
| MATERIALS & ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARC
7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 574-1980
Dr. Ching-Fong Chen MDA 04-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Lightweight, High Thermal Conductivity Materials for Thermal Management Applications |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to develop a lightweight, high thermal conductivity material with a tailorable coefficient of thermal expansion for laser technology components leading to higher power lasers. In high performance electronics, packaging is the limiting factor in electrical circuit efficiency. Specifically, thermal management, along with reliability and the trend toward miniaturization, are essential factors in successful electronic design. In addition, the trend toward lightweight packaging is getting more and more attention due to portable handheld devices and space applications. With both the increasing density of components and the increasing power from these components, thermal management materials having high thermal conductivity are needed. Without efficient heat dissipation, the increased laser operating temperatures would lead to increased component failure rates. This program proposes an innovative material that has a thermal conductivity greater than 800 W/møK, CTE that matches Si and GaAs, and still remains cost effective. |
| RINI TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3267 Progress Drive Orlando, FL 32826 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 384-7840
Dr. Daniel P Rin MDA 04-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Thermal Management for Space Based High Energy Lasers |
| Abstract: | In the proposed SBIR effort RTI will investigate an innovative cooling approach to dissipate the high heat fluxes generated by diode-pumped solid-state laser (SSL) systems. SSL systems require efficient heat transfer techniques that are capable of managing high heat fluxes and high transient loads (laser "on" vs laser "off"). Existing water-based micro-channel cooling technology is not suited for deployment of high-power SSL's in space due to high system weight. Existing space-qualified heat pipe cooling technologies are not capable of handling the heat fluxes of 100-350W/cm2 generated by the laser diodes. RTI's cooling approach dissipates the high heat flux with Evaporative Spray Cooling (ESC) technology and transports the heat via a pump loop to a thermal energy storage (TES) unit featuring enhanced phase change material encapsulated in a porous graphite matrix. TES is the key technology that enables a laser operating heat load an order of magnitude greater than the ultimate heat rejection rate to space. RTI will perform sub-scale demonstrations to determine feasibility, and provide a conceptual design for a 1kWo SSL system with traceability to a 100kWo system. If shown to be feasible, the proposed cooling techniques can provide high heat flux thermal management to space based solid-state lasers with acceptable weight impacts to the spacecraft. |
| SCIENCE RESEARCH LABORATORY, INC.
15 WARD STREET SOMERVILLE, MA 02143 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 547-1122
Dr. RODNEY PETR MDA 04-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ultra-Compact Solid-State Driver Technology for Improving the Performance & Lifetime of Laser Diode/Diode Arrays Operating at High Power |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I project will develop novel solid-state drivers with integrated fault-mode protection for driving laser diode arrays at very high power with improved reliability and long life. Current filamentation in laser diodes is a primary failure mechanism at the elevated power levels required by High Energy Lasers (HELs) and laser weapons. Eliminating current filamentation with advanced power electronics is essential to improving diode array performance and reliability. SRL will develop diagnostics to monitor laser diode performance and detect the on-set of current filamentation in diode arrays. Driver electronics can then rapidly change electrical power, and preserve the operating capability of diode arrays, without the loss of average output optical power. This technology program is focused on developing a compact and lightweight diode driver that leads directly to longer life, higher beam quality, higher efficiency, and lower cost-of-ownership for high power diode arrays, when employed for a broad range of both tactical and strategic military missions. These missions range from tactical (theater) missile defense, to defense of aircraft, to defense against ballistic missiles from space-, ground-, and sea-based platforms. At lower power, this modular technology will also impact lower power applications such as laser range-finders and target designators. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Dr. Shawn D. Wehe MDA 04-006 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of Micro-Scale Laser Technology |
| Abstract: | In this Phase I SBIR, the team of Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) propose to develop the design for and perform key feasibility tests for a micro-scale chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL). The design is based upon micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and will be verified by using ultra-sensitive optical diagnostics. This microCOIL has the potential for high efficiency and a size and weight nearly an order of magnitude smaller than conventional COIL devices. The design developed in Phase I will be fabricated and tested in Phase II. The Phase II device would integrate a singlet oxygen generator, an iodine injector, an optical cavity, and diagnostics into a single microCOIL device. The goal at the end of the Phase II Program is to have demonstrated small signal gain on a single microCOIL element. This will prove the viability of a scaled, multi-element device that will be built as part of a Phase III program. |
| RINI TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3267 Progress Drive Orlando, FL 32826 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 384-7840
Dr. Daniel P Rini MDA 04-006 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Micro-Scale Nozzle Technology Used in a Compact Thermal Management System for Solid-State Lasers |
| Abstract: | Solid-state lasers (SSL's) are the most likely near term lasers that can be considered for deployment on space-based platforms. These electric laser systems pose unique challenges in that the cooling system must dissipate heat loads that are often ten times greater than the laser output, with high heat fluxes over large surface areas and limited heat rejection. Existing water-based micro-channel cooling technology requires large coolant flow rates and high pressure heads, leading to heavy and bulky thermal management systems that are not suited for deployment in space, and existing space qualified heat pipe cooling technologies are not capable of handling the heat fluxes of 100-350 W/cm2 generated by the laser diodes. In this effort Rini Technologies, Inc. proposes an innovative evaporative spray cooling (ESC) technique that will reduce the mass and volume of SSL cooling systems in space. The ESC system utilizes unique micro-nozzle arrays can dissipate the high heat fluxes generated by the laser diodes with substantially lower coolant flow rates and reduced pressure drops compared to micro-channel cooling techniques. If shown to be feasible, the proposed micro-nozzle ESC system can provide high heat flux thermal control to space based SSL's with acceptable weight impacts to the spacecraft increasing the laser power-to-mass and laser power-to-volume ratios. |
| INNOVATIVE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
800 West 14th Street, Suite 11 Rolla, MO 65401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(573) 341-4675
Dr. Ming Xin MDA 04-008 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced Guidance, Navigation and Control (GNC) Algorithm Development to Enhance the Lethality of Interceptors against Maneuvering Targets |
| Abstract: | A recently developed nonlinear controller(developed by the PI and the project consultant) called the theta-D method is the centerpiece around which an Integrated Guidance and Control scheme and a nonlinear filter technique are built to enhance the lethality of kinetic kill interceptors and offer means to increase the maneuver ratio advantage. Objectives of this proposal include development of a six-degrees of freedom based Integral Guidance and Control scheme that brings the guidance and control objective into one fold. Main concerns of kinetic kill vehicles like maximization of velocity at impact can be treated with variable cost functions that could include guidance and control for minimum drag. A novel nonlinear filter is proposed to be used to improve the accuracy of the target estimates. Various spiraling and weaving target scenarios will be used to evaluate the algorithms proposed to be used |
| RADIANCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
500 Wynn Drive, Suite 504 Huntsville, AL 35816 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(972) 423-8607
Mr. Harvey Gratt MDA 04-008 Awarded: 04MAY04 |
| Title: | Advanced Guidance, Navigation and Control (GNC) Algorithm Development to Enhance the Lethality of Interceptors against Maneuvering Targets |
| Abstract: | The objective of the proposal is to develop and extend to 6-DOF missile-target engagement and dynamic models of the integrated guidance-control and filtering-target-missile state estimation algorithms to achieve the hit-to-kill accuracy against targets performing evasive maneuvers, including spiraling motion. In order to validate the performance of the sliding mode control (SMC) observers and robust-to-noise differentiators for the purpose of computing feedback command of the proposed integrated guidance/control system, the homing loop will be simulated in a software-hardware test bed. |
| SYSENSE CORP.
3660 West Temple Avenue, Suite Pomona, CA 91768 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(909) 869-3278
Dr. Jason L. Speyer MDA 04-008 Awarded: 03JUN04 |
| Title: | Advanced Guidance, Navigation and Control (GNC) Algorithm Development to Enhance the Lethality of Interceptors against Maneuvering Targets |
| Abstract: | In this proposal, we proposed to develop and implement a new, advanced homing missile guidance algorithm for kinetic kill interceptors against advanced maneuvering threats. Rather than estimate target motion or develop a filter on assumed strategy of the adversary, SySense suggests that a filter be constructed so that the dynamic effect of the target in the direction of the target acceleration is blocked. In effect, this requires the filter to process with zero memory its measurements in a subspace associated with the target acceleration direction. From the state estimates of this filter, the guidance laws obtained by game theory can be used. |
| ADVANCED CERAMICS RESEARCH, INC.
3292 E. Hemisphere Loop Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 434-6392
Dr. Ranji Vaidyanathan MDA 04-009 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Small low-cost energetic components for the Miniature Kill Vehicle (MKV) |
| Abstract: | In this phase I SBIR program, Advanced Ceramics Research, Inc. (ACR) proposes the development of an innovative manufacturing technique for combination of energetic materials that can be manufactured into lightweight, fine-featured structural components for the DACS systems to enhance the lethality of a miniature kill vehicle. The proposed technique will leverage ACR's experience with gel-casting slurries into fine-featured molds. ACR will blend energetic materials and cast components of different sizes suitable for the miniature kill vehicle designs. These parts will have a porosity of 20-30% with the porosity increasing to 40-50% after the binder burnout phase. This porosity will then be infiltrated with a low melting temperature metal providing structural strength. This reaction would increase the lethality of the miniature kill vehicles by at least 50-75%. The advantage of this approach is that any of the DACS that are not fired would contribute to the enhanced lethality that is being planned to be achieved with miniature DACS systems. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4125
Mr. Uday Kashalikar MDA 04-009 Awarded: 12MAY04 |
| Title: | Lightweight and Dimensionally Stable MKV Optical Structures |
| Abstract: | Foster-Miller will demonstrate technology to produce lightweight and dimensionally stable components for MKV optics structures. We have previously demonstrated the relevant fabrication process as well as materials with excellent specific stiffness and low CTE as needed to produce dimensionally stable components. Additionally, we have teamed up with an appropriate defense prime contractor for development and commercialization of this technology. The proposed manufacturing process is well suited to produce small, intricate shaped MKV optics structures at an affordable cost. During Phase I, Foster-Miller will produce and test key specimens to conclusively prove applicability of the technology for MKV optical structures. The follow-on Phase II program will demonstrate repeatability in performance and cost effectiveness of full-scale MKV optics structures. (P-040274) |
| GENERAL SCIENCES, INC.
205 Schoolhouse Road Souderton, PA 18964 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 723-8588
Dr. Peter D. Zavitsanos MDA 04-009 Awarded: 11MAY04 |
| Title: | Miniaturized, Low Weight, Low Cost Interceptor Components for the Miniature Kill Vehicle (MKV) |
| Abstract: | The objective of this program is to investigate the insertion of reactive materials into the MKV program in order to achieve weight/cost reduction while maintaining enhanced lethality effectiveness. Several materials synthesis techniques are proposed as well as key property characterization measurements. In addition close technical interaction with the prime MKV contractor is intended in order to identify (a) key experimental evaluation and (b) best method of technology insertion into the MKV hardware program. |
| INNOVATIVE BUSINESSS SOLUTIONS, INC.
301 Concourse Boulevard, Suite 120 Glen Allen, VA 23059 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(727) 812-5555
Mr. Greg Sjoquist MDA 04-009 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Miniaturized, Low Weight, Low Cost Interceptor Components for the Miniature Kill Vehicle (MKV) |
| Abstract: | Several concepts for miniature interceptors have been considered by various agencies of the United States Missile Defense community. Many new and innovative technologies are required to be developed to address the many unique problems faced when attempting to create an integrated system that is capable of autonomous fly out to an end point target. One common aspect for all concepts under consideration in a miniaturized kill vehicle is the avionics and electronics suite. Significant size, power and weight constraints exist in order to realize a miniature kill vehicle interceptor that has a mass of 2.0 kilograms or less. Phase I objective will be focused on the study and definition of a low cost, reliable advanced processor module. This module is based on state of the art high density FPGAs and the associated embedded processors as well as advanced PWB/PWA manufacturing techniques providing the level of integration required. IBSi has successfully designed and manufactured a miniature processor node for MDA Advanced System that is a key part in the concept design for the Miniature Kill Vehicle program at Lockheed Martin Missile and Fire Control in Dallas, TX. By combining the highly integrated avionics and processor module with the front end (FPA) sensor directly, a single module will be realized. This "Miniature Integrated Processor and Avionics Node (MIPAN) for Miniature Kill Vehicle" will capture real time target image information, process the image information, integrate the vehicle navigation solution from appropriate MEMS inertial measurement unit, calculate the required interceptor trajectory and fire appropriate DAC commands to achieve a hit to kill intercept. |
| MICROASSEMBLY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3065 Richmond Parkway, Suite 109 Richmond, CA 94806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 758-2600
Mr. Wallace Tang MDA 04-009 Awarded: 06MAY04 |
| Title: | Mirror Arrays for Infrared Staring Arrays |
| Abstract: | The proposed work will develop micromirror arrays for VLWIR applications. Key challenges include the need for large piston stroke and compatibility with cryogenic conditions. For the proposed SBIR project, MicroAssembly is leveraging technologies developed under the DARPA CCIT program, as well as ongoing collaboration with industrial partners. The key to the proposed work is MicroAssembly's high yield fabrication process that enables integration of MEMS devices. This fabrication process has been utilized for the development of many MEMS devices, including high-g accelerometers, low-g accelerometers, resonators, and RF MEMS switches. Key military applications include free space communications, imaging, targeting and laser IRCM |
| SECOTEC, INC.
4935 CENTURY ST., STE 201 HUNTSVILLE, AL 35816 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 722-0000
Mr. David Kalin MDA 04-009 Selected for Award |
| Title: | System Hit Optical Technique for Kill Assessment |
| Abstract: | SECOTEC is proposing a simple, lightweight, carry-along Kill Assessment (KA) system based on two techniques that that we currently have under development. One is a fiber optic based Two Point Optical Thermometer (TPOT) that has been used to remotely determine the resultant temperature of kinetic energy impacts, high explosive events, and reactive fragment reactions. It has a range from 1,000 deg Kelvin to well above 5,000 deg Kelvin, uses a single two color sensor, and has a time response of 250 kHz up to 2 MHz if necessary. The other is a high-speed Fiber Optic Spectrometer (FOS) that is based on similar technology but uses a simple, linear array that is line filtered for specific bands. |
| VICUS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
62 Portland Rd Kennebunk, ME 04043 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(207) 985-4200
Mr. Paul Hurlburt MDA 04-009 Awarded: 13MAY04 |
| Title: | Miniaturized, Low Weight, Low Cost Interceptor Components for the Miniature Kill Vehicle (MKV) |
| Abstract: | The Miniature Kill Vehicle (MKV) will require a source of power to operate target acquisition systems, seeker system and any divert propulsion once it is deployed from the carrier vehicle. The requirements for the MKV are stringent ion terms of allowable mass and space available to locate the MKV subsystems. As a result, novel materials, manufacturing processes, and materials will be required for this application. The proposed effort will develop a conformal power supply that will be charged during the boost phase of the mission and prior to MKV deployment. Conventional batteries and power supplies will not likely fit into the MKV volume The conformal power supply will require rapid charging since it must be accomplished during the boost phase of the intercept and prior to MKV deployment. To facilitate this, a nano-carbon deposited electrode will be demonstrated that permits rapid charging of a conformal ultracapacitor. Testing will be conducted to confirm the rapid capabilities of the capacitor. |
| SCITEC, INC.
100 Wall Street Princeton, NJ 08540 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 921-3892
Mr. James J. Lisowski MDA 04-010 Awarded: 12MAY04 |
| Title: | Boost Phase Plume-to-Hardbody Handover |
| Abstract: | Several plume-hardbody handover algorithms under development by various investigators show promise in simulations for locating the missile body when the body is resolved or approximately the size of a pixel. Several scenarios involving liquid propellant missiles, such as the cases where these threats are observed at moderate to long ranges, and are at near nose-on geometries or large angles of attack, provide challenges to these handover algorithm and corresponding single- or dual-wavelength infrared detector concepts, however. These stressing conditions are challenging to space and air based systems that are employed to provide accurate metrics for reconstruction of threat trajectories or to provide position information for mid-course intercept, especially considering the preferred use in these systems of wavebands optimized for plume detection. In the enhancement plume flight regime (typically 70-200 km altitude for ICBM class missiles), plume radiance patterns exhibit a characteristic parabolic shape. This parabola is maintained even at large angles of attack. In some cases, the windward side may be significantly brighter than the leeward side and may present a "bright spot" that competes with the localized "vacuum core" signature, which is often used as an aim-point for the handover algorithms. Therefore, fitting the radiance pattern to this characteristic parabola provides a means for determining the plume axis, which then allows for more robust aim-point estimation. Relatively straightforward interpretation of the radiance patterns, possibly augmented with off-board information or information gained from multiple frames of data, allows for the determination of whether the threat is observed at near nose-on aspect angles or high angles of attack and the subsequent selection of the correct "bright point " that includes the missile body. Additionally, the parabola contains information that may be exploited to reveal characteristics of the propulsion system for identification of the upper stage missile system. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
6 New England Executive Park Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 812-7874
Dr. Chee-Yee Chong MDA 04-011 Awarded: 07MAY04 |
| Title: | Distributed Object Discrimination for BMD |
| Abstract: | Object discrimination is one of the most important functions in ballistic missile defense since successful engagement and intercept of the warhead requires timely discrimination of lethal objects from decoys and other non-lethal objects. Multiple sensors exploiting diversity in phenomenology and viewing geometry can provide better discrimination information than a single sensor but exploiting this information requires a good fusion algorithm. Although centralized discrimination is theoretically optimal, distributed discrimination has advantages of lower communication bandwidth, robustness to failure, etc. The proposed research addresses key issues in distributed discrimination including choice of appropriate architecture, information to communicate among processing agents, optimal fusion algorithms, and communication strategies. It adopts the information graph model to analyze the dependence among processing agents so that information will not be double-counted. Object and sensor models represented by Bayesian networks are used to identify the minimum sufficient information that should be communicated and fused. An information-theoretic approach is used to decide when communication should take place. The Phase I effort will demonstrate the technical feasibility of distributed discrimination by integrating these components and comparing the resulting performance with that using centralized discrimination. |
| HYPERTECH SYSTEMS
4 Dickens Court Irvine, CA 92612 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 477-1101
Dr. David Slater MDA 04-011 Awarded: 14MAY04 |
| Title: | Data and evidence fusion from multiple independent Decision Theoretic sources: Hybrid Decision Networks |
| Abstract: | We will develop an innovative approach to the detection of subpixel missile threats in hyperspectral images. The new approach will use a generalized likelihood ratio statistic to define decision surfaces in terms of spectral/spatial subspace models for missile targets and backgrounds. Missile targets will be represented by invariant spectral subspaces that characterize target properties over a range of conditions. Background clutter will be characterized using adaptive spectral/spatial subspaces. The resulting detection algorithm will have the ability to detect subpixel threats in cluttered environments under unknown atmospheric conditions. The spectral subspace representation will allow the use of high-speed techniques for the computation of the likelihood ratio decision statistic. We will demonstrate the feasibility of the new approach using experiments with missile spectral signatures measured using a chromotomographic sensor embedded in cluttered hyperspectral images. An important goal is to determine the fundamental bounds on hyperspectral missile detection performance. We will also assess algorithm performance and computational requirements as a function of the amount of spectral and spatial information that is provided to the algorithm. The general approach will be applicable to any spectral region, but algorithm assessment during Phase I will focus on the mid-wave infrared. |
| KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS, INC.
1408 University Drive East College Station, TX 77840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(979) 260-5274
Dr. Richard Mayer MDA 04-011 Awarded: 06MAY04 |
| Title: | MSFF: Multi-Spectral Feature Fusion |
| Abstract: | We propose to build a Multi-Spectral Feature Fusion Framework (MSFF): a framework for fusion of data from Multi-Spectral sensors. The ultimate goal of the proposed solution is to improve the probability of target detection and identification. Two major innovations of the proposed effort are: (i) Composite feature vector that includes diverse features such as shape parameters (area, boundary length, number of edges, etc.), multi-scale texture parameters, moments of the radiance intensity of different orders, radiance energy of the image determined in multi-scale wavelet coefficient domain, and (ii) Innovative approach to closed loop association and classification that will apply machine learning methods to establish "similarity" in the detected features of the object and their "proximity" to a reference entity. The MSFF framework will support the comprehensive lifecycle from data preprocessing to transformation, feature extraction, association, and identification. The Phase I project will develop the concept of operation and algorithms. The algorithms will be tested and analyzed on simulated data using a testbed of physical and engineering models of sensors. The Phase II project will develop and harden software for near-real-time data processing. |
| OPTO-KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS, INC.
4030 Spencer St, Suite 108 Torrance, CA 90503 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 371-4445
Dr. Nahum Gat MDA 04-012 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Novel Target Detection in Clutter using Joint Bayesian & Generalized Likelyhood Tests in Neyman-Pearson Detection |
| Abstract: | Hyperspectral sensors have proven capable of distinguishing targets that are otherwise very difficult to discern. However, such sensors also tend to produce false alarms at a significant rate. The Battle Management, Command and Control (BMC2) architecture will deal with most difficult detection scenario: targets may be sub-pixel in size, with a cluttered Earth background including clouds, land, water, and spectral noise, in a constantly shifting scene. The ultimate objective is to use the scene to extract background statistics and ultimately, to extract the target. The Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) and the Bayesian Likelihood Ratio Test (BLRT) are widely used as standard detection techniques for target signals that are corrupted by structured clutter and unstructured broadband noise. The choice between GLRT and BLRT depends on the availability of statistical or physical a-priori information about the unknown parameters in the data mixing model. We propose a new approach for combining the GLRT and the BLRT into a cascaded detector by deriving a general form of the BLRT. In this detector, the GLRT's role is to determine the background pixels' statistics by subtracting the target's pixels (or including sub-pixels) from the pixels of the entire image. Using the estimated statistical information about the background pixels, the BLRT is then applied to reduce the probability of false alarms. In the process, we also introduce a new way to discern between target and background structures in vector space, which is one of the most difficult problems in practice. |
| SOLID STATE SCIENTIFIC CORP.
27-2 Wright Road Hollis, NH 03049 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 465-5686
Dr. James E. Murguia MDA 04-012 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Subspace Detection of Surprise Events for the BMC2 Architecture |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop subspace classifiers for detecting and monitoring dynamic and surprise events (e.g. missile launches warhead and decoy deployment, artillery fire, etc.) from a remote platform. The algorithms will be tailored to the Advanced Spectral Sensor developed by SSSC, which is capable of adaptively measuring the spectra of surprise events anywhere within a large field of view at greater than video rates. This sensor is also capable of accurately locating the event with little impact on data bandwidth. The classifiers will be based both on the existing library of surprise event data and on data collection opportunities that arise during the course of the contract. The classifiers will exploit target specific spectral-temporal features and also be tailored to support the unique aspects of the Advanced Spectral Sensor. Information about the target subspace will be incorporated into the hardware implementation to create an advanced sensor system that can be integrated into the next-generation MDA BMC2 architecture. |
| AERO OPTICS, INC.
655 Deep Valley Drive, Suite 335 Rolling Hills Estate, CA 90274 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 541-1933
Dr. G. Newton Freeman MDA 04-013 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ladar Algorithm for Lethal Objects (LALO) |
| Abstract: | Advanced interceptor seekers with active ladar systems offer enhanced capabilities for target acquisition, discrimination, tracking, and targeting of a lethal object within a ballistic missile threat train including off-nominal threats and countermeasures. Full exploitation of these capabilities requires robust ladar algorithms to enhance seeker decision functions that include far-range ladar cuing, target acquisition/tracking, optimum handover, enhanced discrimination, aimpoint selection, and end game countermeasure mitigation. Algorithms are required to support laser augmentation of multiband passive sensors including non-coherent/coherent systems and active/passive fusion for improved seeker performance including mitigation of diffuse-scattering and laser-speckle effects. The proposed investigation will evaluate competing seeker/algorithm concepts through end-to-end dynamic simulation of a ballistic missile threat train as perceived over time by the interceptor seeker. The simulation will include the position/orientation dynamics and passive/active signatures of lethal/non-lethal objects and the associated seeker/algorithm response for acquisition, discrimination, tracking, and targeting of the lethal object. The investigation will consider realistic threat ensembles, deployment sequences, and background conditions to ensure algorithm robustness. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
135 S. Taylor Avenue Louisville, CO 80027 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Dr. Charles Bjork MDA 04-013 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Coherent Ladar Algorithm for Robust Target Acquisition, Discrimination, Aimpoint Selection and Maintenance |
| Abstract: | Coherent Technologies Inc., proposes "Coherent Ladar Algorithm for Robust Acquisition, Discrimination, Aimpoint Selection and Maintenance" to address MDA Ladar algorithm development and signature processing for advanced missile seekers. The proposed algorithm exploits unique capabilities of emerging Doppler Ladars, fused with passive sensors, to acquire/discriminate threats that may contain off-nominal components and various countermeasures. Range and Doppler measurement exploitation assure rapid acquisition, track convergence. For Phase I, resilience to backgrounds will be demonstrated. Processed adaptive multiplet waveforms will yield mass-dependent discriminants for good target class separation, compensate for platform and other noise, and adapt for flexible application to diverse target types. Adaptive waveform temporal bandwidth and optimum component spacing will be used to achieve high range/velocity resolution and precision, over transient events such as staging, target deployment, and deployment response. Multi-waveform averaging mitigates speckle and drives-up measurement precision and effective carrier-to-noise ratio. Range and velocity resolution/precision will be adaptively traded to optimize algorithm performance. For Phase II/III, the algorithm will be demonstrated on Ladar hardware currently under development at Eastern and Pacific Test ranges, in a real-time processor/interface. Algorithm/waveforms make achievable sub-cm/sec velocity-precision for millidoppler/microdoppler discriminants, cm's range-precision for target discrimination, and reduced miss-distance via Doppler-null tracking for aimpoint selection and maintenance. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
IT Division, 20600 Gramercy Place Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Stephen Kupiec MDA 04-014 Awarded: 03JUN04 |
| Title: | Multiframe Image Enhancement and Processing for Target Discrimination |
| Abstract: | The Missile Defense Agency is seeking innovative electro-optical/infrared multiframe processing algorithms to recognize and intercept the lethal object within a ballistic missile threat train. These algorithms are critical components of Project Hercules to counter off-nominal and evolving missile threats. To address this Missile Defense Agency need, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop new Resolution-Enhanced Dynamic Statistical Target Advanced Recognition (REDSTAR) technology. REDSTAR is a unique integration of generic digital signal processing hardware with intelligent image processing software, which includes Multiframe Image Resolution Enhancement Framework (MIREF), Multiscale Image Contrast Enhancement (MICE) and Hierarchical Target Modeling (HTM). It will enhance resolution, detail, and contrast in low-resolution images captured by missile guidance sensors, and extract critical target information in real time to guide the kill vehicle. It can extract hidden spatio-temporal information from the image sequence to generate super-resolution images for target discrimination. REDSTAR can be applied to visible, IR, LIDAR, and MSX images acquired in boost, midcourse, or terminal phase. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility and robustness of REDSTAR by testing against targets, target events, and backgrounds. In Phase II, POC will develop REDSTAR hardware and test REDSTAR with real sensor data in a realistic environment. |
| RESEARCH SUPPORT INSTRUMENTS
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 306-0010
Dr. James N. Caron MDA 04-014 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Rapid Multi-frame Processing for Improved Identification of Lethal Objects |
| Abstract: | Research Support Instruments Inc. (RSI) proposes to research and develop a multi-frame processing algorithm that is uniquely tailored to combine a frame sequence from a kill vehicle to improve the identification of a target. The combination process will diminish the effect of motion blur that occurs when randomly translated frames are summed. Removing the blur will greatly enhance the intensity of the object and thus improve identification. RSI will investigate all manners of registration and blur removal that adhere to the restrictions presented by the task. Expected candidates include an image registration technique based on the projection of rows and columns, and a novel motion blur removal using an advanced blind deconvolution technique. |
| COMPUTATIONAL SENSORS CORP.
201 N. Calle Cesar Chavez, Suite 203 Santa Barbara, CA 93103 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 962-1175
Mr. Jeff Scott MDA 04-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Super Resolution Using Analog Spatial Processors |
| Abstract: | During Phase I Computational Sensors Corp. (CSC) will explore spatial domain super resolution (SR) approaches for extracting high resolution images from non-uniformly sampled data registered using sequences of low resolution images and seeker line-of-sight (LOS) direction estimates from an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). Interpolation, fundamental to SR, will be performed using the Gaussian blur kernel of our Thin Film Analog Image Processors (TAIP). In previous work, CSC has developed an analog, massively parallel, real-time video processing system capable of bulk spatio-temporal filtering. The enabling device uses analog silicon retinas in multi-chip architectures for complex, agile, spatial-frequency filtering. CSC plans to leverage the inherent computational advantage of performing large kernel spatial filtering in the analog domain to developing high frame-rate SR capability for mid-course seekers. One of the most difficult problems facing national missile defense pertains to accurately and efficiently identifying closely-spaced objects (CSO). For space-based detection systems, the situation can be highly complex with multiple objects moving at low relative velocities amid countermeasure clutter. Super resolution has the potential to enable earlier target/decoy discrimination for mid-course interceptors. During Phase I a SR approach will be developed with real-world data testing and implementation in hardware to commence in Phase II. |
| PIXON LLC
100 North Country Rd. Setauket, NY 11733 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(619) 227-2739
Dr. Richard Puetter MDA 04-015 Awarded: 03JUN04 |
| Title: | Real-Time, Super Resolution Pixon Processing for MDA Kill Vehicles |
| Abstract: | We propose to implement image-processing algorithms that greatly enhance sensitivity, tracking accuracy, and resolution of closely spaced objects (CSOs) in real-time missile-guidance systems. These enhancements are accomplished without prior knowledge of the number and composition of the targets within a CSO cluster. The proposed capabilities are relevant to the MDA EKV program and are complementary to and synergistic with competing approaches for separating CSO targets. The algorithms are based upon our proprietary Quick Pixon method, already implemented in real-time hardware and demonstrated to increase resolution by up to a factor of two and decrease background noise by a factor of six. The program will build on an independent Phase II program we hope to begin in 2004; it concerns re-configuration of our existing Quick Pixon hardware into an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). In this project, we propose to add to the latter device full-color capability and to provide for processing of EO-sensor outputs as large as 2048 x 2048 pixels. Phase II would offer sufficient resources to actually produce ASICs without further funding. By conclusion of Phase II, compact low-power devices will be available for implementation into MDA systems. |
| RESEARCH SUPPORT INSTRUMENTS
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 306-0010
Dr. James N. Caron MDA 04-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Rapid Super-sampling of Multi-frame Sequences for Improved Identification of Lethal Objects |
| Abstract: | Research Support Instruments Inc. (RSI) proposes to develop a new multi-frame processing technique that allows fast and effective super-sampling of the scene. Each frame of the imaging sequence is up-sampled to a higher image size. Then, without realignment, the frames are averaged together. This produces a single image that has complicated motion blur embedded in it. This motion blur is removed using a novel blind deconvolution algorithm called the Self-deconvolving Data Reconstruction Algorithm. This process greatly reduces the computational needs usually associated with super-sampling but removing the requirement to measure alignment errors between each frame before averaging. |
| COMBUSTION RESEARCH & FLOW TECHNO
6210 Keller's Church Road Pipersville, PA 18947 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 766-1520
Dr. Sanford M. Dash MDA 04-016 Awarded: 27APR04 |
| Title: | Advanced Discrimination Technologies and Concepts |
| Abstract: | The innovation for this Phase I program is the development of advanced high-fidelity techniques for the analysis of moving transient plumes at high altitudes, accounting for their distortion and trajectory changes due to interactions with the surrounding atmosphere, as well as procedures for performing detailed 6DOF analyses of aerodynamic bodies traversing through such moving plumes. Transient plumes at exo altitudes will be simulated using new hybrid continuum / direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) techniques now under development for analyzing higher altitude steady-state rocket plumes and divert jets. In the hybrid approach, the continuum solution is interfaced with the DSMC solution along a continuum breakdown surface, which for transient plumes, is continually changing with time. Dynamic grid adaption techniques will be utilized whereby the grid moves with the expanding plume, conforms to its contour, and concentrates grid points in high density zones. A scope-out study of validation experiments to support this advanced model development will also be performed. |
| DAVIDSON TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
530 Discovery Drive Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 327-3122
Mr. Don Tingle MDA 04-016 Awarded: 30APR04 |
| Title: | Advanced Discrimination Technologies and Concepts |
| Abstract: | Davidson Technolotgies Inc. has proposed a task to develop and assess an algorithm to provide discrimination of encapsulating balloons, a serious potential countermeasures. Available literature suggests that precommit discrimination is not feasible due to the long range from sensor to target and limited angle resolution of precommit sensors, where this techniques will examine post-commit discrimination where range to target is shorter and resolution of threat objects can be achieved. This technique can be used to identify which balloon contains the hidden RV and further, we believe, can help locate where the RV is inside the balloon. |
| DECIBEL RESEARCH, INC.
PO Box 5368 Huntsville, AL 35814 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 716-0787
Mr. Earl Reed MDA 04-016 Awarded: 21APR04 |
| Title: | Multistatic Discrimination Approaches for Ballistic Missile Defense Applications |
| Abstract: | This effort proposes a new and innovative approach for defeating ballistic missile defense discrimination countermeasures. The use of bistatic and multistatic radar signatures will be exploited to help the Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS) defeat many of the stressing discrimination threats and countermeasures facing the current and future BMD system. Bistatic refers to using a separate transmitter and receiver, in physically separate locations, to perform the traditional radar transmit and receive functions. Multistatic simply implies that there is more than one receiver being used. There are numerous benefits to using bistatic and multistatic approaches for discrimination. These benefits include having higher radar cross sections (RCSs) and achieving spatially diverse geometries to observe threats and countermeasures from multiple viewing angles. This is extremely important, given that radar signatures are very dependent upon the viewing geometry (aspect and roll angles) between the threat and the radar. The benefits that will be demonstrated during this phase I activity have great potential to impact the over-all BMDS as well as existing technology programs. As the BMDS evolves to a distributed "System of Systems", the opportunities to capitalize upon multiple viewing geometries will become increasingly important. Possible programs that could benefit from this work include: National Missile Defense (NMD)/Ground-based Midcourse Defense (GMD), THAAD, Forward Based Radar, PATRIOT, JLENS, Kinetic Energy Interceptor (KEI), High Altitude Airship, Project Hercules and the Advanced Discrimination Initiative. |
| GENERAL SCIENCES, INC.
205 Schoolhouse Road Souderton, PA 18964 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 723-8588
Dr. Peter D. Zavitsanos MDA 04-016 Awarded: 03JUN04 |
| Title: | Advanced Discrimination Technologies and Concepts |
| Abstract: | New Counter-Counter Measure (CCM) techniques are proposed for Missile Defense (MD) which can provide discrimination of balloons and possibly other decoys in the presence of a Re-entry Vehicle (RV). This will be accomplished by the utilization of new advanced materials and concepts manufacturing and depolyment technologies unique to General Sciences, Inc. (GSI). It is expected that this effort will provide new discrimination capabilities to the Missile Defense Program. |
| MILTEC CORP.
678 Discovery Drive Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 428-1413
Dr. Greg Ferguson MDA 04-016 Awarded: 05MAY04 |
| Title: | Advanced Discrimination Technologies and Concepts |
| Abstract: | Advanced counter measure threats envisioned to be deployed against midcourse missile defense weapon systems creates a problem in discriminating between the real threat and decoys. A need exists to effectively discriminate and/or eliminate the decoys from the vicinity so the real threat can be neutralized. Developing a weapon system that removes decoys and allows easier discrimination requires a significant lethality assessment matrix that defines the optimum vehicle lethality components, materials and dispersion pattern requirements. Preliminary damage and kill assessments can be accomplished using hydrocodes; i.e, CTH, with results validated through empirical tests, legacy data or testing. These results can populate a matrix defining weapon concepts that can damage or remove a given set of decoys. A fast running algorithm and/or look-up table that characterizes the kill matrix can be coupled with existing "hit-to-kill" lethality end-game codes to produce a robust cost effective tool to quickly evaluate real threats. Commercialization could proceed on two fronts. First, is the ability to provide some protection to important satellite assets or aircraft by using the envisioned weapon systems to kill or inflict damage on incoming threats. Secondly, the upgraded end game lethality codes would be usable by the defense, intelligence, transportation and homeland security departments. In Phase I, the critical parameters to damage on a counter measure decoy will be investigated through CTH analysis and potential weaponization concepts suggested. Phase II, will validate these concepts against empirical or legacy data and use light gas gun testing as needed. A supplemental fast running algorithm/module for existing end game lethality software will be developed and validated. Finally, Phase III expands the weaponization concepts to provide for direct insertion into the BMDS midcourse elements. |
| STRATONICS, INC.
23151 Verdugo Drive, Suite 114 Laguna Hills, CA 92653 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 461-7060
Dr. Ronald Parker MDA 04-016 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced Discrimination Technologies and Concepts |
| Abstract: | Stratonics proposes to develop active mid course ballistic missile discrimination techniques which rely on the interaction of the clutter with an artificially produced plume. At altitudes of 140 miles the interaction will be free molecular. At lower altitudes the interaction will be dominated by continuum physics. Precise understanding of this interaction will allow for the midcourse discrimination algorithm to improve target detection and discrimination. Using shock tunnel measurements and high altitude chamber measurements, the impact of the active discrimination media will be measured on a simplistic advanced countermeasure model. The phase I proposal provides a proof-of-concept demonstration. In phase II, Stratonics will implement the measurement techniques to quantify the interaction envelope for the active discrimination technique. |
| EXOTHERM CORP.
1035 Line Street Camden, NJ 08103 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(856) 541-1949
Dr. Emil Shtessel MDA 04-017 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Consolidated High Density and High Energy Density Nanocomposites Produced by Arrested Reactive Milling |
| Abstract: | Highly reactive nanocomposite powders will be consolidated into solid shapes suitable for use as structural components of munitions. Nanostructured, reactive composites of intermetallic or thermite compositions have been prepared recently by Arrested Reactive Milling (ARM). Specific materials prepared previously include compositions in the systems Al-Fe2O3, Al-MoO3, and B-Ti. The prepared nanocomposites are micron-sized powders where individual particles are fully dense, nanostructured three-dimensional aggregates of materials capable of highly exothermic reactions. Due to the high degree of structural refinement within the particles, the interface area between the reactive components is very large; therefore, the reaction rates between the components are high. The reactive nanocomposites are suitable for established powder consolidation techniques such as pressing or rolling. Consolidated shapes of these materials are expected to be advantageous as structural members of penetrators, shells, and other munitions where they effectively increase the payload and enhance lethality while providing structural support. Research is proposed to determine the degree to which reactivity, density, and mechanical properties of consolidated shapes can be tuned to suit specific requirements. The ARM process is versatile and allows for use of many reactive combinations as well as for adjustment of reactivity and density. |
| GENERAL SCIENCES, INC.
205 Schoolhouse Road Souderton, PA 18964 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 723-8588
Dr. Peter D. Zavitsanos MDA 04-017 Awarded: 11MAY04 |
| Title: | Reactive Materials as Lethality Enhancers |
| Abstract: | There is a need to enhance the lethality of US interceptors against ballistic and cruise missiles especially those carrying chem/bio payload. The lethal radius of systems such as THAAD and others can be increased by the insertion of highly energetic composites as reactive materials of various densities. The proposed program describes several formulation approaches for property improvement and scale-up of compositions, which have already demonstrated superior performance is small-scale experiments. Several synthesis concepts are proposed for manufacturing and property evaluation in order to establish physical and reactive properties for consideration and insertion into the selective THAAD system as lethality enhancement options. As a Phase II program scale-up and ballistic evaluation is proposed of a miniature interceptor against a simulated missile target. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Dr. Brian K. Decker MDA 04-017 Awarded: 05MAY04 |
| Title: | Reactive Materials as Lethality Enhancers |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. and ATK Thiokol, Inc. propose to develop new classes of energetic structural composites and fabrication methods for components of Theater Missile Defense missiles, interceptors, and kill vehicles. Two major classes of reactive material will be developed: (1) high strength metal matrix composites with overpressure capability, (2) polymer matrix composites with enhanced strength, energy release, and reactive overpressure. These materials will combine the following properties: (i) high specific reactive energy content in the range of 4.5-11 kJ/g; (ii) stability under normal service conditions; (iii) ignition by shock pressure waves at the expected impact velocities; (iv) rapid combustion for prompt energy release; (v) overpressure for lethality enhancement; (vi) mechanical properties adequate for incorporation in KV designs as replacement components, and as lethality-enhancing add-ons. Novel metallurgical and polymer fabrication techniques will be applied in these material developments. In Phase I, we shall fabricate one structural composite selected from each of the two above-mentioned material classes, and characterize their energetic and mechanical properties. |
| CENTER FOR REMOTE SENSING, INC.
3702 Pender Drive, Suite 170 Fairfax, VA 22030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 385-7717
Dr. Suman Ganguly MDA 04-018 Selected for Award |
| Title: | GPS/INI Navigation for Microsatellites |
| Abstract: | This proposal describes a plan to use novel GPS/INS integrated system in the navigation, guidance and control system of microsatellites. The novel GPS/INS integration scheme will allow inexpensive attitude and position estimation with high fidelity and robustness. During Phase I we design such system and provide plans for integration within a microsatellite. A laboratory demonstration of the prototype will be performed during Phase II. |
| MICROCOSM, INC.
401 Coral Circle El Segundo, CA 90245 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 726-4100
Dr. James R. Wertz MDA 04-018 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Low Cost, High Precision Navigation and Attitude Determination System for Microsatellites |
| Abstract: | Microcosm and NAVSYS propose to develop and assess the performance of a precision navigation with integrated attitude determination (PNIAD) system designed specifically for microsatellites (mass < 100kg). Designing hardware for use on microsatellites requires more than simply reducing component size, weight, power, and cost. Satellite attitude properties and motion do not scale linearly with mass. Moments of inertia increase approximately as the fifth power of the radius, and the required control bandwidth decreases as the square of the radius. Thus, small spacecraft will be more agile, but also easier to tumble and will require much faster and more subtle control than traditional large satellites. With these effects in mind, Microcosm and NAVSYS will perform a systems-level design of a PNIAD system. The system will combine GPS receivers, microelectromechanical (MEMS) inertial measurement units (IMUs), and a miniature star tracker under development. Estimated performance for the integrated system will be compared to simulated results. Phase I will establish the design and system requirements for a microsatellite PNIAD system. Phase II will include prototype development and hardware tests. There will also be an option to add an Earth sensor for full redundancy, and an option to integrate Microcosm's software for autonomous orbit control. |
| MILLI SENSOR SYSTEMS & ACTUATORS
93 Border Street West Newton, MA 02465 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 965-1346
Dr. Donato (Dan) Cardarelli MDA 04-018 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A MEMS Gyro-Rebalanced Accelerometer for High Performance |
| Abstract: | MEMS accelerometers typically use force/torque rebalance applied by subcomponent actuators which, although well-understood, are seriously limited in performance by fundamental material stability issues. These deficiencies can be overcome by the introduction of "gyro-rebalance", which substitutes inertial force balancing (the use of gyro torque to counterbalance pendulum torque) for the actuators. The best example of a gyro-rebalance accelerometer is the ultra-high performance Pendulous Integrating Gyro Accelerometer (the "PIGA"), which is used in all U.S. strategic ballistic missile guidance systems. This proposal begins with the design of existing MEMS gyros and MEMS accelerometers under development at MSSA, and makes the necessary modifications to make a gyro-rebalance accelerometer. These instruments are being developed as components of an Integrated MEMS IMU under a Phase II SBIR contract from the Air Force. The gyro-rebalance mechanization is expected to improve both the scale factor and bias stability to achieve performance levels that are orders of magnitude better than currently available from MEMS accelerometers. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Ilya Agurok MDA 04-018 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Optical Range and Orientation System for Microsatellite Constellation |
| Abstract: | To address MDA needs for innovative concepts in precision navigation and associated guidance and control systems for microsatellites and microsatellite constellations, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Optical Range and Orientation System (OROS), applying the principles of absolute distance interferometry to precisely measure distances to three separate retroreflectors, installed on each microsatellite in the constellation. The results of these measurements will determine the relative locations and orientations of the microsatellites. The OROS system will have a performance range up to a few kilometers and an accuracy within the submillimeter range. OROS will significantly enhance the capability of microsatellite constellations to operate in flight formation and to perform tasks such as simultaneous multiperspective observation of Earth with unprecedented accuracy. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the OROS concept by developing a working system model and installing it on a moving platform. In Phase II, POC plans to develop a full-scale OROS prototype with electronic interfaces, and to test and evaluate this system in preparation for launch. |
| VIP SENSORS
302 Calle Paisano San Clemente, CA 92673 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 366-1254
Mr. Alex Karolys MDA 04-018 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Microsatellite Precision Guidance, Navigation, and Control Concepts |
| Abstract: | Measuring systems based on multiple numbers and types of optical sensors connected by a single optic fiber are highly desirable for microsatellites applications because they exhibit significant advantages over traditional systems, such as micro-miniature size, light weight, low power consumption, passive (no electrical signals), resistant to RFI/EMI interference, high precision, high sensitivity, wide bandwidth, elimination of interconnecting electrical wires, environmental ruggedness, etc. Unfortunately, current commercially available optical sensors and systems do not meet the high performance requirements within the mass, volume and power constraints of this solicitation. VIP Sensors proposes to develop a silicon micromachined (MEMS) optical accelerometer configured as a single and / or multiple axis unit to measure very precise low levels signals. They are Fabry-Perot interferometer based sensors built with special mirrors using innovative design concepts that make possible the serial concatenation of multiple and different type optical sensors on a single optic fiber using Wave Division Multiplexing techniques. There are two optical sensors types pertinent to this solicitation, the Fabry-Perot interferometer and the Bragg Grating. The extrinsic nature of the first type allows optimization of the sensor's mechanical structure; but unfortunately they require expensive bulky time multiplexed electronics. Fiber grating types may use wave division multiplexing techniques, but their intrinsic configuration does not allow for optimization of the sensor's mechanical structure to achieve the accelerometer's required high performance. VIP Sensors' unique proposed approach exhibits the serial interconnection of multiple sensors and sensor types typical of the Bragg Grating sensors and the flexibility to form mechanical structures attributed to extrinsic Fabry-Perot sensors; i.e. it combines the best attributes of both of these traditional sensors. The overall objective of Phase I is to develop a detailed concept design of a high performance MEMS optical accelerometer that can be packaged as a single and triaxial transducer to be used for guidance and navigation as well as for engine and structural condition monitoring of microsatellites. Prototype units will be built and tested in Phase II. VIP Sensors proposes to use a Variable Capacitor (VC) type of structure since its designs are well known and are commonly used for accelerometers. Instead of measuring the capacitance (which changes in proportion to acceleration) with an electrical excitation signal, VIP Sensors proposes to measure the capacitor plates' gap with light. The capacitor plates become the parallel mirrors of the Fabry-Perot interferometer cavity. This design approach improves the high performance of the highly successful VC accelerometer while eliminating all of the bias and sensitivity stability problems introduced by the electrical system. It becomes a passive senso |
| ALAMEDA APPLIED SCIENCES CORPORATIO
2235 Polvorosa Avenue, Suite 230 San Leandro, CA 94577 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 483-4156
Dr. Jochen Schein MDA 04-019 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Pulsed FEEP Thruster With Adjustable ISP For Precision Propulsion |
| Abstract: | AASC proposes to develop a pulsed field emisson electric propulsion system with adjustable specific impulse for microsatellites. A multiemitter liquid metal ion source array is paired with an innovative pulsing network that allows ion emission to be switched using pulses of a few hundred volts. A new automated system is proposed to ensure high effciency over a wide range of ISP. The phase I will develop and test a prototype system to prove the concept. The phase II effort will scale this system up using MEMS technology. |
| BUSEK CO., INC.
11 Tech Circle Natick, MA 01760 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 655-5565
Dr. Vlad Hruby MDA 04-019 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Simple Colloid Thruster for Generating Precise Impulse Thrust |
| Abstract: | For this Phase I SBIR, we propose to design, fabricate, and test a colloid thruster integrated with an on/off microvalve. The design leverages Busek's accumulated expertise in colloid thruster development, gained through NASA's ST7 project, toward developing a general-purpose, flexible, and miniaturized micropropulsion system. Busek has already demonstrated a flight-viable colloid thruster architecture with Isp of ~500s, efficiencies of up to 70% (depending upon operating mode), thrust ratio greater than 20:1, minimum thrust of 0.15 microNewtons, 0.001 microNewton controllable thrust resolution, and lifetime of 2500 hours with no deterioration in performance. We shall develop the prototype design with an eye toward modularity and scalability, with the objective of providing a single thruster system with large dynamic thrust range, up to milliNewtons, while maintaining micro- and nano- Newton thrust resolution. Our Phase I effort shall focus primarily upon a simplified system of a single colloid thruster and valve, focusing upon integration of valve and thruster into a single package. Performance testing on a thrust stand shall be performed to verify the design as well as demonstrate and measure operation in an `impulse bit' mode. |
| PHOTONIC ASSOC.
200A Ojo de la Vaca Road Santa Fe, NM 87508 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 466-3877
Dr. Claude Phipps MDA 04-019 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Precision Propulsion Concepts for Microsatellites |
| Abstract: | We will develop a detailed conceptual design study of precision propulsion techniques, and quantify the expected performance characteristics with analysis, modeling and hardware. We will determine spacecraft performance criteria for spacecraft operating in clusters, propulsion system requirements, and analyze spacecraft vector velocity and placement precison vs. thruster parameters. A key feature of our analysis will be assessing the suitability of PA's micro-laser-plasma thrusters (uLPT's) to precision propulsion of spacecraft. These include the model "A" uLPT, a millisecond-pulse diode laser driven device, and the newer model "B", which is a nanosecond-pulse fiber laser driven thruster. The model "B" is an exciting development which we believe will prove a perfect match to the precision propulsion problem. Both models feature minimum impulse bits of order 400 piconewton-seconds. Model "A" has demonstrated operation over a continuous range from 400 piconewtons (1 impulse bit/s) to 960 micronewtons maximum thrust. The model "B" will require thrust and single pulse operation testing in the laboratory. As part of this effort, we will adapt existing theory to include the effects of multiple laser shots on one irradiation site. |
| APPLIED THERMAL SCIENCES
PO Box C, 1861 Main St. Sanford, ME 04073 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(207) 459-7777
Mr. Karl V. Hoose MDA 04-020 Awarded: 01MAY04 |
| Title: | Innovative Techniques for Missile Defense - Proportional Hot Gas Actuator for DACS |
| Abstract: | A key system in the development of effective KEI vehicles is the divert and attitude control system (DACS). The DACS are responsible for maneuvering the interceptor vehicle to its target. A vital component to the DACS is the thruster, which provides effective control of vehicle divert. Solid propellant DACS thrusters employ a adjustable pintle for controlling the thrust level. Movement of the pintle for smooth operation is currently accomplished with hydraulic or electro-mechanical (EM) actuators that require a significant portion of the total vehicle power. As the DAC thrust and duration requirements increase, the power requirements increase dramatically, where EM actuation results in significantly increased weight and packaging challenges. The focus of this effort is to minimize the electrical power requirements and size of the DACS. The proposed innovative technique utilizes hot gases from the gas generator to drive the pintle actuation in a proportional mode. Accomplishing this task will drastically reduce the electrical power requirements for DACS on-board interceptor vehicles. Hence, the weight, size, and cost of the interceptor vehicles are significantly reduce, and provide a more reliable and effective ballistic missile defense system. |
| CFD RESEARCH CORP.
215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 726-4800
Dr. Peter A. Liever MDA 04-020 Awarded: 04MAY04 |
| Title: | Multidisciplinary Virtual Simulation Environment for Missile Interception |
| Abstract: | The overall objective of this effort is to develop a multidisciplinary virtual environment for modeling and simulation of the processes undertaken in typical missile interception program. In the proposed technology, computational modules for external missile aerodynamics, six-degrees-of-freedom, guidance and control, finite-element structure dynamics, and fluid-structure interaction will be coupled together as a single virtual simulation environment. The proposed environment will be capable of simulating the missile interception processes including the effects of thrust generation, missile aerodynamics, missile staging, fin/canard deployment, sub-munitions dispensing and interfacing with guidance and control systems. The proposed development will leverage existing technologies for fluid/structure and 6DOF modeling. The Phase I effort will focus on the development of integration modules for coupling control modules to the simulation environment. Phase I effort will demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed technology for missile interception simulation by conducting a closed-loop control missile pitch maneuver simulation, and will define the complete requirements for developing the simulation environment In Phase II, The interface modules will be developed and the simulation environment will be demonstrated and validated. A finite-element structure dynamics module will be integrated with the environment with capabilities for MATLAB/Simulink control to enable simulation of typical and complete missile interception programs. |
| COMPUTATIONAL SENSORS CORP.
201 N. Calle Cesar Chavez, Suite 203 Santa Barbara, CA 93103 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 962-1175
Dr. Mark Jones MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Alternate Architecture For Focal Plane Resistive Grid Processing and Readout |
| Abstract: | Low power real-time processing of large area image sensor data is not computationally feasible using existing digital technology. This computational bottleneck is circumvented by using neuromorphic arrays in low-power analog vision processing systems.Computational Sensors Corporation (CSC) proposes to develop core enabling technologies that comprise a new massively parallel 3-D structure of highly integrated, multi-layered, programmable analog VLSI image processing architecture to meet navigation and guidance requirements in mobile platform applications, enabling the first new architectural approach to the readout of staring focal plane sensors since their invention in the early 1970's - continuous parallel processing without synchronous multiplexer operations.We propose to develop modular, wide dynamic range analog filter array layers for incorporation into multi-layered architectures using state-of-the-art micro-via vertical interconnect technology to seamlessly link unit cells of adjacent layers. This concept extends our previous work using Thin Film Analog Image Processors (TAIP) and CMOS analog image processors for spatio-temporal motion detection. The new architecture will provide continuous, non-multiplexed, computational capabilities that allow direct (no storage well) sampling of IR sensor irradiance. Full utilization of the sensor spectral dynamic range, improved signal to noise performance, and alias free operation will be possible as in biological systems. |
| CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP.
727 Airport Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 668-2567
Dr. Charles J. Cohen, Ph.D. MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Physics Based Missile Trajectory Discrimination Algorithms |
| Abstract: | We believe we have an innovative method for discriminating between real incoming missiles and decoys in a cluttered environment. We have developed a method for taking continuous position information and, using a physical model based on Newton's Laws of Motion and advanced mathematics developed in the field of modern control theory, we have developed algorithms and systems for discriminating between different types of physical motions and activities. The system developed was used for recognizing various human hand and body motions - specifically, gesture recognition. Our goal for the Phase I is to demonstrate that the same physics-based algorithms used for discriminating human gestures and behaviors can also be used to track and identify incoming ballistic missiles. While the motions are quite different, the mathematics behind gesture recognition, as shown in Section d, can work in both areas. Therefore, instead of using this gesture recognition for human-computer interaction, we will leverage our work in this area to create a Target Interception using Gesture Recognition (TIGER) system that will identify, track, and predict the course of incoming missiles and associated decoys. The TIGER system will also discriminate between incoming missiles and decoys, in a manner similar to discriminating between similar human-generated gestures. |
| DAVIDSON TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
530 Discovery Drive Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 922-0720
Dr. William Davis MDA 04-020 Awarded: 03MAY04 |
| Title: | Innovative Techniques for Missile Defense |
| Abstract: | Davidson Technolotgies Inc. has proposed a task for concept development of a probe based Optical Adjunct Sensor for Ballistic Missile Defense. Phase I goals are to define the operational context for such a sensor, including trajcetory shape and orientation relative to threat ballistic missiles, viewing range and time, examining deployment time to support GMDS engagements and define it's potential contribution to discrimination capability. This concept is derived from the GSTS program of the late 80s and will provide an updated look based on newer and emerging sensor technologies and the current mission of GMDS against smaller numbers of threat ballistic missiles. |
| DECIBEL RESEARCH, INC.
PO Box 5368 Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 716-0787
Dr. Enrico C. Poggio MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | LADAR Discrimination Using Holographic Techniques |
| Abstract: | This effort proposes a unique LADAR system concept, based on holographic methods that can potentially enhance Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS) discrimination performance The concept extends conventional holographic methods by exploiting modern beam forming and digital signal processing techniques, as well as advances in laser and photo detector technologies that may permit successful ballistic missile defense applications, particularly in the area of lethal target discrimination. Holographic images have the potential of providing added target features for discrimination that may not be obtainable from other types of LADAR images. In addition, since holographic imaging is a lens less process it may not require stringent a priori knowledge of target kinematic and dynamic properties, as is the case with, for example, focused range-Doppler imaging. The system envisioned would consist of a pulsed laser transmitter to illuminate the target, and a local reference laser in conjunction with a photo detector array to record both the amplitude and the phase of the target backscatter. Modern beam forming techniques, developed for RF applications, but extendable to this process, will be used to generate the images, while fine resolution digital signal processing methods, like the two dimensional Prony method, would be used to estimate useful target size, shape, configuration and motion parameters. These digital signal processing methods are also implemented to mitigate unreasonably large photo detector arrays that might be required when using conventional imaging generation algorithms for ballistic missile defense applications. This imaging system has the potential to provide useful target information in a few of the BMDS deployment phases The algorithm derived algorithms can be integrated into the current multisensor fusion Decision Architecture and or Discrimination Algorithm Suites developed by Project Hercules. |
| INFINERA CORP.
1322 Bordeaux Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94089 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 572-5433
Dr. Radha Nagarajan MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Photonic Integrated Circuit Based Multi-Channel WDM Transceiver for Satellite Communications |
| Abstract: | In this project Infinera will research and develop a lightweight, low power dissipation, high output power, miniature multi-channel WDM optical transceiver module based on revolutionary new Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs), integrated with high-performance microwave components. The high integration level of monolithic PICs, coupled with high-performance mixed-signal broadband microwave ICs and advanced packaging technologies, provide an order of magnitude reduction in weight, power consumption, size and cost compared to alternate approaches. The transceiver is optimized for satellite communications systems, meeting optical performance as well as environmental and reliability requirements for space based modules. Applications include satellite crosslinks and downlinks where erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) booster and preamplifiers provide the additional link budget, and multi-channel intra-satellite communications without the need for external optical amplification. The fully integrated transceiver provides multiple independent WDM channels, supporting a very broad range of data rates independently on each channel, increasing the available capacity on next generation satellite optical communication links. |
| MAGNOLIA OPTICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
52-B Cummings Park, Suite 314 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 503-1200
Mr. E. James Egerton MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Single Photon Detection 4096x4096 Scalable UV Focal Plane Array with High Quantum Efficiency for Boost Phase Missile Defense Applications |
| Abstract: | In order to detect missile launches in the Boost phase, large format UV focal planes capable of detecting 200-350 nm have great promise. In this proposal, Magnolia Optical Technologies describes UV focal planes containing many millions of pixels capable of high performance required to detect boost phase launches. Magnolia proposes the design and development of a 4096x4096 UV focal plane. Using silicon based micro-channel plate technology, with pores sizes of two micron diameter with three micron pitch will be fabricated using photolithographic/ ICP etching technology. Magnolia proposes to achieve quantum efficiencies of greater then 40% at 250 nm, a wide band-gap semiconductor, GaN will be deposited, using MOCVD process, on the pores to serve as high performance photocathode. This assembly is mounted on a multi-layer ceramic board (MCB) and read-out integrated circuits are placed on the opposite side of the MCB . Using these fabrication technologies will result in cost effective innovative large format UV focal planes for boost phase detection systems. |
| NLIGHT PHOTONICS
5408 NE 88th Street, Bldg E Vancouver, WA 98665 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(360) 566-4472
Mr. Mark DeFranza MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ultra-High Reliability Laser Diode Packages |
| Abstract: | Advanced missile defense systems require low repetition rate high pulse energy diode pumped solid state lasers with relatively high pulse energies. Historically, the quasi-continuous wave (QCW) diode laser pumps have not yielded the optical performance or, more notably, the reliability required by the application. We propose to alleviate this issue with a breakthrough packaging approach that will enable multi-bar packages to be produced that are 10 to 100 times more reliable than today's state of the art 10,000 hour packages. By minimizing the junction temperature, dramatically reducing mounting stresses in the bar, and eliminating solder related reliability issues, this approach will yield optical performance improvements in addition to enhanced reliability. |
| PC PHOTONICS
64 Windward Way Waterford, CT 06385 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 443-4356
Dr. Peter Cheo MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative High-Energy Lasers for Missile Defense |
| Abstract: | This small business innovation research is aimed to generate tens of mJ pulse energy in a pulse width of < 10 n-sec from an air-cooled multicore fiber laser array. This laser can be packaged into a compact and light-weight enclosure that requires a minimum thermal management. PC Photonics has demonstrated coherent power-combining of a 7-core and also a 19-core Yb-doped fiber laser array embedded in a common cladding. The Company has also obtained Q-switched pulses from the 7-core fiber laser with an output pulse energy of ~ 1 mJ with < 20 n-sec pulse width. A kinetic model has been established to verify our experimental results and to predict the performance of Q-switched multicore fiber lasers. This proposal presents a detailed description of a 37-core Yb-doped fiber laser, which is capable of generating > 12 mJ pulse energy in a width of < 10 n-sec at Q-switching rates ranging from 0.4 to 10 kHz. Because fiber laser has very high optical conversion efficiency and does not require cooling, it is suitable for space-borne system applications. Under Phase I a conceptual design analysis for a high-energy pulsed fiber laser utilizing multicore fiber laser technology will be performed with the emphasis on the fiber architecture and fast Q-switching techniques to achieve highest pulse energy in very short duration. Another key issue to be addressed in Phase I is the power damage at the active region due to very high peak intensity (~ 4 GW/cm2). To alleviate this problem, the silica fiber material quality must be greatly improved, because 4 GW/cm2 is far below the intrinsic material damage threshold of pure silica. |
| PHOTODIGM, INC.
1155 E. Collins Blvd. #200 Richardson, TX 75081 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(972) 235-7584
Dr. Sarvotham Bhandarkar MDA 04-020 Awarded: 12MAY04 |
| Title: | Low-Cost Multi-Wavelength, Laser Transmitter Package for WDM Applications |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of a multi-wavelength laser transmitter package for WDM applications that enables multiplexing of wavelengths without the use of filters, waveguides, couplers and fiber splicing. The multi-wavelength laser transmitter combines 4 or more wavelengths in the infrared spectrum (~1310 nm) in a small form-factor uncooled package. The transmitter is capable of supporting 10-Gigabit transmission over 300 m distances using multi-mode fiber making it suitable for use in high-speed defense communication systems as well as commercial CWDM fiber optic communication systems. Passive alignment and high volume semiconductor assembly technology can be used to manufacture the package. This results in a more robust, reliable, low-cost and manufacturable transmitter. The transmitter package is enabled by the unique characteristics of Photodigm's long-wavelength surface emitting GSE laser. |
| PHOTONIC SYSTEMS, INC.
900 Middlesex Turnpike, Building #5 Billerica, MA 01821 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 670-4990
Dr. Rod Waterhouse MDA 04-020 Awarded: 03JUN04 |
| Title: | Innovative Antenna Front End with High T/R Isolation over a Wide RF Band |
| Abstract: | Advanced MDA phased array antennas will require fractional bandwidths of at least 10:1, e.g. 2 - 20 GHz. The relatively low return loss of broad bandwidth antenna elements, typically < 15 dB, means that ~1/10 of transmit signal leaks into the receive path; for a 100 W transmit signal, this means ~10 W in the receive path! To avoid damage to the receive path requires protection devices that introduce loss, which in turn increases the noise figure, thereby reducing the radar's range and detection ability. A wide bandwidth, low return loss antenna element has remained a classic, outstanding problem in antenna design. PSI proposes to solve this problem through an innovative design concept that takes a fundamentally new approach. This approach is particularly well suited to interfacing with antenna elements using fiber optic antenna remoting. The result will be a broad bandwidth antenna element, suitable for use in a phased array, that has a return loss of at least 30 dB. As a calibration on the magnitude of this break through, recall that heretofore this level of antenna return loss has only been available in single element, narrow bandwidth (resonant) antennas, which typically have ~10% bandwidth |
| PHOTONIC SYSTEMS, INC.
900 Middlesex Turnpike, Building #5 Billerica, MA 01821 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 670-4990
Dr. Charles H. Cox MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Novel Photonic T/R Module |
| Abstract: | Future MDA missions will require greater bandwidth and flexibility from their phased array antennas. One of the bottlenecks in present antenna systems is the transmit-receive (T/R) module. The limited bandwidth (<2:1) and T/R isolation (<20 dB) of present RF circulators severely restrict radar system design. RF switches provide better performance (~10:1 bandwidth, ~40 dB T/R isolation) but do not permit transmitting and receiving on separate bands simultaneously. Photonic Systems proposes an innovative, photonics-based T/R module that has the potential to provide a previously un-attainable combination of features, prime among them: 20:1 bandwidth (e.g. 2 to 40 GHz), 80 dB effective T/R isolation and simultaneous T/R (on different bands). Laboratory measurements of the PSI T/R module built with COTS components have confirmed its basic operating principals. However, connection to an antenna and antenna range measurements are required to confirm other aspects of its performance, especially its ability to transmit and receive on different bands simultaneously. The results of the Phase I analysis and measurements will provide the basis for planning the further development of PSI's novel antenna interface. |
| RESEARCHSOUTH, INC.
555 Sparkman Dr., Suite 1612 Huntsville, AL 35816 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 721-1769
Dr. Lawrence W. Spradley MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Kinetic Boltzmann Turbulence Method For Improved Predictions of High Energy Beam Quality |
| Abstract: | ResearchSouth will develop a software product for predicting the effects of turbulent boundary layers and separated regions for analysis and design of defensive missile systems. The basis of the predictive tool is a breakthrough methodology for turbulent compressible aerodynamic flow computation using a kinetic model with the Boltzmann equation. This is an entirely new and different approach from typical Navier-Stokes methods with turbulence modeling which have difficulty producing accurate results. In our Phase I effort, we will formulate turbulence as a collision model in the Boltzmann equation using turbulent eddies as the distribution function. The collision source term will be evaluated by relaxation from an equilibrium state using a computed turbulent length scale. The solution of this model will be the number density distribution of the turbulent eddies. By taking moments of the Boltzmann solutions - the macroscopic flow field quantities, velocity, density, pressure, temperature, and the turbulent viscosity, and length scales are obtained. We will use existing ResearchSouth software for geometry definition, spatial meshing and equation solution. We will then link the turbulent flow results to relevant BMD design issues, such as nozzle flow, external aerodynamic coefficients, and aero-optics effects relevant to airborne lasers and endo-atmospheric interceptors. |
| RYAN ASSOC., INC.
3 Heritage Way, Suite 5 Gloucester, MA 01930 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 283-3144
Mr. Richard Ryan MDA 04-020 Awarded: 06MAY04 |
| Title: | Innovative Techniques for Missile Defense: HALO II Plus Midcourse Track Simulator |
| Abstract: | A significant problem in the development of future missile defense architectures is the lack of a comprehensive multi-sensor tracking tool that enables rapid assessment of sensor combinations in the prediction of endgame intercept conditions. The SIMTAS Multi-Sensor Midcourse Model (MSMM) has the promise of overcoming this difficulty and enabling rapid, cost effective analysis of various missile defense sensor architecture combinations. The development of MSMM will allow for the inclusion of aircraft platforms with overhead sensors and ground-based radars that can effectively simulate multi-sensor missile architecture midcourse track performance. |
| SCIENTIFIC MATERIALS CORP.
310 Icepond Road Bozeman, MT 59715 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(406) 585-3772
Mr. Zachary Cole MDA 04-020 Awarded: 04MAY04 |
| Title: | Active frequency stabilized laser systems for high performance defense applications |
| Abstract: | This proposed Phase I project is aimed at developing a turn-key highly-coherent laser system for commercial and high-performance military applications. The core technology of the proposed system is based on regenerative spectral hole burning (RSHB) materials. RSHB materials currently provide the narrowest optical resonance recorded in a solid state material. The ultra-narrow resonant structure of RSHB materials is immune to external vibrations, making this technology ideal for systems operating in high vibration environments typical of aircraft and naval vessels. In these high-vibration environments, traditional optical frequency references are susceptible to failure. This proposed effort will concentrate on device development in three areas that are crucial to bring this technology to a commercial state including: 1) RSHB frequency discriminator model verification for operational tuning of the device parameters for improved performance; 2) simulation and analysis of a digital servo control design; and 3) system component analysis leading to down selection for the commercial product. Successful completion of these efforts will enable a system prototype to be built and tested in phase II of this project that will achieve kHz linewidths in a robust and highly deployable package. |
| SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS CO., INC.
500 West Cummings Park - Ste 3 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 933-5355
Dr. Adel El-Fallah MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Narrowband Passive Bistatic RF for Ballistic Missiles Defense |
| Abstract: | Rapid, continuous, and comprehensive forward-based sensing of ballistic missiles is an increasingly important challenge. Wideband Passive Coherent Localization (wideband PCL), using single receivers and multiple sources of opportunity, has been proposed as a possible solution to this problem. Scientific Systems Company, Inc. (SSCI) of Woburn MA and its subcontractor Lockheed Martin Tactical Systems of Eagan MN, propose a different and potentially superior PCL approach based on multiple, small, and relatively inexpensive receiver and signal processing systems that exploit NARROWBAND PCL sources of opportunity. Compared to wideband PCL, narrowband PCL offers roughly three times the detection range and greatly enhanced clutter rejection using relatively small and inexpensive receiver-antenna packages. As a result, narrowband PCL processing offers covert, inexpensive, continuous, wide-area, all-weather, high-accuracy forward-based detection and tracking of missiles during boost and early midcourse phases; and, with handoff to and from other sensors, potential ability to track entire trajectories. Narrowband PCL processing introduces new technical challenges---specifically, the necessity of indirect inference of missile range and velocity---that the proposed work will address. Phase I will demonstrate the potential feasibility of a mobile narrowband tracking system by performing the following tasks: (1) develop narrowband PCL signal processing algorithms; (2) test these algorithms in simulated, reduced-complexity scenarios; (3) identify suitable COTS antenna equipment; (4) estimate the weight and volume of a system to demonstrate transportability; and (5) develop a detailed Phase II plan that include laboratory processing of raw RF data collected at a launch site, and a detailed layout of the equipment in each vehicle. The project team includes Dr. Ronald Mahler of Lockheed Martin. Lockheed Martin will provide both technical and commercialization support in the application of PCL technologies. |
| SSG, INC.
65 Jonspin Road Wilmington, MA 01887 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 694-9991
Mr. Jay Schwartz MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | SiC All Reflective Telescope Supporting Spiral Upgrades for Emerging Kill Vehicle Architectures to Counter Future Ballistic Missile Threats |
| Abstract: | Spiral improvements to seekers used in kinetic kill vehicles such as EKV and KEI include the addition of new electro-optic sensors including: LADAR, dual-wavelength focal planes, and additional spectral bands. Historically full advantage of these capability upgrades cannot be achieved because of the required extensive redesign (with the resulting large nonrecurring cost) for current telescopes since each system is designed around a specific sensor suite and optimized for that solution. SSG Precision Optronics, Inc. proposes a novel telescope architecture combining the advantages of SSGPO's low cost cast SiC optical telescope technologies and low cost, highly producible optical design forms pioneered by Raytheon Missile Systems to achieve a telescope design that can be upgraded and improved with minimal reengineering. |
| STARSYS RESEARCH
4909 Nautilus Ct. North Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 530-1925
Mr. Bryan R. Helgesen MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative Techniques for Missile Defense - Low-Shock Separation System |
| Abstract: | The Ground-Based Midcourse Defense kill vehicle launched by the Ground-Based Interceptor is sensitive to mechanical shock. The kill vehicle is subjected to mechanical shock when the shroud separates from the interceptor and when the second stage separates from the third stage. Both separation events are initiated by pyrotechnic devices. To increase the probability of the kill vehicle withstanding these shocks, various shock isolation and attenuation systems have been proposed. An alternate approach to protecting the kill vehicle is to reduce the shock generated by the separation systems. The reduction of the magnitude of these source shocks warrants further investigation. Starsys Research Corporation proposes the development of a low-shock separation system with direct applicability to all potential launch vehicle and spacecraft staging events. The proposed system would provide a common, scaleable solution for both linear structural interfaces, such as Boeing's GMD fairing shroud longitudinal seam, and typical circular interfaces, such as those required for payload and primary launch vehicle staging events. The proposed innovation is a system comprising a) a low-shock release mechanism, and b) a series of mechanical "slave" elements providing a simple load path, and which provide separation of the structural interfaces upon actuation of the release mechanism. The release mechanism is capable of being used as a discrete point device, or when mechanically tied to the slave elements, provides a mechanical system adoptable to both linear and circular applications. |
| TECHNOLOGIES & DEVICES INTERNATIO
12214 Plum Orchard Dr Silver Spring, MD 20904 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 572-7834
Dr. Vladimir Dmitriev MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Novel cost-effective technical approach for production of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs on 6 inch Sapphire Substrates |
| Abstract: | The goal of this proposal is to demonstrate large area manufacturing technology for high performance AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) for radar and RF applications. TDI proposes to develop novel epitaxial technology for HEMTs structures on large area sapphire substrates based on hydride vapor phase epitaxial (HVPE) approach. TDI recently demonstrated the first-ever nitride HEMT grown by HVPE. The HEMT structures were grown on 2" sapphire substrates and when processed at University of Florida demonstrated performance comparable with current MOCVD and MBE technology. This is significant as fabricating the HEMT structure by HVPE gives a greater than 50% cost advantage over industry-standard MOCVD and MBE technologies. TDI achieved another breakthrough recently by demonstrating 4" GaN and 6" AlN epi capability. Combining these technologies provides an innovate approach to achieve low cost manufacturing of high power/frequency nitride HEMT epiwafers. |
| TESLA LABORATORIES, INC.
3524 S Street NW Washington, DC 20007 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(414) 807-0006
Dr. George Stejic MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Battle Management/Command and Control System Performance Simulator |
| Abstract: | This proposed program seeks to develop, demonstrate, and commercialize a versatile new computer modeling approach for simulating and predicting the Battle Management, Command, Control, Computers and Communications (BMC4) operation and performance for the Ballistic Missile Defense System currently under development by the Missile Defense Agency. It will model BMC4 network performance by: 1.) modeling each BMC4 component, 2.) simulating the digital passed between the BMC4 components and 3.) emulating data flow through the BMC4 system. The program will calculate the: 1.) Data Latency, 2.) Component Loading and 3.) Economic Cost for potential engineering designs; thereby providing BMC4 architects with an urgently needed tool for better designing/modifying future BMC4 systems. Present Joint National Integration Center initiatives and programs model the missile defense battlespace and focus on developing strategies to win a missile defense fight. However, they do not actually model BMC4 architecture operation from a component perspective (EADTB models the relationships between the sensors, weapons, and BMC4 nodes, but only at a high level). Therefore, there is currently no BMC4 design tool that models the interaction of the networks, computers, and software. The goal of this proposal is to solve this deficiency. |
| TOYON RESEARCH CORP.
Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 968-6787
Mr. Michael P. Grace MDA 04-020 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative Techniques for Missile Defense |
| Abstract: | Toyon Research Corporation proposes to develop and demonstrate an innovative super-lightweight, multiple-beam, radar antenna that is ideally suited to cruise missile defense and other surveillance applications aboard high-altitude airships. The antenna provides surveillance coverage over a wide scan volume (up to 360 degrees) and continuous tracking of a limited number of targets anywhere in the scan volume. Most of the antenna structure is composed of thin membranes which are inflated within the body of the airship to create a very large, precision structure with exceptionally low mass. The design is carefully tailored to provide good beam quality and efficiency over the full scan volume while simplifying the multi-beam feed system. |
| VOXTEL, INC.
12725 SW Millikan Way, Suite 300 Beaverton, OR 97005 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(503) 906-7906
Mr. James Gates MDA 04-020 Awarded: 03JUN04 |
| Title: | Innovative Techniques for Missile Defense |
| Abstract: | Voxtel, Inc. proposes to optimize the design of a 1.00-æm to 1.55-æm near infrared (NIR) linear mode (LM)HgCdTe avalanche photodiode (APD) array that achieves high gain with nearly no excess noise, so as to achieve high bandwidth (e.g. > 1 GHz) single photon counting laser radar (LADAR) operation. Leveraging the low noise LM avalanche gain and our low noise CMOS LADAR receiver circuitry, we will achieve photon counting without Geiger Mode (GM) operation. The benefits of the innovation are significant. As the afterpulsing and quenching time associated with GM APD operation limits bandwidth and requires excessive pixel circuitry, the innovation offers the potential for dramatically higher bandwidth, compact, single photon sensitive LADAR systems with potentially higher reliability and with no breakdown-induced cross talk. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
6 New England Executive Park Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-3378
Mr. David Fay MDA 04-021 Awarded: 05MAY04 |
| Title: | Dual-Band Infrared Image Fusion & Target Detection |
| Abstract: | A boost-phase intercept (BPI) system aims to destroy attacking intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) while the booster rockets are still burning and before they have deployed mid-course decoys or released their munitions. Detection and tracking of the incoming missile under changing atmospheric conditions is a significant challenge for the BPI system. Including a dual-band mid-wave infrared (MWIR) / long-wave infrared (LWIR) imager on the interceptor or airborne laser (ABL) platform will enable the BPI system to take advantage of the strong MWIR and LWIR signatures of the rocket plume and the missile body, respectively. In Phase I, we propose to demonstrate the feasibility of neural methods for image conditioning, image fusion, and target learning to detect missile bodies and plumes in dual-band MWIR/LWIR imagery of ICBM launches. To accomplish this we will modify our existing methods for dynamic range compression, image fusion, and target learning & detection to process multi-band infrared imagery. We will also explore techniques for adapting the learned representation of the target to changing atmospheric conditions as the target missile continues through the boost-phase of its launch. In addition, we propose to discover which spectral features are important for learning the signatures of the plume and missile body. |
| INTEGRATED SENSORS, INC.
502 Court St., Suite 210 Utica, NY 13502 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(315) 798-1377
Dr. Charles Ferrara MDA 04-021 Awarded: 03MAY04 |
| Title: | Processing techniques for Multiple Wavelength Infrared Sensors |
| Abstract: | This proposal extends the maximum likelihood concept as applied to the adaptive detection of unresolved, sub-pixel targets with unknown spectral signatures. This technique was developed by current ISI personnel. The clutter is modeled stochastically with a spatial - spectral covariance matrix. The target model is partially stochastic and partially deterministic. Within any given spectral band the spatial target signature is deterministic. For the sub-pixel target application, a system point spread function (PSF) is used. The PSF is allowed to vary spectrally, due to the dependency of a sensor's diffractive PSF on the spectral wavelength. The spectral target signature is completely stochastic and must be determined at each pixel using maximum likelihood estimation techniques. Based on these assumptions, an optimal maximum likelihood processor is derived. ISI proposes to expand upon encouraging performance results on real IR data. Detection probabilities are shown in many cases to improve significantly when compared to spatial-only detection processes. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
IT Division, 20600 Gramercy Place Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Vahid Riasati MDA 04-021 Awarded: 06MAY04 |
| Title: | Advanced Data Synthesis by the Projection-Slice Theorem |
| Abstract: | To meet the MDA requirements, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Advanced Data Synthesis by the Projection-Slice Theorem (ADS-PST) software/hardware technology capable of spatial and temporal data registration, real-time data processing and communication, and on-line sensor calibration for real-time target acquisition, tracking, and discrimination. ADS-PST will consist of three major components: a data de-synthesis algorithm, data analysis and evaluation support hardware, and a real-time data re-synthesis system with monitoring software. The ADS-PST receives sensor data from various levels and wavelengths of the FPA, and then analyzes and preprocesses/de-synthesizes, processes, and combines them for re-synthesis and transmission. Fused data can also be used for other purposes such as tracking and discriminating a threat object. In Phase I, POC will develop advanced data synthesis algorithms and simulate them to show feasibility of the concepts described. The new algorithms will be verified by applying them to simulated data. In Phase II, the advanced data synthesis system will be implemented on special purpose hardware and integrated with existing systems to show proof of concept in implementation. |
| COMPUTATIONAL SENSORS CORP.
201 N. Calle Cesar Chavez, Suite 203 Santa Barbara, CA 93103 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 962-1175
Mr. Jeff Scott MDA 04-022 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Analog Image Processing for Improved Hypertemporal ELDT SNR |
| Abstract: | During Phase I Computational Sensors Corp. (CSC) will develop spatial and temporal domain filtering approaches for improving the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) in high frame rate image data enabling all-weather hypertemporal ELDT techniques to robustly identify a missile launch in solar background scatter. The processing will be designed to discriminate between solar background scatter and missile plume signatures for high-altitude airborne and space based sensing platforms. The processing approaches to be explored will reflect a physical implementation where detector data is processed in the analog domain relying on pixel-to-pixel micro-via connectivity being developed through the DARPA VISA program. Performing signal processing prior to digitization improves the signal dynamic range and SNR through background subtraction. Boost-phase intercepts have an extremely compressed time line requiring fire control commit to be determined within the first minute following launch for an endo-atmospheric or low exo-atmospheric intercept. Current surveillance systems provide launch detection after the threat has breached the cloud layer. Hypertemporal approaches which exploit the high-frequency signature of missile plumes scattered through cloud layers has the potential to provide all weather early launch detection, and possibly, detection at ignition capability. Under a Phase II program, simulation and design would progress with production of a demonstration chip. |
| DYMAS RESEARCH, INC.
2910 Fox Run Dr. Plainsboro, NJ 08536 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 865-1103
Dr. Wei Hu MDA 04-022 Selected for Award |
| Title: | An innovative Target Discrimination Technique |
| Abstract: | The field of hyperspectral imaging has undergone tremendous development in the past decade. Research and development of the hyperspectral imaging in military applications has primarily focused on air-to-ground and space-to-ground reconnaissance of stationary military targets and terrestrial backgrounds. In this SBIR program, researchers of Dymas Research propose an innovative hyperspectral imaging system using our advanced high-speed electronic tunable filter system. This system has many critical advantages in term of cost, speed, power, and platform stability. We are confident that this unique hyperspectral imaging systems will provide a promising solution to low-cost, high performance target detection and discrimination for military and civilian applications. |
| SCITEC, INC.
100 Wall Street Princeton, NJ 08540 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 921-3892
Mr. James Lisowski MDA 04-022 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Early Launch Detection, Booster Typing, and Kill Assessment Sensor Concepts |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a novel aircraft-based sensor system for early launch detection, typing, tracking and kill assessment. In addition to providing enhanced capabilities with respect to current aircraft-based sensors for long range detection over wide areas in clear sky and cloud obscured scenarios, our proposed sensor will provide single sensor altitude estimations and capabilities for Kill Assessment. This effort will focus on development of a wide field of view, staring acquisition sensor system with MWIR and SWIR bands. Compared to scanning systems, the staring system provides capabilities for faster detection, enhanced detection of missiles under clouds, as well as enhanced booster typing via collection of signatures from launch spike through upper boost phase. The sensor will employ a MWIR CO2 Red spike band (4.58 - 4.72 mm) with demonstrated capabilities for long range, see to the ground detection (in a cloud free line of sight) as well as for booster typing. The sensor will also employ a SWIR band to enhance detection of missiles underneath clouds. The use of a staring focal plane has demonstrated advantages of detection of missiles under clouds via the spatial and temporal characteristics of the plume signatures relative to those of reflected solar radiance from clouds. In addition, the SWIR band, when used in conjunction with the MWIR band, will provide capabilities for single sensor altitude determination, to enhance 3 dimensional geolocation capabilities, using a novel technique demonstrated by SciTec on a variety of missile types. Additional sensor options will be considered during Phase I, including the use of polarization filters and/or Visible bands to enhance detection of missiles under clouds, the implementation of hypertemporal capabilities (i.e. frame rates > 500 Hz) on the Visible and/or SWIR system, and a novel concept for the implementation of spectrometer capabilities on the SWIR system |
| 21ST CENTURY SYSTEMS, INC.
12152 Windsor Hall Way Herndon, VA 20170 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(720) 981-8731
Mr. Stuart Aldridge MDA 04-023 Selected for Award |
| Title: | HCAN Sensor Manager |
| Abstract: | The goal of a sensor manager is to cue the right sensor to perform the right service on the right target at the right time. This task essentially implies JDL Level 4 strategies and algorithms for control and action. In response to SBIR MDA04-023, 21st Century Systems, Inc. is pleased to propose researching and developing state-of-the-art "system-of-systems" management for sensor platforms with multiple capabilities/constraints for GMD operations. We refer to our concept as the HCAN Sensor Manager. The HCAN Sensor Manager concept utilizes a sophisticated intelligent agent reasoning structure called a hierarchical collective agent network (HCAN). This leading edge structure incorporates a "community of agents" and was developed by 21CSI. The HCAN core will optimize management of the system in question and relative to other systems on the platform that would be affected. HCAN considers optimization at the sensor system level, as well as, the higher "systems" level of the total platform capability and its mission. All of this will accelerate GMD sensor operations and this "system-of-systems" management eventually will be extended to shooters, as well. This SBIR will culminate in an agent-based sensor management system, a unique product. |
| ALPHATECH, INC.
6 New England Executive Park Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-3388
Dr. Michael K. Schneider MDA 04-023 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Optimized Management of Networked Sensors in the Presence of Communication, Collection, and Processing Latencies |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop algorithms to manage multiple networked sensors embedded in a system with significant latencies. Sources of latency can include limited bandwidth in communication channels; limited capabilities for processing collected data, especially imagery; and data collection times. Latencies must be accounted for by the sensor manager so that it can appropriately hedge. By using sensors with shorter latencies to cue sensors with longer latencies, the sensor resources required per target can be reduced. To model sensor latencies and other characteristics, we propose to use Bayesian networks. This modeling framework is already being used by the Missile Defense Agency on other programs and provides a principled means for modeling systems. Until recently, performing calculations with such a network model has been impeded by the lack of computationally efficient algorithms, especially in the case of continuous states. Lately, a number of exact and approximate algorithms have been developed for efficiently performing calculations with such a model. We propose to incorporate them into our sensor management algorithms. Specifically, we propose to work within the framework of approximate dynamic programming to develop a sensor manager that uses advanced Bayesian net inferencing algorithms to evaluate expected rewards resulting from a sensor policy. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC.
625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Mr. Paul G. Gonsalves MDA 04-023 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Sensor Network Optimization using Multi-Agent Negotiation (SNOMAN) |
| Abstract: | Missile defense takes place in an unpredictable, real-time environment and thus requires an adaptive approach to optimization that dynamically allocates sensors and their supporting resources in response to changing goals and constraints. Here, we propose a system for Sensor Network Optimization using Multi-Agent Negotiation (SNOMAN) to meet the challenge of this real-time resource allocation problem. This approach applies solutions from economic theory, particularly game theory, to the resource allocation problem by creating an artificial market for sensor information and computational resources. Intelligent agents are the buyers and sellers in this market, and they represent all the elements of the sensor network, from sensors to sensor platforms to computational resources. These agents interact based on a negotiation mechanism that determines their bidding strategies. The negotiation mechanism and bidding strategies are based on game theory, and they are designed so that the aggregate result of the multi-agent negotiation process is a market in competitive equilibrium, which guarantees an optimal allocation of resources throughout the sensor network. Negotiation works continuously, providing dynamic adaptation to changes in the mission environment. Negotiation also minimizes communication resource requirements, ensuring that the system scales well to more complex sensor networks. |
| BOULDER NONLINEAR SYSTEMS, INC.
450 Courtney Way, Unit 107 Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-0077
Mr. Steve Serati MDA 04-024 Awarded: 10MAY04 |
| Title: | A Liquid Crystal on Silicon Spatial Light Modulator for Infrared Scene Projection |
| Abstract: | Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS) technology combines the light modulating capability of liquid crystal with compact VLSI backplanes to create reflective micro displays. This proposal addresses the limitations of current LCoS technology in meeting the needs of an IR scene projector, and proposes an approach for the development of a multi-purpose VLSI backplane that is suitable for use in the visible, NIR, MWIR and LWIR. When combined with IR appropriate materials, the result is an cost-effective, high-resolution display device |
| NOVA RESEARCH, INC.
320 Alisal Road, Suite 104 Solvang, CA 93463 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 693-9600
Mr. Mark A. Massie MDA 04-024 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Performance High-Output Resistive Emitter Design and Circuit Implementations |
| Abstract: | Resistive heating technology is the most mature of the myriad IR scene projection technologies available today; it has the longest developmental history, the largest number of units in the field, and the best performance figures of merit in terms of speed, dynamic range, temperature resolution flicker-less emission, broadband output, greater than 512 x 512 spatial resolution and high frame rates. These factors make it the most appropriate and realistic foundation on which to base the development of the next generation of high dynamic range IR scene projectors. Attaining the temperatures required for future MDA weapons systems such as targets with hot engine exhausts, rocket plumes and infrared countermeasures requires development on numerous fronts: materials, power distribution, thermal management, and system design. This proposal will address the use and interface of high-temperature emitter materials and innovative CMOS high power circuit design methods that will reduce or eliminate "buss bar robbing" effects. These advances will make possible the evolution of emitting arrays of up to 1024 x 1024 elements with the capability for individual emitting sites to reach 2000K effective MWIR temperatures (3000K actual surface temperatures). |
| LS TECHNOLOGIES
44160 Old Warm Springs Blvd. Fremont, CA 94538 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 585-5384
Dr. J. Q. Liu MDA 04-025 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Visible/UV Image Projector for Sensor Testing |
| Abstract: | LS Technologies proposes to develop a high performance broadband image projector for .hardware-in-the-loop" scene generator using a specially designed and fabricated MEMS micro-mirror array, which has many intrinsic advantages over other potential image projector technologies. Using an innovative design and display concept, the proposed image projector based on a special micromirror array will have an very high frame speed of up to 1,000 Hz and dynamic range of 14 bits to image fast flying targets with great details. In addition, the micro-mirror based projector satisfies all other criteria including fast response time (1 ms or less), large spectral range from UV to Near IR (200 to 2000 nm), high pixel uniformity and large scene format (1280 by 1024). In the Phase I project, we will specify the projector system and components; design and simulate the key components, explore and optimize the fabrication process of the special micro-mirror design, and demonstrate the feasibility of a projector with frame rate of 1,000 Hz using modified commercial micro-mirror array. Base on a successful Phase I, we will fabricate the special micro-mirror array and develop a prototype of the MEMS based ultra-high frame speed image projector in Phase II. |
| LW MICROSYSTEMS, INC.
37466 Stonewood Dr. Fremont, CA 94536 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 643-5360
Dr. Christian Gutleben MDA 04-025 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Visible/UV Image Projector for Sensor Testing |
| Abstract: | This proposal is submitted for research on developing optical image projections which provide complex, dynamic stimuli to ultra-violet or visible/near-IR sensors. The Phase I research project, Visible/UV Image projector for Sensor Testing, focuses on fabrication and characterizations of imaging devices, and is under the category of the DOD solicitation topics of MDA04-25. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
135 S. Taylor Avenue Louisville, CO 80027 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Mr. Terry Nichols MDA 04-026 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ladar Polarized Signature Technique (LAPSIT) for Plume Environments |
| Abstract: | Coherent Technologies Inc. (CTI), proposes to develop a novel technique for modeling coherent ladar signatures of objects (e.g., post-boost vehicles, re-entry vehicles, and debris) through missile effluent plumes and debris. Polarized object hardbody signatures from CTI's ladar signature tools will be integrated with polarized plume signatures from modified standard plume and scattering codes. Existing plume models, like CHAMP/CHARM, will be used for initial time-dependent mass density distributions, driven by their SPF flow-field model. In Phase 1, CHAMP model output will be modified to account for non-spherical particle shapes. Given this, polarized returns from unresolved hardbodies embedded within the plume will be synthesized which will enable the magnitude of the shape-driven errors to be estimated. In addition, range-resolved Doppler analyses of the plume and target will be made to assess target discrimination capability. Conceptual design of a physics-based, composite scattering and flow-field-driven model will be delivered. Test scenarios will include transient-event signatures and debris. For Phase II, a detailed design and prototype physics-based model will be delivered that interfaces with customized plume and hardbody signature models that account for the plume flow-field, asymmetrical particle shape and size distribution and polarization. Output from these models will be validated and tested against real-world data. |
| SPECTRAL SCIENCES, INC.
4 Fourth Avenue Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-4770
Dr. Leonid Muratov MDA 04-026 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Ladar Signature Capability for Transient Missile Events for FLITES |
| Abstract: | The design of missile defense systems is challenging because of the complex, often transient, 3D, and very wide range of phenomena exhibited by missile systems. The diverse defense system requirements, such as detection, tracking, hard body location, discrimination against countermeasures, and kill assessment, to name but a few, dictate consideration of equally diverse sensor systems spanning all wavelengths, UV through RF, and both active (radar and Ladar) and passive modalities. An indispensable tool in the design of a missile defense system is an engagement/sensor simulation model capable of rendering all the above complexities and sensor requirements at a meaningful level of fidelity and with, ideally, real-time computational speed. To address this critical MDA need, Spectral Sciences, Inc. and Kinetics, Inc. propose to extend the FLITES (Fast Line-of-sight Imagery for Target and Exhaust Signatures) engagement scenario model into the active system regime. Phase I will feature development and demonstration of an innovative high fidelity Ladar radiation-transport model with application to the radar chaff release problem. In Phase II, an engineering-level model suitable for integration into FLITES will be developed and validated and modules for other types of transient events will be developed. |
| RADIANCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
500 Wynn Drive, Suite 504 Huntsville, AL 35816 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 327-3728
Mr. Tom Florence MDA 04-027 Awarded: 06MAY04 |
| Title: | Advanced PC Scene Generation Techniques & Hardware Architectures |
| Abstract: | Commercially available computer and graphics subsystems are achieving performance levels that suggest their applicability to real-time engineering test applications, specifically real-time scene generation. Entry level PC-based scene generation systems have been demonstrated for very basic environments and applications already. Complex multi and hyperspectral scene generation applications of the near future require computational and graphics throughout requiring a high degree of parallelization and communication bandwidth not readily available on current systems. Radiance Technologies proposes to evaluate the feasibility of leveraging current state-of-the-art parallel graphics systems to develop a scene generation architecture with a high-speed point-to-point and broadcast communications and novel real-time image compositing to support highly parallel image construction. Our Phase I effort will evaluate the use of emerging high speed busless communication protocols and post processing of multiple GPU floating point outputs in a flexible manner to support the modeling and scene generation for high dynamic range scenes and non-intensity based scene information such as that required for Ladar scene generation systems. We will evaluate the efficacy of applying one or more graphics processing units per CPU for the scene generation application as well. |
| RESERVOIR LABS., INC.
632 Broadway, Suite 803 New York, NY 10012 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(212) 780-0527
Dr. Kenneth Mackenzie MDA 04-027 Awarded: 06MAY04 |
| Title: | Automatic Compilation of Scene Generation Applications on Clusters with Graphics Coprocessors |
| Abstract: | Contemporary off-the-shelf graphics processing units (GPUs) are programmable multiprocessors-on-a-chip that surpass their host processors at raw computational capacity and far surpass them at computation capacity per dollar. Further, they are expected to continue to outpace general-purpose processors. Recently, GPUs have been used to accelerate non-graphics floating-point intensive tasks but they remain difficult to program, in part because their rapid evolution makes them a moving target. We propose to include clusters of standard computers with GPUs as a target for an existing compiler framework that supports a parameterized architecture description. The compiler framework exploits a "streaming" model of computation common to a class of multiprocessor-on-a-chip architectures under development in DARPA's Polymorphous Computing Architecture (PCA) program. The first phase of the proposed work would consist of experiments to quantify the applicability of GPUs to the scene generation problem and the ability of the compiler framework to model clusters with GPUs. The second phase would consist of compiler implementation work to add clusters with GPUs as a supported target to the compiler. |
| CENTER FOR REMOTE SENSING, INC.
3702 Pender Drive, Suite 170 Fairfax, VA 22030 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 385-7717
Dr. Suman Ganguly MDA 04-028 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Realtime Body Dynamic Antenna Modeled GPS/JAMMER Simulator for HWIL |
| Abstract: | Hardware in the loop simulations provide important performance and systems integration information without the inherent risks and costs of flight testing. These simulations require real-time high fidelity signal generation with flexible parameters and close modeling of the true signals. This proposal details software controlled GPS signal simulation system compatible with current and future GPS signal structures. This system will be capable of multi-satellite, multi-interferer real-time RF output for multiple antennas. It will be capable of integration with a variety of other hardware simulation tools and GPS receivers. The proposed system will leverage CRS's current capabilities and expertise in flexible GPS architectures and will result, at the end of Phase II, in a fully functioning prototype system. |
| NAVSYS CORP.
14960 Woodcarver Road Colorado Springs, CO 80921 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 481-4877
Dr. Kenn Gold MDA 04-028 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Realtime Body Dynamic Antenna Modeled GPS/JAMMER Simulator for HWIL |
| Abstract: | To achieve high dynamic motion simulation of advanced guidance and control systems, closed-loop simulation must be provided to sensors in real time for HWIL simulation. Under this proposed SBIR effort we will develop a real-time GPS/Jammer simulator to provide complex wavefront of multiple satellite and noise/jamming sources with dynamic movement and variable placements for a six-degree-of-freedom motion simulation, with interfaces with inertial measurement sensors and digital GPS receivers. The proposed approach is to use a high J/S signal generator integrated with a dynamic multipath solver based on geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD). This will allow us to simulate the complex wavefront in highly dynamic environment. Under this Phase I effort we plan to demonstrate a high J/S GPS wavefront generator through software simulation and hardware demonstration, and efficient multipath characterization in a highly dynamic environment. A design will also be presented for a real-time GPS/JAMMER simulator prototype system to be implemented and tested under the Phase II effort. The result of the development of the real time GPS/JAMMER simulator will allow an integrated simulation and testing of high mobility GPS navigation and tracking system under complex environments for HWIL simulation. |
| AGILITY COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
475 Pine Ave. Santa Barbara, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 690-1722
Dr. Greg Fish MDA 04-029 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Multi-Channel Integrated Transmitter |
| Abstract: | A compact, high-performance, low cost optical transmitter chip comprised of a widely-tunable laser, monolithically integrated with an array of semiconductor optical amplifiers and elelectroabsorption modulators, is a key component of an optical source suitable for arbitrary waveform generation in a dynamic scene projector. Agility Communications develops and manufactures widely-tunable CW sources and transmitters based on monolithic chip-scale integration of a Sampled-Grating Distributed Bragg Reflector (SG-DBR) laser with a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) and Electroabsorption (EA) or Mach-Zehnder (MZ) modulator. Agility's InP chip-scale integration platform allows integration of several high-speed modulators on the same chip to provide compact, low cost integrated optical components. Additionally, utilization of an injection tuned SG-DBR laser architecture allows for high-speed frequency tuning to simulate frequency shift associated with a laser pulse reflecting off of moving objects. The objective of this project is to develop an 8 channel optical transmitter on the chip comprised of a SGDBR laser integrated with an array of eight SOA-EAMs. During Phase I of this project, one and two-channel prototypes will be characterized and the test data will be used to design an 8 channel chip. In Phase II of this program, the 8 channel chip will be fabricated and optimized. This integrated chip can be packaged to provide a small footprint (<0.6 sq. inch) multi-channel packaged module to be used in very high-density optical systems. |
| EOSPACE, INC.
8711 148th Ave NE Redmond, WA 98052 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 869-6975
Dr. Suwat Thaniyavarn MDA 04-029 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Compact Array of Analog Modulators and Integrated Laser Source (CAAMILS) Module |
| Abstract: | EOSPACE proposes to develop a Compact Array of Analog Modulators and Integrated Laser Source (CAAMILS) module for use in a wide-bandwidth analog ladar scene projection system. Under Phase I, EOSPACE will use its unique, exceptionally low loss, lithium niobate (LiNbO3) integrated electro-optic waveguide technology to fabricate a practical and cost-effective, yet state-of-the-art, ultra-low-loss, high-extinction-ratio, integrated optical modulator array. Under Phase II, the modulator array will be integrated with a stable laser source and the associated control and driver circuitry to form the full CAAMILS module. |
| ATEC, INC.
387 Technology Drive College Park, MD 20742 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 403-2086
Dr. John McKillop MDA 04-030 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Performance Point Source LEDs |
| Abstract: | Long standing relationships with the Ioffe Institute have allowed ATEC to license novel LED technologies developed by Matveev and co-workers, including InGaAs LEDs that emit in the 3 to 5 um region and Negative Luminescence devices that are capable of simulating objects at temperatures below ambient. The goal of the proposed work is to adapt a high efficiency optically pumped GaAs LED stucture developed by Matveev and co-workers to demonstrate InGaAs LED point sources that operate in the 3 to 5 um region. These devices will provide both positive and negative luminescence output and extremely fast modulation speeds. Effective source radiation temperatures in excess of 600 degrees C and modulation speeds of up to 10 MHz are expected from these devices. Phase I will concentrate on demonstration of the device concept. Fabrication services will be provided by the Ioffe Institute, with technical consulting provided to ATEC by Matveev and co-workers. This approach, coupled with the use of a proven device architecture, substantially moderates the technical risk normally associated with development of new electro-optic devices in a small business environment. Phase II will focus on completion of prototype development and transfer of design and manufacturing responsibility to a US manufacturing partner, identified during Phase I. |
| FORUN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1 Serina Drive Plainsboro, NJ 08536 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(609) 720-1181
Dr. Chang-hua Qiu MDA 04-030 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Novel Infrared Point Sources |
| Abstract: | There is a need for broadband infrared light source for simulation projection systems operating at room temperature. We are proposing to develop tunable quantum cascade infrared light emitters based on III-V nitride semiconductors. During Phase I, the proposed emitter will be designed and fabricated. Electro-luminescence in the infrared will be measured at room temperature and low temperatures. In Phase II, the design and growth conditions will be optimized and prototype IR light emitters with multi-wavelength emission bands will be built and evaluated. Successful completion of the project may provide low-cost efficient infrared light sources covering 2 to 14 microns. |
| AGILTRON CORP.
220 Ballardvale St., Suite D Wilmington, MA 01887 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 694-1006
Dr. Jack Salerno MDA 04-031 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Photonic Broad Band IR Scene Generator |
| Abstract: | This proposal addresses a novel photonic approach to the high performance IR scene generator. The revolutionary design has intrinsic advantages of broadband, high apparent temperature, compactness, high spatial resolution, low background temperature and noise, high reliability, and low cost, as compared with the competitive approaches. The device design overcomes the major shortcomings of the current devices, offering high apparent temperature and a non-flickering image. The program leverages recent progresses on IR optical guiding and optical component as well as MEMS manufacturing technologies. In Phase I, we will perform detailed concept design and implement a proof of concept advanced IR projecting system to evaluate the feasibility. |
| ION OPTICS, INC.
411 Waverley Oaks Road, Suite 144 Waltham, MA 02452 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 788-8777
Dr. James T. Daly MDA 04-031 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Dynamic Range, Mulit-Band Scene Generator for Accurate HWIL Testing |
| Abstract: | Ion Optics will build on established, successful experience with resistive emitter arrays and add high dynamic range capabilities in two ways. First, Ion Optics is already developing a SiC-based emitter technology which will permit simulation of targets with radiometric temperatures up to 1200,aC. Second, we will add high radiance light (apparent temperature to 3000,aK) from a diode source to those few pixels that need it. In the phase 1 effort, we will analyze particular optical configurations, including micromirror array assemblies, that combine the output from a 2D resistive emitter array and one or more IR LEDs or lasers. Through rigorous methods including ray-tracing, we will establish the expected performance characteristics for each configuration. We will establish figures of merit including cost, precision (spatial and thermal), reliability. We will also determine alignment tolerances. We will obtain some small micromirror arrays (1 x 10 arrays are available) to perform some lab bench scale tests. Based on the analysis from phase 1, we will make a recommendation to build a prototype dual-band scene projector of say 64 x 64 or 256 x 256 pixels (depending on cost) in phase II. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. Marc A. Kenton MDA 04-032 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative Uncertainty Analysis Techniques for MDA Simulation Codes |
| Abstract: | Progress in missile defense relies heavily on large software packages such as BEST. BEST creates scene simulations for modeling sensor response in the battlespace environment. Sensitivity analysis of the package's predictions is essential due to uncertainties associated with the input parameters. However, performing such an analysis is hindered by the large number of parameters and the complex interactions between models. Automatic differentiation techniques potentially provide a means for overcoming these challenges. However, application of automatic differentiation to the large models that comprise BEST can be difficult due to their complex structure (in some cases derived from legacy codes). Other challenges are created by simultaneous software development at geographically distributed sites. Creare proposes to apply an innovative set of algorithms to BEST that harnesses the capabilities of modern methods for automatic differentiation to provide not only uncertainty analysis and parameter estimation capabilities, but also a distributed, object-oriented software development framework. The Creare approach to automatic differentiation-based uncertainty analysis offers a number of advantages in terms of software engineering, quality assurance, project management, and reduced code runtime. |
| OPTO-KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS, INC.
4030 Spencer St, Suite 108 Torrance, CA 90503 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 371-4445
Dr. Nahum Gat MDA 04-032 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of Automation Tools for Automatic Differentiation of Computer Codes for Sensitivity & Uncertainty Analysis |
| Abstract: | As the DoD increases its reliance on modeling and simulation (M&S) via large and complex computer codes, a major new problem emerges: current M&S codes do not provide an efficient method of estimating simulation sensitivities and uncertainties for given uncertainties in the input parameters themselves. Automatic Differentiation (AD) is an emerging technology that has proven itself in many disciplines as an efficient means of providing sensitivity and uncertainty analysis for very large and complex computer codes. One of the greatest drawbacks of using these AD tools is the difficulty in applying them to complex computer codes. Present AD tools are pre-compilers that only create enhanced code (i.e., containing derivatives) but do not provide access to the new information or compute uncertainties. The derivatives codes produce an enormous volume of new data and the developer faces the daunting task of accessing the I/O variables, their names, physical units, computing uncertainties, etc. OKSI has established a framework to overcome these obstacles thereby making "Automatic" Differentiation truly "automatic." This framework is called Automated Automatic Differentiation (A2D). OKSI will apply the A2D capability to complex codes, such as those comprising the Battlespace Environment Signature Toolkit, to produce user-friendly enhanced codes with full access to all the sensitivity and uncertainty data. The A2D tools will be demonstrated under Phase-I and applied to a suite of simulation codes under Phase-II. |
| OPTO-KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS, INC.
4030 Spencer St, Suite 108 Torrance, CA 90503 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 371-4445
Dr. Nahum Gat MDA 04-033 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Plume phenomenology code suite validation via code-to-code sensitivity propagation techniques |
| Abstract: | A chain of plume codes (e.g., rocket motor, flowfield, radiation atmospheric propagation) is required to properly model plume phenomenology. These codes have hundreds of user-selected input parameters and include close to a million database parameters such as molecular cross section, gases thermodynamic properties (JANNAF), chemical kinetic rate constants, etc. In practice, there are large ranges of uncertainties associated with these parameters, and running the models requires expertise in selecting the right values for the input variables. Verification and validation of the chain of codes can be accomplished by attempting to match the model predictions to actual sensor measurements data. However, such a process is largely one of trial and error that can take months, if not years. OKSI has demonstrated an automated technique for accomplishing this arduous process via enhancement of the plume code by automatic differentiation (AD) whereby the codes are used to compute the full Jacobian of the output sensitivities, with respect to the various inputs. With the enhanced code, it is possible to solve a multidimensional optimization problem, improving the accuracy of the computer model predictions as compared to the actual sensor measurements by automatically "tweaking" the model inputs. Without enhancing the codes, this optimization solution would take hopelessly long to converge on a solution. However, the technique to automatically propagate sensitivities (and uncertainties) among the codes in a chain is still lacking. Under Phase-I, this capability will be demonstrated with two plume phenomenology codes. The approach will be expanded under Phase-II to include a complete suite of codes starting from engine models and including flowfield, radiation, atmospheric propagation, and other such models. |
| SIERRA ENGINEERING, INC.
603 East Robinson Street, Suite 7 Carson City, NV 89701 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(916) 363-6162
Mr. Scott M. Palmer MDA 04-033 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Application of RSM and Optimization to Plume Signature Analysis |
| Abstract: | We propose using response surface methodology (RSM) as a tool to better understand the effects of engine design parameters and operating conditions on plume signature, and to improve signature predictions through optimized selection of analysis inputs. Often rocket engine operating conditions and design variables are not well known, either because the systems being simulated are foreign, or because hardware designs prevent the accurate measurement or calculation of key conditions. For example, true injector element flow may be difficult or impossible to obtain due to pressure mal-distribution in the injector manifold. This innovative application of RSM could provide a method of selecting unknown or poorly known inputs by using plume observations as an input selection driver. In fact, inputs could be optimized to determine the most likely engine hardware design and operating conditions based on plume observations. The plume signature predictions resulting from the RSM optimized inputs are bound to be more accurate than inputs developed using current selection methods since the inputs will be selected to reflect known signature data. |
| ANALYTICAL SERVICES, INC.
689 Discovery Drive, Suite 300 Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 890-0083
Mr. Larry Jess MDA 04-034 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Technologies to Improve Software Acquisition/Development Process |
| Abstract: | The objective of this SBIR proposal is for Analytical Services, Inc. (ASI) to develop design requirements for a client/server, Windows-based, database catalog (potentially, a Web-based distributed system) to track Radiation Hardening technologies and components of interest to the Missile Defense Agency (MDA). This Radiation Hardening Catalog (RHC) will initially be used to store and track radiation hardening materials and mission planning data. Future RHC capabilities may include storing Radiation Hardening modeling information and using the RHC as part of a multi-disciplinary solution for trade space analyses. The RHC will afford extensive reuse of legacy data integrated with knowledge-based rules. The RHC component and system level radiation hardened electronics data will focus on those materials that have been developed by commercial vendors who influence or offer potential leverage opportunities for military application. |
| COHESIONFORCE, INC.
P.O. Box 11578 Huntsville, AL 35814 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 562-0600
Mr. David R. Phillips MDA 04-034 Selected for Award |
| Title: | UML Based Programming Support Environment |
| Abstract: | Migration of weapon systems software from legacy, prototyped, demonstration/validation or simulation to a fielded system presents a tremendous challenge because of the complexity of modern systems and the upgrades necessary to take advantage of new systems capabilities. CohesionForce proposes a methodology and toolset to meet that challenge and provide a significant potential to increase reuse of legacy software and reduce the time and cost of transitioning systems into production. CohesionForce has focused its efforts on the development of software tools based upon the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and Model Driven Architecture within a UML based Programming Support Environment. Reverse engineering of existing code into UML artifacts and providing for direct interaction with the code enables the engineer to make appropriate modifications at a higher level of abstraction and then directly integrate the modifications at the code level. This methodology implements advances in commercial development techniques into the defense paradigm and provides for software refactoring through the use of standardized UML representations. |
| HARMONIA, INC.
1700 Kraft Drive, Suite 1100 Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 951-5901
Dr. Marc Abrams MDA 04-034 Awarded: 03JUN04 |
| Title: | Facilitating Reuse of Legacy Software by Universal Representation in XML and Code Generation |
| Abstract: | Harmonia offers a novel approach to realizing software re-use through the use of functional primitives stored as XML. Harmonia offers a solution that allows developers to build libraries of primitives such as design algorithms and software models. These primitives are stored in a language-independent XML format that abstracts the algorithm design away from any particular implementation language. Code generators then use transformation rules to automatically create deployable source code from the XML. Harmonia's solution defines a process that allows new and legacy algorithms to be reverse engineered into XML from implementation code. From this XML representation, these algorithms can be deployed to multiple implementation languages, allowing the Missile Defense Agency to use standardized algorithms across systems, even if the systems are implemented in different languages. This approach has the added benefit of allowing code for future technologies to be generated from the same XML, ensuring the perseverance of certified algorithms. Harmonia's proposed solution includes a tool that automates much of the reverse engineering and code generation effort required to build these libraries. |
| MODELLION SYSTEMS, INC.
1335 Woodcliffe Dr Monroeville, PA 15146 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(412) 607-6404
Dr. Raj Rajkumar MDA 04-034 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Technologies to Improve Software Acquisition/Development Process |
| Abstract: | We shall design and prototype capabilities of a tool called Harmony for the modeling, construction and analysis of systems of systems. Harmony will be based on an integrated multi-view CASE technology targeted at supporting large-scale DoD systems. Recursive and partial composition techniques combined with strong typing will enable large-scale systems to be hierarchically composed. Adapters will translate protocols to couple different systems (or subsystems). Dynamic aspects of distributed embedded real-time systems (DREs) will be explicitly modeled. Information can be exchanged between Harmony and UML/MDA tools. Architectural rules can also be specified and enforced to ensure satisfaction of application-specific constraints. Harmony will be built on an open and extensible architecture, allowing new capabilities and views to be added as pluggable modules. It will also interface with component-based environments to facilitate reuse. |
| ADVANCED CERAMICS MANUFACTURING
7800A South Nogales Highway Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 573-6300
Ms. Marlene Platero MDA 04-035 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Manufacturing Processes for High Temperature Ceramic KEI and SM-3 SDACS Components |
| Abstract: | In this Phase I program, Advanced Ceramics Manufacturing will develop a processing method to manufacture ceramic propulsion components. ACM will demonstrate the utility of a high temperature hot isostatic pressing (HIP) consolidation process to manufacture carbide propulsion components. Low cost light weight components offer increased performance capabilities in numerous applications including miniature kill vehicle propulsion, advanced SM-3 solid DACS, Patriot reaction control system and Kinetic Energy Intercept (KEI) booster. However, cost effective production methods are lacking such that these ceramic materials remain in the laboratory. Development of manufacturing processes that allow for the near net shape fabrication of ceramic propulsion components can transition these advanced materials from laboratory setting to production floor and into MDA missile systems. The primary objectives of this program are to develop high temperature HIP processing methods and demonstrate its production capabilities as a manufacturing process. The manufacturing technology developed on this Phase I program is an enabling technology that would transition advanced high temperature materials development from the laboratory to production floor. |
| BRYCOAT, INC.
976 4th Street North Safety Harbor, FL 34695 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(727) 726-3500
Mr. Michael D. Smith MDA 04-035 Awarded: 15APR04 |
| Title: | Innovative Manufacturing Process Improvements-CVD TiC Coating on Precision Bearing Balls |
| Abstract: | The United States faces the imminent loss of a technology critical to national security. The guidance systems of many key missile defense systems rely on Coatings of Titanium Carbide (TiC) applied by a novel Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Process on the balls of precision ball bearings. This unique process produces a ball with performance characteristics unmatched by any material technology tested to date. The European source of this coating has announced plans to shut down the operation and sell the equipment. BryCoat has purchased the equipment and is planning to transfer the technology and equipment to its U.S. facility. The objective of this program is to develop and implement a testing protocol for qualification of the original, current and future production coatings for bearing applications in advanced guidance systems and to optimize the coating process to meet performance, repeatability and yield objectives for these applications. |
| COMPOSITE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT, I
2600 Campus Drive, Suite D Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 664-0394
Dr. Kaushik Mallick MDA 04-035 Selected for Award |
| Title: | All-composite pipes for cryogenic applications |
| Abstract: | Composite Technology Development, Inc. (CTD) proposes to develop unique new composite materials that can meet the microcrack resistance, impermeability, and thermal stability requirements of lightweight, linerless composite pipes for cryogenic applications. |
| EXOTHERMICS, INC.
60 Route 101A Amherst, NH 03031 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 732-0077
Mr. Stephen DiPietro MDA 04-035 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Continuous Fiber Reinforced Ultrahigh Temperature Composites for Cost-Effective KKV DACS Hardware |
| Abstract: | In light of MDA's stated requirement improve the affordability, maintainability and performance of propulsion system components, whether via refinement of existing products, or development of new products Exothermics is developing a new class of ultrahigh temperature (~ 3000øC) refractory composite materials for KKV SDACS applications. Ultrahigh temperature SDACS components would be extremely desirable, for example, on the SM-3 LEAP KKV and improved variants thereof. The precious metal rhenium is used quite extensively in current-generation SDACS systems, and a good case can be made to investigate more affordable and technically appealing materials options to either augment or substantially reduce the use of rhenium over the long term. The materials system we propose for examination in Phase 1 is a continuous fiber-reinforced, ductile phase toughened composite that could have potentially outstanding ultrahigh temperature (approaching 3000øC) performance potential. Our team member for the Phase 1 development efforts in Pratt and Whitney Space Propulsion, San Jose, CA. |
| LASSON TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
6059 Bristol Parkway, Suite 15 Culver City, CA 90230 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 216-4046
Dr. Marvin Klein MDA 04-035 Awarded: 12MAY04 |
| Title: | Laser Ultrasonic Chip Inspection |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will determine the feasibility of using advanced laser ultrasonic techniques for in-process inspection of epoxy underfill in flip chip and other high-performance surface mount packages. Epoxy underfill is used for strain relief and thermal conduction. Undetected voids in the underfill can cause local heating as well as disbonding of solder bumps. Laser ultrasonics is a technique for performing ultrasonic inspection using a pulsed laser to generate the ultrasound and a separate cw laser interferometer to detect the ultrasound at the point of interrogation. Laser ultrasonics offers several attractive features for the automated inspection of epoxy underfill: (1) its noncontact nature allows the inspection of parts without water immersion and during processing, (2) the capability of scanning allows the gathering of data at a high rate, (3) advanced, compensated receivers allow the interrogation of rough surfaces and (4) its high bandwidth provides high spatial and temporal resolution. Our approach during Phase I will be to optimize the laser generation and detection process, determine the best beam configuration and develop robust signal processing techniques. We will then build a laboratory breadboard for testing of samples provided by end users. In Phase II a prototype field inspection system will be developed and tested at an end user site. |
| MATECH ADVANCED MATERIALS
31304 Via Colinas, Suite 102 Westlake Village, CA 91362 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(818) 991-8500
Dr. Edward J. A. Pope MDA 04-035 Selected for Award |
| Title: | TaC/TaC CMCs for Aluminized Propellant SRMs |
| Abstract: | In this proposed MDA Phase I SBIR Program, MATECH seeks to develop woven TaC ceramic fiber reinforced TaC matrix CMCs for aluminized propellant solid rocket motors (SRMs). Aluminized propellant SRMs constitute the most eroding environment when compared to non-aluminized SRMs and liquid SRMs. Both theoretically and experimentally, it has been shown that the reaction initiation temperature of TaC is 1000oC higher than that of carbon and 400oC higher than HfC, thus making it a prime candidate for thrusters used in the next generation of higher performance, hypersonic missile defense systems. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that the erosion rate of TaC is significantly less that HfC and carbon under comparable conditions. Of all the refractory metal carbide systems, TaC holds the most promise for the unique conditions of aluminized propellant SRMs. |
| MENTIS SCIENCES, INC.
150 Dow Street, Tower Two Manchester, NH 03101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 624-9197
Mr. John J. Dignam MDA 04-035 Awarded: 03MAY04 |
| Title: | Innovative Manufacturing Process Improvements |
| Abstract: | It is common knowledge that both value-added and non value-added costs exist in the production of all entities. And that in a manufacturing environment, the reduction of non-value added expenses may ultimately reduce the acquisition cost of that entity given all burdens remain consistent. Likewise, the reduction in value-added processes and their associated costs should yield consistent results. Mentis Sciences, Inc. has been engaged in an effort to produce an inorganic composite laminate suitable for high temperature radome applications. Recent advances in fibers, resins, and composite fabrication techniques allow the planning and initiation of programs to develop advanced RF seeker protection, i.e. radomes which can result in significant missile system cost and weight reduction, as well as critically required improvements in performance. The materials selected for these radomes are fabricated using high purity quartz fibers developed and marketed by JPS Glass Fabrics and Cytec Fiberite's S826A silicone based resin systems. The advantages of high specific strength composite structures are well documented, however previously their application has been limited due to the high acquisition costs associated with producing these laminates. And although the projected cost of MSI's prototype PAC3 radome is significantly less than that of the present solution, the technology and opportunities exist to reduce the acquisition costs of this (MSI's) radome even further. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Dr. Frederick S. Lauten MDA 04-035 Awarded: 07MAY04 |
| Title: | Ultra High Temperature Composite SDACs Components |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) has been developing ultra-high temperature composites that are demonstrating little or no erosion at temperatures above 4200oF while being impinged by highly oxidizing gas streams. These results indicate that the PSI materials are promising candidates for advanced rocket components. In addition, the relatively low cost of the commercially available constituent materials and the simplicity of the processing methods will combine for production of SDACS components that will be cost effective for use in the next generation of high performance missiles. It is the purpose of this SBIR to develop and demonstrate the PSI composites as materials that are one to one replacements for current SM-3 TDACS components yet will enable significant increases in performance. During the Phase I program we will demonstrate that the PSI enhanced composites: 1) Exceed strengths of 30 KSI, 2) Retain strengths to temperatures of at least 4,000oF 3) Erode at less than 0.0001"/sec during hot fire test. During the Phase II SBIR program we will continue our work with the system integrators to ground test a specific component so that we are poised for a successful Phase III SBIR for insertion into specific MDA acquisition programs in the fastest possible timeframe. |
| RENAISSANCE SERVICES
6620 Stillmead Rd, Suite 6 Dayton, OH 45414 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 898-1414
Mr. Dan Z. Sokol MDA 04-035 Awarded: 06MAY04 |
| Title: | Enabling Six Sigma Design Through Characteristic Lifecycle Management |
| Abstract: | Integration of design intent with process capability is fundamental to mission assurance. Inability to achieve such integration during product development means costly and protracted production transition, quality escapes, even system failures. This proposal addresses feasibility of a system for real-time, quantitative information, linking design requirements to the manufacturing processes that must deliver those requirements-starting early in product development, progressing over the development process lifecycle, providing continuous understanding of product maturity. Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) seeks process capability data and integrates it with design to link product expectations and process capability. To realize the DFSS vision, knowledge must be captured early in product development; it must be quantifiable and at a level of detail to define product/process relationships. Renaissance Services proposes an electronic system, bringing intelligence to the documentation of design requirements and process capability at a fundamental level: individual characteristics defined by geometries, dimensions, materials, and process/performance specifications. This system-Characteristic Lifecycle Management-can be applied from the beginning of product development and continuously refined, ensuring design intent and process capability are understood, dramatically enhancing design-to-production transition. This will improve development cycle times, increase quality, and improve producibility/productivity, substantially enhancing mission assurance for all products essential to MDA. |
| SCHAFER CORP.
321 Billerica Road Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 338-2865
Dr. William A. Goodman MDA 04-035 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative Manufacturing Process Improvements |
| Abstract: | MDA and Air Force are interested in advanced infrared optical windows for high-energy laser (HEL) systems. Laser windows always absorb some of the incident and transmitted energy. A non-uniform intensity beam profile causes non-uniform thermal gradients in the window, producing optical distortions and mechanical stresses. The window material can impose major degradations on the system beam quality because of localized inhomogenities, whether impurity or strain induced. Finally, fracture of the window can represent a single point catastrophic failure for an entire HEL system. Thus, proper window design is imperative. Schafer was the Scientific, Engineering Technical Advisor (SETA) for all of the SDIO/AFWL HEL window development programs in the early 1990's. Schafer is a leading designer of windows for HEL systems, and we contributed to the design of the output window for the Tactical High Energy Laser (THEL) system. In Phase I, Schafer, with teammate Schott Glass Technologies, will design 5 laser phosphate glass formulations, perform the thermal distortion design and analysis for the Airborne Laser (ABL) bulkhead window based on these, and produce coupons for the top 3 formulations. In Phase II we will downselect the most promising glass and build a prototype bulkhead window for the ABL. |
| SENSOR ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY, INC.
1195 Atlas Road Columbia, SC 29209 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(803) 647-9757
Dr. Remis Gaska MDA 04-035 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of Multi-Wafer Growth Reactor With Migration Enhanced MOCVD Capability for AlInGaN-based Transistor Wafer Production |
| Abstract: | SET will develop commercially viable large area multi-epitaxial wafer technology for manufacturing of reliable high microwave power transistors and amplifiers for new generation of Transmit/Receive modules. |
| SSG, INC.
65 Jonspin Road Wilmington, MA 01887 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 694-9991
Mr. Joseph Robichaud MDA 04-035 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative Aspheric Surface Generation of Silicon Carbide Optics |
| Abstract: | The superior material properties of Silicon Carbide (SiC) have made it an attractive optical material candidate for a number Air Force and Missile Defense Agency applications. Missions like Miniature Kill Vehicle (MKV), Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS), and Airborne Laser (ABL) all require aspheric optics which are lightweight and thermally stable, with low cost production being critical for multiple unit, operational optical systems. SSG has developed and demonstrated a low cost, near-net-shape, SiC mirror substrate fabrication process, and Tinsley Laboratories, an SSG subsidiary, has demonstrated the ability of the Tinsley proprietary Computer Controlled Optical Surfacing (CCOS) process to deterministically polish these SiC materials. There is a strong need for a low-cost aspheric surface generation process which can be used in conjunction with these other steps in order to define an end-to-end, low cost SiC mirror manufacturing approach. This intermediate aspheric surface generation process, the steps between obtaining a mirror substrate and being ready for optical polishing, has proved to be problematic for very hard optical materials like SiC. Aspheric surface generation techniques like single point diamond turning are routinely applied to softer optical materials, however, these approaches are not suitable for SiC due to the material's hardness. SSG proposes to evaluate two potential solutions to this problem: (1) single point turning of SiC with Carbon Nano Tube (CNT) structures, and (2) precision grinding with in-process dressing. Both of these approaches have demonstrated the potential to provide aspheric surface generation of very hard materials. Carbon Nano Tubes have been used to lathe cut Al2O3 materials with good success (ORNL), while in-process dressing has been successfully applied to precision grinding of BeO (LLNL). Like SiC, both of these hard materials cannot be machined using conventional approaches. During the Phase I activity proposed SSG plans to investigate the suitability of these two approaches in surfacing SiC materials. The optimal process will be defined and a program plan for modifying/developing this approach, specifically for aspheric surface generation of SiC optics, will be developed. |
| SYSTEM DESIGN, LLC
73 Junction Square Concord, MA 01742 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 901-2108
Dr. David S. Cochran MDA 04-035 Awarded: 02MAY04 |
| Title: | THAAD Transition to Production - Collective System Design Certification Requirements |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this proposal is to define a system design process in collaboration with Lockheed Martin and the government to minimize THAAD design and development costs through the design and definition of a Collective System Design (CSD) growth-oriented certification process for clients and associates engaged in the THAAD program. In CSD, cost is understood to be the result of the system design. When system design objectives are achieved over the program life cycle, total cost is reduced. By applying CSD to the product design and delivery environment, dramatic improvements in cycle time and costs beyond today's expectations can be achieved. |
| TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT & TRANSFER, I
133 Defense Highway, Suite 212 Annapolis, MD 21401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 987-3435
Dr. Anthony DiGiovanni MDA 04-035 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Optimized Asphere Fabrication and Finishing, for Future Optical Windows |
| Abstract: | Aspherical domes provide lower drag and radar signatures than hemispherical window designs but conventional finishing technologies have not been able to provide adequate optical surfaces. The fabrication of aspherical windows therefore remains a relatively under-developed technology for E/O windows for hypervelocity missiles. Development of deterministic microgrinding, coupled with magnetorheological polishing has made the optical finishing of aspherical domes possible. Hypervelocity windows are exposed to extreme thermal loads as well as requiring high resistance to erosion. Magnesium aluminate spinel is a hard optically transparent material with good thermal shock resistance and is presently being produced in hemispherical domes up to seven inches in diameter as a low-cost replacement for sapphire. Technology Assessment and Transfer will demonstrate that the existing fabrication technology can be extended to produce aspherical domes, and that these domes can be optically finished thereby producing a low-cost approach for the manufacture of hard, aspherical windows for a wide range of missile and hypervelocity applications in the UV, visible and MWIR. |
| TOUCHSTONE RESEARCH LABORATORY, LTD.
The Millennium Centre, R.R. 1, Box 100B Triadelphia, WV 26059 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(304) 547-5800
Mr. Drew M. Spradling MDA 04-035 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative Integration of Carbon Foam and Aerogel |
| Abstract: | Lightweight and structurally strong carbon foam will be integrated with an inexpensive, super insulating carbon or silica aerogel resulting in a new material that, when combined, will increase performance over either material individually. MDA has a need for thermal protection systems to withstand enormous shear stresses of hypersonic flight for rapid global deployment of munitions payloads. Touchstone has developed and brought to market a lightweight, strong carbon foam that is inexpensive to manufacture. While this material has good insulating properties, combining it with an aerogel - the lightest and most insulating solid known to exist - will yield strong, lightweight super insulation that can be used as thermal protection for munitions deployment vehicles and payloads. Due to some manufacturing similarities and inherent open-celled structure of carbon foam, the potential for combining the two materials will mean lower costs and quicker production cycles for this new composite material. Phase I work will prove technical feasibility of aerogel infiltration of carbon foam, including thermal and mechanical testing. Integration of the two inexpensive manufacturing processes will result in Phase II focusing on pilot-scale manufacturing and identification of possible reductions in overall production times and equipment requirements. Low manufacturing costs of carbon foam together with a low-cost aerogel process will ultimately allow for feasible insertion into ballistic missile defense technologies. |
| TRITON SYSTEMS, INC.
200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-4200
Mr. James Burnett MDA 04-035 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Lightweight Composite Armor for Missile Canisters(1000-435) |
| Abstract: | Triton Systems Inc. proposes to develop a low cost manufacturing process to fabricate Fiber Reinforced Aluminum lightweight advanced multi-hit composite panels to meet Patriot Advanced Capability-3 (PAC-3) armor requirements. The proposed Integrated Product Team (IPT) team will consist of Lockheed Martin Missile and Fire Control (LMMFC), the metal matrix and armor development teams at Triton. The PAC-3 and related systems such as the proposed Medium Extended air Defense System (MEADS) and similar missile launcher systems that are deployed in forward positions for terminal phase interception of incoming missiles are the primary benefactors of the proposed multi-hit armor system. These systems have come under significantly increased threat from small arms up to 50-caliber fire and asymmetric threats. A need has been identified for lightweight multi-hit armor that can be retrofit onto the PAC-3 system. This program has been conceived to defeat these small and medium caliber threats with significantly reduced cost panels that will form the backplane of the integrated armor. The armor system is projected to have an areal density lower than currently available, with the hard face ceramic tiles and mounting materials in place. |
| UTRON, INC.
8506 Wellington Road, Suite 20 Manassas, VA 20109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 369-5552
Dr. Karthik Nagarathnam MDA 04-035 Selected for Award |
| Title: | NET SHAPE FABRICATION OF RHENIUM AND RHENIUM/HfC, TaC, SiC COMPOSITES FOR MDA-DACS NOZZLE LINERS USING HIGH PRESSURE COMBUSTION DRIVEN POWDER COMPACTION |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I project is focused on fabricating and evaluating dense and durable refractory based Rhenium, Rhenium/Molybdenum and Rhenium/HfC, TaC and SiC functional composites in net shape using UTRON's innovative, compact and cost-effective High Pressure Combustion Driven Powder Compaction (CDC) technology. The major application is for MDA's high performance Divert and Attitude Control System (DACS) nozzle liner systems for advanced propulsion. Some of the unique advantages are: faster process cycle time (e.g., milliseconds), much higher densification, ability for simple/complex geometries, micro/nano powder consolidation with functional multi-layered materials, substantial cost savings due to much less or no materials wastage unlike the wrought, forged, cast, machined or plasma sprayed parts, superior surface quality (e.g., micron/sub-micron finishes) and scaling up potential. We propose to develop R&D samples of 0.5 inch diameter cylindrical ring, 3.5 inch long dogbones and small scale (<1 inch diameter) truncated conical nozzle liner and scientifically characterize key CDC process optimization, manufacturing strategy, physical properties, surface quality/roughness, microstructure, microchemistry and mechanical/high temperature properties. Our proposed R&D efforts will be integrated by closely working in partnership with MDA subcontractors for more multi-level complex shapes and other novel competitive composite alloys of Rhenium/Molybdenum with carbides, borides, and silicides in Phase II. |
| CELIS SEMICONDUCTOR CORP.
5475 Mark Dabling Blvd., Suite Colorado Springs, CO 80918 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 262-5156
Mr. Alan DeVilbiss MDA 04-036 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Manufacturing Technology for Radiation Hardened/Tolerant Systems |
| Abstract: | Existing nonvolatile semiconductor memory, such as Flash memory, is system life-limiting because of its softness to radiation exposure. Because commercial wafer fabrication processes change, the radiation hardness fluctuates uncontrollably. The objective of this SBIR proposal is to demonstrate that a non-destructive read-out (NDRO) ferroelectric memory with radiation hardened CMOS circuitry that is hardened-by-design can provide a nonvolatile semiconductor memory that that does not limit the life of MDA military and space systems. The NDRO ferroelectric memory is projected to have high levels of radiation hardness to both total ionizing dose and single event upset. In addition to high levels of radiation hardness, the characteristics of this memory are anticipated to be fast write and read data speeds, low power, and high endurance. The approach of this Phase I program is to characterize a discrete implementation of the memory cell and perform additional design and performance simulations to determine the feasibility of using this memory for radiation hardened MDA systems. Based on demonstration of the feasibility, the design, fabrication and characterization of a prototype NDRO ferroelectric memory is proposed for Phase II. Phase III proposes to work with a partner corporation to commercialize the technology to produce products for MDA requirements. |
| HYBRID PLASTICS
18237 Mt. Baldy Circle Fountain Valley, CA 92708 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 962-0303
Dr. Joseph Lichtenhan MDA 04-036 Selected for Award |
| Title: | POSS Nanochemical Technology for Radiation Hardened/Tolerant Systems |
| Abstract: | The work seeks to develop a low cost, and versatile method for providing radiation shielding to microelectronic and optical components. The technical approach utilizes metallized nanoscopic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane building blocks to deliver high loadings of absorbing species as a coating on off -the-shelf electronics. |
| NANOSONIC, INC.
P.O. Box 618 Christiansburg, VA 24068 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 953-1785
Dr. Jennifer Lalli MDA 04-036 Awarded: 12MAY04 |
| Title: | Low Cost Fabrication of Radiation Hardened Electronics |
| Abstract: | NanoSonic would develop low cost manufacturing methods for producing radiation hardened nonvolatile Chalcogenide based Random Access Memory (RAM) and magneto-resistive RAM with BAE Systems and Lockheed Martin to improve near term and next generation MDA programs including Theatre High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD), Miniature Kill Vehicles (MKV), and the Space Tracking and Surveillance System (STSS). The DoD's most promising solution for radiation hardened, miniaturized, high density memory lies in solid state devices such as BAE's Chalcogenide based RAM (phase change materials) and MRAM rather than electronic storage. NanoSonic has manufacturing capabilities to lower cost and improve performance of state of the art memory products including: tailored nanoparticle syntheses (up to 20L), expertise in the art of self assembly (on severely curved and large 12" substrates), rapid prototyping via ink-jet printing (drop size 10 pL), and maskless lithography (10 nm). Hexagonal arrays of oxidatively stable, discrete nanoparticles are formed within multifunctional ultrathin films via self assembly. This technology would be combined with advanced polymers and tailored architectures are used to prevent aggregation and intergrain particle interactions through ligand exchange processes. The Chalcogenide and MRAM devices would be tested in Lockheed Martin and BAE products during Phase II. |
| NU-TREK
16428 Avenida Florencia Poway, CA 92064 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 487-8149
Dr. John Rauch MDA 04-036 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Improving Radiation Tolerance of COTS-Based Systems With Fast Nuclear Event Detection and Circumvention System |
| Abstract: | Since modern microelectronics are capable of responding in times comparable to gamma pulse risetimes, it is critical to have circumvention techniques that offer protection in the same time frames. We will couple Nu-Trek's ultra fast GaAs detector technology (< 30 ps response time) with Titan/Jaycor's System Hardening Upset Recovery (SHUR) technology for a sub-nanosecond nuclear event detector and circumvention system, UF-SHUR (adjustable and staged engagement, E6-E10 rad(Si)/s). SHUR is a macro cell library sponsored by DTRA available to all government contractors for use in their designs. UF-SHUR is especially applicable to COTS devices and systems, as it enhances radiation hardness on a system level. In the context of an FPA, UF-SHUR will protect the sequencer control electronics, the calibration data memory, all the interfaces between the analog signal processor and the digital signal processor. Additional features include false-write protection, prompt immune signal pass-through, hardened clock generation circuitry, multiple fault masking, off-line timer, and hardened recall registers. In addition, an Ultra Fast Nuclear Event Detector will be spun off as a commercial product. |
| STRUCTURED MATERIALS INDUSTRIES
Suite 103, 201 Circle Drive Piscataway, NJ 08854 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 260-9589
Mr. Joe D. Cuchiaro MDA 04-036 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Prompt-Dose Hardened Non-Volatile Re-Programmable FPGA |
| Abstract: | There is currently significant effort in designing and developing microelectronic test structures, sub-circuits, models, and design techniques leading to a space radiation hardened re-programmable non-volatile Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). In this MDA Phase I effort, Structured Materials Industries, Inc. (SMI) will build upon existing work to evaluate a re-programmable FPGA FLASH based switch for intrinsic hardness to prompt dose radiation, identify improvements by utilizing Hardened By Design (HBD) techniques, and investigate novel hardening techniques (such as minimizing the electric field by using a poly-silicon field plate) in order to design the basic prompt-dose hardened FPGA cell for Phase II demonstration. Our Phase II effort will build upon Phase I results by developing and building test chip structures of the FLASH switch cells with a target radiation tolerance of 1Mrad(Si) or greater and prompt dose tolerance greater than 1.0E10 Rad(Si)/sec. These test circuits, as well as the resulting FPGA, will be targeted at the same advanced wafer process (130 nm and potentially 90 nm) and in the same merchant foundry (currently UMC) as current commercial high volume FPGAs. In Phase III SMI, with its partners, will market high-density re-programmable prompt-dose hardened FPGA devices utilizing low-cost foundry manufacturing to incorporate various known and novel (HBD) techniques for a strategically hardened version of commercial re-programmable non-volatile FPGA. |
| UNITED SILICON CARBIDE, INC.
New Brunswick Tech Center, 100 Jersey Ave.Bldg A New Brunswick, NJ 08901 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 565-9500
Mr. Leonid Fursin MDA 04-036 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A highly manufacturable technology for radiation-hardened and high-temperature system applications |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I project is proposed to develop a highly manufacturable technology for radiation-hardened high-temperature SiC devices for both military and commercial applications. The innovative design in device structure and in processing of the proposed SiC power device will make it possible to offer the ultimate high radiation tolerance. The SiC device will also overcome the bottleneck problems of low inversion layer carrier mobility and low gate oxide reliability problems of SiC power MOSFETs under high temperature. In Phase I, efforts are proposed to develop the manufacturing technology through experimental demonstration of the proposed SiC device. Commercially available SiC wafers will be used to demonstrate the devices with aggressive voltage and current targets. Computer modeling will be done to extract key parameters to guide efforts for further device improvements. Preliminary radiation and high-temperature study will also be performed to investigate the radiation and high-temperature effects on the SiC device performance. The fabricated SiC devices will be delivered for system prototyping for rad-hard and high temperature applications. In Phase II, the rad-hard manufacturing technology will be fully developed and SiC devices with substantially increased power level will be delivered for insertion into MDA systems and subsystems. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. Nabil A. Elkouh MDA 04-037 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Rapid Heating of Lithium Oxyhalide Batteries |
| Abstract: | Lithium oxyhalide batteries offer energy densities several times higher than thermal batteries. Like thermal batteries, lithium oxyhalide batteries have unactivated storage lives in excess of 20 years and are mechanically rugged. Some of the main advantages that lithium oxyhalide batteries offer are flat discharge voltage profiles and potentially long operating lives. However, battery performance deteriorates significantly when the temperature is less than -20 degrees Celsius. To preserve the advantages that lithium oxyhalide batteries have and extend them to low temperatures, we will develop a means to heat a cold electrolyte extremely rapidly - in less than two seconds - dramatically improving low temperature performance. Key to this development will be to minimize any weight penalty associated with the rapid heating mechanism. In Phase I, we will prove the feasibility of our rapid heating approach. In Phase II, we will demonstrate the approach in production batteries. |
| ENSER CORP. THE
5430 70th Avenue North Pinellas Park, FL 33781 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(727) 520-1393
Mr. Heath Norris MDA 04-037 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Thermal Battery Powder Granulation |
| Abstract: | Thermal batteries are mission-critical components utilized in virtually every weapon system. Thermal batteries require four types of pellets that comprise the energy-producing portion of the battery. These include: (1) anode pellets, composed of Li(Si) alloy and electrolyte salt, (2) cathode pellets, consisting of either FeS2 or CoS2 and electrolyte salt, (3) separator pellets, consisting of MgO and electrolyte salt and (4) heat pellets containing iron and potassium perchlorate. A pellet is manufactured by compacting its powdered constituents in an automated press. The powder is loaded into a feed shoe, which automatically fills a die cavity. Currently, pellet production is the rate-limiting step in thermal battery manufacture, hence, it is essential to optimize press throughput. The chemical, physical, and mechanical differences between the powders are wildly different. The ultimate material would exhibit excellent flow behavior and compaction behavior. The pharmaceutical industry has done extensive work in this area. One of the methods utilized to improve flow properties and compression characteristics is granulation. This proposed SBIR project focuses on the design challenge to implement a granulation process in order to double pellet production rate. In principle, accomplishing this goal will result in a substantial increase in thermal battery production capability. |
| TPL, INC.
3921 Academy Parkway North, NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 342-4427
Dr. Charles D. E. Lakeman MDA 04-037 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Lithium Microbattery Microsupercapacitor Hybrid Power Supplies |
| Abstract: | Advances in microfabrication, integrated circuit technology, and sensor design, enable sensors, active RFID beacons, and integrated microsystems to be constructed at low cost. These systems will have applications in miniature kill vehicles (MKV), distributed unattended sensors for security and structural health monitoring, and active RFID beacons for inventory management. Critical to realizing these devices is a low cost, high energy density, minimum footprint power supply. TPL Inc. proposes to develop a unique MEMS Electrochemical Power Supply that will exploit TPL's patented volumetric lithium microbatteries and microsupercapacitors to deliver high energy and power densities in a minimum footprint, minimum volume package. In the proposed Phase I effort, TPL will combine new lithium microbatteries with integrated micro-supercapacitors and evaluate their energy storage and power delivery capabilities. Primary lithium batteries have a high energy density (~1000Whr/L, 3.6J/mm3), high voltage (3V), and good performance characteristics (high discharge rate capability, low cost). In a volumetric package, these devices deliver substantially increased capacity compared with thin film devices with the same footprint. The PI has pioneered the microfabrication technology that makes these devices possible, and is uniquely qualified to ensure delivery of a micro-power supply that will support MEMS applications in both commercial and military markets. |
| YARDNEY TECHNICAL PRODUCTS, INC.
82 Mechanic Street Pawcatuck, CT 06379 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 599-1100
Dr. Thomas Barbarich MDA 04-037 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ballistic Missile System Innovative Power Storage Devices |
| Abstract: | Safety concerns over the susceptibility of large Li-ion cells to thermal runaway during overcharge are one of the problems preventing the commercialization of these cells. New materials will be developed which will prevent thermal runaway and capacity fade from occurring. These will be substituted for a cell component that is believed to be involved in these processes. |
| AVYD DEVICES, INC.
2925 COLLEGE AVENUE, UNIT A- COSTA MESA, CA 92626 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 751-8553
Dr. Honnavalli R Vydyanath MDA 04-038 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Producible High Performance VLWIR HgCdTe Detector Technology |
| Abstract: | Our proposal addresses the development of an innovative producible VLWIR HgCdTe detector focal plane technology where high reliability, high manufacturing yields at higher performance levels and lower production costs are the goals. In Phase I, we plan to establish the feasibility of our approach. In Phase II, we plan to demonstrate the engineering scale- up of the proposed technology, with demonstration of high performance large two-dimensional arrays (256x256 or larger) hybridized to silicon Read Out Integrated Circuits (ROICs) with a high operability, high yield and lowered costs. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
135 S. Taylor Avenue Louisville, CO 80027 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Dr. Chris Wood MDA 04-038 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Compact, Efficient Laser Radar Transmitters using Wavelength Stabilized Pump Diodes |
| Abstract: | CTI has extensive experience with high performance, mil-spec, flight-qualified LADAR systems, and we are keenly aware that the environmental control systems for such lasers can often be larger, heavier, and more power-hungry than the lasers themselves. Additionally, transmitters for LADAR systems urgently need to take a technological step forward from their present-day configurations that tend to be only a minor revision from a `laboratory breadboard'. CTI proposes to tackle both of these problems with a novel combination of technologies to produce compact, near-monolithic, high performance LADAR transmitters with greatly reduced thermal requirements. The benefits of such a transmitter are numerous: size, weight, efficiency, manufacturability, robustness, and reliability. Our design utilizes several recently demonstrated, innovative CTI technologies that enable compact, high beam-quality, high-energy output, and is pumped by newly developed COTS diode lasers with improved thermal insensitivity. Our proposed transmitter will eliminate the the need for transmitter temperature control in a majority of MDA applications. CTI's innovative solid-state laser technology is the basis for this extremely rugged transmitter, and reduces or eliminates thermal requirements on the laser medium. The resulting design enables extremely compact, inexpensive, and manufacturable laser oscillators and amplifiers with diffraction-limited beam quality and negligible turn-on time. Phase I will deliver an optimal transmitter design based on these concepts, and Phase II will deliver a breadboard transmitter. |
| EPIR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
590 Territorial Drive, Suite B Bolingbrook, IL 60440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(630) 771-0206
Dr. Silviu Velicu MDA 04-038 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Long and Very Long Wavelenght Non-equilibrium Superlattice Infrared Detectors |
| Abstract: | We propose a new generation of non-equilibrium, high efficiency long and very long wavelength infrared (8 microns and longer) superlattice-based detectors that operate in the 40 to 77 K temperature range. This technology will lead to the possibility of improving the performance of current infrared focal plane arrays. It will also permit the creation of very long wavelength infrared detection capabilities that are necessary for a variety of MDA missions. We plan to achieve the objectives by combining the advantages of the molecular beam epitaxy crystal growth technique and an innovative non-equilibrium device architecture that will decrease the dark current. In addition, we plan to introduce superlattice structures to control the energy bandgap more precisely. For the most frequently used infrared photon detecting material bulk HgCdTe, a small variation in the CdTe mole fraction causes a big change in the energy gap. However, the gap is determined by layer thicknesses in a superlattice, which can be better controlled. We propose to use HgTe/CdTe superlattice infrared materials grown by molecular beam epitaxy directly on CdTe/Si or CdZnTe bulk substrates. This will make it possible to produce high quality absorber layers with lower defect densities, and in turn, high performance detectors with lower dark currents and improved detectivities. |
| EPITAXIAL TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
1450 South Rolling Road Baltimore, MD 21227 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(410) 455-5830
Dr. Ayub Fathimulla MDA 04-038 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High sensitivity, 1.06 um ladar photoreceivers with micro digitized pixels |
| Abstract: | The objective of this Phase 1 SBIR project is to develop highly sensitive 1.06-um ladar photoreceivers for enhanced ABL and EKV resolution and engagement range, which will significantly increase their hit-to-kill capability. The basis of the proposed effort is a combination of on-chip digitization and optical amplification to enhance sensitivity, fill-factor without sacrificing the bandwidth and increasing the transmit energy level. In Phase 1, we will design and implement optically preamplified pixels that will obviate the need for electronic amplification before digitization. The optical preamplification will be as high as 20 dB and will be based on the Company's VCSOA technology adapted for 1.064-um operation. We will design an integral digitizer based on the resonant tunneling bipolar transistor (the micro digitizer), which will enable high bit digitization using more than an order of magnitude lower part count than state-of-the-art digitization techniques, and reduce the size of the digitizer. This will enable high fill-factor pixel-level digitization. During Phase II, we will optimize the optically preamplified pixels, implement the on-pixel digitization and produce 10 x 10 photoreceiver arrays with -58 dBm sensitivity at 1.4 GHz bandwidth (2.5 Gsps), to enable a ladar range of at least 300 Km with less than 30 cm resolution. |
| FIBERTEK, INC.
510 Herndon Parkway Herndon, VA 20170 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 471-7671
Dr. William Torruellas MDA 04-038 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ballistic Missile Innovative Electro-Optic Products |
| Abstract: | Advanced modulation formats and detection approaches, common in optical communications, have the potential of improving the performance of coherent LADAR systems. In order to achieve unambiguous range and velocity discrimination a sophisticated modulation format is required. We want to adapt telecommunication modualtion formats and investigate their advantages in LADAR applications. By integrating such optical fiber based technology in LADAR systems we anticipate improvements in: Optical beam quality,Beam pointing stability, signal to noise ratio, range and velocity ambiguity, packaging and power conversion efficiency. |
| FOSTER-MILLER, INC.
350 Second Ave. Waltham, MA 02451 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 684-4150
Mr. Brian Farrell MDA 04-038 Awarded: 06MAY04 |
| Title: | A Highly Integrated Near-Hermetic Optoelectronic Packaging Technology |
| Abstract: | This proposed effort is designed to ensure that the DoD, will have access to a highly integrated, near-hermetic optoelectronic packaging and interconnect technology that will dramatically lower the cost and offer vastly improved design flexibility to current and next generation optoelectronic subsystems. The focus of this proposed effort is the initiation of a qualification program for our LCP substrate technology with "near hermetic" optoelectronic packaging of a commercially viable package design. With the substrate technology maturing on the commercial front, most of the remaining technical challenges lie in the package lid development, reliable integration of optical pigtails and optical windows, and hermetic lid sealing to the LCP base substrate. (P-040204) |
| MP TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
1801 Maple Avenue Evanston, IL 60201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(847) 256-7648
Dr. Vahid Yazdanpanah MDA 04-038 Selected for Award |
| Title: | The Growth of InAs/GaSb Type II Superlattices on Si Substrates for Infrared FPAs |
| Abstract: | High performance infrared detectors in the mid and long wavelength infrared (MWIR and LWIR) spectral bands are highly needed in a number of missile defense missions. Type II InAs/GaSb superlattices represent the most promising material system capable of delivering a more affordable and producible focal plane array (FPA) technology than the current technology, while at the same time exhibiting similar or better performance. Two of the major challenges in the realization of FPA in this system pertain to the unintentionally doped p-type GaSb substrate used in the growth of type II superlattices: its strong infrared absorption and its thermal mismatch with the silicon ROIC that leads to cracking and thus limits the FPA size. It is therefore proposed here to study the feasibility of growing type II InAs/GaSb superlattices on silicon substrates in spite of a lattice mismatch of ~11 %. The design and optimization of an appropriate buffer layer technique will be an essential part of the proposed work. |
| RINI TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3267 Progress Drive Orlando, FL 32826 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 384-7840
Dr. Daniel P Rini MDA 04-038 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative Diode Laser Pump Array for Directed Energy Weapons |
| Abstract: | Rini Technologies Inc. (RTI), proposals to demonstrate the feasibility of a new diode laser packaging concept that simultaneously features a lower thermal resistance, a simpler manufacturing process, an innovative beam shaping device, and a more compact cooling system than any diode package available today. Current programs to develop high power diode pumped solid state lasers for missile defense will benefit from a diode package with these improvements since the diode pumps are the "heart" of the laser system. This diode array concept uses an innovative optical element called a Beam Control Prism, in conjunction with a powerful thermal management technique, Evaporative Spray Cooling to produce the superior performance of the diode array. Phase I will focus on an experiment to demonstrate the abilities of the optical element and a diode array design to establish the Phase II prototype. RTI will partner with the University of Central Florida's School of Optics and diode laser manufacturers to help meet these goals |
| ZIA LASER, INC.
805 University Blvd. SE, Suite 105 Albuquerque, NM 87106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 243-3070
Dr. Tom Tumolillo, Jr. MDA 04-038 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ballistic Missile Innovative Electro-Optic Products |
| Abstract: | The objective of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility of producing infrared Focal Plane Arrays with extended Very Long Wavelength Infrared (VLWIR)in the 20 to 25 micron range, herby called Ultra Long Wavelength (ULWIR), with high operating temperature (HOT, T>80K). These detectors are based on intersubband transitions in self-assembled nanoscale quantum dots on GaAs substrates. The technology is expected to lower costs though leveraging of existing GaAs semiconductor technology and the large are wafer substrates commercially available which are useful for the production of large focal plane arrays economically. Moreover, an increase in the operating temperature from the current levels of 4-20 K required for other technologies in the ULWIR, to liquid nitrogen temperatures of 77K for the would lead to a reduction in the cost and complexity of the system. This will in turn enable enhancements to MDA's space based detection systems where the targets are cool and with low background irradiance levels |
| APPLIED PHYSICAL ELECTRONICS, L.C.
PO Box 341149 Austin, TX 78734 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 264-1804
Dr. Jon R. Mayes MDA 04-039 Awarded: 13MAY04 |
| Title: | Integrated Insulation Processing and Testing System |
| Abstract: | The Achilles heel in high voltage systems is with dielectric materials used for insulation. Liquid dielectrics offer advantages in self-healing and thermal management properties, but their dielectric strength is low. Liquid dielectrics also require ancillary devices for flowing and de-ionizing, and these systems are vulnerable to leaks in high-g environments. Solid dielectrics offer advantages in relatively high dielectric strengths and engineered properties of dielectric constants and thermal coefficients; however, their manufactured stock is limited and they most often require additional machining to "nearly" match the housing structure, which leads to voids, and ultimately, material failures (or mission failures). Furthermore, current testing methods for the solid dielectric materials is an antiquated process developed around the 60 Hz machine world and proves inadequate for pulse high voltage pulses ranging in frequency from 100 MHz to 12 GHz. Applied Physical Electronics, L.C. (APELC) proposes an Integrated Insulation Processing and Testing System (IIPTS) for engineering, testing, fabricating and verifying solid dielectric insulators for high voltage radar systems. The system proposes to test material properties at high voltages and with frequencies from 10 MHz to 12 GHz. |
| EMAG TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1340 Eisenhower Place Ann Arbor, MI 48108 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 973-6600
Dr. Alex Margomenos MDA 04-039 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ballistic Missile Innovative Radar and RF Products |
| Abstract: | The Missile Defense Agency, assigned with the extremely critical and highly complicated task of protecting the U.S. against ballistic and cruise missiles, has an urgent need for innovative Radar and RF components. In response to the above need, EMAG Technologies proposes to develop a Ku band (12-18 GHz) T/R module based on revolutionary concepts in packaging and three-dimensional integration that will reduce the RF communication package size and volume by two orders of magnitude. We will demonstrate these new technologies by building and characterizing a Ku-band component. The proposed transmit module will be fabricated on high resistivity silicon wafers using mature micromachining technologies which can produce: three-dimensional, high density interconnects, miniaturized antenna elements, on-wafer packaging, monolithically integrated passive elements, frequency downconversion, and adaptive beamforming at the IF. All these architectures can be integrated on a single chip thus forming miniaturized multi-chip modules with high performance and functionality. |
| HITTITE MICROWAVE CORP.
12 Elizabeth Drive Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 250-3343
Mr. Mitchell Shifrin MDA 04-039 Awarded: 14MAY04 |
| Title: | Ballistic Missile Innovative Radar and RF Products |
| Abstract: | Radars for missiles and missile defense systems rely on phased array antennae and integrated T/R modules made of MMICs. As the missile defense scenario becomes increasingly complex to counter advanced threats, functions of microwave and millimeter-wave hardware becomes correspondingly complex posing a new challenge for large-scale integration, packaging, and reliability improvement. This proposal is addressed to those issues related to producibility and reliability of microwave packages. Several novel concepts are introduced as potential topics of investigation. Examples of novel concepts include: (1) single-planer integration of all RF circuits, including signal sources, for T/R modules,(2) development of T/R modules based on advanced wide band-gap semiconductors, and (3) radiation hardness and space qualification of devices made of novel semiconductor processes. Those advanced concepts will be evaluated to determine the benefit vis- -vis current requirements and limitations, and a the Phase 1 effort will lead to definition of maximum pay-off approach to apply one or more of those advanced concepts. Hittite Microwave Corporation is a designer and supplier of MMICs and highly integrated and miniaturized microwave packages and assemblies. The proposed program will lead to simplification of manufacturing methods of high-density microwave assemblies for both military and commercial end-use applications. |
| INTRINSIC SEMICONDUCTOR CORP.
22660 Executive Drive, Suite 101 Sterling, VA 20166 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 437-4000
Dr. Cengiz Balkas MDA 04-039 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ballistic Missile Innovative Radar and RF Products |
| Abstract: | Development of ultra pure silicon carbide (SiC) substrates that are electrically insulating will be pursued under the SBIR Phase I program. The Company has developed a unique and proprietary technique for making such substrates. A number of characterization tasks will also be performed on the wafers produced under to proposed effort. |
| MAINSTREAM ENGINEERING CORP.
200 Yellow Place, Pines Industrial Center Rockledge, FL 32955 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(321) 631-3550
Mr. Gregory S. Cole MDA 04-039 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Radar Performance Improvements with Nanotube Enhanced Spray Cooling |
| Abstract: | Mainstream has already demonstrated that active cooling systems can be used to increase the output power and the power added efficiency of gallium arsenide (GaAs), high power amplifier (HPA), monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) by 36% and 14%, respectively. Now, Mainstream has developed a new and highly innovative technology that will not only improve the performance, increase the reliability, and extend the life of ballistic missile radar systems but also reduce the size, weight, and power consumption of the active thermal management system. An innovative surface enhancement technology has been demonstrated that promotes nucleation and surface wetting in nucleate pool boiling. Because the nucleate boiling mechanism is also present in spray cooling, the potential to increase the two-phase heat transfer coefficient by 50% and decrease thermal management system power consumption by 18% exists. In Phase I, Mainstream will experimentally demonstrate the improved spray cooling technique on surface enhanced heaters to measure thermal improvements and on a surface enhanced GaAs HPA MMIC to measure RF improvements. In Phase II, the improved spray cooling technology will be applied to a radar system at the T/R module-level. |
| METAL MATRIX CAST COMPOSITES, LLC (
101 Clematis Avenue, Unit #1 Waltham, MA 02453 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 893-4449
Dr. James A. Cornie MDA 04-039 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Three-Stage Hybridization of Ultra High Thermal Conductivity Heat Sinks and Spreaders for Advanced Radar and RF Components |
| Abstract: | By combining discontinuous graphite fiber preforms with inserts of ultra high thermal conductivity materials, we will create hybridized composites with thermal expansion matching to GaAs, SiC or GaN semiconductor amplifiers in advanced radar systems. Specifically, we will use a conventional MetGraf 4-230 skin/encapsulant (first stage, thermal conductivity = 230 W/mK) with high conductivity preforms oriented in the "Z" (through thickness) direction (second stage, TC= 672 W/mK) to rapidly remove heat from the chip. The heat will then be transported by an ultra high thermal conductivity insert (third stage TC=1401 W/mK) from the heat source to the water cooled rail of the radar system. Using the hybridization concept with matching CTE, two interface materials and bonding agents can be eliminated, resulting in further performance increase and cost savings. We estimate that the thermal conductance of LRU (Least Replacement Units) in advanced radar systems can be increased by a factor of 3 to 8 over present systems. We will show feasibility for this concept with Al matrix composites. Once feasibility has been shown for the optimized system, the experiment will be repeated with a Cu matrix so as to increase the areas of application of the three-stage hybridization concept. |
| MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
5799L Burke Centre Parkway Burke, VA 22015 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 250-6485
Dr. Jose E. Velazco MDA 04-039 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Efficiency Extended Interaction X-band Amplifier |
| Abstract: | We propose the prototype development of an efficient extended-interaction X-band amplifier (EIXA) that will provide high power X-band radiation for space communications. The EIXA is based on the interaction between a high-frequency electron bunches and the electromagnetic fields of a very compact dielectric-lined waveguide. The dielectric waveguide is used to slow down the wave and to allow the efficient interaction of the electron bunches and the rf fields. Our initial studies show the EIXA to be twice as efficient as conventional helix traveling-wave tubes and less sensitive to shock and vibration, making the EIXA ideal for space applications. Detailed numerical and computational of this concept are proposed during Phase I in order to evaluate key issues such as bandwidth, saturated output power, efficiency and gain. Once successfully developed, the EIXA should be capable of replacing conventional traveling-wave tubes in telecommunication systems for future space applications by offering substantial improvements in size, weight, and especially efficiency over its counterparts. |
| MMICMAN, LLC
826 N. Red Robin St. Orange, CA 92869 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 980-3039
Mr. Rick Sturdivant MDA 04-039 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ballistic Missile High Power Amplifier Module |
| Abstract: | Current MDA phased array radar systems cost the US government hundreds of millions of dollars. In addition, these radar systems use electronics technology that is 20+ years old. As a result, the performance of these radars does not meet critical system goals such as array sensitivity. We propose to improve array system performance to meet current and future requirements while simultaneously reducing cost. An innovative low cost high power amplifier module research and development is proposed. Specifically the goals are to reduce phased array cost by a factor of 3-5, improve thermal performance by a factor of 10-20 and improve array manufacturability by a factor of 5. |
| MMICMAN, LLC
826 N. Red Robin St. Orange, CA 92869 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 980-3039
Mr. Rick Sturdivant MDA 04-039 Awarded: 03JUN04 |
| Title: | Ballistic Missile Innovative Radar |
| Abstract: | Current MDA phased array radar systems cost the US government hundreds of millions of dollars. In addition, these radar systems use electronics technology that is 20+ years old. As a result, the performance of these radars does not meet critical system goals such as array sensitivity. We propose to improve array system performance to meet current and future requirements while simultaneously reducing cost by applying the most recent advances in electronic technology which includes our proprietary "Zero Thermal Path" T/R module technology. Specifically the goals are to reduce phased array cost by a factor of 3-5, improve thermal performance by a factor of 10-20 and improve array manufacturability by a factor of 5. |
| PROPAGATION RESEARCH ASSOC.
1711 Indian Ridge Dr. Woodstock, GA 30189 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(770) 528-7657
Mr. Neal Alexander MDA 04-039 Awarded: 04MAY04 |
| Title: | Efficient Radar Polarimeter Technology for Missile Defense |
| Abstract: | Propagation Research Associates, Inc., (PRA) proposes to develop radar polarimeter technology that will instantaneously measure the parameters of the Stokes vector or Polarization Scattering Matrix (PSM) of a target without requiring additional antennas or antenna elements in Missile Defense phased-array radars. The term `instantaneous' is used to mean that the parameters of the Stokes vector or PSM are measured with a single pulse and that the measurements all occur at the same time. The Stokes vector and PSM provide effective measures to detect and discriminate targets embedded in threat complexes. The PRA Radar Polarimeter and PRA Orthogonal Radar Polarimeter substantially reduce the cost of measuring polarization for large phased-array radars and provide instantaneous measurement of the Stokes vector and PSM components that are more reliable than conventional sequential measurement approaches. The innovative PRA radar polarimeter technology addresses a significant need in radar technology - the need to measure target polarimetrics instantaneously without increasing hardware cost, weight, and volume. PRA radar polarimeter technology will have direct applications to Missile Defense, where target detection and discrimination in a dynamic clutter environment is required. Also included are polarimeter designs for infrared and optical sensors that provide low-cost and efficient polarimeter technologies for these wavelengths. |
| Q-DOT, INC.
1069 Elkton Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80907 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 590-1112
Mr. Michael E. Harrell MDA 04-039 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Software-Defined Delta-Sigma Waveform Generator (DS WG) (9655) |
| Abstract: | Q-DOT proposes to develop a Software-Defined Delta-Sigma Waveform Generator (DS-WG) for advanced MDA ballistic missile defense systems. This approach can be used to generate diverse waveforms from UHF to X-band. The proposed effort has the potential to reduce the size, power and cost of waveform generation for communications and radar systems while increasing reliability. This approach offers miniature generation of modern spectrally efficient waveforms for telemetry of communications as well as radar waveforms like linear FM and pulsed CW. The approach offers the signal quality (110 dBc SFDR and low noise floor) for usage in the receive path as a local oscillator. The DS WG can be used to augment phased array beamforming systems with a communications function. Die-level packaging makes the approach compatible with integration into an X-band T/R module. The single-chip, low-power approach greatly reduces costs, a key requirement for large phased array radar systems. The approach is compliant with JTRS's SCA mandate. Under Phase I, Q-DOT will characterize the DS WG approach for a broad set of waveforms and determine an optimum architecture for the DS WG. Circuit-simulations will be performed to determine the feasibility and performance of this approach for the waveforms of interest. Under Phase II prototype circuits will be fabricated and demonstrated. |
| RINI TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
3267 Progress Drive Orlando, FL 32826 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 384-7840
Dr. Daniel P Rini MDA 04-039 Awarded: 22APR04 |
| Title: | Heat Spreader for High Power Amplifier Device Material Stack-up |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a novel cost-effective process to produce carbon nanotube enhanced copper nanocomposites with ultra high thermal conductivity. The process can also tailor the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) to match those of all semiconductors. This new nanocomposite is well suited for heat spreading directly under high power RF devices to avoid large temperature gradients. The technique can be also used to produce flow structures such as microchannels for the thermal management of high-voltage GaAs and other WBG power amplifiers that operate at very high power densities. In Phase I, we will demonstrate that the thermal conductivity of the nanocomposite can be more than twice as high as that of copper. While the carbon nanotubes are aligned in the fabrication process, a woven structure can be designed so that the nanocomposite can achieve effective heat spreading in all directions. We will also demonstrate that the CTE of the nanocomposite can be controlled to match those of semiconductors, thus significantly improving the reliability of the radar T/R modules. The effectiveness of this new material as a heat spreader will be demonstrated experimentally. The goal of the overall effort (Phase I and beyond) is to produce a thermal management subsystem that can enhance performance of T/R modules while lowering their production cost. |
| SEMISOUTH LABORATORIES
One Research Blvd., Suite 201B Starkville, MS 39759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(662) 324-7607
Mr. Igor Sankin MDA 04-039 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Self-aligned L-band SiC Power MESFET with Improved Current Stability for Ballistic Missile Defense Systems |
| Abstract: | In coordination with other ONR and MDA sponsored SiC MESFET development, SemiSouth proposes development of an improved, L or S-band designed SiC MESFET which focuses on a self-aligned process. This self-aligned process requires development of a high-uniformity gate recess etch and an improved, smoother surface silicide process. This work complements ongoing work involving a major prime contractor on SiC MESFET's for long-range radar systems, where SemiSouth is focused on developing highly uniform MESFET epitaxy layers, and SiC MESFET passivation schemes. |
| HUDSON RESEARCH, INC.
P.O. Box C New Rochelle, NY 10804 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(914) 576-7990
Mr. Curtis Birnbach MDA 04-040 Awarded: 03JUN04 |
| Title: | Adaptable Real-time Fourier Processor |
| Abstract: | Fourier signal processing is an enabling technology that applies to three of the identified technology areas in BAA HQ0006-02-AC-BAA. These include (1) Radar Systems Signal Processing, (2) Lasers & Electro-optics; Optical Signal Processing, and (3) Mathematics and Computer Processing. Drawing on work done in medical signal processing, we seek to expand the Fourier processing technology developed for cardiology to military applications. During the course of developing the medical optical signal processor, it was noted that the adaptive spatial filter that had been developed for cardiology and retinal imaging was applicable to the exploitation of aerial photographs & images. This was determined to be due to the similarity in the Fourier power spectra of the medical and reconnaissance image |
| NUONICS, INC.
3361 Rouse Road, Suite 170 Orlando, FL 32817 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 381-1663
Dr. Nabeel A. Riza MDA 04-040 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Super Resolution Long Delay Variable Optical Delay Line for RF Radar |
| Abstract: | This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project deals with a unique variable optical delay line technology applicable to MDA TMD and NMD radar program activities such as the PATRIOT Advanced Capability-3 (PAC-3) missile system, Navy Area Wide AEGIS/Standard Missile System, and the Theater High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) System. This delay line technology can simultaneously provide both high resolution time delay and long time delays for the RF signals in the microwave and millimeter-wave bands. It is assembled from compact optical devices and fiber-optics, leading to a low loss high performance and scalable module for radar. The module features high resolution sub-picosecond variable delays with long delays only limited by fiber length and inherent loss. This delay line can be used for applications such as photonic beamforming for microwave radars and for conducting radar testing. Phase I research will concentrate on the basic proposed module and its proof of concept experimental demonstration. Groundwork will be laid to indicate technical concept feasibility that will lead to a Phase II plan for prototyping and development. |
| PHASE IV SYSTEMS, INC.
3405 Triana Boulevard Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 535-2100
Dr. Robert H. Fletcher MDA 04-040 Awarded: 14APR04 |
| Title: | Advanced Waveform Processing |
| Abstract: | Radar pulse compression waveforms can be processed with the waveform's "matched filter" to provide the optimum detection performance of a target in the presence of white Gaussian noise. Unfortunately, these optimally processed waveforms also exhibit undesired spurious responses called time (or range) sidelobes, which can significantly degrade the detection of small radar targets in the vicinity of large returns. This SBIR considers a general technique for suppressing the time sidelobes of any waveform (LFM, m-sequence, chaotic, etc.) with a minimum loss in sensitivity and resolution. The method uses a constrained optimization algorithm to compute the filter response function that provides the maximum output SNR subject to constraints on the allowed levels of the time sidelobes. As an example, the type of sidelobe suppression achievable with a 63-bit m-sequence code reduces sidelobes from -21 dB to -40 dB with a small SNR loss of only 1.2 dB, as compared to the matched filter. An additional benefit of this approach is that the sidelobe control is very flexible. It need not be symmetric about the main response, and it can include deeper notches in regions of special interest. Moreover, for certain processor implementations the increased capability is achieved with no additional real-time processing requirements. |
| SCIENTIFIC MATERIALS CORP.
310 Icepond Road Bozeman, MT 59715 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(406) 585-3772
Dr. Randy R. Reibel MDA 04-040 Awarded: 04MAY04 |
| Title: | Multi-band Range and Doppler Processing Using S2-CHIP Technology |
| Abstract: | The scope of this proposed effort is to design and demonstrate a multi-band (S and X), wide instantaneous bandwidth (>1 GHz S-band and >2 GHz at X-band) range processor utilizing S2-CHIP technology. S2-CHIP, termed for spatial spectral coherent holographic integrating processor, is an analog optical signal processor that has the ability to process coherent multi-band, ultra-wide-bandwidth radar return signals in real time for range and Doppler target discrimination and identification. The proposed proof-of-concept demonstration, along with device modeling and analysis, will show the capability of the S2-CHIP technology to simultaneously process these bands in one volume of S2 material and provide validated projections of the performance of such an ultra-wideband coherent processor. We will work with MDA on important system specifications, such as types of broadband codes, bandwidths and RF frequencies, as well as to identify system critical performance metrics. Utilizing current S2-CHIP models, we will simulate our systems specific performance and compare it with demonstrated results. Under Phase II we will begin design and development of a full system prototype that will enable multi-band range and Doppler extraction. |
| ACELLENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
155C-3 Moffett Park Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94089 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 745-7924
Dr. Scott Peck MDA 04-041 Awarded: 15APR04 |
| Title: | Structural Health Monitoring System for Rocket Motor Cases |
| Abstract: | Filament wound fiber reinforced composite rocket motor cases are widely used on MDA missile systems. However, significant performance and behavior characteristics of the composite structure can be affected by degradation resulting from exposure to environmental conditions or damage resulting from handling conditions. Fueling of the rocket motor adds an additional complexity in that inspection of the interior becomes impossible while creating the possibility of disbonds between the case and fuel. These factors can have potentially catastrophic consequences for the missile performance. The primary focus of this project will be the application of Acellent's SMART Layer technology to rocket motor case structural health monitoring. Pratt & Whitney Space Propulsion, located in San Jose, CA has agreed to be the OEM application. The project will develop and test a structural health monitoring system for the Pratt & Whitney the Theater High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) or Ground Based, Mid-Course Defense (GMD) rocket motor cases. |
| COMPOSITE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT, I
2600 Campus Drive, Suite D Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 664-0394
Dr. Kaushik Mallick MDA 04-041 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Multi-Continuum Theory for Linerless Composite Tank Design |
| Abstract: | In Phase I, CTD will identify design and operational requirements for linerless composite tanks, and will define structural analysis approaches for these tanks incorporating Multi-Continuum Theory (MCT). CTD will use MCT in conjunction with conventional structural analysis to predict the damage states, permeability and leakage probability, failure and fatigue life characteristics of linerless composite tanks. |
| M CUBED TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
921 Main St Monroe, CT 06468 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(302) 454-8600
Dr. Prashant G. Karandikar MDA 04-041 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High toughness reaction bonded composites |
| Abstract: | M Cubed manufactures many commercial components out of reaction bonded SiC and B4C on a large scale. The key advantages of these materials are high specific stiffness (high modulus and low density) and high thermal stability (high thermal conductivity and low CTE). However, these materials have limited toughness precluding their use in many potential applications including some missile defense components which need Be replacement. M Cubed proposes an innovative modification of these materials to impart them high toughness. In the Phase I program, M Cubed has teamed up with a major MDA prime contractor and a leading University to prove the feasibility of the proposed toughening approach. In this program, the toughness enhancement will be demonstrated first. Next, a subscale demonstration component will be fabricated for characterization by the MDA prime contractor. |
| MATERIALS SCIENCES CORP.
500 Office Center Drive Fort Washington, PA 19034 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 542-8400
Dr. Sailendra N. Chatterjee MDA 04-041 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ballistic Missile System Composite Materials and Structures - NDE for Porosity (MSC P1F46-411) |
| Abstract: | Pulse echo ultrasonic waveform measurements will be used for NDE of composites for quantification of porosity. A software based on statistical and mathematical methods will be developed for identifying the time regions of interest (the echo region), denoising the signal and analyzing the processed signals at a cluster of stations (in frequency domain) using multivariate regression analysis. The objective is to reduce the scatter in measured attenuation. Data will be obtained from a selected number of samples from composites of interest (those processed using automated fabrication methods, such as resin transfer molding, are of greatest concern because of expected large porosity content) and the usefulness of the NDE method and data processing methodology will be demonstrated. Correlation with measured porosity with attenuation (or attenuation maps) will be performed based on the attenuation at a single frequency or the rate of change of attenuation with frequency in the range where the data analysis will indicate the region of highest feature relevance. Refinement of the technology is the goal of Phase II along with the detail of cost of implementation of the NDE method. |
| MENTIS SCIENCES, INC.
150 Dow Street, Tower Two Manchester, NH 03101 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 624-9197
Mr. John J. Dignam MDA 04-041 Awarded: 14MAY04 |
| Title: | Ballistic Missile System Composite Materials and Structures |
| Abstract: | igh performance interceptors have been pushing material designers to develop low cost radome solutions for the last several decades. Many solutions have been examined and engineered such as silica-silica, Pyroceram, IRBAS, GD-1, Rayceram, and SiN to name a few. Hit-to-kill mission designers have been increasingly pushing the envelope, much to material designers dismay. Despairingly, there has not been one material out of the entire family of ceramic radome solutions that has been a general solution for all mission criteria. Similarly, composite designers have not faired any better. Organic based composite laminates are suitable for low temperature (< 650øF) , low frequency (L,C, and S Band) applications but cannot survive the structural and electrical mission requirements at elevated temperatures. Inorganic laminates, similar to the MSI's quartz/polysiloxane solution can survive temperatures up through 1500øF for short durations (less than 180 seconds), however extending the footprint much beyond those parameters is suspect at this time. MSI's solution has not been subjected to parameters beyond these extremes. The intent of this proposal is to extend the footprint (illustrated in Figure 1.0) of MSI's composite radome solution using a reaction bonded silicon nitride as reinforcement in the laminate. |
| METAL MATRIX CAST COMPOSITES, LLC (
101 Clematis Avenue, Unit #1 Waltham, MA 02453 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 893-4449
Dr. James A. Cornie MDA 04-041 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Conductivity Hybridized Graphite Reinforced Al Heat Sinks for Advanced Interceptor Missile Systems |
| Abstract: | Hybrid metal matrix composites are offered to meet the needs of high thermal conductivity heat sinks for electronic processors in advanced interceptor systems. MMCC's graphite fiber reinforced composite MetGraf 4-230 will serve as a skin to highly conductive cores of advanced graphitic materials. In plane thermal conductivity will be from 560 to 1120 W/mK while high through thermal conductivity paths of ~500 W/mK are selectively located under devices generating waste heat. Special design of "Z" sinking inserts will lead to highly efficient heat transfer into graphitic materials that normally have very low transverse thermal conductivity. The use of MetGraf 4-230 as a skin will eliminate the tendency of delamination of the graphitic insert and resultant thermal decoupling and will result in a robust, damage tolerant part. Further, the CTE matching will permit hard bonding to electronic devices which in turn, will result in lower contact resistance and lower junction temperatures in the electronic devices. Three alternative hybridizing insert materials will be investigated and characterized. Prototypes of each candidate system will be manufactured by the near net shape Advanced Pressure Infiltration Casting Process (APICT) for evaluation by the prime contractor. |
| SAN DIEGO COMPOSITES, LLC
1940 Garnet Avenue, Suite 207 San Diego, CA 92109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 270-1280
Ms. Christine Benzie MDA 04-041 Awarded: 04MAY04 |
| Title: | Ballistic Missile System Composite Integrated Missile Harness Fairing Assembly |
| Abstract: | The proposed development effort will demonstrate a lower cost, more reliable manufacturing approach for providing electrical continuity between the missile electronics and the propulsion sections for the Kinetic Energy Interceptor (KEI) program. The Integrated Missile Harness Fairing Assembly (IMHFA) is a design and manufacturing concept where the electrical interconnect assembly and fairing are fabricated as an integrated unit. Flex cables in foam sandwich with integral connectors are co-cured in a composite laminate. The assembly is fabricated and quality tested off-line of the missile primary assembly line, affording a lower risk and more rapid modular assembly line approach. In addition to increased electrical reliability, the concept will reduce cost and on some missiles will improve aerodynamics due to the conforming shape of the IMHFA. This Phase I program will develop a design concept for the KEI using a design for manufacturing and assembly process, will select materials, will analytically verify the structural approach, and will fabricate a sub-scale demonstration article. |
| SMAHT CERAMICS, INC.
181 W. 1700 S. Salt Lake City, UT 84115 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 483-3100
Mr. Rama Nageswaran MDA 04-041 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced, Reinforced-NZP Composites for Ballistic Missile Components & Structures |
| Abstract: | The next generation of ballistic missiles will require materials which are light-weight and have high-temperature resistance to withstand heating caused by the extreme velocity and harsh environments. In general, ceramic materials satisfy the above requirements for missile applications. More specifically, ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) comprising matrices and fibers which have good thermo-mechanical and dielectric properties are extremely attractive for use as radomes, propulsion / control system components, and thermal protection structures. Candidate matrix materials for such CMCs can be derived from a new class of crystalline ceramics viz. NZPs (sodium zirconium phosphate ceramics) which have low thermal conductivity, excellent thermal shock resistance, strength retention to high temperatures (1400,aC), and melt temperatures > 1800,aC. They typically also exhibit low density and low thermal expansion, which enables .low thermal-stress" design of structural components. Unfortunately, the mechanical properties of such NZP materials are not adequate to meet the current designs of missiles, and advanced aerospace components. SMAHT Ceramics Inc., therefore, proposes to develop an innovative SiC fiber-reinforced NZP composite technology that combines highly desirable materials attributes such as low density, low thermal expansion, excellent thermal shock resistance, high toughness, high temperature creep resistance and high melt temperature with low cost composite processing. |
| SUMMA TECHNOLOGY, INC.
140 Sparkman Drive Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 830-7130
Mr. Jim Smith MDA 04-041 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ballistic Missile System Composite Materials and Structures |
| Abstract: | SUMMA Technology, Inc. (SUMMA), along with its subcontractor Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company (LMSSC), propose to reduce the weight and complexity of the next generation THAAD interceptor All Up Round (AUR), associated support equipment and structure design. The current Engineering Manufacturing Devlopment (EMD) THAAD AUR consists of a single missile in a single canister. Eight (8) AURs are mounted to a missile round pallet (MRP) which becomes the basic package of THAAD firepower. The MRP is the package, handling and storage platform that interfaces with the Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) based launcher. The next generation THAAD interceptor (Block 08/10 will be designed to engage longer-range threats, including ICBMs, and will be larger and heavier than the current EMD interceptor. In order to maintain the firepower of at least 6 interceptors on the HEMTT, the single missile/single canister AUR design approach must be abandoned in favor of a more integrated approach. The proposed effort will incorporate the canisters and MRP into an integrated "6-pack" configuration to interface with the existing or slightly modified HEMTT. The goal is to streamline the system, satisfy transportation and safety requirements and to lower the cost of system ownership. |
| TREX ENTERPRISES CORP.
10455 Pacific Center Court San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(808) 245-6465
Dr. Colby A. Foss, Jr. MDA 04-041 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Chemical Vapor Composite (CVC) Materials for Divert and Attitude Control Systems (DACS) |
| Abstract: | A study of the application of the CVC process to DACS thruster nozzle fabrication is proposed. CVC offers the benefits of conventional chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in terms of high material purity and related high temperature performance, but does so without the high residual stress associated with CVD. The CVC process also allows net shape deposition of items of complex geometry, thus reducing the costs of machining hard ceramics. Trex CVC SiC has exhibited superior high temperature properties relative to SiC components manufactured via other methods. The proposed Phase I study therefore focuses on: 1) the development of reactor fixtures for net shape deposition of SM3 DACS nozzles composed of CVC SiC; 2) the fabrication of prototype CVC SiC nozzle structures, and 3) the analysis of the material quality of the deposited component. A fourth task will be a design study on the modification of our reactors to produce CVC TaC and W components. The potential benefits of this study include: 1) DACS components with greatly reduced material erosion, and therefore improved operational projectile range and accuracy, and 2) a knowledge base for the extension of net shape CVC deposition to ultra high temperature ceramics for aluminized propellant applications. |
| VANGUARD COMPOSITES GROUP/DR TECHNO
5550 Oberlin Drive, Suite B San Diego, CA 92121 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(858) 587-4210
Mr. Matt Thompson MDA 04-041 Awarded: 27APR04 |
| Title: | Low Cost, High Performance Integral Composite Shroud for the Kinetic Energy Interceptor Kill Vehicle |
| Abstract: | The missile defense ground-based Kinetic Energy Interceptor (KEI) system will intercept and destroy threat vehicles in their boost phase of flight. The KEI mission results in system requirements for forward basing, transportability and mobility, higher accelerations and closing velocities, greater cross-range, and lightweight systems, as well as the need for lower cost and producible systems. The KEI Kill Vehicle (KV) must be protected by a shroud during its flight through the atmosphere. The shroud must be lightweight, exhibit high thermal/ablation performance to protect the KV from aerodynamic heating, and high strength to survive launch loads and ensure separation from the KV without causing damage. Conventional shroud structural approaches use either heavy metallic or tape-wound composite substructures with a secondarily-bonded heatshield. An alternative integrated composite heatshield and substructure shroud approach is proposed that eliminates the secondary heatshield-substructure secondary bonding operation, reduces manufacturing costs, increases the temperature capability, reduces shroud weight, and still provides high performance thermal/ablation and strength properties for the KEI KV. A program is proposed to develop and demonstrate a low cost high performance integrated composite substructure and heatshield design using a High Performance Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer molding composites manufacturing process (HyPerVARTM) for the high performance KEI KV shroud application. The Phase I program will demonstrate feasibility of the HyPerVARTM integrated composite shroud approach by developing the conceptual design and manufacturing process and conducting subscale fabrication demonstrations and material properties testing for the KEI KV shroud application. A Phase II program will develop and demonstrate the HyPerVARTM integrated composite shroud manufacturing process through design, fabrication, and structural test of full-scale test articles representative of the KEI KV shroud. |
| EUTECUS, INC.
5802 Cannonade Court, Austin, Texas 76746 Austin, TX 76746 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 327-0421
Dr. Csaba Rekeczky MDA 04-042 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Adaptive Computing for Surveillance and Seeker Applications |
| Abstract: | The Missile Defence Agency (MDA) calls for novel adaptive computing solutions on either analog and/or digital architectures designed for ballistic missile defence (BMD) surveillance and missile seeker applications. It seeks for approaches and methods that may be attractive not only to satellites and interceptors, but also to UAV/UCAV platforms. We are proposing novel algorithmic frameworks for moving platforms (UAV types) relying on a standalone compact vision system built from state of the art commercial-off-the shelf (COTS) and military-off-the shelf (MOTS) components. We are proposing an efficient adaptive algorithmic framework for process real-time applications making an optimal use of the available computing power reaching some specific task related goals. Relying on appropriate strategies spatial resolution/temporal rate can be traded against computational complexity; sensitivity against robustness in an adaptive process. In our algorithmic framework a spatial multi-grid computing is placed within a temporal multi-rate structure and at each spatial grid point the computation is based on an adaptive multi-scale approach. The algorithms assume a reconfigurable analogic hardware architecture consisting of a high resolution optical sensor, a low resolution cellular sensor-processor and a digital signal processor. The proposed framework makes the acquisition of a spatio-temporally consistent image flow possible even in case of extreme variations and ideally supports the handling of various difficult problems on a moving platform including terrain/target identification, navigation parameter estimation and multi-target tracking. |
| TESSERA, INC.
3099 Orchard Drive San Jose, CA 95134 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 952-4357
Mr. Steve Huang MDA 04-042 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Development of a Versatile Reconfigurable Computing Platform for Surveillance and Seeker Applications |
| Abstract: | Typical surveillance and seeker information processing platforms today use general-purpose computer architectures or custom, application specific architectures to execute signal-processing algorithms specific to a particular application (image/signal processing, data compression, encryption/decryption). The commodity architecture severely limits performance of computationally intensive applications by forcing the software programs to use a rigid architecture not optimized for any specific application. The custom architectures are inflexible with long and costly development cycles. SRC Computers Inc. has successfully fielded a new computer architecture that combines reconfigurable hardware with standard microprocessors to provide reconfigurability while maintaining standard programming models and languages. The system is programmed through the use of standard C or FORTRAN programming languages, making the architecture transparent to the programmer. SRC's reconfigurable computing system can support a broad range of high-performance applications, including demanding data processing applications such as those needed surveillance and seeker platforms. For this Phase I effort, Tessera, Inc. along with SRC Computers Inc. propose to survey MDA surveillance and seeker platforms and with the cooperation of a surveillance or seeker system supplier develop a design for a compact reconfigurable computer, based on SRC architecture, compatible with SRC compiler and software tools to be integrated into a selected platform. To meet the form-factor and environmental requirements, Tessera will apply its proven advanced system packaging and chip interconnect technologies to allow a miniaturized modular reconfigurable computing platform suitable for the application. |
| COMPUTER SCIENCE INNOVATIONS, INC.
1235 Evans Road Melbourne, FL 32904 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(321) 676-2923
Mr. John C. Day MDA 04-043 Awarded: 07MAY04 |
| Title: | Range Operations Data Extraction and Ontology (RODEO) System |
| Abstract: | Computer Science Innovations, Inc. (CSI) proposes to research and develop the Range Operations Data Extraction and Ontology (RODEO) System. RODEO encompasses an ontology for the space launch and range operations domain, an information extraction subsystem (IES) to identify relevant concepts in structured and unstructured data, and an information management subsystem (IMS) to facilitate user access and capability to use relevant information sources. CSI proposes an ontology-based approach to provide a practical and scaleable solution to integrating unstructured data with structured data from multiple data sources situated in diverse organizations that support the 45th Space Wing (45 SW). Currently, integration of information from the numerous diverse sources is predominantly a manual, paper-based process. RODEO research will extend CSI's leading edge graph theoretic knowledge representation and processing and information extraction (IE) technologies which are based on a hybridized symbolic/statistical approach to NLP, thereby improving overall accuracy and flexibility. Successful research will facilitate future applications that require enhanced precision and recall beyond today's "state of the art". A preliminary ontology and feasibility prototype will be developed under the Phase I program, along with an architectural blueprint for the system to be developed under a subsequent Phase II program. |
| KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS, INC.
1408 University Drive East College Station, TX 77840 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(979) 260-5274
Dr. Perakath Benjamin MDA 04-043 Awarded: 06MAY04 |
| Title: | Ontology Driven Integration Framework (ODIF) |
| Abstract: | This project will research, design, and demonstrate an innovative Ontology Driven Integration Framework (ODIF). We propose a hybrid approach that combines knowledge extraction techniques with ontology analysis methods to extract semantic information from distributed, unstructured text sources and that rapidly deploys this knowledge for knowledge sharing and integration for space launch and range operations applications. The Phase I effort will (i) establish ODIF requirements, (ii) formulate knowledge extraction and integration methods, (iii) design the ODIF architecture, and (iii) build and demonstrate prototype ODIF. The Phase II project will harden the software and demonstrate its benefits on a focused space launch and range operations military application leading to rapid technology transition and commercialization. Key innovations include (i) novel application of ontology-assisted text mining methods for knowledge extraction from unstructured text sources; (ii) advanced ontology conflict analysis and mapping methods to facilitate semantic information integration and information sharing; (iii) novel, scalable agent-based software design strategy that will facilitate rapid and cost effective integration and deployment of the solution into military space transportation applications; (iv) novel machine learning and self adaptation mechanisms that will enable the automatic revisions to the extracted knowledge in uncertain and dynamic environments. |
| MODUS OPERANDI, INC.
122 Fourth Avenue Indialantic, FL 32903 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(321) 984-3370
Mr. Mark Wallace MDA 04-043 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Ranger: Spaceport Knowledge Discovery Tools |
| Abstract: | This Ranger Phase I SBIR proposes an innovative approach to extracting knowledge from unstructured and semi-structured documents in order to meet critical needs of both government and commercial organizations. This SBIR will specifically address the needs of the 45th Space Wing (45 SW) of the Air Force Space Command. 45 SW provides space launch and range support for the Air Force, DoD, civil, and commercial customers. A key goal of this SBIR is to provide a solution that fits into the 45 SW's Knowledge Management Framework. The 45 SW envisions a single integrated range picture serving critical information needs for the entire spaceport community. This effort will tackle a key challenge in making the vision a reality, which is to extract knowledge from the wealth of unstructured and semi-structured information sources. Ranger will link these sources with structured sources via a unifying enterprise model. Ranger's API make this unified view available to both application developers and to users who want to search for information. |
| STREAMSAGE
1016 16th St., NW, 2nd Floor Washington, DC 20036 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(202) 722-2440
Dr. Tony Davis MDA 04-043 Awarded: 07MAY04 |
| Title: | Property-Based Hierarchy Construction and Unified Missile Defense Ontology |
| Abstract: | Technologies in the field of information retrieval, knowledge management, and communication technology currently face fundamental barriers, particularly in knowledge resource generation and machine language understanding, denying government and industry access to critical information resources. StreamSage proposes to solve these problems with its Property-Based Hierarchy Construction system, the first automatic ontology generator to successfully accomplish the following: extract, align, and organize all relevant space launch and range concepts into a Unified Missile Defense Ontology; associate relevant documents as well as contextually relevant sections of those documents with each concept in the ontology; and provide a bridge between structured and unstructured data by relating both to the searchable and browsable UMDO. StreamSage currently possesses state-of-the-art tools for several key component problems, which it will employ to overcome the three fundamental barriers to ontology generation: word sense ambiguity, term redundancy, and automatic learning of ontological relations, through a path-breaking combination of mutual-information, term-clustering, word sense disambiguation, and text-mining techniques. This project will not only overcome existing knowledge management barriers, but will enable future capabilities such as automatic domain updates, personalized information delivery, and automatic mission-crucial information discovery and extraction. |
| ISX CORP.
760 Paseo Camarillo, Ste. 401 Camarillo, CA 93010 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 484-6100
Mr. Justin Donnelly MDA 04-044 Awarded: 07MAY04 |
| Title: | Fuselet Runtime Execution and Management Environment (FREeME) |
| Abstract: | FREeME will provide a Fuselet runtime environment for JBI systems. This environment will incorporate end-to-end security, logging, and fuselet management and administration capabilities. FREeME will build upon previous ISX work on the GE/ISX Fuselet Development Environment, and make use of industry standard tools such as Jython, the Java Cryptography Architecture and the Java Logging API. ISX will build prototype modules to test ways of integrating these capabilities together into a fuselet runtime engine. These prototypes will be built so they can be reused as the foundation of any Phase II effort. ISX will also work closely with the JBI development team and IMS Administrators to facilitate their needs in all aspects of the fuselet runtime system and administration and logging tools. With the addition of FREeME, the JBI will become an even more effective system integration tool, capable of providing flexible, high speed horizontal integration capabilities to a wide range of platforms. This melding of systems will be very important in modern Ballistic Missile Defense where many disjoint systems need to be brought together to provide the robust information infrastructure required to effectively combat both potential and realized threats. |
| ORIELLE, LLC
PO Box 8922 Moscow, ID 83843 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(208) 892-0667
Mr. Peter Mills MDA 04-044 Awarded: 06MAY04 |
| Title: | Aspect-Oriented Secure Fuselet Runtime Environment |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a secure runtime environment for fuselet-based missile targeting and threat analysis built on a foundation of aspect-oriented secure web services. Aspect-oriented techniques enable the modularization of crosscutting concerns such as remote access, security, transactions, and monitoring. We will compose aspect-oriented instrumentation with distributed object technologies in a noninvasive and orthogonal manner, and leverage this infrastructure to build the server and remote administration tools required for the secure registration, execution, control, and monitoring of fuselets that subscribe to multiple sensor sources and publish decision-quality missile threat and targeting information. In particular we will address the needs for cross-platform interoperability as well as the fine-grained demands of tracking and data fusion in the MDA application domain. Our efforts will have significant impact in realizing a compact and high-performance architecture for fuselet execution that can adapt to a wide range of security mechanisms and service substrates, and will enable the viable application of JBI fuselet technologies to the domain of missile defense. |
| ISAC, INC.
6275 University Drive, Suite 37, #305 Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 457-6537
Ms. Marilyn McAllister MDA 04-045 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Missile-in Flight Communication Alternatives |
| Abstract: | In the Missile In Flight Communications Alternatives (MCA) Phase I SBIR, ISAC proposes to |