| CORNERSTONE RESEARCH GROUP, INC.
2750 Indian Ripple Rd. Dayton, OH 45440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 320-1877
Matthew C Everhart MDA 05-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Fail-Safe Thermal Activation Components for Insensitive Munitions |
| Abstract: | Cornerstone Research Group, Inc. (CRG), proposes the development of heat-activated pressure venting mechanisms actuated by shape memory polymers (SMP) as a means for meeting insensitive munitions (IM) requirements for ammunition containers. SMP composite materials provide the same strength as conventional composites at normal operating temperatures. However, at a threshold activation temperature, these novel materials soften to a controlled modulus of elasticity and thereby allow a predictable deformation under load. Upon cooling below the activation temperature, the material reverts to its original strength, but retains the new shape to which it deformed while soft. SMP-actuated pressure venting mechanisms coupled with conventional ammunition containers will provide failsafe venting during fast and slow cook-offs. Also, the development of these pressure venting mechanisms will offer the ability to produce non-electronic temperature monitoring systems. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Dr. Ana Racoveanu MDA 05-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Developing Insensitive Munitions Technology for Missile Defense |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) and its team member, Aerojet, propose to evaluate Insensitive Munitions (IM) compliant propellants for large diameter SRMs by using a novel energetic mixed furazan plasticizer with low sensitivity, good energy and good density. It is recognized that "energy compartmentalization" is critical to reducing the response of energetic propellants to unplanned stimuli. This plasticizer is expected to be superior to current plasticizers (e.g. Butyl NENA) in that it does not contain a thermally unstable nitrato group and shock sensitive nitramine group, but does contain the favorable nitrofurazan group. The proposed nitrofurazan plasticizer will impart better propellant IM response through the reduction in propensity for fuel fire, shock or bullet/frag ignition. PSI will provide Aerojet with 25 grams of the nitrofurazan for testing by Small Scale Gap Test and Calorimetry. On a potential Phase II program, PSI will scale-up the synthesis and Aerojet will formulate the plasticizer in a propellant mixture and provide more thorough propellant characterization. PSI and Aerojet will show a path to the nitrofurazan commercial manufacture. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Dr. Bryan V. Bergeron MDA 05-001 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Insensitive Nanomaterial-Impregnated Solid Rocket Propellant |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop and test new solid rocket propellant formulations that incorporate innovative oxidizer/fuel nanocomposites in binders. The energy release rates of the highly exothermic nanocomposite reactions will be increased due to the intimate contact between the fuel and oxidizer particles at nanoscale dimensions. The particle size and size distribution will be measured and found to be homogeneous throughout the samples. These nanocomposites will be mixed with various binders and standard additives to increase propulsion performance. Reaction mixtures will be combusted in a nitrogen environment and the pressure and temperature responses will be measured. The materials will be tested for impact and friction sensitivity. In Phase II, new ingredients will be synthesized, characterized, incorporated within formulations, modeled, and combusted to meet or exceed current IM test criteria. |
| CAE-NET
1033 Third Avenue SW, Suite 210 Carmel, IN 46032 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(317) 496-2884
Dr. Josh Nema MDA 05-002 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Developing New Insensitive Munitions Packaging Solutions for Missile Defense |
| Abstract: | Dr. Nema, Principal Investigator for this proposal, is currently working on a smaller diameter project for DoD. We are working on Torpedoes, Missiles, and lunch tubes which have failed the DoD codes for fast cook off, slow cook off, 50 caliber high speed bullet penetration, and fragment impact. We have made considerable progress through use of Modeling and Simulation tools such as LS-DYNA, ANSYS Multi-Physics and the INERTIA Engineering System. INERTIA Multi-physics Engineering system has been developed by Dr. Nema during the last 18 years. He is also teaching modeling, simulation, and applied finite element analysis at Indiana University, Purdue University-Indianapolis(IUPUI). Our current applied research is focused on exactly the same IM compliance such as STANAG 4375, STANAG 4396, STANAG 4439, STANAG 4382, STANAG 4241, MIL-STD-2105, and MIL-STD-2105B. The objective of this program is to develop innovative insensitive munitions packaging concepts to protect solid rocket motors (SRM) greater then 12 inches in diameter or greater from unplanned stimuli such as heat, shock and bullet/fragment impact. Our current simulation models show that bullet and fragment temperatures are higher that propellant igniting temperature. We have also found out that due to current highly conductive material used in SRMs, inside temperature is higher that igniting temperature of propellant due to high rate of fast cook off radiation force and high conductive properties. SRMs react to fire flame fast cook off and oven slow cook off. Technical objective of this proposal is to continue our Anti-Ballistic anti radiation applied research for greater than six inch missiles, lunch tubes and gas generators. We are simulating a special polymer-ceramic- fabric composite structure as protective container for four missiles containers. Are initial results for six inch tubes are very good. |
| LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC.
2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 552-5128
Dr. Aaron Small MDA 05-002 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Flame Retardant Ballistic Materials for Missile Defense |
| Abstract: | Missile defense systems are now required to conform to the insensitive munitions requirements of MIL STD 2105C. Meeting such requirements in the ballistic missile defense system will require a layered approach involving modified shipping containers and canisters, improvements in solid rocket motor casings, and less sensitive solid rocket propellant. For mobile defense systems deployed in forward positions (such as PAC-3 and THAAD), it is particularly useful to address the container/canister since any improvements made to meet MIL STD 2105C will also prolong the field life of systems exposed to incoming fire. In the case of PAC-3, the canister is the shipping container. In the case of THAAD, it is field transported in a MRP. As such, weight is of key concern in both systems. Luna Innovations will examine lightweight, flame retardant ballistic laminates as well as potential design modifications to existing canisters that will mitigate thermal and ballistic threats. |
| MECHANICAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
11 Apollo Drive Whippany, NJ 07981 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(973) 326-9920
Mr. Keith B. Olasin MDA 05-002 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Developing New Insensitive Munitions Packaging Solutions for Missile Defense |
| Abstract: | Driven partly by a succession of catastrophic accidents, the U.S. armed services began insensitive munitions (IM) technology development some time ago. However, most of these efforts to date, including new packaging technologies, have focused on tactical applications such as bombs, small missiles, and tank ammunition, and have effectively left the large solid-fueled rocket IM state-of-the-art dangerously far behind. Mechanical Solutions, Inc.'s (MSI) proposed project will develop a system of complimentary mechanical designs that will bring IM technology to large solid rocket motor (SRM) packaging. Generally the most common IM threat to large SRMs is unplanned thermal energy input from sources such as external fires or from the friction of penetrating bullets and projectiles, which can cause the propellant to auto-ignite. MSI's IM packaging system will consist of simple, reliable, shape memory alloy activated vents located strategically to eliminate confinement, a layer of light weight syntactic foam to provide substantial impact energy absorption and thermal insulation, an outer ballistic layer for additional high velocity fragment impact protection, and an internal solid lubricant transfer system to reduce friction heat energy if projectile penetration of the SRM occurs. These individual threat-optimized IM technologies will function together to create a comprehensive IM packaging system. |
| V SYSTEM COMPOSITES/DR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
1015 E. Discovery Lane Anaheim, CA 92801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 619-8560
Mr. Scott Holmes MDA 05-002 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Integrated Composite Armor and Structure for Lightweight Shipping Containers and Launch Canisters for Ballistic Impact Protection of Interceptor Solid Rocket Motors ( PVSC05-055) |
| Abstract: | Missile solid rocket motors (SRMs) are vulnerable to small arms fire and blast fragments that may penetrate the missile motor case during transportation and deployment, resulting in potential loss of the launcher, launcher crew and complement of missiles. The challenges is to provide a low cost and lightweight armor solution that will protect the shipping containers and missile launch canisters from small arms fire and blast fragment threats while meeting insensitive munitions (IM) criteria. The VSC Team proposes an innovative, low cost and producible integrated armor and composite structure packaging solution that mitigates IM threats for large diameter SRMs by improving ballistic protection. This innovative IM packaging solution uses V System Composites (VSC) HyPerSHIELD ballistic protection concept coupled with the HyPerVARTMr composite manufacturing process for building large, affordable unitized structures with aerospace level quality. In Phase I, feasibility of these IM packaging improvements will be developed and demonstrated for the Kinetic Energy Interceptor (KEI) missile system through design, analysis, and material characterization testing. The Phase II program will build on Phase I concepts with the design, fabrication and testing of prototype sub-scale articles that verify analysis predictions, and evaluate ballistic performance of the integrally armored composite structure against IM threats. |
| WRIGHT MATERIALS RESEARCH CO.
1187 Richfield Center Beavercreek, OH 45430 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 431-8811
Dr. Seng C. Tan MDA 05-002 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Lightweight shipping container for solid rocket motor with Insensitive Munitions |
| Abstract: | It is desirable to manufacture shipping containers for large solid rocket motors (SRM) insensitive munitions (IM) up to 50-in in diameter. Shipping or packaging containers of SRM should have good thermal insulation, lightweight, ballistic resistant, high temperature, corrosion resistant, and damage resistant properties in addition to several IM requirements. Missiles are usually transported in a container and are fired from a separate device. Currently used shipping containers for MDA SRMs do not have sufficient combined ballistic resistant capability and IM characteristics. Each container weighs several thousand pounds and some of them do not have flame resistant properties. This makes the SRM and missiles very vulnerable in their container during shipping. In this SBIR project Wright Materials Research Co. will team up with Lockheed Martin Missile and Fire Control (LMMFC-D) to manufacture and evaluate lightweight hybrid composites for MDA's applications. The proposed technology will be most beneficial to MDA's systems including shipping containers for very large SRMs, Ground Based Interceptor (GBI) missile containers, Patriot Advanced Capability-3 (PAC-3), Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missiles, and missile cases. In particular, we will develop and manufacture IM shipping containers for SRM up to 50-in in diameter. In addition to the desirable properties mentioned above the proposed shipping containers should be able to defeat level III ball and level IV AP threats. Our preliminary studies indicate that our foamed composites can defeat LPS and NIJ level IV rounds at close vicinity. The proposed hybrid composites should also have the ability to defeat high speed fragmentation impact that MDA systems encounter. If successfully developed, the proposed lightweight containers would have an immediate niche market in the shipping and transportation and insulation industries. |
| MILTEC CORP.
678 Discovery Drive Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 428-1407
Mr. Marvin Magill MDA 05-003 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Developing Insensitive Munitions Modeling and Simulations for Missile Defense |
| Abstract: | The effective design of weapon systems is often dependent upon the proper explosives and propellant formulations being not only enhanced in performance but still being safe to handle and use. Understanding the phenomena, which determines the degree of sensitivity the particular propellant/explosive composition has to stressful events, is critical to understanding and predicting its behavior. Our approach will look at behavior correlations among empirical test data, infrared spectrometry data, hydrocode and statistical analysis to establish if there is a relationship in chemical bonding structure or makeup to the sensitivity of an explosive to impact. In industry the use of infrared spectroscopy is common; more specifically Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR/FTIS) in this case, is of interest for analysis of binder HTPB. One potential approach to defining sensitivity is to define an algorithm to characterize insensitive munitions (IM). In this case the modified Jacobs-Roslund High Explosive Initiation (HEI) model equations will be applied. Background research of previous documentation of interest that can potentially be applied to IM analysis will be done. This data will be organized into a relational database. Correlation of data into baseline sets and review of test results which would be expected from performing FTIR samples for IM's will be conducted. Based on the empirical test results, code analysis, FTIR data, hydrocode, Cheetah simulations and sensitivity algorithm parameters of interest, a representative approach will be developed to achieve an algorithm which describes sensitivity on an IM to impact. |
| BODKIN DESIGN & ENGINEERING, LLC
P.O. Box 81386 Wellesley, MA 02481 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 795-1968
Mr. Andrew Bodkin MDA 05-004 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Hyperspectral/Multispectral imaging for transient events |
| Abstract: | The development of a multiband, stand-off detector with both MWIR imaging, hyper-spectral imaging, and ultra-high-resolution, high-speed Fourier transform spectroscopy is proposed. In the Phase I work, a high-rate, multiband, spatial heterodyne spectrometer will be developed to analyze missile intercept products of combustion. |
| NOVASPECTRA, INC.
777 Silver Spur Road, Suite 112 Rolling Hills Estate, CA 90274 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 408-3225
Dr. William S. Chan MDA 05-004 Selected for Award |
| Title: | 100-KHz Hyper-spectral FPAs for Transient Events |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop three ultra-fast focal plane arrays (FPAs) with 100 K frames per second and dynamically tunable over the 0.20-1.20 micron spectral range to obtain spatial as well as spectral images of a transient fireball evolved from an interceptor kill. These images are then used for assessing the nature of the kill. Each FPA consists of 256x256 fast PIN photodiodes each integrated with a micro interferometer tunable to pass wavebands at a microsecond speed to provide fast hyper-spectral images. The first FPA covers the 0.20 - 0.40 micron range; the second the 0.40 - 0.80 micron range, and the third 0.80 - 1.20 micron range. By partitioning the FPA into 8 segments, each containing A/D converters and interface circuits, massively-parallel readout at a data rate of 64 Gbps is achieved to sustain a FPA frame rate in excess of 100 KHz. The FPAs are fabricated entirely of silicon (Si) for robustness, reliability and producibility using commercial foundries for production at low cost. Depending on the kill assessment procedure, the post-FPA parallel processing can store up to 10 thousand frames for analysis. Phase I will analyze, model and design the FPA structures and layouts for 100 KHz speed, delineate the processes for fabrication and fabricate a simple structure to demonstrate its fabricability. Phase II will fabricate the FPAs based on the model established in Phase I and test it with supporting optics and electronics for 100 KHz frame rate. Phase III will prototype and test the 100 KHz FPAs. |
| SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS, INC.
55 Middlesex street Chelmsford, MA 01863 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 251-4554
Dr. John Noto MDA 05-004 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Quad channel hyperspectral imager for high speed atomic spectral characterization |
| Abstract: | Proposed here is a novel approach to multi-spectral imaging that can be used for post-kill fireball analysis. This technology will allow for the rapid determination of the metallic content of a fireball. Using recently developed technology this system has a narrower bandwidth and greater continuum rejection of any competing system. In Phase I a brass-board prototype of the essential dispersing element will be constructed and in Phase II several imaging system will be developed. Each system will have a variable FOV and plate scale as well as sensitivity from 350 nm to 1000nm. The data cube produced by this hyperspectral imager is small enough to not be too taxing for most telemetry systems. |
| SPECTRAL SCIENCES, INC.
4 Fourth Avenue Burlington, MA 01803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 273-4770
Dr. Marsha Fox MDA 05-004 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Hyperspectral/Multispectral imaging for transient events |
| Abstract: | There is a long-standing need for the development of fast single-frame spectral imaging instrumentation, also known as a "snapshot" or "flash" spectral imager, to study fast transient phenomena where retrieval of 3-dimensional hyperspectral data cubes provides crucial information. Spectral Sciences, Inc. proposes to develop the Multiplexing Array Spectral Camera (MASC) a snapshot spectral imager which acquires multiplexed spatial and spectral data with high optical collection efficiency and with the speed limited only by the readout time of the detector circuitry. The concept proposed allows a wide range of design tradeoffs for specific applications, and uses relatively mature component technologies to reduce the development risk. The performance of the instrument, as modeled in this proposal, indicates that projected MDA requirements for advanced transient target sensing can be satisfied. The concept offers a foundation on which further advanced spectral imagers can be based, with unprecedented flexibility in spectral, spatial and temporal data acquisition. In Phase I we will build and test a feasibility demonstration prototype, and develop an engineering design for a Phase II system. In Phase II, we will construct a pre-production prototype instrument suitable for low-volume production. |
| AMERICAN GNC CORP.
888 Easy Street Simi Valley, CA 93065 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 582-0582
Dr. Tasso Politopoulos MDA 05-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Low Cost, High Data Rate MEMS IMU for Exo-Atmospheric Seeker |
| Abstract: | The objective of this project is to demonstrate an innovative approach to integrate the AGNC MEMS coremicro IMU and Sensor Electronics in a way that reduces weight, size and cost of the Integrated IMU/Sensor Electronics for exo-atmospheric seeker performance enhancement. This Phase I project will demonstrate the feasibility of realizing low cost, high data rate coremicro IMUs for exo-atmospheric Integrated IMU/Sensor Electronics. As such, the proposed evaluation of this premier technology can render AGNCÝs proposed low cost, high data rate coremicro IMU technology the best possible solution for pursuing the IMU technology component of MDAÝs exo-atmospheric Integrated IMU/Sensor Electronics topic. In Phase I, efforts are focused on assessing needs, identifying requirements and conducting analytical/experimental tests and demonstration for results using coremicro IMU to establish performance criteria and design specifications leading to subsequent prototype development in Phase II. Furthermore, the AGNC IMU testing and calibration system shall be utilized for design evaluation. Through efforts of the project, Integrated IMU/Sensor Electronics will be further enhanced in reliability, accuracy, size, weight, and data rate to fully meet the Integrated IMU/Sensor Electronics requirements. |
| AVYD DEVICES, INC.
2925 COLLEGE AVENUE, UNIT A-1 COSTA MESA, CA 92626 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 751-8553
Dr. Honnavalli R Vydyanath MDA 05-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Multi-Color LWIR/LWIR FPA Technology For Exo-Atmospheric Seeker Performance Enhancement |
| Abstract: | Phase I effort focuses on demonstrating the feasibility of our approach to develop a technology to fabricate large format Multi-Color HgCdTe FPAs. In Phase II, we plan to validate the feasibility established in Phase I with demonstration and delivery of large format two-dimensional arrays hybridized to silicon Read Out Integrated Circuits (ROICs). |
| RADIANCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
350 Wynn Drive Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 489-8963
Dr. Andrew Thies MDA 05-005 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Exo-Atmospheric Seeker Performance Enhancement |
| Abstract: | An all-reflective zoom telescope for EKV is proposed to provide a larger field-of-view (FOV) that would shorten search time, enable resolution of objects at longer acquisition ranges, improve on-board discrimination performance, and improve resolution in end game, thereby enhancing aim-point selection. Efforts include the design of the optical surfaces meeting the EKV form factor prescription, optomechanical design of the telescope, electrical design of the actuation system, assessment of the telescope performance relative to system requirements, and development of fabrication and test plans. |
| BREAULT RESEARCH ORGANIZATION
6400 E. Grant Road, Suite 350 Tucson, AZ 85715 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 721-0500
Dr. Gary Peterson MDA 05-006 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Requirements Definition and Preliminary Design for a Stray Light Test Station |
| Abstract: | The Missile Defense Agency (MDA) seeks innovations that "ease the effort required to perform integration and testing." One specific MDA interest is "metrology technologies for the rejection of stray light." Controlling stray light in ballistic missile defense (BMD) sensors is essential to target detection, discrimination and acquisition. Defense sensors must contend with the sun, the moon, the earth limb, and countermeasures, at virtually any angle relative to the sensor boresight. If a sensor is blinded by the sun or lured away by a countermeasure the result is no different than a failed launch. Therefore, mission assurance depends on defining realistic stray light requirements, designing sensors to meet those requirements, and verifying (by test) sensor stray light performance. This proposal response addresses stray light testing. In Phase 1 work we plan to define requirements and complete the preliminary design for a stray light test station for missile defense sensors. |
| LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC.
2851 Commerce Street Blacksburg, VA 24060 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 552-5128
Mr. Barry Polakowski MDA 05-006 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Manufacturing and Assembly of Innovative Electro-Optical Components and Systems |
| Abstract: | Fiber optic data links are inherently protected from radiation and can provide significant weight savings for space-based applications. The goal of this SBIR is to create a distributed fiber optic bus to connect modular electronics within a space vehicle which would also improve bandwidth without modifying the current electronics designs. The output of the Phase I shall be a system configuration document which will be used to create a functional prototype during the Phase II effort. |
| GALAXY COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS, INC.
9922 E. Montgomery #7 Spokane, WA 99206 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(509) 892-1114
Mr. Gordon Dallas MDA 05-007 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Advanced Sensor Materials for Space |
| Abstract: | GaSb substrates have advantages that make them attractive for implementation of very long wavelength infrared (VLWIR) detectors with higher operating temperatures for stealth and space based applications. A significant processing issue for detector fabrication based upon InAs/GaSb and related strained layer superlattices (SLS) is the substrate transmissivity in the VLWIR range. In order to preclude substrate thinning for backside illuminated devices, a extremely low n-type substrate is desired. An opportunity exists to modify the Czochralski growth process to minimize the Ga antisite defect formation and significantly reduce the residual p-type carrier concentration. Using a modified melt stoichiometry, a faster liquid/solid interface rotation speed, and a slow cool ramp profile at the critical temperatures for vacancy formation/vacancy clustering, an extremely low doped n-GaSb boule may be fabricated. Hall Effect carrier concentration and FTIR transmissivity of substrates as a function of boule length will be examined. Deliverables for MBE SLS growth will be supplied to MDA and Raytheon. Phase II will incorporate a boule pull rate parameter and the establishment of a manufacturing process for larger diameter VLWIR suitable substrates. Commercialization of the GaSb substrate surface preparation process is regarded with high probability. |
| SVT ASSOC., INC.
7620 Executive Drive Eden Prairie, MN 55344 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(952) 934-2100
Dr. Aaron Moy MDA 05-007 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Improvement of Type II Superlattices by H-Plasma |
| Abstract: | SVT Associates proposes an innovative atomic Hydrogen enhanced growth and surface preparation technique for high performance Type-II superlattice focal plane array fabrication. This material system is capable of infrared detection from 2 to > 30 micron, depending on layer composition and thickness. Photodetector arrays using this material are of great interest to the DoD for various applications including, in particular, optical detection and tracking of missiles. Hydrogen atomic flux has already been shown to improve other III-V growth, such as InAs. Applying the Hydrogen treatment to the superlattice should result in smoother substrate surfaces, higher material purity and more abrupt superlattice interfaces, all important factors that should significantly enhance device operation. We intend to characterize the positive effects of this Hydrogen process in superlattice structures in Phase I. In Phase II we will refine the Hydrogen process to realize Type-II superlattice discrete detectors and detector arrays. |
| CAPESYM, INC.
6 Huron Drive, Suite 1B Natick, MA 01760 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(508) 653-7100
Dr. Matthew Overholt MDA 05-008 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Low Defect LWIR Substrates by the Detached Growth Method |
| Abstract: | This proposal is focused on the development of a novel method for the growth of low-dislocation-density, high-purity, and low-precipitate-concentration CdZnTe and CdSeTe crystals for use as substrates for MCT detectors. This work is motivated by the observation that II-VI compound semiconductors grown detached from the containment wall in space, as well as other materials grown on earth, have exhibited significantly lower dislocation density and higher purity. This program will seek to grow detached Cd(Zn,Se)Te crystals through the development of a feedback-controlled detached growth process, where the signals generated by a non-intrusive sensor are used to maintain a detachment gap of the order of 50-100 microns between the growing crystal and the ampoule. |
| EPIR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
590 Territorial Drive, Suite B Bolingbrook, IL 60440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(630) 771-0203
Mr. Rasdip Singh MDA 05-008 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Lattice Matched Substrates for Mercury Cadmium Telluride growth by MBE |
| Abstract: | Many advanced HgCdTe (MCT) infrared detector structures are grown by the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) technique, which is especially sensitive to small imperfections, impurities, precipitates, and polishing damage on the substrate surface. In order to achieve very high crystalline quality MCT structures, the substrate surface must be of superior quality (MBE-quality). EPIR demonstrated the ability to create superior CZT surfaces using innovative non-contact and pressure dependent polishing methods and our proprietary chemical polishing solutions. Our polished CZT substrates were qualified by growing MCT epi-layers by MBE. These MBE epi-layers exhibited state-of-the-art X-ray FWHM values and low (10^5 cm-2) etch pit density. In the Phase I effort, we will substantially improve the quality of our CZT substrate surfaces using the new, fully automated, ultra-high-precision polishing system designed and fabricated by EPIR. The system is capable of batch polishing very large (up to 64 cm^2) area substrates. We propose innovative ideas to create a true "epi-ready" CZT surface and eliminate the need for end-user surface pretreatments prior to MBE growth. We will grow and characterize MCT by MBE to qualify our polished substrates and work with our industrial partners to commercialize "epi-ready" MBE-quality CZT substrates. |
| ADA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
8100 Shaffer Parkway, Suite #130 Littleton, CO 80127 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 792-5615
Dr. Tom Campbell MDA 05-009 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Innovative Concepts for Next Generation Infrared Detector Arrays for Missile Defense |
| Abstract: | ADA Technologies proposes to develop advanced quality semiconductor substrates to address the needs of the Missile Defense Agency for research and development of innovative ideas leading to the development of a new class of sensitive infrared Focal Plane Arrays (FPAs) suitable for missile defense sensors and commercialization. Since GaSb substrates are prone to defect migration and elemental diffusion into the epitaxial layers, traditional GaSb wafers can reduce detectivity of type-II heterostructure layers InGaSb/InAs and thus impede fabrication of high quality FPAs. The proposed research will study a new class of substrate materials as a replacement for GaSb. New materials will be designed during bulk crystal growth to eliminate defect migration and contain elemental diffusion relative to epitaxial growth of the critical detection layers. In collaboration with an industrial world leader in IR detector device fabrication, the program will accelerate commercialization of the novel substrate material. By providing this new substrate material to the MDA, it will become feasible to detect, track, and discriminate future threats to our national security. |
| EPIR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
590 Territorial Drive, Suite B Bolingbrook, IL 60440 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(630) 771-0203
Mr. Chad Fulk MDA 05-009 Selected for Award |
| Title: | PbSnTe Thermoelectric Cooled Focal Plane Arrays on Novel Silicon Based Substrates |
| Abstract: | The MDA's request to detect, track and discriminate long range targets requires infrared focal plane arrays (IRFPAs) that have higher sensitivities, longer cutoff wavelengths (>14 æm), larger formats (> 256 x 256), and higher operating temperatures than the current infrared technology. PbSnTe is an ideal material for the MDA's requirements. Its carrier mobilities and quantum efficiencies are comparable or even higher than HgCdTe in the mid (3-6 æm) and far (6-14 æm) infrared. In addition, it has been reported that PbSnTe heterojunction detectors have the ability to operate at room temperature. However, viable solutions still need to be found to alleviate the materials obdurate elastic problems. In Phase I, EPIR Technologies will epitaxially grow PbSnTe on silicon with a CdTe/ZnTe buffer layer. This buffer will partially alleviate the lattice mismatch and provide superior adherence to the substrate. The silicon substrate does not suffer from the instability of the typically used CaF2 and BaF2 buffers and will allow for easy integration into existing IRFPA technologies. EPIR Technologies will then demonstrate high temperature operation of single element detectors. In Phase II, EPIR Technologies will address thermal mismatch issues though compliant technologies. |
| ITN ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC.
8130 Shaffer Pkwy Littleton, CO 80127 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 285-5107
Dr. Brian Berland MDA 05-009 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Uncooled BLIP Detector for Next Generation Infrared (IR) Focal Plane Arrays (FPAs) |
| Abstract: | The ITN team proposes to design and develop a revolutionary uncooled IR detector that is compatible with large format focal place arrays. By dramatically decreasing thermal conduction noise and Johnson noise, the proposed sensor enables BLIP sensitivity resulting in a 50 times increase in detector sensitivity over state-of-the-art technologies. Preliminary analysis projects a specific detectivity of 1.1E10 cm-Hz^0.5/W and NETD much less than 1 mK. The proposed BLIP detector will have a cutoff wavelength greater than 14 microns, a time constant of ~3msec, and require very little power (~40nanoWatts per pixel). In addition, the BLIP detector will be fabricated with standard thin-film technologies that provide high pixel uniformity, decreased cost, and inherent stability in high radiation environments. |
| PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP.
IT Division, 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 320-3088
Dr. Alexander Naumov MDA 05-009 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Gamma Focal Plane Array |
| Abstract: | Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new gamma focal plane array (gamma-FPA) that is highly sensitive in the mid- and long-wave infrared (MWIR/LWIR) regions, requires no cooling, and has high resolution and improved uniformity. Its operation is based on the exponential sensitivity of the rotational viscosity (gamma) of liquid crystal (LC) to temperature variation (MWIR/LWIR irradiation). The resonance absorption of MWIR/LWIR irradiation by LC molecules, and absorption of a wide range of wavelengths by carbon nanotube pixels raises LC temperatures. The resulting viscosity variation is precisely controlled by capacitance variation across each gamma-FPA pixel. The transient nematic effect and low LC bulk give the gamma-FPA millisecond speed. Because at readout, the LC molecules are rotated through the full available angular range, the gamma-FPA is polarization insensitive. The cost of the gamma-FPA will be kept low because it is based on well-developed LC display technology. In Phase I POC will demonstrate a laboratory prototype exhibiting multicolor detection in the MWIR/LWIR spectrum. In Phase II POC will design and fabricate a working prototype suitable for real environments--missile seekers or space-based satellites. In Phase III POC will improve performance and integrate the gamma-FPA into an MDA seeker. |
| QMAGIQ, LLC
One Tara Boulevard, Suite 102 Nashua, NH 03062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 821-3092
Dr. Mani Sundaram MDA 05-009 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Dramatic Improvement In The Quantum Efficiency Of Large-Format Longwave Infrared Focal Plane Arrays |
| Abstract: | We will demonstrate a dramatic 3x to 5x increase (over the state of the art) in the external quantum efficiency (QE) of longwave infrared (LWIR) focal plane arrays (FPAs) fabricated from quantum well infrared photodetectors. We will develop AND DELIVER a 320x256 LWIR FPA with this improved performance in Phase 1 itself. In Phase 2, we will develop and deliver a sensor engine consisting of a 640x512 version of this FPA in an integrated dewar cooler assembly. |
| MATERIALS & ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH (MER) CORP.
7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 574-1980
Dr. Dr. W. Kowbel MDA 05-010 Selected for Award |
| Title: | An Integrated SiC-SiC Composite Optical Seeker Assembly |
| Abstract: | Currently used Al components for the optical seeker structure suffer from low specific modulus. As a result, re-design efforts with Al components, lack full realization of weight savings. The use of SiC-SiC composites for optical structures provides for significant weight savings, combined with improved structural performance. Combination of SiC-SiC structural components with SiC-SiC optical components, offers numerous design advantages (matched CTE). This proposal offer unique materials and optical fabrication approaches leading to a fully integrated SiC-SiC composite optical seeker assembly |
| RADIANCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
350 Wynn Drive Huntsville, AL 35805 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 489-8963
Dr. Andrew Thies MDA 05-010 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Low Cost, Strapdown Integrated Seeker |
| Abstract: | The cost, mass, and performance of the homing seeker in systems such as THAAD are primarily driven by the requirement for precision target detection, tracking, and imaging for aimpoint selection in the presence of shock and vibration from aerodynamic buffeting and propulsion system operation. These systems require precision gyros, very low friction gimbals, and fairly large torquer motors for stability and pointing; and usually stabilize the focal plane assembly. This proposal presents a lower cost, lower weight solution for Line-of-Sight (LOS) pointing and stabilization. It utilizes a breakthrough in piezoelectric devices known as PBP actuators. The PBP technology overcomes the disadvantages of earlier piezoelectric control devices. The PBP based Fast Stabilization Mirrors (FSM's) will provide a lighter, lower power, smaller part count, and lower cost solution to LOS tracking and stabilization. |
| SCHAFER CORP.
321 Billerica Road Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 338-2865
Dr. William Goodman MDA 05-010 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Low Cost, Strapdown Integrated Seeker |
| Abstract: | MDA and Army SMDC are interested in image stabilization technologies for the THAAD strapdown IR seeker and other BMD interceptor systems. In Phase I Schafer shall obtain detailed requirements from BAE Systems for state-off-the-art field-of-regard (FOR) and field-of-view (FOV) mirror instruments. We shall use these requirements to create a conceptual design for a 2-axis, servo-controlled FOR mirror with a closed-loop bandwidth >100 Hz, an elevation (vertical) range of 0-45 degrees (arbitrary origin), an azimuth (horizontal) range of +/- 5 degrees, and <10 micro-radian resolution. We shall also perform a complete design for a 1-2 cm, servo-controlled 2-axis laser pointing mirror with a closed loop bandwidth of 10 kHz, +/- 5 degrees range in both axes, and <1 micro-radian precision. Together with our partner SEO Precision a demonstration instrument shall be produced which will capitalize on technologies employed in our FAST-SLMST fast steering mirror product line. Schafer's high stiffness, lightweight SLMST and SiC-SLMST will provide the enabling lightweight mirror technology for both stabilization instruments. SLMST and SiC-SLMST foam core mirror technologies are capable of providing low mass moment of inertia and a 1st fundamental frequency that exceeds that of a beryllium mirror of the same weight. |
| CU AEROSPACE
60 Hazelwood Drive Champaign, IL 61820 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(217) 333-8274
Dr. David Carroll MDA 05-011 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Improved Iodine Injection, Mixing and Pressure Recovery |
| Abstract: | The primary objective of CU Aerospace's Phase I work will be to investigate innovative iodine injection concepts for the chemical oxygen-iodine laser (COIL) that improve mixing at higher total pressures. The designs will be made to significantly improve the pressure recovery of COIL systems while retaining efficiency. The results of the Phase I research will lay the foundation for developing a highly advanced COIL iodine injection scheme for improved pressure recovery in Phase II. Our team partner the University of New Mexico will assist CU Aerospace to perform cold flow PLIF experiments to examine the mixing character of the flow of a candidate method for injecting iodine. Design computations to investigate optimal injection configurations for gain magnitude and distribution, and chemical efficiency, will also be performed. This research will lead directly to designs that will be fabricated and tested extensively with detailed diagnostics to evaluate each design's performance attributes in Phase II with a goal of 250 Torr pressure recovery within the COIL cavity while maintaining flow uniformity both in species mixture and density. Use of the well-calibrated and economical COIL facility at the University of Illinois will allow these advanced concepts to be implemented and examined in detail. |
| ATMOSPHERIC & ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, INC.
131 Hartwell Avenue Lexington, MA 02421 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 761-2288
Mr. George D Modica MDA 05-012 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Improved Optical Turbulence Forecasts |
| Abstract: | We propose a Phase I SBIR project to define a forecast system to predict lower stratospheric and upper tropospheric optical turbulence. The application will be designed to be implemented within the Airborne Laser Atmospheric Decision Aid (ADA). The application will utilize as input data from the Air Force Weather Agency's theater numerical weather prediction (NWP) model. During Phase I, several candidate optical turbulence parameterizations will be examined for inclusion into the ADA. An innovative feature of our proposed application will operate on the input NWP model data to simulate an ensemble spread from a single NWP model forecast, enabling generation of a probablistic optical turbulence product that is capable of revealing nearby (in state space) meteorological and optical turbulence "regimes." Each ensemble member is used as input to two or more diagnostic optical turbulence algorithms. The set of ensemble optical turbulence forecasts are converted into probability density functions, and provided to the ADA. The forecast system will be designed to be configurable, modular, and conform to accepted software engineering standards. |
| NORTHWEST RESEARCH ASSOC., INC.
P.O. Box 3027 Bellevue, WA 98009 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 415-9701
Dr. Joseph Werne MDA 05-012 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Optical Turbulence Forecasting for Directed Energy and Laser Communication Systems |
| Abstract: | This proposal addresses the development of advanced optical- turbulence forecasting tools to aid design, testing, and operations for applications involving laser propagation through the atmosphere. These include laser-weapons systems, free-space optical communication, and astronomical observations. Recent advances in atmospheric-dynamics research (measurement, simulation, and theory), in concert with a related MDA project, present a unique opportunity for optical-turbulence forecasting that is significantly better than what is currently available. By adapting this research, we can develop optical turbulence forecasts which simultaneously predict model expectation values and model uncertainty, allowing for the possibility of real-time evaluation of forecast skill without an ensemble procedure. The approach involves using Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling to combine NWP output with high- resolution measurement data and results from very high-resolution numerical simulations we have done of specific atmospheric processes. The methodology is well suited to the development of an improved Atmospheric Decision Aid (ADA) for the Airborne Laser (ABL), which we believe will be much more appropriate, accurate, and reliable than the existing ABL ADA. The approach is novel and has several significant advantages which we propose to explore during this Phase I effort. |
| ACULIGHT CORP.
11805 North Creek Parkway S., Suite 113 Bothell, WA 98011 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(425) 482-1100
Dr. Fabio Di Teodoro MDA 05-013 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Eyesafe Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) Laser for Laser Ranging |
| Abstract: | We propose a novel approach, based on emerging photonic crystal fiber technology, to generate high peak and average power in multi-kHz repetition-rate pulses at eye-safe wavelengths. The proposed optical source is configured to be packaged in a compact and rugged fashion, exhibit low power consumption in compliance with requirements of airborne applications, and produce an output of excellent beam quality. If successful, the work accomplished through the Phase II of this program will result in the delivery of an eye-safe laser transmitter ideally suited for a wide variety of military 3D imaging LADAR systems. |
| ARETE ASSOC.
P.O. Box 6024 Sherman Oaks, CA 91413 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(520) 571-8660
Dr. James Murray MDA 05-013 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Eyesafe Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) Laser for Laser Ranging |
| Abstract: | Within the past decade, ballistic missiles have emerged as major threats to American and friendly armed forces. As of early 1998, at least 30 nations were known to have more than 10,000 ballistic missiles in their arsenals and the threat is growing daily. Several of these countries are also known to be pursuing development or to have developed nuclear, chemical and biological capabilities for their missiles. To counter this threat the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) has sponsored the development of the Airborne Laser (ABL), which is a system centered around a high-energy chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL) carried aboard a modified Boeing 747-400F freighter. Airborne Laser (ABL) will locate and track missiles in the boost phase of their flight, then accurately point and fire the high-energy laser, destroying enemy missiles near their launch areas. This proposal addresses critical new technology for the ABL tracking function contained within the Active Ranging System (ARS). The currently deployed ARS utilizes a CO2 laser rangefinder to generate both a range and instantaneous radial velocity of the missile with respect to the airborne platform. Although the technology that is employed is mature and highly functional, the emission of the CO2 laser at 11.15 ŸYm is not eyesafe, and is therefore hazardous to humans. Eyesafe operation of the laser rangefinder is a goal for the Next Generation Active Ranging System (NGARS), which will utilize a transmitter that operates between 1.4 and 1.6 mm and newly developed InGaAs avalanche photo-diodes (APD) that are sensitive in this region. Not only is eyesafe operation important for ABL; it is becoming a standard requirement on new laser rangefinder and laser radar (ladar) systems. The primary goal of this SBIR program is to develop an eyesafe all-fiber high power laser transmitter for the NGARS that will meet or exceed the performance specifications for the NGARS. This effort will lead to affordable commercialized eyesafe laser rangefinder and imaging ladar systems. |
| Q PEAK, INC.
135 South Road Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-9535
Dr. Yelena Isyanova MDA 05-013 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Eyesafe Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) Source for Laser Ranging |
| Abstract: | Q-Peak, Inc. proposes to develop a ~2-ns pulse, high-power, 10-kHz repetition rate, 1504-nm source based on the combination of an efficient, high-power, diode-pumped Nd:YLF master oscillator - power amplifier (MOPA) system and a double-pumped, KTA crystal-based optical parametric oscillator (OPO) for laser ranging applications. The overall goal of the program is to design and build a short-pulse, single-frequency source with average power of 100 W. In the Phase I effort we propose to design and build a short-pulse diode-pumped, Q-switched, Nd:YLF oscillator and a double-pass amplifier based on our multipass slab design generating >15 W of average power at a 10 kHz pulse rate. The Phase I effort will also include analysis and preliminary design of the entire two-channel MOPA and the OPO converter to the eyesafe wavelength range. A prototype system suitable for application as an airborne Lidar Transmitter will be built and delivered to MDA at the end of the Phase II program. |
| NLIGHT PHOTONICS
5408 NE 88th Street, Bldg E Vancouver, WA 98665 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(360) 518-1081
Dr. Paul Crump MDA 05-014 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Highly Reliable, High Power Cryogenic Red Diode Lasers |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to eliminate the catastrophic optical damage that limits the peak operating power of cryogenically operated visible red (630-nm) laser diodes. The method to be applied is band gap disordering by Zn-diffusion. This will be the first time this technique has ever been applied to high power visible red laser diodes. It will also be the first application of band gap disordering in a system intended for cryogenic operation. nLight Photonics, through programs with Directed Energy Solutions, has pushed the absolute state of the art in red diode lasers operating at 665-nm (room temperature) and 630-nm (cryogenic temperatures). Peak powers of 90W and 50% electrical-to-optical efficiency have been achieved from a 1-cm wide bar of 1-mm cavity length. Individual emitters have achieved 6.3W peak power while operating at room temperature. Through these programs the limiting mechanism in achieving higher powers is no longer the thermal escape of carriers, but the catastrophic failure of the optical facets under the intense optical field power densities. |
| SPIRE CORP.
One Patriots Park Bedford, MA 01730 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 275-6000
Dr. Kurt J. Linden MDA 05-014 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Highly Reliable, High Power Cryogenic Red Diode Lasers |
| Abstract: | This Phase I Small Business Innovation Research project is aimed at modeling and designing a cryogenic high power red diode laser array for use in optically pumping 100 kW level cryogenic lasers for missile defense and other applications. It is advantageous to operate lasers at cryogenic temperatures because in this environment they have greatly improved heat transfer characteristics, reduced laser thresholds, and increased device reliability. Phase I will develop a conceptual design for cryogenic 630 nm diode laser bars, consisting of individual emitters with output in excess of 0.5 W per emitter. The design will include the epitaxial layer structure, the individual emitter structure, the laser bar geometry, laser bar mounting onto laser headers, laser bar combining into multi-bar laser arrays, and heat spreader design. Mathematical models will be established, and design tradeoffs will be studied to predict device performance and performance limits. A plan for laser array performance measurement will be prepared, and preliminary experimental data will be obtained. Spire has extensive prior experience with high power diode laser array bar fabrication and multi-bar array manufacturing, and is currently manufacturing red LED and red laser products using in-house designed and MOCVD-grown epitaxial wafers in its state-of-the-art semiconductor manufacturing foundry. |
| ION OPTICS, INC.
411 Waverley Oaks Road, Suite 144 Waltham, MA 02452 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 788-8777
Dr. Irina Puscasu MDA 05-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Rugged cryogenic tuned heat rejection materials |
| Abstract: | Ion Optics proposes to develop innovative 2D plasmonic-photonic crystal coatings for improved thermal rejection and stray light control for space tracking and surveillance systems. These coatings will survive rapid cycling to cryogenic temperatures. Photonic crystals are a new class of periodic structures with controllable electromagnetic radiation properties through changes in materials and geometry. Coupling modes in the photonic crystal to plasmons at the surface of a metallic array of holes further enhances the spectral control. By dramatically improving the ratio between visible absorptance and infrared emittance in lightweight, compact and switchable 2D metallo-dielectric photonic crystal device, it becomes possible to achieve better scatter supression and heat rejection. Phase 1 research will investigate optical properties for a variety of 2D metallo-dielectric photonic crystal structures on silicon and polymer substrates. These structures have potential for large conformal area fabrication by micromolding that would allow scaling design to any system shape and power output. Another future interest is for active control with tunable plasmonic-photonic crystals to match the desired wavelength range and the thermodynamic cycles of space-borne or airborne systems. Benefits to MDA also include reduced cost and simplified structural integration with increased safety and reliability. |
| RAPT INDUSTRIES
6252 Preston Ave. Livermore, CA 94551 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(724) 295-3330
Mr. George Gardopee MDA 05-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Optics Technologies for Cryogenic Sensors |
| Abstract: | Silicon Carbide (SiC) is a promising new material for optical substrates and structures for use in advanced cryogenic sensor systems. However conventional optical manufacturing technologies use abrasive-based grinding and polishing which leaves significant subsurface damage and residual stresses in the material. These residual stresses can lead to degradation of the optical performance of the system once it is deployed. We propose to demonstrate rapid damage-free shaping of lightweight aspheric SiC mirror substrates using Reactive Atom Plasma (RAP) processing. This novel technology allows for rapid and deterministic shaping of mirror surfaces while simultaneously removing the subsurface damage created during previous grinding steps. |
| SCHAFER CORP.
321 Billerica Road Chelmsford, MA 01824 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(505) 338-2865
Dr. William Goodman MDA 05-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Optics Technologies for Cryogenic Sensors |
| Abstract: | MDA, Air Force, and Raytheon are interested in dimensionally stable, survivable optical coatings for operation in the visible and long wavelength infrared (8-12 microns), for temperatures as low as 35 K, for the Space Tracking and Surveillance System (STSS) Track Sensor Telescope. Schafer demonstrated a VIS/NIR dielectric coating at NASA MSFC that reversibly changed the figure of a SLMST mirror by only 0.5 nm RMS for cyclic testing between 300 and 25 Kelvin. A C/SiC mirror mount was part of the experiment. Under MDA Contract No. HQ0006-05-C-7149 performed for Army SMDC, Schafer designed, manufactured and flash x-ray tested a low emissivity, high-reflectance VIS/NIR/LWIR coating designed from individual elements in the periodic table. The testing was successfully performed in September 2005 for SLMST, SiC-SLMST and C/SiC mirrors. Under 2005 IRAD funding, Schafer produced an all C/SiC bolt-together sensor telescope for MDA and Raytheon. Thus, for this project, we propose to design and demonstrate a dimensionally stable (25-340 K) and survivable (space and x-ray) VIS/LWIR coating on C/SiC mirrors traceable to an all C/SiC STSS cryogenic telescope that is designed from the systems point-of-view. In Phase II Schafer would work with the government and Raytheon to fully space qualify the coating. |
| UES, INC.
4401 Dayton-Xenia Road Dayton, OH 45432 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 426-6900
Dr. Amarendra K. Rai MDA 05-015 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Multifunctional Nanocomposite Coatings for Mechanical Assemblies of Space Optics |
| Abstract: | Space tracking and surveillance systems require mechanical assemblies that operate in varying and extreme atmosphere and temperature conditions. For proper functioning of these mechanical assemblies in space for many years, highly stable lubricating and wear resistant coatings are needed. To this end, in this Phase I program UES proposes to demonstrate the feasibility of multifunctional nanocomposite coatings with embedded solid lubricant phases in such applications. A systematic test methodology will be used to evaluate the developed coating. Based on the evaluation results the developed coatings will be validated and ranked. Highly ranked coatings will be further developed in Phase II. |
| CREARE, INC.
P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(603) 643-3800
Dr. Mark V. Zagarola MDA 05-016 Selected for Award |
| Title: | A Cryogenic Heat Transport Loop for Space-Borne Gimbaled Instruments |
| Abstract: | A high-performance cooling system for gimbal-mounted infrared sensors is a critical need for future space-based target acquisition and tracking systems. A candidate approach uses a high performance cryocooler remotely located on the spacecraft platform combined with a high conductance, cryogenic heat transport system to exchange heat from the sensors to the cryocooler. The heat transport system must have high conductance, produce minimal parasitic heat loads, and impose minimal torque on the gimbal, in addition to the typical space requirements of lightweight, compact and reliable. To meet these challenging requirements, we propose to develop a single-phase gaseous heat transport loop consisting of a miniature cryogenic circulator; ultra-flexible transfer lines; and compact heat exchangers. The circulator design has heritage in the unit developed by Creare for the Hubble Space Telescope, which has operated at 70 K for over 3.5 years with no change in performance. During Phase I, we will prove feasibility of the concept by (1) producing preliminary designs of candidate heat transport systems for the Space Tracking and Surveillance System, and (2) performing flexibility and life tests on the transfer lines at cryogenic temperatures. During Phase II, we will fabricate and test the heat transport system at cryogenic temperatures. |
| K TECHNOLOGY CORP.
110 Gibraltar Road, Suite 223 Horsham, PA 19044 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(631) 285-6580
Mr. Mark Montesano MDA 05-016 Selected for Award |
| Title: | High Performance Passive Flexible Heat Transport Material |
| Abstract: | Next generation space infrared sensing technologies will require revolutionary improvements in thermal transport and storage technologies. Flexible cryogenic and ambient cooling is essential to meet emerging requirements for these advanced systems. Enabling technologies to accommodate the increasingly compact and higher density Air Force and Department of Defense infrared sensing payloads are required. k Technology Corporation proposes a general technology development that permits the design of a high performance passive flexible cryogenic and ambient heat transport material. The conductivity of the proposed material system will exceed 1000 W/mK at all temperatures between 5øK and 300øK. In addition, the proposed technology development will allow the material system to be tailored and optimized for any temperature in this range at greater conductivity values. This proposed effort will develop a material system that can be specifically designed to satisfy Air Force requirements. |
| PEREGRINE FALCON CORP.
1072 B Serpentine Lane Pleasanton, CA 94566 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(925) 461-6806
Mr. Robert Hardesty MDA 05-016 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Enhanced Cryocooler Component and Integration Technologies |
| Abstract: | Peregrine Falcon Corporation and Phase 2 partner Northrop Grumman will significantly improve the overall performance of pulse tube cryocoolers by enhancing the thermal conductivity of structures internal to the cryocooler. This enables much more efficient heat removal at the warm end. Peregrine's proprietary process for incorporating high thermal conductivity material within a defined thermal path will be used to increase the heat flow in critical areas, and thereby improve the cryocooler performance, without increasing the overall mass. In the specific structure chosen for this Phase I SBIR effort, Peregrine will reduce the temperature differential from the warm end of the cold end to the thermal rejection surfaces by well over 50% from the current design while significantly reducing weight. The major benefit from this improvement will be the significant reduction of input power required by the cryocooler to meet the required cooling load. The improvement offered by this SBIR effort will result in 17 Kilograms of weight savings at the system level. |
| IRIS TECHNOLOGY CORP.
PO Box 5838 Irvine, CA 92616 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(949) 975-8410
Mr. Edward J. O'Rourke MDA 05-017 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Novel, Nonlinear Control System for Cryogenic Coolers |
| Abstract: | A novel, nonlinear electronic control system will be evaluated for use in the Stirling Cryocooler compressor drive circuit. This proven and low cost technology can be hardened for use in space and has the potential to improve overall efficiency while reducing conducted emissions into the source supply. |
| LGARDE, INC.
15181 Woodlawn Avenue Tustin, CA 92780 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(714) 259-0771
Mr. Anthony Long MDA 05-018 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Microsatellite-based Space Targets for Calibration and Test of Advanced Radar and STSS Technologies |
| Abstract: | The use of micro-satellites to provide target complexes for BMD investigations can reduce program costs; targets would no longer need be launched every time a sensor test is desired However, the exoatmospheric flight of real threats lasts for only 20 minutes or so, while the orbiting targets may have been subjected to months of exoatmospheric flight. The design parameters for the two cases are clearly different. The targets placed in orbit for use over a year or so must be carefully designed to maintain realistic appearances typical of the much shorter-lived real threats.Studies are already under way to define methods of keeping the individual targets realistic, such as the use of simple torque rods for obtaining proper orientation, and using inflatables that then rigidize in orbit. A threat complex, however, consisting of both reentry vehicles (RVs) and balloon decoys, will tend to disperse over time due to the drag of the tenuous atmosphere, solar pressure, and ejection velocities. The purpose of the proposed study is to solve this problem so that not only can valid individual targets be provided, but also that the threat complex will retain appropriate viewing geometries and separation distances typical of a real threat. |
| MICROSAT SYSTEMS
8130 Shaffer Parkway Littleton, CO 80127 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 285-5153
Mr. Jeff Summers MDA 05-018 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Reconfigurable, Commercial-based Avionics for Responsive Microsatellite Targets |
| Abstract: | The Missile Defense Agency is seeking novel techniques to enable coherent, accurate, and sustained operation of ground-based phased array radars. MicroSat Systems, a small satellite developer is proposing a low cost Intelligent Power and Data Ring (IPDR) avionics architecture. IPDR for Responsive Microsatellite Target Systems takes advantage of initiatives to integrate high performance, low cost commercial electronics and processors into spacecraft avionics. This architecture provides a near-term solution to reconfigurable avionics while distributing power and data management functions on a single circuit. By integrating the MSI protocol converter technology with the ABET Technologies Digital Current System, MSI provides a network with standardized attachment nodes that carries data and power on the IPDR. This network can host a variety of data protocols and implements a SpaceWire core to support high speed data transfer around the ring and any user-programmable protocol from the ring out to peripheral devices. The standardization of the node design enables full modularity and growth from a minimum of three nodes reducing spacecraft integration to a few days. Since the system is implemented with a common set of standard nodes instead of custom cards in a card cage, the hardware costs are only 40-60% of centralized systems. |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC.
20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(978) 689-0003
Dr. Prakash B. Joshi MDA 05-018 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Variable Size, Repeatedly Deployable, Ultra-lightweight Space Targets [7286-160] |
| Abstract: | Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop a Microsatellite-based Target System (MTS) that can form and deploy extremely lightweight, hollow, spherical targets with good radar and optical reflectivity. The system will be capable of deploying single or multiple spherical targets from small injectors (~ 1 cm diameter) located around the spacecraft. Each target can be deployed in such a way that its final size can be varied from tens of centimeters to a few meters diameter depending on the need. This ability to repeatedly form targets of different sizes is a distinguishing characteristic of our approach, making it a truly polymorphic target system capable of changing optical/radar signature of a microsatellite. In Phase I, we will experimentally investigate materials and fabrication methods for the target. We will measure optical and radar reflectivity and its dependence on physical characteristics of the target. In Phase II we will develop protoflight hardware for integration and launch on a space mission, followed by space validation testing in Phase III. |
| GH SYSTEMS, INC.
655 Discovery Drive, Suite 302 Huntsville, AL 35806 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(256) 428-0050
Dr. Jonathan Fisher MDA 05-019 Selected for Award |
| Title: | Radiation Hardened Optical Filters for Focal Plan Assemblies |
| Abstract: | Missile Defense surveillance and interceptor sensor operations typically use cryogenically cooled infrared sensors that operate while being exposed to natural space radiation and possibly to nuclear weapon radiation, both of which have the potential to degrade system performance. USASMDC's Hardened Infrared Optical Components (HIROC) program test results indicate that cryogenically cooled optical filters are susceptible to low levels of ionizing radiation dose, and thus pose a potential problem in an operational scenario. A solution to this problem requires the development of radiation hardened infrared optical filters. The GH Systems' team, including Surface Optics Corporation and ATK Mission Research, is proposing a multi-phase program to develop and commercialize radiation hardened IR filters. The proposed Phase I effort will investigate the radiation damage mechanisms, develop strategies to fabricate radiation hardened IR filters, develop an overall technology development and test plan, and perform limited radiation testing and material characterization. Our planned |