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DoD SBIR FY05.1 - SOLICITATION SELECTIONS w/ ABSTRACTS Air Force - Navy - DTRA - CBD - SOCOM - NGA |
| APPLIED NANOTECH, INC.
3006 Longhorn Blvd., Suite 107 Austin, TX 78758 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 339-5020
Dr. Richard Fink AF 05-001 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | High Current Density Carbon Nanotube Cold Cathode for TWT Applications |
| Abstract: | We propose a carbon nanotube based cold cathode designed for high current density, continuous beam operation for Traveling Wave Tubes and other microwave device applications. Our approach in this proposal will be to design the CNT emitters to spread the emission current load and to heat sink the emitters firmly to high thermal conducting carbon fibers. The carbon fiber substrate will also be used to align the carbon nanotube emitters and space them apart such that they will not electrically shield each other. Feasibility of this approach will be demonstrated by achieving 1-10 Amps/cm2 current density in continuous beam operation with a uniformity of 20% across the cathode face. |
| POWER TECHNOLOGY SERVICES (PTS), INC.
6304D, Westgate Rd Raleigh, NC 27617 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 362-1501
Mr. John Driscoll AF 05-001 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Cold Cathode for Traveling Wave Tubes |
| Abstract: | A novel method of creating hot electrons via a pn junction will be used to eject electrons from a cold cathode. The accelerated electrons will have suficient energy to surmont the work function and surface dipole. The cold cathode will be used in a new type of minature Traveling Wave Tube or "Twystrode". Advanced semiconductor materials with low work functions will be produced and evaluated as planar field emitters both with and without pn junctions. |
| XINTEK, INC.
P.O. Box 13788, 7020 Kit Creek Road, Suite 280 RTP, NC 27709 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(919) 423-1832
Dr. Bo Gao AF 05-001 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Carbon Nanotube Based Electron Field Emission Cathodes for Traveling Wave Tubes |
| Abstract: | The conventional thermionic cathodes used in traveling wave tubes (TWTs) suffer from many technical limitations including limited current density, poor energy efficiency, difficulty of control, and lack of miniaturization. Xintek, Inc. has developed proprietary technologies for fabrication of high performance field emission cold cathodes based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Our CNT cathodes tested at Air Force have shown high emission current density (up to 75 A/cm2), excellent emission stability, and high pulsation rate (>100 KHz). They have great potential to replace the thermionic cathodes and provide enhanced TWT performances. In this Phase I project we will: a) study and refine the performance of our CNT cathodes to generate current densities of 1-10 A/cm2, the typical performance of thermionic cathodes used in TWTs; b) collaborate with the Beverly Microwave Division (BMD) of Communications & Power Industries (CPI) to investigate the performances of our CNT cathodes in practical TWT environments and predict current density of our cathodes in real TWT devices. In phase II we will: a) integrate our CNT cathodes into actual TWTs and optimize the cathode design to enhance their efficiency, reliability and current density; b) prepare a commercialization roadmap to market the technologies. |
| ADVANCED OPTICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
P.O Box 8383 Albuquerque, NM 87198 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 250-9586
Dr. Brian G. Hoover AF 05-002 Awarded: 14APR05 |
| Title: | Laser discrimination of unresolved space and airborne targets based on the effects of surface correlations on the backscattered state of polarization |
| Abstract: | Changes in the state of polarization of scattered laser radiation can be utilized to discriminate among targets according to surface microstructures on the wavelength scale. Newly-developed rigorous electromagnetic coherence theory is applied to the inverse problem of laser discrimination of unresolved space and airborne targets based on the effects of surface correlations on the backscattered state of polarization. Algorithms are developed to deal with speckle noise and the narrow spatial bandwidth characteristic of active ground-to-space and ground-to-air scenarios. Laboratory measurements are utilized to verify the theory and test the algorithms. |
| NANOHMICS, INC.
6201 East Oltorf St., Suite 400 Austin, TX 78741 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 389-9990
Dr. Byron Zollars AF 05-002 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Target Identification via Laser-Material Interaction |
| Abstract: | The Advanced Tactical Laser (ATL) is being developed for precision strike missions utilizing a directed-energy laser weapon mounted to or in an aircraft to engage ground or airborne targets. When there is some uncertainty about the visual identification of targets, the coherent radiation from the ATL assists determination of targeting by probing the material and surface characteristics of the irradiated object. Backscattered radiation from potential targets can be analyzed for changes in polarization, speckle size and modulation depth, and dependence of backscattered intensity with angle. These quantities all depend upon the composition and surface topology of the object being irradiated. Coupled with a traditional passive sensor system, the laser-material interaction can provide additional discrimination information to the aircrew when attempting to positively identify a target, or actively avoiding a particular type of target in a cluttered or obscured area. Nanohmics Inc. will use the fundamental physics of scattering to develop insight and expectations regarding the scatter characteristics of a variety of potential target materials. We will use our existing scatterometer instrument to verify the predictions of the analytical model and to demonstrate the performance of candidate target discrimination algorithms. |
| G A TYLER ASSOC., INC.
1341 South Sunkist Street Anaheim, CA 92806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 772-7668
Dr. Glenn A. Tyler AF 05-003 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | High-Resolution Wide-Dynamic-Range MEMS-Based Closed-Loop Adaptive Optics System |
| Abstract: | This proposed effort bridges the gap between the present state of development of MEMS deformable mirror technology and the practical implementation of this technology in high resolution, wide dynamic range applications. The work begins with a detailed assessment of the requirements associated with a wide variety of applications and ends with the conceptual design of a test bed that can experimentally evaluate and demonstrate the performance of MEMS deformable mirror technology in a variety of important applications. A key feature of the proposed effort is its synergy with other ongoing efforts such as the DARPA CCIT program. |
| INTELLITE
1717 Louisiana, NE Suite 202 Albuquerque, NM 87110 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 268-4742
Mr. Keith Bush AF 05-003 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | High-Resolution Wide-Dynamic-Range MEMS-Based Closed-Loop Adaptive Optics System |
| Abstract: | This work researchs the use of a novel, patented Moire fringe wavefront sensor for fast, high density wavefront correction in an adaptive optics system. Based around existing technology for lightweight, durable and inexpensive membrane deformable mirrors already under development at Intellite (in transition to AgilOptics in 2005), this innovative adaptive optical system with a fast optical computer Moire wavefront sensor, will operate at speeds up to 500Hz and have the ability to remove most of the atmospheric distortions in military optical systems. The system should be very lightweight, rugged, require minimal computer processing and very conservative operating power. |
| OPTRON SYSTEMS, INC.
3 Preston Court Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-3100
Mr. Jeremy Hui AF 05-003 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Dual Wavefront Sensor Adaptive Optics System |
| Abstract: | Recent developments in MEMS-based deformable mirrors offer improved performance for adaptive optics (AO) systems. However, because of current limitations in wavefront sensing and processing, these performance gains have been largely unexploited. To address this need, we propose building an AO system with dual wavefront sensing techniques. The heart of the system is a novel optically addressed MEMS-on-VLSI spatial phase light modulator that also performs a key part of the wavefront phase computation. The two wavefront sensors serve as complementary backups and provide accurate wavefront correction data over a variety of conditions. One of the wavefront sensors uses a Hartmann-Shack sensor, directly integrated with an on-chip analog wavefront processor and deformable mirror. The analog wavefront processor uses massively parallel on-chip computation and is expected to solve the wavefront difference equations in hundreds of nanoseconds. The second wavefront system is based on dithered optimization of the image sharpness function. This approach leverages the high pixel refresh rates (>160 kHz) of the DM, and systematically arrives at an optimal solution. Combined with Optron's large-stroke MEMS deformable mirror technology, this AO system will be capable of 8æm of phase modulation (16æm in reflection), have greater than 8-bits of phase resolution, and potentially tens of thousands of pixels. |
| COHERENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
135 S. Taylor Avenue Louisville, CO 80027 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 604-2000
Steve Johnson AF 05-004 Awarded: 12APR05 |
| Title: | Laser Vibrometry System for Space Situational Awareness |
| Abstract: | CTI proposes to develop a ground-based coherent laser radar for satellite vibration measurements. This system will be designed to make measurements of surface vibrations of satellites in orbits of up to 1000 km altitude. The vibration measurements will yield velocity power spectral densities up to 1 kHz. The proposed system will also be designed to work with existing telescope and satellite tracking facilities. The proposed Phase I research will include accurate modeling of the velocity estimate noise sources in the vibrometer. Key noise sources include local oscillator laser shot noise, local oscillator frequency instability, atmospheric refractive turbulence, and speckle noise due to relative motion between the sensor and the target. In the analysis, dominant noise sources will be identified and techniques for mitigation of these noise sources will be studied. Possible methods of noise mitigation include improved laser frequency stability and a variety of diversity techniques for mitigating speckle noise. The proposed Phase I research will conclude with a preliminary design of a Phase II sensor meeting the requirements established in Phase I. |
| HAYES INDUSTRIES, INC.
551 Morse Ave Placentia, CA 92870 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 528-5275
Dr. C. L. Hayes AF 05-004 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Laser Vibrometry System for Space Situational Awareness |
| Abstract: | Laser vibrometry systems have been fabricated, tested and used to collect data in tactical scenarios to interrogate, classify and identify targets of interest. Airborne, ground and ship-based platforms have been evaluated in field tests over relatively short ranges(< 20 Km) to verify operability of the systems. The extension of this technology to long-range scenarios (satellite observation) requires a re-evaluation of the influence of those factors unique to long-range operation (atmospheric effects, site location, source coherency, transmitter power, macroDoppler frequency ranges, large scale optics,---). The Phase 1 program addresses the relevant factors applicable to long range operation and defines those modifications of existing hardware (software) needed to mechanize the system. Laboratory tests will be conducted using legacy hardware to confirm operability using realistic ground-based (stationary) targets. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Russell Kurtz AF 05-004 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Phase Conjugate Micromotion Detection-Based Interferometric Vibrometer |
| Abstract: | The U.S. Air Force is seeking a laser vibrometry system for monitoring the health of our satellites, and monitoring and recognizing foreign satellites. To address the Air Force need for a high-resolution, long-distance vibrometer, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Phase Conjugate Micromotion Detection (PCMD)-based Interferometric Vibrometer (PIV). The PIV consists of a laser to illuminate the target, a telescope to receive reflected light from the target, and a PCMD interferometer to measure vibrations. The return signal is Doppler-shifted due to satellite motion. This shift is amplified using PCMD technology, which reduces the required reflected signal by a factor of >1000. The PIV will measure vibrations with amplitudes as small as 5 nm and vibration velocities as low as 20 nm/s, exhibiting a sensitivity of a factor of 500 more than current systems, at a distance of >2000 km, which is an improvement of a factor of 8 over the state of the art. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of PIV through computer modeling and testing of a proof-of-principle prototype. In Phase II POC will develop an engineering prototype to measure vibration through testing at Air Force test sites. |
| ACREE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
308 Jackson St., Suite 2 Oakland, CA 94607 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 923-0291
Dr. Mike McFarland AF 05-005 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Refractory Coatings on Mechanically Resilient Insulators |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this proposal is to demonstrate the effectiveness of using ceramic coatings on plastic high-voltage insulators to increase their surface breakdown voltage and improve their recovery after a breakdown event. The goal is to produce a coating that can be applied to high-power microwave tube, coaxial plasma gun and z-pinch insulators that will allow higher voltage operation, reduce flashover events, and minimize the effects due to flashover, thereby reducing operating costs and increasing uptime. |
| ELTRON RESEARCH, INC.
4600 Nautilus Court South Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 530-0263
Ms. Sara L. Rolfe AF 05-005 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Refractory Paint for High Voltage Insulators |
| Abstract: | This Phase I program will result in a tough refractory paint that adheres to a variety of plastic insulators with complex shapes creating a strong, adherent, refractory coating with optimal surface roughness. The proposed program targets the properties of the vacuum-insulator interface for high voltage applications and has commercial applications in a wide range of electronic and electrical devices and systems including High Power Microwave tubes and high-energy particle accelerators. Plastic insulators with a thin layer of refractory paint will have increased surface flashover voltage and improved strength in high voltage applications. The refractory paint developed within this Phase I opportunity will be easily sprayed onto the surface, cured at a low temperature, and adherent to a wide variety of insulating plastics. The surface roughness of the insulator will be optimized by the inherent roughness of the paint. The vacuum outgassing characteristics and durability of the paint during plasma gun discharges will be identified. Since the refractory paint developed in this Phase I program will be sprayed using commercially available paint sprayers to form uniform films, complex shapes will easily be coated. |
| NEI CORP.
Suite 102/103, 201 Circle Drive Piscataway, NJ 08854 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 868-1906
Dr. Mohit Jain AF 05-005 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | A new class of ceramic coatings on plastic insulators |
| Abstract: | Refractory coated polymers are a superior alternative to uncoated polymers or pure ceramic insulators, as they provide the flexibility of polymers and the superior properties of ceramic as insulators. The proposed program aims to develop a technology which will address the problems associated with currently available refractory coated ceramics. Building upon our expertise with nanoparticle synthesis and processing, we propose to develop fully dense ceramic coatings with significantly high adherence to polymers compared to conventional coatings, which will make them suitable for use in high microwave tubes, particle beam accelerators, and other pulsed power applications. In Phase I, we will develop coating formulations, deposit coatings on polymer substrates, characterize the structure, and determine the peel strength and vacuum surface flashover. The properties will be benchmarked against currently available coatings. Additionally, commercialization and scale up plans will be developed during Phase I to be implemented in Phase II, so that the product can be manufactured and marketed in Phase III. |
| APPLIED PHYSICAL ELECTRONICS, L.C.
PO Box 341149 Austin, TX 78734 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 264-1804
Dr. Jon R Mayes AF 05-006 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Tuneable Low Frequency Microwave Source |
| Abstract: | High voltage RF sources designed to deliver frequencies from 10's of MHz to 1 GHz can be excessively large systems due to the geometric dependence on the radiating wavelength and the high voltage insulation requirements. Past efforts have targeted specific frequencies with specific temporal signatures and typically require large overhead in ancillary devices. Applied Physical Electronics, L.C. offers a method for delivering frequency agile, high voltage RF with variability in the temporal signature. With a frequency range from less than 100 MHz to more than 500 MHz, and with antenna voltages in excess 600 kV, the proposed design offers frequency agility and variable signal damping in a very compact package and with minimal ancillary device requirements. |
| ASR CORP.
7817 Bursera, NW Albuquerque, NM 87120 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 830-3000
Mr. Michael D. Abdalla AF 05-006 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Tuneable Low Frequency Microwave Source |
| Abstract: | The ASR Corporation has developed a novel pulse forming system based on a variable geometry Blumlein source. ASR Corporation proposes to design and fabricate a variant of this new pulse forming network to explore it's usefulness in fulfilling the requirements in SBIR topic number AF05-006. The novel Blumlein pulse forming system utilizes a demonstrated approach to obtaining tunability in a pulsed power system. |
| SPARKTRONICS, INC.
2300 Chelsea Road , PO Box 1151 Palos Verdes Estates, CA 90274 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 529-8649
Dr. Joseph Yampolsky AF 05-006 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Tuneable Low Frequency Microwave Source |
| Abstract: | Air Force systems such as Ultra Wide Band impulse radiators require advancement past the current state of the art in pulse power technology. Systems operating at several 100kV to MV at repetition rates of 500Hz to 2kHz have been large, complex, expensive and difficult to deploy as airborne systems. Present components are being pushed to their limits which results in issues of reliability and repeatability. We propose a different approach. We have developed a repetitive modular pulse power generator using innovative circuit topologies that allow present components to operate at higher performance levels. The system consists of a solid state pulsed charged multiple Blumlein generator using sparkgap switches combined with a variable pulse forming line and fast output switch. The system is designed to produce a damped sine waveform output that can be varied over the frequency range of 100MHz to 700MHz. The phase I proposal will demonstrate this device at >100kV and >1kHz repetition rate. |
| RF ENGINEERING
157 North Reamstown Road Stevens, PA 17578 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(717) 336-6721
Dr. Ronald J. Focia AF 05-007 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Solid State Ultra-Wideband Microwave Source |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR proposal outlines an effort that will advance the state of the art in high repetition rate solid state pulse generators. For this effort, we have assembled a team of key people with direct experience in high peak power solid state pulse generator design, measurement and characterization of fast transient waveforms, and semiconductor interconnection and packaging techniques. The main thrust of the effort involves assembling a very low inductance, high voltage and high peak power solid-state silicon diode stack from the chip level rather than modifying pre-packaged devices. The diode chips used to assemble the high voltage stacks will not be fabricated in this effort, but rather, will be purchased from a well known semiconductor supplier. The new diode switches developed in this effort will be combined with high repetition rate capacitor charging techniques and be used as closing switches in a novel solid-state Marx-like design to form an all solid state, high peak power, high repetition rate pulse generator. The resultant pulse generator will be an ideal candidate for use as an ultra-wideband radar source. A prototype pulse generator that will provide a peak voltage of >30 kV, a rise time of <1 ns, a pulse width of ~20 ns, and a pulse repetition rate of >1 kHz will be demonstrated in the Phase I effort. |
| TIME DOMAIN CORP.
7057 Old Madison Pike, Suite 250 Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 428-6326
Mr. Alan Petroff AF 05-007 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Solid State Ultra-Wideband Microwave Source |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this project is to design a low cost pulser that can produce a 100kV pulse with a continuous repetition rate of 2kHz. The objective device will have the size, mass and reliability to be compatible with use in aircraft. In contrast, current pulsers tend to be bulky, expensive, have limited lifetimes, and require substantial cooling systems. Time Domain Corporation (TDC) intends to use Drift Step Recovery Diodes and Transistors, a novel semiconductor technology, to produce the required pulses. TDC will also investigate coherent addition of pulses and the use of Silicon Carbide for key components. Experience to date indicates the objective is feasible and can be accomplished by making a single large device or by coherently summing the outputs of smaller devices. |
| ACULIGHT CORP.
11805 North Creek Parkway S., Suite 113 Bothell, WA 98011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 482-1100
Dr. Dawn Meekhof AF 05-008 Awarded: 11MAY05 |
| Title: | Optical fiber coupled infrared laser |
| Abstract: | Fiber coupled mid-infrared and infrared semiconductor lasers provide potential technology for proactive infrared countermeasures systems, potentially reducing life cycle costs for these tactical military systems compared to current lasers. Research will be conducted to explore the feasibility of developing low loss infrared transmitting chalcogenide glass fiber optics. The proposed work will also investigate the feasibility of fiber coupling moderate power infrared semiconductor lasers in military environments. The overall project will assess the practicality of developing a moderate power, fiber coupled, multiband infrared laser for use in military aircraft environments. |
| G A TYLER ASSOC., INC.
1341 South Sunkist Street Anaheim, CA 92806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 772-7668
Dr. Terry J. Brennan AF 05-009 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Simulation of Extended Scene Imaging through Turbulence |
| Abstract: | The computational burden of simulating the process of imaging incoherently illuminated extended objects, through high turbulence, using conventional wave optics simulation techniques is very significant. This simulation capability is crucial for evaluating performance of such systems as the Advanced Tactical Laser (ATL). An innovative approach to this problem, that will significantly reduce the computational requirements, is proposed. The approach is based on a very fast technique for propagating point spread functions. A key feature of the approach is the capability of propagating in both directions, that is, imaging a target through turbulence and propagating a source back to the target which experiences the same turbulence as the imaging direction. This allows the simulation of closed loop laser projection systems. In spite of simplifications introduced to reduce computational requirements, the approach has the potential of a high level of imaging fidelity, even in severe turbulence. |
| LRK ASSOC.
18223 Indian Creek Drive Lake Oswego, OR 97035 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(503) 620-9977
Dr. Laurence Keefe AF 05-009 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Fast Algorithms for Imaging Simulation through Turbulence |
| Abstract: | Current techniques for simulating light propagation through atmospheric turbulence employ Fourier transform methods for calculation of diffraction effects. Although highly accurate, these methods are computationally burdensome, and substantially slow the task of computing extended scenes on a time-varying basis, as is required for closed-loop analysis of laser weapons systems' performance. In other areas of computational wave simulation (fluids and electromagnetics) Fourier techniques have been replaced by specialized finite-difference techniques which offer comparable accuracy for substantially reduced computational cost. Alternatively, these same diffraction effects seem amenable to local solution by integral techniques which would also provide a speed-up over use of Fourier methods. Potential speed-ups for the diffraction portion of the simulations range from 6 to over 150. Both alternative methods handle general boundary conditions much more gracefully than Fourier techniques. LRK Associates proposes to adapt both the finite-difference and integral techniques to the scene propagation problem, testing their accuracy and measuring their computational advantages on some simple test problems. This will lead to recommendations on which techniques are the best candidates for implementation in the Phase II to replace Fourier transform techniques for this optical simulation application. |
| CRYSTAL RESEARCH, INC.
48501 Warm Springs Blvd., Suite 103 Fremont, CA 94539 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(510) 445-0833
Dr. Suning Tang AF 05-010 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | A High-Speed Electro-Optic Phase Compensator for Aero-Optic Applications |
| Abstract: | Airborne lasers undergo extreme disturbances due to shock waves, turbulent shear layers, and regions of separated flow, caused by the aircraft motion. The net effect of rapidly-varying wavefront turbulence produces degraded beam quality and decreased laser energy-on-target. Unfortunately, progress in adaptive-optic correction has been essentially non-existent because that the required spatial and temporal frequencies are at least an order of magnitude greater than those presently correctable by adaptive-optic systems for the atmospheric-propagation case. In this SBIR program, Crystal Research, Inc. (CRI) proposes to develop a high-speed electro-optic phase compensator for aero-optic aberration corrections. The proposed device is based on high-speed two-dimensional electro-optic phase modulation in a novel crystal that has an electro-optic coefficient 20 times larger than that of conventional electro-optic crystals such as LiNbO3. The proposed electro-optic adaptive system is capable of performing high bandwidth (>100 kHz) wavefront sensing and distortion correction without using any mechanical moving part. In Phase I, we will fully exploit the advantages and feasibility of the proposed concept by designing and fabricating a 2-D EO phase compensator in lieu of a completed adaptive optical system. In Phase II, we will develop and demonstrate a high-speed electro-optic phase compensator for high bandwidth aero-optic applications. |
| KESTREL CORP.
3815 Osuna Road NE Albuquerque, NM 87109 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 345-2327
Dr. Leonard J. Otten AF 05-010 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Ultra High Speed Aero Optics Compensation |
| Abstract: | Over the last several years the Kestrel Corporation has been investigating the use of a phase diversity distorted grating wavefront sensor (DGWFS). This earlier research revealed several unexpected aspects of the technology as a technique that has the potential of generating extremely wide bandwidth error signals to control an adaptive optics compensation system while maintaining wide dynamic range, high sensitivity, and very high spatial sampling of the wavefront. These attributes make possible the introduction of adaptive optics compensation of aero optics aberrations. The new technology is based on the direct coupling of a DGWFS to control a deformable optical element. Using this approach avoids the requirement to reconstruct a wavefront to generate an error signal and makes possible extremely efficient non-iterative signal processing. The proposed Phase I SBIR will analytically determine the expected performance envelope for a direct control DGWFS system used to reduce aero optics aberrations. While the technology has direct application to airborne uses of directed energy weapons, there are also uses in improving airborne optical communications and adaptive optics compensation under battle field conditions. Uses in medical imaging have secured strong commercial interests. |
| STRATONICS, INC.
23151 Verdugo Drive, Suite 114 Laguna Hills, CA 92653 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 461-7060
Dr. James E. Craig AF 05-010 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Aero-Optics Research & Development |
| Abstract: | Stratonics proposes to develop an aero-optics (AO) wind tunnel facility and the methods for evaluation of a range of advanced, high energy laser, compensation technology, required to improve mission effectiveness and greater missile self-defense coverage. The AO facility would provide for the development and evaluation of advanced aero-optical technology, such as, high bandwidth laser wavefront sensors, adaptive "mirrors", near-field laser beacons, and means to mitigate aero-optical turbulence. This AO evaluation capability does not currently exist in any large-scale, ground test facility, which must be suitable for aero-optics research (turbulence level, Reynolds and Mach number). Major wind tunnel facilities will be surveyed before selecting one suitable for conversion into a facility for AO research and development. This effort will provide for the development of novel turret, pod, fairing and cavity designs and means for active flow control to minimize flow field effects, including approaches that utilize electro-optical mechanical hardware, all optical, or hybrid concepts. The AO wind tunnel facility will prove indispensable to defense contractors and other professional's in universities and government laboratories in their efforts to develop advanced compensation technology, and to transition it to flight qualified HEL systems. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC.
625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Dr. Mark R. Stevens AF 05-011 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Image Sequences to Image Pairs |
| Abstract: | Space situation awareness (SSA) requires the ability to monitor, identify, and catalog a wide variety of uncooperative space objects. To help improve Air Force SSA capabilities, we propose the Image Sequences to Image Pairs (ISIP) system. ISIP's input is a sequence of images from a telescope (or micro-satellite such as XSS-10/11) showing an uncooperative space object passing overhead. ISIP processes the sequence in real-time to select sets of stereo image pairs. Each pair is combined into a single anaglyph stereo image and also used for 3D stereo reconstruction. At the core of our system is a structure-from-motion algorithm that computes an estimate of the satellite's full six-degree of freedom pose, based on frame-to-frame changes in satellite appearance. This estimate is used to determine which two input images would make a good stereo pair. Note that as desirable byproducts, our technique recovers the 3D motion of the object (position, orientation, and angular velocity) and the 3D shape of the object. In Phase I, we will develop a fully functional ISIP software system in C++ and perform an evaluation using simulated sensor data of uncooperative space objects. Our Phase II effort will focus on tuning the system to space surveillance imagery and optimizing the system to increase accuracy and throughput. |
| STELLAR SCIENCE LTD.CO
401 Serenity Ct SE Albuquerque, NM 87123 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 299-2686
Mr. Robert A. Radtke AF 05-011 Awarded: 08APR05 |
| Title: | Algorithms for Stereo Image Creation from a Sequence of Two Dimensional Images |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop an algorithm capable of autonomously converting standard 2D space surveillance imagery sequences into 3D stereo movies. We will extend and integrate our existing algorithms, which have already been demonstrated to handle space surveillance data, to build a system that requires no sensor or hardware upgrades. The key to automating the solution is to determine the pose of the imaged object from one frame to the next. We will use existing feature-based shape-from-motion code to solve for this unknown, and then use that information to select stereo image pairs whose displacements are compatible with binocular human vision. Because of the low frame rates of existing space surveillance sensors, we realize that many data collections may not contain suitable stereo pairs. To handle such situations we propose a novel technique to generate intermediate frames based on 3D information extracted from the image sequence. The goal is to produce a high-quality 3D stereo movie at video frame rate, even from even relatively sparse image data. For Phase I we will deliver a working prototype system stable enough for Air Force use on research and special analyses missions. |
| CROSSFIELD TECHNOLOGY LLC
4505 Spicewood Springs Road, Suite 360 Austin, TX 78759 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 795-0221
Dr. Gary McMillian AF 05-012 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Compact Ultra-Wideband Target Identification System |
| Abstract: | Crossfield proposes a high dynamic range, ultra-wideband, receiver-digitizer that will enable implementation of a compact UWB target identification system for the detection and location of targets and weapons concealed behind walls or foliage or hidden on a person. The design features an ultra-wide bandwidth, high dynamic range sampler developed by Picosecond Pulse Labs, followed by a track-and-hold amplifier (THA) and analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The digitized waveforms are captured in a high-speed memory for analysis and display. Crossfield will investigate two approaches to ultra-high-speed sampling: real-time sampling using parallel samplers, THAs and ADCs, and equivalent-time sampling using a single sampler, THA and ADC with precision timing offsets between waveform digitization cycles. At high pulse repetition rates, the later approach will provide high spatial resolution at a much lower cost, lower power and in a more compact size. |
| Q-DOT, INC.
1069 Elkton Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80907 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(719) 590-1112
Mr. Thomas E. Linnenbrink AF 05-012 Awarded: 12APR05 |
| Title: | Ultra-Compact UWB Transient Receiver/Digitizer (9693) |
| Abstract: | Q-DOT proposes to develop an Ultra-Compact (1-2 chip) UWB Transient Receiver/Digitizer to enable the practical military application of UWB for identifying targets behind walls or in foliage. To date, UWB target identification system (TIS) deployment has been severely impeded by the rack-mounted, laboratory equipment required for the receiver/digitizer function. The proposed Receiver/Digitizer will enable numerous UWB TIS equipment for a variety of ground-based and airborne operations, specifically including a handheld UWB TIS. The Receiver/Digitizer will be realized in IBM's 8HP SiGe BiCMOS process via DoD's ITAR-compliant Trusted Foundry Agreement (TFA). During Phase I, the Receiver/Digitizer will be configured to meet mission requirements. Critical elements will be conceptually designed to project their performance. A prototype Receiver/Digitizer will be developed in Phase II prior to developing a handheld UWB TIS in Phase III. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Dr. Christopher M. Gittins AF 05-014 Awarded: 11MAY05 |
| Title: | Advanced Algorithms for Exploitation of Space-Based Imagery |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. and its subcontractor, SAIC-Boulder, propose to implement and evaluate two novel pattern recognition methods to mitigate cluster noise and enhance the contrast between targets and backgrounds in an automatic target recognition (ATR) applications. The proposed methods are relevant to subpixel target detection using hyperspectral data and are compatible with real-time implementation on airborne and spaceborne operating platforms. Our approach is to integrate a statistically-robust blind source separation algorithm for spectral signature recognition with a Bayesian Evidential Reasoning framework to enable context-based false alarm mitigation. The Bayes net will be used to reduce false rate by evaluating the spectral characteristics of the region surrounding the potential target detect. The proposed spectral pattern recognition approach is robust with respect to the form of clutter noise in the data, i.e., non-Gaussian noise statistics, and will enable modeling of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves for any user-specified clutter noise distribution. The Phase I program will involve benchmark testing of the proposed methods using real and synthetic data sets and will enable recommendation of an ATR approach to be implemented in hardware in Phase II. |
| SPACE COMPUTER CORP.
12121 Wilshire Boulevard , Suite 910 Los Angeles, CA 90025 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 481-6000
Dr. Scott G Beaven AF 05-014 Awarded: 21APR05 |
| Title: | Advanced HSI Change Detection Algorithms for Exploitation of Space-Based Imagery |
| Abstract: | This proposed effort will capitalize on recent advancements in hyperspectral imagery- (HSI-) based real-time registration and spectral change detection processing to enhance our capability to detect, identify and track objects from space-based imagery and high-altitude surveillance imagery. Existing approaches based solely on spatial, temporal or spectral information fall short of demanding DoD needs because of several limiting factors. Primary among these is the complexity of the clutter environment viewed by down-looking spaceborne instruments. This is compounded by the limitation on optical instruments for simultaneously obtaining high-resolution temporal, spatial, and spectral information. We propose to incorporate target spectral signature information into multi-look change detection and tracking algorithms to significantly enhance capabilities of multi-spectral and hyperspectral systems to provide high-performance target detection, identification and tracking. |
| COMPOSITE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT, INC.
2600 Campus Drive, Suite D Lafayette, CO 80026 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 664-0394
Dr. Marc R. Schultz AF 05-015 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | TEMBOr Bi-Morphing, Controllable Composite Laminates for SBR Applications |
| Abstract: | The proposed program will develop and demonstrate an innovative concept for achieving bi-morphing shape control in composite panels and structural elements, through the use of TEMBOr BiPolymericT actuator technology. The concept represents a novel adaptation of Elastic Memory Composite technology to the challenging application of shape control of lightweight composite structures. |
| MMICMAN, LLC
826 N. Red Robin St. Orange, CA 92869 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 980-3039
Mr. Rick Sturdivant AF 05-015 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Electronically Scanned Array (ESA) Antenna Transmit/Receive Module |
| Abstract: | Space based radar and T/R module performance goals require very light weight T/R modules. The radar may be folded out to form large arrays. Aggressive packaging techniques must be used to achieve a radar that is light weight. In fact the solution to the light weight space based radar is a microwave packaging challenge. MMICMAN proposes to prove the feasibility of achieving 2kg/m2 using innovative methods. |
| STARSYS RESEARCH
4909 Nautilus Ct. North Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 530-1925
Mr. Jeff Harvey AF 05-015 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Development of a Self deploying Articulated Spacecraft Boom |
| Abstract: | The ability of space borne systems to gather information can be enhanced by separating instruments from the spacecraft or by increasing antenna apertures to many times the size of the spacecraft. These deployments are often accomplished by using deployable booms as both deployment linear actuators and deployed structure. In many cases the ability to deploy structures that are extremely stable thermally and structurally is a requirement. There are several variations of deployable booms for systems that require precise thermal stability, articulated trusses are unequalled because they can use low coefficient of thermal expansion materials and provide the requisite stiffness. Articulated booms require a motor and deployment mechanism to form the boom once on orbit. The state of the art deployment mechanisms, used in articulated booms are large, massive and complex, requiring power from the host spacecraft to deploy. Starsys research is developing a new type of self deploying articulated spacecraft boom that does not require a conventional deployment mechanism therefore exhibiting lower volume, lower mass, lower parts count, lower cost and has enhanced capabilities over existing deployment mechanism and boom technologies. |
| STARSYS RESEARCH
4909 Nautilus Ct. North Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 530-1925
Mr. Jeff Harvey AF 05-015 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Jack Screw Deployed Articulated Boom |
| Abstract: | The ability of space borne systems to gather information can be enhanced by separating instruments from the spacecraft or by increasing antenna apertures to many times the size of the spacecraft. These deployments are often accomplished by using deployable booms as both deployment linear actuators and deployed structure. In many cases the ability to deploy structures that are extremely stable thermally and structurally is a requirement. There are several variations of deployable booms for systems that require precise thermal stability, articulated trusses are unequalled because they can use low coefficient of thermal expansion materials and provide the requisite stiffness. Articulated booms require a motor and deployment mechanism to form the boom once on orbit. The state of the art deployment mechanisms, used in articulated booms are large, massive and complex, requiring power from the host spacecraft to deploy. Starsys research is developing a new type of articulated spacecraft boom with a revolutionary deployment mechanism that exhibits lower volume, lower mass, lower parts count, lower cost and has enhanced capabilities over existing deployment mechanism and boom technologies. |
| STARSYS RESEARCH
4909 Nautilus Ct. North Boulder, CO 80301 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 530-1925
Mr. Jeff Harvey AF 05-015 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Development of Analysis Tools for a Jack Screw Deployed Articulated Spacecraft Boom |
| Abstract: | Deployable booms are critical in enhancing the ability of space borne systems to gather information by separating instruments from the spacecraft or by increasing antenna apertures to many times the size of the spacecraft. Examples of currently envisioned missions exist in both the commercial and military worlds. Deployable booms act as both deployment linear actuators to form the structure and, once fully extended form the deployed structure. In most cases spacecraft booms are designed and analyzed on a "one off" basis, that is, slow and inefficient. Access to space in a rapid manner would be enabled by developing analysis and design packages for booms to reduce the design and analysis cycle. Starsys Research is developing a new generation of articulated boom assemblies for space craft. The design and analysis time, as well as the accuracy of the results of the effort would be improved significantly by creating and validating tools for this sizing process. |
| TIALINX, INC.
8 Halley Irvine, CA 92612 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 285-6255
Dr. FRED MOHAMADI AF 05-015 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Electronically Scanned Array (ESA) Antenna Transmit/Receive Module |
| Abstract: | Space-based radar (SBR) and mobile surveillance systems require effective integration of phased-array antenna modules for beamforming. This proposal in response to the SBIR phase I solicitation addresses reduction of components by combining desired performance features and integrates them on a Si-based wafer. Additionally, wafer scale antenna module (WSAM) includes integration of large number of antenna elements on the same substrate. Wafer scale integration objectives have been addressed by focusing on incorporation of interconnects and radio frequency active components, direct current, and control signals for an optimum power dissipation. The proposal predicts a 40X weight reduction and better than 37X volume reduction for beamforming module, while operating without a cooling system. Furthermore, integration of the antenna array with fully integrated electronics on a Silicon wafer enables removing connectors that cause serious insertion losses, hence, improving the signal-to-noise for more efficient transmission and less required sensitivity for signal receiver. |
| LINQUEST CORP.
6701 Center Drive West, Suite 425 Los Angeles, CA 90292 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 410-2411
Mr. Aaron Tu AF 05-017 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Field Programmable Gate Array Based Channelizer |
| Abstract: | Transformational Communications require the development of a reconfigurable low power radiation hardened channelizer capable of scaling up to support 25 20 MHz narrowband and wideband channels. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology is ideal for rapid development of customizable circuit. Xilinx and Actel are the only vendors with radiation hardened FPGA having over a million usable gates count. Xilinx FPGA is based on SRAM technology which requires Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) to eliminate Single Event Upset (SEU) while Actel FPGA is based on anti-fuse technology with triplicated gates. LinQuest is proposing to use Xilinx QPRO-R FPGA to satisfy Transformational Communications Channelizer requirement. This proposal will also review various channelizer architectures and implementations approaches. The final architecture will be simulated in C/C++, MatLab, and Verilog/VHDL. The channelizer design will be synthesized and routed for the purpose of accessing resource utilization, power consumption, and maximum clock speed. The final analysis will be Phase I deliverable. LinQuest is an employee-owned small business with exceptionally strong qualifications in the Military & Commercial Satellite Communication Systems, Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA) arena. LinQuest has over 20 years of experience development state-of-the-art end-to-end simulation platforms (MEESE) providing SETA support for Milstar, AEHF, and now Transformational Communications (TSAT). Over the years, LinQuest has developed a library of channelization capabilities including channel coding, modulation, fading, jamming, and nuller functionalities. LinQuest's engineers hold advance degrees and have extensive experience in flight hardware design including AEHF transponder and channelizer. Thus, LinQuest is uniquely qualified to support the development of Transformation Communications Channelizer. |
| THE ATHENA GROUP, INC.
3424 N.W. 31st Street Gainesville, FL 32605 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(352) 371-2567
Mr. Michael P. Lewis AF 05-017 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Field Programmable Gate Array Based Channelizer |
| Abstract: | This SBIR Phase I project, called the Athena Channelizer Technology 1, or ACT1, involves the innovation and evaluation of a new channelizer technology that will meet the needs of Department of Defense Transformational Communications program. Transformational communications is part of the military's overhaul of its currently diffused communications assets into an integrated system that expands military communications capabilities by an order of magnitude (10x). A critical enabling technology is a new class of 300 Mbps channelizers capable of assembling information channels by adaptively combining subbands found within a broadband spectrum, and also capable of efficiently operating in hostile environments using radiation hardened FPGA components. The proposed ACT1 solution is based on fusing a number of Athena authored and demonstrated innovations in the area of multi-band channelizers design, signal processing, design implementation, and fault tolerance. In Phase I, the proposed ACT1 solution will be developed and analyzed. When complete, ACT1 will provide the Transformational Communications Office with an infrastructure technology capable of adaptively maintaining acceptable bit-error-rates (BER), signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), and other signal quality metrics required to ensure the reliable delivery of information under a variety of satellite-borne conditions and circumstances. |
| AMERICAN SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.
3100 S. Vista Ave., Suite 230 Boise, ID 83705 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(208) 336-2773
Mr. Kelly DeGregorio AF 05-018 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Advanced Commercially Available Inherently Radhard Primitive Cell Designs. |
| Abstract: | The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Military Satellite Communication (MILSATCOM), and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have a current and future need for advanced commercially available inherently radhard primitive cell libraries to support new designs for satellites and other spacecraft. American Semiconductor Inc. proposes the use of double gated Flexfet technology for primitive cells. This can enable next generation spacecraft for operations and missions with high density, low power, and high speed radhard components. Moreover these primitive cells endow spacecraft designers with the ability to increase spacecraft performance over current designs without having to use large chip area or redundancy and still have low power and high speed reconfigurable performance. This SBIR Phase I proposal will result in primitive cells in scaleable, sub-lithographic, low power, low cost, and inherently radhard Flexfet CMOS. These primitive cells have commercially viability and will be of significant commercial interest to industry. |
| SILICON SPACE TECHNOLOGY CORP.
3620 Lost Creek Boulevard Austin, TX 78735 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 891-9702
Wesley H. Morris AF 05-018 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Radiation-Hardened By Design Techniques for Total Dose and Single Event Upset |
| Abstract: | Silicon Space Technology and team member ATK Mission Research, in collaboration with Jazz Semiconductor, propose to develop and demonstrate a very deep submicron cell library and design system for radiation hardened ASICs and standard products. Specifically, we will develop a scaleable 180 nm, hardened-by-design (HBD) cell library to support the radiation-hardening of ASICs fabricated in commercial silicon foundries. The performance and radiation hardness will be demonstrated in Phase I by extensive modeling and simulation of the process. Our team has extensive expertise in commercial process integration, device development in leading-edge commercial technology, device development in traditional HBD, and radiation-hardening techniques using HBP and HBD technology. This critical combination is the key to successful implementation of the radiation-hardened process modules. Silicon Space Technology's proprietary HBI approach, combined with leading-edge silicon foundry manufacturing and an industry leading HBD innovator, should realize significant performance and manufacturing advantages over existing RHIC producers, while reducing component cost and time-to-market. The emergence of such products from leading-edge CMOS foundries should achieve the previously unattainable goal of deploying the latest electronics while minimizing the risk of mission failure due to space radiation. |
| ADVANCED SCIENCE & NOVEL TECHNOLOGY
27 Via Porto Grande Rancho Palos Verdes, CA 90275 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 377-6029
Dr. Vladimir Katzman AF 05-019 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Low Power Ultra-Fast Analog-to-Digital Converter with Integrated DSP |
| Abstract: | The front end digital processing of a communications satellite/warfighter typically consists of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) followed by a demodulator and Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The integration of both functions in an ADC/DSP monolithic Integrated Circuit (ADIC) is an effective way to overcome the difficulties associated with propagation delays and transmission line effects in the required high-speed parallel interconnects between the ADC and the DSP application specific integrated circuits. In order to satisfy the described need, our company in cooperation with the Georgia Tech University team under management of Byers Professor John Cressler proposes to develop a novel ADIC architecture based on a proprietary, extremely low power, 2.5 Gs/s ADC block, which will be implemented in one of the most advanced modern SiGe technologies. ADIC architectures with either an analog demultiplexing scheme based on a proprietary dual-bridge sample-and-hold amplifier (SHA), or a high-speed SHA and a signal splitter will be evaluated in order to select the best design approach.. The required reduction of supply voltage and power consumption will be achieved at the basic cell hierarchical level through application of the fully differential bipolar-based current-mode logic or MOS-based source-coupled logic with ADSANTEC's proprietary voltage referencing scheme. |
| CSWITCH CORP.
3101 Jay St , Suite #110 Santa Clara, CA 95054 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(408) 986-1964
Mr. Narbeh Derhacobian AF 05-020 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Chalcogenide Based Field Programmable Gate Array |
| Abstract: | Cswitch is planning to investigate the implementation of non volatile chalcogenide material as a replacement to the 10-50Mbits of SRAM used to configure the FPGA LUTs and switches. The Cswitch FPGA will as a result eliminate the triple redundancy required in RAD Tolerant FPGAs used for military and space applications. Cswitch's core technology team has spent roughly 9 months researching FPGAs and memory technologies. |
| RESONANT MICROSYSTEMS, INC.
2900 Lakeridge Drive Los Angeles, CA 90068 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 634-2741
Dr. Shui-Lin Chao AF 05-021 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | MEMS Components for Phased Array Applications |
| Abstract: | High bandwidth free space communication links are critical for next generation DoD systems, including low-loss phased shifters for a MEMS-based ESA and mirror arrays for turbulence compensation. For the proposed SBIR project, Resonant Microsystems will model and simulate free space links and design a K-band MEMS phase shifter. |
| TOYON RESEARCH CORP.
Suite A, 75 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 968-6787
Ms. Shannon M. Petzold AF 05-021 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Micro-Electrical Mechanical Systems Based Electronically Steerable Antenna |
| Abstract: | The use of multiple beams and frequencies make phased arrays desirable elements in modern communication systems. Phased arrays enable area scanning with much greater detail and speed than traditional antenna systems. High insertion-loss phase shifters in the array currently create the need for expensive hardware to compensate for poor phase shifter performance. MEMS switches have features that make them an ideal candidate as a device technology for high-performance phase shifters. The offer very low insertion loss, small physical size, and demonstrate proven results for high performance phase shifters. The insertion loss of the phase shifter will be improved by an innovative approach which eliminates the longest true time delay bit in a multi-bit system. Toyon Research Corporation and Rockwell Scientific Company have outlined a comprehensive Phase I project for the design of a low-loss, reliable, MEMS multi-bit phase shifter, including the design and simulation of a complete multi-bit phase shifter and the development of a production plan for the completed system. The final application of the completed phase shifter is for use in an antenna phased array system which Toyon will focus on during the Phase II effort. A cost analysis will be performed for transitioning the phase shifter to commercial production. |
| HYBRID PLASTICS
55 WL Runnels Ind. Dr. Hattiesburg, MS 39401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(601) 544-3466
Dr. Joseph D. Lichtenhan AF 05-022 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Radiation-Resistant Nanoscopically Enhanced Solar Cell Coverglass |
| Abstract: | Hybrid Plastics proposes to develop a low cost, and versatile method for shielding commercial and military solar cells from damage against proton and electron radiation. The technical approach utilizes metallized nanoscopic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes as conformal coatings on coverglass and on solar cell surfaces. Such coatings would permit spacecraft designers to increase duty cycles while operating in half-geo orbits. Also, POSS coatings may provide a means to shield flexible solar cells against space radiation, a task that conventional cover glass cannot do. Hybrid Plastics also proposes to perform fundamental proton and electron testing of coatings coverglass and cells to determine their shielding effectiveness. |
| ION BEAM OPTICS, INC.
2060 E. Ave de Los Arboles #D243 Thousand Oaks, CA 91362 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 493-1631
Mr. Michael Fulton AF 05-022 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Radiation-Resistant Solar Cell Coverglass |
| Abstract: | Solar cell coverglass coatings are subject to darkening under the Half-GEO radiation environment, and require increased radiation resistance. Premature power loss reduces satellite life below the required 15 year EOL goal and impacts the expense of satellite operation. We propose to apply advanced high-energy deposition technology to produce optical coatings for the cover glasses that exhibit high radiation resistance due to their superior micro-structural properties. These properties include bulk-like packing density, lower defect density, better optical homogeneity, and uniform morphology. We shall evaluate three of these deposition technologies in parallel, and after evaluating the results recommend one for production development. The research team brings nearly 70 years of experience in coating technology innovation and production development, with relevant experience in solar cell cover coating deposition, problem analysis, and solution development. The results will be applicable to all applications and requirements; military and commercial regardless of orbit, and could be marketed to the international solar cell panel industry. |
| NANOHMICS, INC.
6201 East Oltorf St., Suite 400 Austin, TX 78741 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(512) 389-9990
Dr. Keith Jamison AF 05-022 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Radiation Hard Amorphous Nitride Based Solar Cell Coverglass Anti-reflective Coatings |
| Abstract: | Solar cells are typically protected from the environment by a coverglass that has good light transmission properties in the response region of the solar cell. Newer generations of multilayer solar cells are extending the response region from the UV into the infrared portion of the spectrum to increase the efficiency of the solar cells. This is critically important for space based solar cells where the electrical output per unit weight is paramount. Unfortunately, solar cell coverglass materials have not kept up with the improvements in solar cell spectral range. It is difficult to fabricate the anti-reflective coatings and index matching layers to be efficient over the wider wavelength region of the newer solar cells. In addition for satellite power, the high radiation environments common at certain earth orbits cause the solar cell coverglass to lose transmittance (darken) through the formation of color centers in the glass or oxide materials. In this program Nanohmics proposes to examine the use of amorphous wide-bandgap nitride coatings to improve the performance radiation-resistant solar cell coverglass material. The amorphous nitrides will be used as an anti-reflective and index matching interface layer for the solar cells with the intent of increasing their spectral absorption and efficiency. |
| AONEX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
129 North Hill, Suite #108 Pasadena, CA 91106 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(626) 583-9101
Mr. James Zahler AF 05-023 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | A New Class Of High Efficiency, High Specific Power, Multi-junction Photovoltaic Cells Using Wafer Bonding And Layer Transfer |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of a process for producing ultra-high conversion efficiency (37-41%) AM0 multijunction solar cells from dislocation-free non-lattice matched heterostructures using a proprietary wafer bonding / layer transfer process. The overall cell fabrication process will yield a two terminal, series-connected four junction InGaP/GaAs/InGaAsP/InGaAs/InP/Si solar cell. Specifically, as a proof of principle, we will transfer of Ge layers < 500 nm thick and 50 mm in diameter onto Si substrates, and then use the resulting Ge/Si substrates as epitaxial growth templates for high bandgap InGaP/GaAs tandem cells. We will also transfer < 500 nm thick InP layers and 50 mm diameter onto Si substrates and use the InP/Si substrates as epitaxial growth templates for low bandgap InGaAsP/InGaAs tandem cells. Device active region structure will be characterized via electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and minority carrier lifetime will be characterized via time-resolved photoluminescence. The dark and AM0-illuminated current-voltage characteristics of an InGaP/GaAs dual junction cell on Ge/Si templates will be determined. The results obtained will be used to estimate the overall four junction cell efficiency potential and guide development of a commercial prototype four junction cell process in Phase II. |
| EPIWORKS, INC.
1606 Rion Drive Champaign, IL 61822 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(217) 373-1590
Dr. Brian McDermott AF 05-023 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Next-Generation 30-45% Efficient Multi-Junction Solar Cell |
| Abstract: | We will demonstrate novel, Si-based technology for ultra-lightweight, high-efficiency, triple junction solar cells. Next-generation satellites require increased payload mass and power budget capabilities. Ultra lightweight, 40% efficient solar cells employing Silicon substrates will reduce array size and solar cell payload mass while still enabling power level scale-up. Our advanced, next generation design will enable extremely high efficiency by using materials with ideal band gaps for efficient solar cells. By employing Si substrates (> 2x lower density than Ge), solar cell payload mass will be reduced by more than two times over current Ge-based technology. Current state-of-the art solar cell technology employs tandem Ge/GaAs/InGaP junctions on Ge substrates. This approach has shown promise for 40% converstion efficiency by employing 1.0 eV InGaAsN material as an intermediate cell between Ge and GaAs. However, InGaAsN has shown fundamental limitations due to the presence of deep level traps. A new alternative Si-based approach could result in similar 40% efficiencies in addition to substantially lower weight and cost. Silicon has a 1.1 eV bandgap, significantly lower cost and weight than Ge, and provides superior mechanical stability and radiation hardness. |
| STRUCTURED MATERIALS INDUSTRIES
Suite 103, 201 Circle Drive Piscataway, NJ 08854 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(732) 302-9274
Dr. Catherine E. Rice AF 05-023 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | High Efficiency InGaN Solar Cells |
| Abstract: | This Phase I SBIR program will demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating high efficiency solar cells based on InGaN photovoltaic devices using MBE for material parameter optimization and MOCVD for manufacturability. Recent results demonstrating that InN has a much narrower bandgap than previously believed open the door to fabrication of photovoltaic devices responsive from the near infrared through UV ranges. Thus, unprecedented efficiencies should be possible. Currently, Structured Materials Industries (SMI) and Cornell University are conducting a Phase I STTR in InGaN solar cell development. In this program we have identified that crucial developments in InN and In-rich InGaN are the key to realizing the potential of InGaN full spectrum solar cells. Specifically, (1) the achievement of thick (>2 m), adherent InN layers; (2) p-type doping in InN; and (3) understanding and control of surface carriers. In this program we propose to focus on and solve these important material issues. In Phase I, together with Dr. William Schaff of Cornell University, a pioneer in InN and InGaN technology, SMI will deposit InN and In-rich InGaN films and evaluate deposition and post-processing parameters enabling these material goals. Fabrication and demonstration of prototype devices and process scale-up will take place in Phase II. |
| ORORA DESIGN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
17371 NE 67th Court, Suite 205 Redmond, WA 98052 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 702-9196
Dr. Monte Mar AF 05-024 Awarded: 15APR05 |
| Title: | Design-Hardened Analog/Mixed-Signal Electronics |
| Abstract: | • Orora Design Technologies, teamed up with ATK Mission Research, proposes to develop and demonstrate the feasibility of a template-based synthesis approach to the design of high performance radiation hardened analog-to-digital converters with 100 MSPS sampling rates at 12-bit or greater resolution with 250 miliwatts or less power consumption. The output of this research is a parametric cell and architecture library that captures expert radiation-hardening design techniques and can be adapted to different design performance requirements and fabrication processes, along with the computer-aided design toolset that enables such template-based automated radiation hardened synthesis in a mainstream EDA |