---------- DARPA ----------

64 Phase I Selections from the 05.2 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)
DYMAS RESEARCH, INC.
2910 Fox Run Dr.
Plainsboro, NJ 08536
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(609) 865-1103
Dr. Wei Hu
DARPA 05-001      Awarded: 01NOV05
Title:Pulse Propagation in Negative Index Materials Having a Nonlinear, Positive Index, Host Medium
Abstract:Negative Index Material (NIM) effects have been demonstrated in the microwave region but no NIM has been made that operates in the visible or near IR on nonlinear substrates. Researchers at Dymas Research propose an innovative integrated solution to develop NIM in the infrared range on nonlinear substrates. Our novel approach overcomes the drawbacks and limitations in conventional approach. To fabricate our proposed NIMs, we can use standard semiconductor processing technology, including photolithography instead of e-beam lithography.

POLARIS SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
200 Westside Square, Suite 320
Huntsville, AL 35801
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(256) 562-0087
Dr. Art Lompado
DARPA 05-002      Awarded: 17OCT05
Title:Opto-Mechanical Modeling of Low Cost, High Precision, Micro Components for Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
Abstract:Polaris Sensor Technologies proposes to combine an innovative crossover-free Fiber Optic Gyroscope (FOG) sensor coil winding configuration, which is based on low cost single mode fiber and retains built-in thermal symmetry, with an opto-mechanical model of this novel device to enhance FOG capability. The cost and thermal sensitivity associated with current FOG sensor coils will be minimized through a high fidelity model which, in turn, will permit prediction and optimization of the performance of both the coil and the entire FOG sensor. The model will be based on the Mueller calculus, a well known framework capable of simulating the polarization resolved propagation of light through optical components such as those employed in a depolarized FOG. Coils with differing winding configurations will be designed, fabricated, and functionally tested. The test results will be correlated to the model predictions and both the model and the device designs will be iteratively improved. The enhancements afforded by this approach are expected to include higher FOG sensitivity at a reduced cost.

FIBERSTARS, INC.
32000 Aurora Road
Solon, OH 44139
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(440) 836-7409
Mr. Chris Jenson
DARPA 05-003      Awarded: 21OCT05
Title:Smoke and Flame Resistant Large Core Plastic Optical Fiber for Highly Efficient Light Distribution in Navy Vessels
Abstract:A large core optical fiber is desired that is capable of withstanding flame and smoke generation requirements as defined in military specifications for Naval applications and that maintains optical efficiency and mechanical flexibility similar to or better than current Large Core Plastic Optical Fiber (LCPOF) technology. In Phase I, Fiberstars will analyze and define the standards and test methods associated with smoke and flame risk. Perform research on the feasibility of materials, techniques and manufacturing processes available to achieve the required flammability requirements. Develop matrix of approaches that correspond to and allow for satisfaction of specifications of the standard. In Phase II, we will develop the cable design and fabricate prototype quantities available for performance and environmental testing. Conduct appropriate flammability and smoke generation testing on the prototype samples and characterize performance.

ACREE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1900 Bates Ave., Suite G
Concord, CA 94520
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(925) 798-5770
Dr. Mike McFarland
DARPA 05-004      Awarded: 26OCT05
Title:Arc Source Multi-Layer Coatings to Double lighting System Lifetimes without Affecting Performance
Abstract:The purpose of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility of using Acree Technologies' Filtered Cathodic Arc Plasma Deposition process to deposit multilayer optical coatings to the outside of High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps to increase their lifetime and efficiency without affecting their color rendering or optical performance. To increase the life and efficiency of the HID lamps, the multilayer coatings will reflect ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) radiation back into the lamp so that the glass envelope will be more uniformly heated, reducing one of the major failure mechanisms, which is fracture of the glass due to devitrification and uneven thermal expansion at hot spots. The reflected UV has the added potential of increasing the efficiency of the lamp by recycling wasted photons. In addition, a diffusion barrier top coat will be used to inhibit contaminates from reaching the glass envelope, thereby extending the life of the lamps by reducing another major failure mechanism, which is fracture of the glass envelope due to phase changes at impurity nucleation sites.

FIBERSTARS, INC.
32000 Aurora Road
Solon, OH 44139
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(440) 836-7421
Mr. Roger Buelow
DARPA 05-004      Awarded: 07DEC05
Title:Arc Source Multi-Layer Coatings to Doublelighting System Lifetimes without Affecting Performance
Abstract:Evaluate feasibility of exterior barrier coatings on remote source HID lamps. Coat lamps with prelimiary designs and measure thermal distributions. Detail likely design space (materials, coating methods, annealing methods) for large-scale success. In Phase II, develop detailed designs, coating process, annealing process and tooling design. Determine effect of using evenly applied coatings (low pressure chemical vapor deposition) vs. uneven coatings applied by line-of-sight coating methods. Produce prototypes. Publish life and photometry effects of these coatings.

STRUCTURED MATERIALS INDUSTRIES
201 Circle Drive North, Unit # 102
Piscataway, NJ 08854
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(732) 302-9274
Dr. Nick M. Sbrockey
DARPA 05-004      Awarded: 25OCT05
Title:Long Lifetime HID Lamps for Remote Source Lighting
Abstract:In this SBIR Phase I effort, Structured Materials Industries, Inc., www.structuredmaterials.com (SMI) will develop long-lifetime, low-wattage High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps, for remote source lighting applications. Remote source lighting systems have the potential for improved operating and maintenance costs, as well as greater safety in wet environments and near flammables or explosives. SMI will develop and demonstrate optical coatings for low-wattage, high brightness HID lamps, based on SMI's well established technology for chemical vapor deposition. In Phase I, we will demonstrate high performance optical coatings on both test substrates and on actual low-wattage HID lamp envelops. We will fabricate low-wattage HID lamps with the coated envelops, and demonstrate improved performance, including better temperature uniformity of the lamp envelop and overall increased lamp lifetime. We will also develop a plan to integrate the optical coating technology into commercial production of long lifetime, low-wattage HID lamps, specifically optimized for remote source lighting applications.

APPLIED VISIONS, INC.
6 Bayview Avenue
Northport, NY 11768
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(631) 754-4920
Dr. Anita D'Amico
DARPA 05-005      Awarded: 23NOV05
Title:Cyber Assets in the Battlefield Network: Situational Awareness of Mission Critical Computing Resources
Abstract:Net-centric warfare places burdens on mission planners and commanders to understand dependencies, readiness, mobility, interoperability, and risk of cyber assets in addition to kinetic assets. They need to know "which computing assets are required for the success of the mission," "are there threats to their mission-readiness," "what is the impact if an asset is breached," and "are they where they should be at this point of the mission?" The questioner's role determines the form of the answer: commanders want go/no-go status of major mission elements, and expect a geographic frame of reference. By contrast, the J6 responsible for network operations wants to know the network location of cyber assets that are threatened, and whether redundant assets can ensure continuity of operations. Secure Decisions proposes to design new visual representations that integrate cyber assets into a battlefield tactical display that provides commanders with total situational awareness of the modern battlefield and empowers mission planners to integrate cyber assets with other mission-critical resources. We propose role-based views that customize the form and type of information on the display, based on operator roles. Our approach leverages existing tactical display technologies in a realistic plan leading to operational transition within three years.

INTELLIVIS
2722 South Davis Blvd.
bountiful, UT 84010
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(801) 971-3680
Dr. Stefano Foresti
DARPA 05-005      Awarded: 15NOV05
Title:VISUAL FUSION AND CORRELATION OF ASSETS AND MISSION
Abstract:For ten years, the interdisciplinary team of the Center for the Representation of Multi-Dimensional Information (CROMDI) at the University of Utah has successfully worked on problems in Medicine, Finance, and Networking to transform experts' heuristic knowledge into quantitative displays that improve decision making with respect to existing displays. The team has researched and developed visualizations for the Intelligence Community ARDA in order to improve situational awareness of critical cyber events, which resulted in "VisAlert" a very flexible visualization to fuse and correlate network information. The team founded IntelliVis, to commercialize VisAlert and to produce new visualization products for other situational awareness and decision making problems with overloading data. The objective of this proposal is to design a user centered visualization framework that fuses a variety of information sources both from physical and cyber-assets, and that can aid situational awareness and decision making in command and control. We propose to leverage our work for IC-ARDA, extend the capabilities, and generalize the visualization system we designed for network alerts so that the visual structure can be used to allow multiple users, spanning from the staff responsible for analyzing raw data to the commanders who are interested in summarized results. The resulting user centered visualization will allow for the perceptual grouping of disparate and heterogeneous types of data such as the status of fixed and mobile assets, mission information reporting, vulnerabilities, computer network activity, analysts summary, security alerts etc. across a temporal horizon. In particular, we will introduce variables, such as uncertainty and relevance, which are important user defined criteria that should be embedded and interacted with in the visualization. The objective is to ensure that the visualization propositions constructed are usable and result in increased usage and performance. This will be achieved by performing domain analysis to drive the design, and usability testing in the design phases. The studies will be conducted with expert users at the University of Utah ROTC, AFRL, and ARL by employing CROMDI's interdisciplinary methodology that has been successful in other domains.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
15400 Calhoun Drive, Suite 400
Rockville, MD 20855
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(301) 294-5229
Dr. Eric van Doorn
DARPA 05-006      Awarded: 11OCT05
Title:Expendable, tactically interconnected RF sensor network
Abstract:Intelligent Automation, Inc. (IAI), proposes a novel, expendable, tactically interconnected cluster of RF sensors forming a sensor network. The use of communication links as tripwire sensor is the innovation of this proposal. We propose to use the radio motes called Mica2Dot (916 Mhz) and Telos (2.4 GHz, which use the Zigbee Protocol) from Crossbow Technology Inc, CA. Open source software called TinyOS operating system will be used in programming the motes. The communication/ RF links in such a sensor network will be exploited as follows: Real time tripwire sensing: We use the RF communication link itself as a bi-static radar to detect any movements near the Line Of Sight between radios (sensors). Hence we can:  Distinguish between human, animal, and vehicular intruders.  Separate signal strength fluctuations due to nearby cell phones or other transmitters to those caused by physical intrusions. Real time Intelligence: Effective intelligent algorithm  Determines moving intruder information position, velocity and direction  Alerts the next node to get ready to listen to this intruder that is coming in its direction  Resolves simultaneous detection of more than one moving intruder advancing in different directions

WILLIAMS-PYRO, INC.
200 Greenleaf St.
Fort Worth, TX 76107
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(817) 872-1500
Ms. Nithya Ramaswami
DARPA 05-006      Awarded: 12OCT05
Title:Integrated Radio-Frequency Functionality in Wireless Sensor Networks
Abstract:To reduce the size, cost, and power consumption of wireless sensor networks, Williams-Pyro, Inc. proposes to develop a Radio Integrated Sensor Node (RISEN) that integrates common functionalities of communication subsystems with the RF sensing and geo-location subsystems of a wireless sensor network. we will focus on sensing, communication, and data processing (including hardware, software, and routing algorithms) to reduce the number of subsystems, thereby reducing key metrics. Important design features include * Element reconfigurability to achieve sensor and transceiver functions * Programmable sensor nodes * Open architecture to include other modalities, depending on the application * Balanced flexibility and standardization * Low-power modulation schemes and antenna design * Spread Spectrum techniques to provide Low Probability of Interference (LPI), Low Probability of Detection (LPD), and Antijam (AJ) features * Multiple operational frequencies to enable flexible RF integration * Power-efficient algorithms for different layers of the protocol stack In Phase II, we will develop a Multi-Chip Module (MCM) to transition the RF module to a Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit (RFIC), and we may further transition it to a Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) implementation, depending on cost.

MENSSANA RESEARCH, INC.
1 Horizon Road, Suite 1415
Fort Lee, NJ 07024
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(201) 886-7004
Dr. Michael Phillips
DARPA 05-007      Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:Rapid, Non-Invasive Radiation Bio-Dosimeter
Abstract:The objective of this proposal is to develop a non-invasive radiation bio-dosimeter by employing a mobile breathalyzer to measure biomarkers of oxidative stress in the breath. The rationale for this research is that gamma radiation causes tissue injury, resulting in increased electron leak of reactive oxygen species from mitochondria to cytoplasm and increased lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. This results in increased production of alkanes and methylated alkanes, which may lead to detectable changes in the composition of the breath as well as in cytokines in exhaled breath condensate. A completely safe, painless and non-invasive breath test could potentially provide a bio-dosimeter of exposure to radiation. In Phase I, this research will attempt to establish proof of principle by performing breath tests in human volunteers with cancer before and after radiotherapy. Breath samples will be collected with a breath collection apparatus, and then analyzed with gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. If this pilot study demonstrates a significant increase in radiation-induced oxidative stress, a larger Phase II study will be performed with a field-portable breath test as a bio-dosimeter of exposure to radiation.

RESONANCE RESEARCH, INC.
10 Cook Street, Pinehurst Business Park
Billerica, MA 01821
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(978) 671-0811
Mr. William F. B. Punchard
DARPA 05-007      Awarded: 21OCT05
Title:Portable Post-Radiation Bio-Dosimeter
Abstract:This proposal is designed to provide a unique and effective solution to a critical military problem: how to quickly determine if an individual has received a dose of ionizing radiation that is likely to lead to acute clinical effects. It also would be applicable to a critical unmet need in dealing with certain types of terrorist-induced incidents. The solution proposed is the development of a hand held or easily transportable dosimeter that can, after-the-fact, rapidly and accurately measure the dose received by making measurements in tooth enamel with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR or ESR). Such an instrument would neutralize one of the major consequences of the use of radiological warfare or terrorism, which is lack of knowledge of the exposures of individuals. The desirable characteristics of this instrument include: ú Sufficient sensitivity to measure clinically relevant doses ú Ability to provide unambiguous data sufficient to make differentiation into designated dose subclasses ú Applicable to individuals ú Non-invasive ú Ability to provide the data rapidly and clearly ú Ability to operate in a variety of environments ú Ability to be operated by minimally trained individuals.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100
Torrance, CA 90501
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Naresh Menon
DARPA 05-008      Awarded: 20OCT05
Title:Smart Hyperspectral Imaging Laser Scalpel
Abstract:To address the need for a smart scalpel that extends the surgeon's natural human capabilities, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Smart Hyperspectral Imaging Laser Scalpel (SHILS) system based on a lightweight smart scalpel, a multiwavelength laser delivery subsystem, and a hyperspectral imaging subsystem with smart real-time feedback control. This system delivers a laser pulse with tissue-optimized wavelength, power, and pulse duration that prevent unintended tissue damage. In combination with the hyperspectral imaging system with 0.5 nm spectral and 10 micron spatial resolution, the device has micrometer-level surgical accuracy with software with real-time tissue diagnostic algorithms. These functionalities will extend the use of a surgical scalpel beyond what is possible with a standard instrument to reduce surgical errors, improve recovery time, and reduce cost. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the SHILS system by prototyping the hardware subsystems and demonstrating their performance in a laboratory setting. In Phase II POC plans to build a fully functional prototype with real-time feedback control that will demonstrate capability to remove tissue while identifying the tissue.

QORTEK, INC.
1965 Lycoming Creek Road, Suite 205
Williamsport, PA 17701
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(570) 322-2700
Dr. Alex Freeman
DARPA 05-008      Awarded: 07NOV05
Title:Computer Integrated Dynamic Scalpel (CIDS)
Abstract:Qortek in collaboration with Penn State - Hershey Medical School and Verefi Technologies, a surgical simulation tool provider, proposes computer Integrated Dynamic Scalpel (CIDS) that allows recording of surgeons' endoscope motion during a surgical procedure. The dynamic scalpel comprises various smart sensors embedded for real-time displacement, gyroscopic and acceleration measurements, which are transmitted wirelessly to a central surgeon database or to a surgical control room. Rigid body dynamic models, motion compensation algorithms, data reduction techniques are developed and used to reduce this data to surgical tool - tissue interaction models. This information can be shared for; trainee to improve his/her surgical skill, assess post surgical outcomes, plan future surgical procedures and send the information to a robot to repeat similar surgical procedures. The dynamic scalpel information can also be sent over the Internet to across the world so a medic to treat a wounded soldier can follow the exact surgical procedure. The information can be compiled for virtual human physiology database. As a final outcome of Phase I, CIDS is integrated to OR surgical procedures. CIDS approach can be followed for many surgical tools and robots to yield a Computer Aided Surgical Systems and Technology (CASST).

DESIGN INTERACTIVE, INC.
897 Kensington Gardens Court
Oviedo, FL 32765
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(407) 739-9892
Ms. Kelly Hale
DARPA 05-009      Awarded: 05DEC05
Title:Information Delivery and Display for Shared Awareness in the Net Centric Battlespace
Abstract:The opportunity exists to develop an innovative information delivery solution that will enhance warfighter performance in the context of the "Net Centric Battlespace" and take advantage of developing revolutionary command, control, and communications capabilities. The current effort proposes inserting humans and machines into a closed loop system, where information display is dynamically adjusted based on real-time EEG recordings to optimize individual and shared SA and related decision-making processes within a command center team, which mirrors the approach taken by the Augmented Cognition efforts driven by DARPA in capturing real-time brain signatures to drive information display adaptation. This proposed effort is unique in that (1) the specific EEG signatures to be developed under this effort aim to measure individual and shared situation awareness and (2) substantial effort will be devoted to identifying truly innovative principle-driven multimodal information display strategies that support effective communication and decision-making. We see the true innovation of this effort as the proposed adaptive, configurable, and considerate information display strategies that should greatly enhance individual and team decision-making through enhanced shared SA and optimal communication of critical information in appropriate modalities across team members. The end goal is to measurably improve the speed and quality of both individual and group communication and decision-making.

DISCOVERY MACHINE, INC.
454 Pine Street
Williamsport, PA 17701
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(570) 329-0251
Dr. Todd W. Griffith
DARPA 05-009      Awarded: 10NOV05
Title:Information Delivery and Display for Shared Awareness in the Net Centric Battlespace
Abstract:FORCEnet has provided the Navy with unprecedented connectivity, allowing vast amounts of information to flow through the battlespace. This information, however, must be directed and culled in order to be useful. Formalization of best practices is needed in order to leverage the information quickly and effectively. Here we propose to apply The Discovery MachineT (TDM) and its associated methodology, The Discovery Machine Methodology (TDMM) to capture, formalize, and operationalize the best practices employed by naval personnel in the filtering and dissemination of information across a network centric battlespace. Our proposed solution considers information delivery and awareness as decision support issues, rather than communication issues, and as such focuses on the capture of decision making knowledge from naval experts as crucial to solving information awareness problems. An opportunity exists to address the issues of information delivery and collaboration. By allowing decision makers to more directly affect the development of the tools that they themselves use. We provide an environment that enables experts to define their own information retrieval systems based on their best practices. This same application development environment also facilitates the collaboration between users by enabling the design of custom communications tools.

PERCEPTRONICS SOLUTIONS, INC.
3527 Beverly Glen Blvd.
Sherman Oaks, CA 91423
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(818) 461-9150
Dr. Amos Freedy
DARPA 05-009      Awarded: 26OCT05
Title:Meta-Cognitive Shared Awareness in Collaborative Decision Making
Abstract:This proposal describes a system to support shared awareness of team functions in net-centric collaborative decision making. Our goal is to enhance team decision making by enabling the team to better coordinate its critical team cognitive processes. These processes, which include information exchange, communication, individual initiatives and supporting behavior, depend heavily on properly shared team mental models. Our proposed system will automatically enable the warfighter team to maintain a common shared mental model as well as a shared representation of situational knowledge. This will enhance collaboration, timely exchange of critical knowledge and integration of the dispersed cognitive capabilities into a superior decision making system. We propose to create a team-aware meta-cognitive information support layer composed of collaboration tools that will facilitate the maintenance of shared mental models of team function. Our approach focuses on the integration of three modeling frameworks that have shown strong promise as a means of enhancing the performance of teams and individuals in decisions making under stress: Adaptive User Models for team-aware automated information selection and distribution, Decision Process Models to provide a framework for team workflow management, and Critical Thinking Models to prompt team critical thinking through the facilitation of critical dialogue.

SECURBORATION, INC.
695 Senderling Dr
Indialantic, FL 32903
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(321) 591-9836
Mr. Lee Krause
DARPA 05-009      Awarded: 06DEC05
Title:Information Delivery and Display for Shared Awareness in the Net Centric Battlespace
Abstract:Future military operations will continue to be Joint and Coalition efforts in the 21st century, thus the transformation of data into actionable knowledge and its fusion into a common operational picture is critical for all of our Services and allies. To support commanders faced with this complex problem, Securboration Inc. working closely with Klein Associates is pleased to propose the Sensemaking Common Operational Picture Environment (SCOPE). The focus of this effort is to convert the wealth of information available in FORCEnet into actionable knowledge based on the Sensemaking theory[1] developed by Klein Associates. SCOPE combines an innovative application based on Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA), Sensemaking theory, Ontology modeling, and cognitive science to improve the speed and quality of both individual and group decision-making. In Phase I the Securboration team plans to develop the requirements for SCOPE, an initial architecture to support SCOPE and a proof of concept based on a Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) scenario to validate SCOPE approach.

ARCHINOETICS, LLC
733 Bishop St., Suite 1820
Honolulu, HI 96813
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(808) 221-2131
Dr. J. Hunter Downs III
DARPA 05-010      Awarded: 24OCT05
Title:Evolutionary and Neurobiologically Inspired Computational Platform for Autonomous Vehicle Control
Abstract:Building upon the Edelman's Neural Darwinism and Damasio's brain model, we propose a framework for creating evolutionary and neurobiologically inspired computational platforms for autonomous vehicle control as well as for applications in the arena of ambient intelligence. Additionally, we propose this framework within a larger one that includes sensor and actuator interfaces together with a communications infrastructure for social interaction. Phase I of this project includes the development of a specification for these platforms and the creation of prototype hardware. Phase II proposes an application with a population of these platforms.

INFORMATION SYSTEMS LABORATORIES, INC.
10070 Barnes Canyon Road
San Diego, CA 92121
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(858) 535-9680
Dr. Nikolai Rulkov
DARPA 05-010      Awarded: 29NOV05
Title:Special-Purpose Computing for Neurobiologically Inspired Networks
Abstract:Recent progress in understanding the mechanisms underlying animal behavior has come from the construction biomimetic robots with neural circuit controllers and the analysis of the controller dynamics during interaction with the environment. Such robots have enabled researchers to quickly experimentally test hypotheses and develop new thoeries. What is presently needed is the capability to construct more complex control networks and understand their operation in a vehicle. We propose to develop a control system for an undulatory robot based on the simple nervous system of the lamprey. We have developed physiological models of various types of neurons and synapses that are implemented in the form of a difference equations. These models can be combined to produce very realistic patterns of spiking and bursting activity of individual neurons. The models are simple enough both to reveal the underlying dynamical mechanisms and to build a network controller within a microprocessor. We will apply the models to replicate the behavior of a simple electronic nervous system that can operate in real time. Using numerical simulations we will establish the mechanisms and patterns which enable diving, climbing, turning, avoiding obstacles, rheotaxis, and swimming in a fixed direction.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center
Andover, MA 01810
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(978) 689-0003
Dr. Edward A. Rietman
DARPA 05-010      Selected for Award
Title:Oscillatory Neuromorphic Computing for Robotics
Abstract:Physical Sciences Inc. proposes to develop an oscillator-based neurocomputer for associative memory and sensor fusion. The oscillatory-neurocomputer exploits the properties of nonlinear oscillators to form Central Pattern Generators (CPGs). CPGs are common elements throughout the entire nervous system. Investigators have already started to use silicon central pattern generators for small-scale sensor fusion and direct control of robots. No one has yet examined the use of CPGs as computational elements to build scalable neuromorphic systems. In contrast to competing approaches which typically require n-squared programmable connections and therefore do not scale well to large real-world problems, these systems require only order n connections and the sensing elements feed directly into the network to change the connection. Dynamic changes in the sensors or actuators (e.g. motor drive current) automatically change the dynamics of the network. Our Phase I research will focus on mapping the detailed dynamics of small-scale hardware networks of CPGs with the objective of using them as components for building larger neuromorphic systems for controlling real-world processes. In Phase II we propose to integrate our neuromorphic computational engine with a mobile robot.

AFCO SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT, INC.
200 Finn Court
Farmingdale, NY 11735
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(631) 424-3935
Mr. Godfrey Vassallo
DARPA 05-011      Awarded: 29NOV05
Title:Embedded Capability-Based Operating Systems
Abstract:Commercial and Military embedded systems are lacking security properties as demonstrated by the increase in system failures and service disruptions. These breaches are caused by the inability of the operating system to recognize and/or prevent intrusion by unauthorized agents. A family of reliable operating systems (EROS) has been developed and has been recognized by DARPA as a way of solving these problems. The study identifies key tasks involved in accomplishing the OS port and evaluates its probability of success. A major innovation introduced by the ASD team is the use of a bootstrap architecture that guarantees the integrity of the system while adding another layer of security. As part of its commercialization plan, ASD has already interested one of its customers in enhancing the security capability of their sensor network. AFCO Systems Development (ASD) will provide convincing evidence that EROS can be ported to an embedded computer. The EROS family of systems was selected for this purpose because of their capability-based properties and acceptance by DARPA. The team assembled to accomplish this effort is eminently qualified because of its intimate knowledge of EROS, its derivatives, their experience in designing embedded systems, and their innovative approach.

STRAWBERRY DEVELOPMENT GROUP
2533 N Carson St Ste 5494
Carson City, NV 89706
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(530) 292-3105
Mr. Charles Landau
DARPA 05-011      Awarded: 25OCT05
Title:Demonstration of an Embedded Capability-Based Operating System
Abstract:We propose to study the feasibility of demonstrating a capability-based operating system running a home control application on an embedded processing platform. Capability-based systems have documented advantages in security and reliability, but no commercial system is available for an embedded processor. Some embedded processors raise issues such as cache coherency that present challenges for a capability-based system where flexible sharing is the norm. By porting an existing code base, we expect to quickly develop a system to study. The demonstration will include software for a home automation system which will monitor the home, control lighting, audio/video, HVAC, security, and other systems, and manage resources. This application will demonstrate the robustness of the system, its performance parameters, its ability to interface to a variety of sensors and actuators, its ability to reliably and securely integrate software from many different sources, and its ability to communicate with users of various levels of trust. These characteristics are all of value in military and other commercial applications. The feasibility study will focus on performance and manageability of the system, both being areas in which questions remain about capability-based systems.

VIOSOFT CORP.
2959 S. Winchester Blvd., Suite 203A
Campbell, CA 95008
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(408) 341-1015
Mr. Hieu T. Tran
DARPA 05-011      Awarded: 09NOV05
Title:Leros - A Capability-Based Extension to Embedded Linux
Abstract:Viosoft will prepare a feasibility study for Leros; a capability-based extension to the Linux operating systems which we plan to develop to provide access to embedded system resources via unforgeable capabilities. We will describe the methods Leros uses to establish confinement boundary within the non-trusted Linux operating system, and analyze the feasibility of such methods against the resource constraints of typical embedded systems. We will describe methods to implement the software components required to support the operation of a single Leros application on a typical embedded platform. These components will consist of the Leros Memory Manager that prepares capabilities and translates Leros address space, and a Leros Persistence Manager that provides transparent persistence to objects in the Leros address space. We will provide feasibility study of these components, and analyze the consequences of providing persistence and check-pointing services using flash memory instead of disk. Finally, we will describe the overall impact on the confinement properties of Leros processes when they execute on non-trusted operating systems such as Linux. The proposed work in Phase I of our proposal lends itself well to the requirements of Phase II and beyond, wherein we will propose the implementation of a prototype of Leros components necessary to demonstrate a single Leros application providing services to remote clients over USB port. The underlying efforts, when successfully implemented and commercially deployed, will play significant roles in improving the reliability and security for a wide range of embedded systems in the military domains.

AFRAME DIGITAL, LLC
40272 Hiddenheights Ln
Lovettsville, VA 20180
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(919) 426-7005
Mrs. Linda Bonanno
DARPA 05-012      Awarded: 26OCT05
Title:Non-Intrusive Health Monitoring for Post-Battle Wellness Management
Abstract:This proposal is fully responsive to DARPA topic SB052-012. It provides research toward an innovative non-intrusive health monitoring system for military personnel recovering from combat injuries. The proposed approach will collect and analyze real time data of vital signs, patient activity, fall acceleration and location parameters to detect deviations from learned norms, from modelled expectations, and to make predictive determinations. The research will be conducted with experts in military medical care and the VCU Medical/NASA biosensor team to evaluate the efficacy of intelligent software approaches to "trip-wire" monitoring of a recovering patient. The commercialized system will work across all echelons of military medical care from noisy evacuation transports to stateside medical facilities and even the soldier's home. It will meet HIPAA and DOD privacy and security guidelines. The technical vision includes small wireless non-intrusive wearable sensors of socially acceptable form factors, secure wireless networks, intelligent analysis software, displays for medical personnel, and interfaces to medical record systems. It will be a highly flexible and scalable standards-based platform to accomodate likely advances in miniaturized epidermal, implantable and swallowable medical sensors, patient activity sensing, and evaluative software.

BARRON ASSOC., INC.
1410 Sachem Place, Suite 202
Charlottesville, VA 22901
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(434) 973-1215
Mr. Aaron B. Olowin
DARPA 05-012      Awarded: 26OCT05
Title:Health-Related Quality of Life Tracking for Post-Battle Wellness Management
Abstract:There is a recognized need to monitor the medical condition (i.e., physical and mental health) of soldiers and veterans recovering from battle-related injuries to detect problems with their recuperation. In particular, a low-cost, noninvasive "trip-wire" system is required that functions as a safety net, detecting when assistance or intervention is needed and issuing advisories to health care providers concerning significant changes in important medical indicators, such as decreases in mobility. These capabilities are important to all recovering soldiers and veterans, especially those who live alone. The classic and most accepted method for assessing the physical and mental health condition of an individual is administration of a psychometric health survey (questionnaire) to evaluate their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Barron Associates and the University of Virginia Health System propose developing the QualTrak system, a novel, low-cost, unobtrusive, and automated method for monitoring, evaluating, and reporting changes (both negative and positive) in Soldiers' HRQOL. The basic concept will be rigorously demonstrated in the Phase I effort by statistically testing QualTrak's predictive utility against the validated Short Form-36 (SF-36) Health Survey (Version 2.0).

ERALLO TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
20 Taylor Street
Littleton, MA 01460
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(978) 884-8199
Mr. Rajan Zambre
DARPA 05-012      Awarded: 01NOV05
Title:Intelligent, Wireless, Agent-based Health Monitoring Network for PTSD and Alcohol
Abstract:Erallo proposes to design a multi-agent, service orientated software and hardware architecture for remote wireless sensor monitoring and data processing. The architecture will combine the best aspects of different architectures, including Wireless Sensor Networks, Mobile Multi Agent strategies, Service Orientated Architectures, Artificial Intelligence and Multi Sensor Data Fusion techniques to accomplish a modular, flexibility and efficient platform that can deploy a wide range of sensor monitoring applications. In parallel with the architectural design, we will design and specify a prototype application. This dual approach will promote the solid design of a architecture that assimilates the needs of applications into the core of its framework. The prototype application will incorporate three sensors that Erallo has worked with previously, including a wireless transdermal alcohol sensor, heart rate monitor and accelerometer. Erallo also proposes to conduct a limited clinical trial at the end of Phase I using the 3 sensor devices to demonstration the feasibility and operations of a wireless sensor network system with automatic daily data transmission. The trial will collect data that can be used in the knowledge base for the PTSD application being designed in Phase I and planned for trial in Phase II.

21ST CENTURY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
4515 Seton Center Parkway, Suite 320
Austin, TX 78759
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(512) 342-0010
Dr. Arthur Keen
DARPA 05-013      Awarded: 31OCT05
Title:Comprehensive, Advanced Vulnerability of Infrastructure Assessment Tool (CAVIAT)
Abstract:21st Century Technologies, Inc. (21CT), leveraging our expertise and experience in graph-based pattern matching, threat/vulnerability assessment and our team of experts propose CAVIAT, a Comprehensive and Advanced Vulnerability of Infrastructure Assessment Tool. CAVIAT is an intelligent agent based architecture that will produce a truly innovative, next generation DoD technology to improve the ability to rapidly capture, assess, reason, and generate alerts about threats and vulnerabilities for highly inter-related military infrastructures. CAVIAT is based on integrating agent-based reasoning with 21CT's proven expertise in graph pattern matching-a unique innovation of distributed, hierarchical, exact and inexact graph pattern matching. In this representation, a graph represents threat and vulnerability knowledge of military installations and a graph pattern represents hypotheses of threats and vulnerabilities associated with a certain type of military infrastructure. A matched pattern represents an actual threat or vulnerability associated with a set of military infrastructures. Agent-based reasoning technologies assess and reason about the threat or vulnerability by analyzing context of the matched pattern in the context of the graph. Knowledge capture will be performed using Prot‚g‚, an ontology capture editor, developed by Stanford University. Additional infrastructure relationships and ontological information will be modeled using graph-based representations. __________________________________________________ ______________

ADVENTIUM ENTERPRISES, LLC
111 Third Ave. S., Suite 100
Minneapolis, MN 55401
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(651) 295-7126
Mr. Todd Carpenter
DARPA 05-013      Awarded: 25OCT05
Title:Vulnerabilty Assessment and Prioritization Methodology (VAPM)
Abstract:This project will develop and deploy a comprehensive force protection vulnerability analysis process that accommodates diverse and large geographic areas, public events, infrastructure interdependencies, attacker goals, means, and methods, and defender priorities. This process will be based on the Vulnerability Assessment and Prioritization Methodology (VAPM) originally developed and applied to domestic homeland security assessments. While VAPM addresses the issues identified by DARPA, it currently requires significant effort by diverse subject matter experts to drive the process, capture the data, analyze results, and develop recommendations. Automated reasoning support of the cognitive tasks required to apply VAPM is necessary to facilitate more widespread utilization, reduce workload, thereby enabling robust, actionable predictive intelligence for threat avoidance and mitigation. Phase I will produce a detailed design to make VAPM less human expert intensive and facilitate its deployment across military bases and provide a proof-of-concept demonstration. Feasibility of the design and results will be evaluated by military personnel.

ON TARGET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
107 Elise Place
Yorktown, VA 23693
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(541) 543-4216
Dr. Brian Drabble
DARPA 05-013      Awarded: 20OCT05
Title:Automated, Adaptive Vulnerability Assessment Tools
Abstract:This effort brings together the proven resource allocation capabilities of On Target Technologies a small veteran-owned business with their "state of the art" cross dependency target systems analysis (TSA) technology. We propose a proof of principle effort that will combine several proven models: Barlow's model of horizontal cross-dependency with weighting, Warden's model of vertical cross-dependency and their fusion into the WARLOW-McCrabb model of target vulnerabilities, capabilities and requirements.

BENTHOS, INC.
49 Edgerton Drive
North Falmouth, MA 02556
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(508) 563-1000
Mr. Dale Green
DARPA 05-014      Awarded: 25OCT05
Title:Distributed Collaborative Planning and Control for Undersea Surveillance using Swarms of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
Abstract:The Navy is just beginning the development of concepts of operations (CONOPS) for using large numbers of undersea vehicles and sensors in autonomous, collaborative networks designed to conduct ASW, mine hunting, harbor and Fleet defense, and environmental sensing. There are many constraints on network performance, some due to physics, some to the current state-of-the-art in various technologies. For purposes of this proposal, we consider the issues of physics and modem capabilities and the impact those have on network design and utilization. The discussion of physics is familiar, with the limitations imposed on the performance of acoustic communications reasonably well documented and understood. On the other hand, these physical issues have always been addressed in terms of the limitations imposed by current modem technology, particularly half duplex links and compromise between the desire for asynchronous multi-access and the need for dedicated channels to convey large amounts of data. This proposal recognizes the advent of new technology which will materially affect CONOPS considerations. Among the anticipated enhancements to modem technology are the design and construction of a single modem able to function simultaneously in two distinct frequency bands. From a conceptual point of view, this will permit us to, for example, restrict one channel to a low data rate, very robust command and control (C2) channel to be used in an asynchronous, multi-access mode by multiple platforms. At the same time, the second channel might be controlled for dedicated high data rate telemetry. This proposal address the CONOPS implications of these technological advances.

IRI COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS CORP.
11950 San Vicente Blvd, Suite #102
Los Angeles, CA 90049
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(310) 260-1034
Dr. Izhak Rubin
DARPA 05-014      Awarded: 24OCT05
Title:Distributed Collaborative Planning and Control for Undersea Surveillance using Swarms of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
Abstract:We propose to develop and analyze ad hoc wireless networks that employ a mobile backbone network (MBN) based architecture for undersea surveillance systems that are configured by the use of underwater unmanned vehicles (UUVs). We will introduce new techniques for the effective use of UUVs in these architectures to make the ad hoc wireless network dynamically self-configurable, in supporting multimedia flows under quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees, and offering high levels of robustness. Our network configuration and QoS-routing operations rapidly adapt to detected threat scenarios by dynamically locating UUVs and routing message flows spatially and temporally in accordance with the specified measures of mission effectiveness. We will develop backbone synthesis, UUV positioning and Q0S-routing algorithms that effectively utilize the highly limited communications capacity assets, the limited energy resources, the underlying link induced high propagation delays and the dispersive nature of the undersea communications channels, in a scalable fashion. We will develop an extended IRI MBNP_Sense faster-than-real-time prototype simulator to evaluate and control the UUV based network, and navigate UUVs to optimal positions to best attain system performance. The efficiency and scalability of our techniques will be proven for large networks under a multitude of surveillance scenarios, network structures and mission objectives.

SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS CO., INC.
500 West Cummings Park - Ste 3000
Woburn, MA 01801
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(781) 933-5355
Dr. Jovan D. Boskovic
DARPA 05-014      Awarded: 18OCT05
Title:Distributed Collaborative Planning and Control for Undersea Surveillance using Swarms of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
Abstract:SSCI proposes to develop an efficient Decentralized Interception System (DIS) for a Collaborative Networked Autonomous Vehicles (CNAV). The DIS will include tasks such as the vehicle assigmnents for interception based on the overall probability of interception, and vehicle reallocation and repositioning for subsequent target interception. The key aspect of the proposed approach is the the definition of the corresponding performance criteria, and the vehicle repositioning based on the Reachable Set computation. The performance of the DIS will be tested on a high-fidelity simulation of a target intercept scenario. The specific tasks that will be performed during Phase I include: (i) Problem formulation and DIS architecture development; (ii) Development of DIS; and (iii) Test and performance evaluation through simulation. Phase II will focus on algorithm enhancement, performance evaluation through high-fidelity simulations, and Phase II transition plans. SSCI will work closely with CNAV prime contractors to implement and transition the results of this SBIR effort.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP.
Suite A, 75 Aero Camino
Goleta, CA 93117
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(805) 968-6787
Mr. Patrick A. Toole
DARPA 05-014      Awarded: 24OCT05
Title:Distributed Collaborative Planning and Control for Undersea Surveillance using Swarms of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
Abstract:Toyon Research Corporation, together with the University of California at Santa Barbara (UCSB) and Nautronix MariPro Corporation, proposes to develop autonomy algorithms which will transform a set of independent underwater vehicles (AUVs) into a collaborating swarm of AUVs that work together to respond to underwater threats. The paper describes the autonomy, as demonstrated as part of the Toyon CAATS seedling demonstration, from which swarm behavior emerges as each node contributes and forwards information deemed pertinent to other nodes. We describe the hierarchical autonomy structure and the overall guiding principles for achieving mission success in the dynamic noisy, shallow water environment. We describe the localization algorithm appropriate for swarming agents amid the multi-path acoustic propagation inherent to littoral regions. We present the fusion and tracking algorithms best suited for the sensor measurements (bearings-only, time-of-closest-approach) and noisy environment. We also describe the simulation tool used to develop the autonomy algorithms. Finally, we present preliminary simulation results showing the projected performance of a swarm endowed with the algorithms described herein. Toyon, UCSB, and Nautronix MariPro are ideally suited for this research and development effort and have extensive experience in sensor systems, networking, tracking, localization, and underwater acoustic communications and detection systems.

METROLASER, INC.
2572 White Road
Irvine, CA 92614
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(949) 553-0688
Dr. Vladimir Markov
DARPA 05-015      Awarded: 06DEC05
Title:Aspect-Based 3D Multiplex Holographic Display With Real-Time Refresh
Abstract:With the increasing importance of military operations in urban terrain (MOUT), the need to visualize the complex 3D structure of urban areas for tactical engagements has become increasingly critical. To achieve this goal, DARPA has issued a request for a high performance 3D display for the representation of urban environments. In response to this need, MetroLaser, Inc. proposes the aspects from points (AFP) display system, which will provide for multiple viewer 3D displays incorporating real-time full color imagery. The AFP display system is based upon the novel use of a faceted holographic optical element (HOE) to redirect and compose a multiplicity of 2D images into a single 3D scene with look-around capability. In order to provide the 2D imagery, the AFP system employs the multiple temporally multiplexed projection elements that are subsequently spatially multiplexed by the HOE. With this innovative approach, the bandwidth issues of temporal multiplexing and the bulk, cost, and crosstalk issues associated with purely spatial multiplexing are avoided. To render the necessary imagery for the AFP display system, a distributed real time rendering approach will be employed, which is well-suited to the multiple projection elements of the display.

STELLAR MICRO DEVICES
2020 Centimeter Circle
Austin, TX 78758
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(512) 997-7782
Dr. Leonid Karpov
DARPA 05-015      Awarded: 02DEC05
Title:Stacked Emissive 3D Display
Abstract:A novel Stacked Emissive 3D Display (SE3D) uses additive multi-planar imaging to present full 3D images. The first version will have several planes of semi-transparent cathodoluminescent display layers in the same overall thickness as an LCD. SE3D will be freely programmable to present visualizations and full motion video in gradations from 2D to full 3D depending on how much content is available on scene depth.

APPLIED RADAR, INC.
210 Airport Street, Quonset Point
North Kingstown, RI 02852
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(401) 295-0062
Dr. William H. Weedon
DARPA 05-016      Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:Active RF Circulators
Abstract:Applied Radar Inc. proposes the development of active MMIC-based circulators in order to achieve high isolation between transmit and receive paths for simultaneous transmit and receive (STAR) phased-array radar system architectures. This technology will enable increased persistence in intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) systems and allow multiple simultaneous radar modes including SAR, GMTI and AMTI. The different pulse widths required by these various radar modes often precludes simultaneous multi-mode radar operation. Previous work in active MMIC circulators in the early 1990's demonstrated the concept of active circulator, but did not achieve the required performance. Recent advances in chip-level RF modeling, advances in device processes and new materials such as SiGe, GaN, and SiC show promise of achieving an active circulator with up to 40 dB of T/R isolation with less than 0.5 dB of loss, while handling 1 Watt or more of CW power. There is also a growing trend towards the integration of multiple RF components in a single chip. The development of a high-performance MMIC-based circulator will enable system-on-a-chip architectures, enabling increased phased-array functionality, while reducing size and cost.

CIRCULATION, INC.
74 North Street
Danvers, MA 01923
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(781) 784-7770
Dr. Vincent Harris
DARPA 05-016      Selected for Award
Title:Broadband Self-Biased Ferrire-Coupled-Line Circulators Operating at X-band Frequencies
Abstract:We propose a new approach to microwave circulator design the employs self biased magnetization-in-plane ferrite materials in a coupled line geometry. In Phase 1 we will identify and optimize concepts based on the self biased ferrite oupled line circulators. Optimization will include simulations based on different line dimensions, line spacings amd coupled meandering line configurations.

FROST COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
5901 Montrose Road, Suite S-1300
Rockville, MD 20852
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(301) 984-8722
Mr. Edward G. Frost
DARPA 05-019      Awarded: 23NOV05
Title:Robust Communications
Abstract:The proposed technology coined the Frost Secure Waveform (FSW), unlike prior methodology, secures the RF carrier itself, Layer-1 of the OSI Reference Model, as a discrete transmission element, as opposed to the information it carries. The signal becomes part of the GWN rendering it almost invisible to all except the intended communicants and even if detected, is extremely difficult to acquire. The modulation scheme and bandwidth transparent technology takes advantage of maturing DSP, FPGA and extremely accurate miniaturized, low power, timing oscillator technology making highly secure LPD-LPI-AJ possible for UCAVs and at all DoD equipment levels from fixed plant through personal hand held equipment. The technology provides increased signal orthogonality, permitting multiple FSW and other signals to coexist in the same spectral and physical locations. The FSW is capable of restricting communicants' operating locations and providing network element location information in mobile environments. LPD-LPI-AJ algorithm keys need never be exchanged over the air. One-time based keys are unique for each communication. The FSW is protocol, encryption and information transparent and may be used transmission facility for dynamic, wideband, high speed, self configuring networks. When integrated with eXOS Systems Coherent Informatics networking software, it will be full J-UCAS COS compliant.

SAN DIEGO RESEARCH CENTER, INC.
6885 Flanders Drive, Suite A
San Diego, CA 92121
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(858) 623-9424
Dr. Bo Ryu
DARPA 05-019      Awarded: 12DEC05
Title:Robust Communications for Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles (RC-UCAV)
Abstract:Robust communication is a reliable, available, mission-aware, and survivable networked-communication links capable of withstanding attempts by enemy to detect, disrupt or intercept communication signals. Small groups of networked Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles (UCAVs), such as Joint Unmanned Combat Air Systems (J-UCAS), require robust communications to successfully engage in missions such as cooperative target search, acquisition, and tracking, suppression of Enemy Air Defense (SEAD), cooperative attack, persistent Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR), Electronic Attack (EA), and other broader range of tactical combat missions. The fundamental component for such cooperative operations is autonomous, mission-driven communication among themselves with high stability and in LPD/LPI/LPE environments. SDRC RC-UCAV solutions efficiently integrate and optimize the following four innovative features: (i) SDRC's high-frequency multimode modem capable of operating at negative signal-to-noise ratio; (ii) steerable, narrow-beam directional antenna with associated adaptive networking protocols; (iii) free-space optics (FSO) in addition to (i) and (ii), yielding hybrid FSO/RF system through the Link Monitoring Controller (LMC) integration; and (iv) tight coupling between communication parameter control and mission execution/planning. During Phase 1, SDRC will conduct a thorough comparative study and simulations between RF and hybrid RF and FSO networks to quantitatively measure UCAV network robustness for Phase 2 consideration.

SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS CO., INC.
500 West Cummings Park - Ste 3000
Woburn, MA 01801
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(781) 933-5355
Dr. Joao B. D. Cabrera
DARPA 05-019      Awarded: 08NOV05
Title:Robust and Stealthy Networking Technologies for Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles
Abstract:Networks of Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles (UCAVs) are expected to operate with increasing levels of autonomy to fulfill complex missions with minimal human intervention. From a networking point of view, the ensemble of UCAVs form a Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) with special characteristics. The overall objective of the effort (Phase I and Phase II) is to produce the Networked UCAV Robustness&Stealthiness (R&S) Balancing suite of waveforms (understood here as a collection of cross-layer protocols) which will make explicit use of the peculiarities of MANETs involving UCAVs. Tactical operations involving UCAVs are intrinsically stealthy, translating into the need for operating with the lowest possible transmission power. This has serious consequences for connectivity, as low transmission power limits the range of inter node links for multihop routing, which in its turn increases the probability of network partitioning. The Networked UCAV R&S Balancing suite of waveforms is produced by formally addressing the trade-off between connectivity and stealthiness as an optimization problem with node-dependent constraints. The protocol suite will also include provisions for nodes to operate in a purely passive mode for covert data exfiltration, as well as provisions for multi-path routing for minimizing probability of packet interception. The resulting protocol suite will utilize the Hazy-Sighted Link State (HSLS) dissemination scheme for distributing node connectivity and profiles. BBN Technologies will be a subcontractor in the effort, providing expertise in communication technologies and support for prototype development in Phase II.

SPERIENT, INC.
1813 Rutan Drive
Livermore, CA 94551
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(925) 447-3333
Mr. E. Tom Rosenbury
DARPA 05-020      Awarded: 01DEC05
Title:Chip-Scale Technologies for Giga-band Signals
Abstract:Wireless micro-systems have the potential to operate with Gigabits of information without power-hungry components associated with conventional narrowband carrier technologies. These systems will have fewer components, cost less and operate with better performance than can be imagined with today's technology. Giga-band technology is barely in its infancy, yet interesting state-of-the-art solutions based on Giga-band's precursors have already been shown great success in demonstrations for DARPA, SOCOM, TLA's and other DoD agencies. To realize the potential of Giga-band microchip solutions, several new tools and techniques will be needed. Zero-bias amplifiers, delay lines and on-chip pulse generation tools and techniques will be investigated.

TIALINX, INC.
8 Halley
Irvine, CA 92612
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(949) 285-6255
Dr. FRED MOHAMADI
DARPA 05-020      Awarded: 03NOV05
Title:Chip-Scale Technologies for Giga-band Signals
Abstract:Ultra-wideband pulse position modulation operating at extreme frequencies is becoming very attractive for Giga-band signaling applications. Radio communication systems using Giga-band signals will not only be more efficient in use of the spectrum, but will also be more difficult to detect and jam. In response to SBIR solicitation SB052-020, a novel phase shifter circuit is being proposed as a discrete element of a UWB PPM system or a cell block of active devices for wafer scale antenna array module.

AGUILA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
310 Via Vera Cruz, Suite 107, Suite 107
San Marcos, CA 92078
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(760) 752-1199
Mr. M. Albert Capote
DARPA 05-021      Selected for Award
Title:High-Speed Interconnects Over Copper Traces
Abstract:As technology trends towards higher system data rates with reduced size and cost, the ability to create high-speed electrical interconnections at low cost is becoming critical. High-speed I/O, integrated along with high I/O parallellicity, is allowing interconnects to achieve over 1Tb/s of total chip-to-chip data rates. These rates are on a rapid upward trend, increasing at a rate of about 20% per year. As this trend continues, chips with many hundreds of parallel 20 Gb/s I/Os will be on the scene within the next five years. In order to compensate for the inadequacies of the inter-connect technologies, chip manufacturers are integrating low-jitter clock circuits, adaptive equali-zation and multilevel signaling into chip I/O. However, the high non-recurring costs involved in such approaches can only be afforded by the highest volume applications. Using commercial materials and printed circuit manufacturing methods, this proposed program will develop an inex-pensive technology for increasing the bandwidth of copper traces on printed circuits. The ap-proach involves using novel networks to optimize each data channel at the design stage using conventional design tools. Our techniques will permit creation of copper-clad printed circuits using conventional materials, such as FR4, yet support single channel data rates in excess of 10Gb/s.

BANPIL PHOTONICS, INC.
2953 Bunker Hill Lane, Suite 400
Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(408) 282-3628
Dr. Achyut K. Dutta
DARPA 05-021      Awarded: 12DEC05
Title:High-Speed Metallic Interconnects Technology
Abstract:With the continued growth in the integration density of CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) technology and clock frequency of microprocessors, the aggregate bandwidth required between future-generation microprocessors and chipsets will increase sharply. Driving serial or parallel data at high speed over copper on FR4 based printed circuit boards (PCBs) is becoming a severe design constraint. This limits the signal carrying capacity significantly for a given channel length. Innovative high-speed electrical off-chip interconnects technology is highly desirable, which can reduce the disparity between off-chip and on-chip signal carrying capacity in cost-effective and reliable ways. We propose an innovative cost-effective high speed (> 20Gb/s per channel) FR4 based electrical (metallic) interconnect technology, which can increase the signal carrying capacity of the board-level interconnects more than 6 times than the conventional FR4 technology. During Phase I, we propose to carry out: (i) identifying system applications where high speed metallic interconnects can be used, (ii) design and model the proposed metallic interconnects and simulate their performances, (iii) investigate the high-speed chips capable to handle over 10 Gb/s per channel and design the interfaces and circuitry for board demonstration, (iv) build the board with high speed chip attached, and test the performances, and (v) analyze and optimize the design. Details structure simulation, design optimization, and board demonstration, done in Phase II, can be connected to Phase II work. We will focus primarily on manufactruring technology development for more than 8 layers FR4-PCB buildup and demonstrate prototype with multiple chips attached in Phase-II.

IRVINE SENSORS CORP.
3001 Redhill Avenue, Building #3-108
Costa Mesa, CA 92626
Phone:
PI:
Topic#:
(714) 444-8715
Dr. Volkan Ozguz
DARPA 05-022      Awarded: 22NOV05
Title:Trust Enabling Stacking Technology
Abstract:Irvine Sensors Corporation (ISC) proposes to develop a stacked-chip solution to allow the creation of fully trustable integrated circuits starting from non-trusted components. Our approach combines a "trust-enabler" stacked module, designed and fabricated in a "trusted foundry" that monitors every activity of the non-trusted component and provides a safety agent for the surrounding critical system. From a system viewpoint, the system designer can use the proposed module as a "trustable" single chip, both in physical sense (e.g. packaging size, footprint, IO interface) and in logical sense (level of IO signals, data rates). One (or few) standard trust-enabler stack