| 361 INTERACTIVE, LLC
408 Sharts RoadSuite 7 Springboro, OH 45066 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(937) 743-0361
Mr. Michael J. McCloskey OSD 06-CR1 Awarded: 21MAY07 |
| Title: | A Cognitive Approach to Promoting Cross-Cultural Perspective Taking Skills |
| Abstract: | Cultures differ in cognition. These cognitive differences naturally result in expectancy violations and perceptual mismatches between people of different cultures. And while they are, by nature, difficult to observe, a culture's cognitive attributes significantly influence individual perceptions and overt behaviors. A training program that addresses general cross-cultural perspective taking skills needs to acknowledge these cognitive differences and make them a primary focus. We propose to use the Cultural Lens Model, an innovative cognitive model that integrates multiple theories on cultural differences, as a guiding framework for the proposed effort. The Cultural Lens Model offers a structure for understanding, explaining, and potentially predicting reasoning and decision-making behaviors of members of different cultures. Our resultant program will integrate required baseline knowledge within the context of skill-building, scenario-based exercises. It will provide trainees with a general mental model of how cultures differ in cognition, along with the ability to apply that model to themselves and others. By exploiting several existing technologies from previous efforts, we will demonstrate the feasibility and inherent value of our concept with a functional Phase I prototype. The prototype will contain modules for both Army cultural trainers and self-taught trainees. |
| ECROSSCULTURE
777 29th Street, Suite 102 Boulder, CO 80303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 544-1978
Ms. Linda Roan OSD 06-CR1 Awarded: 21MAY07 |
| Title: | Innovative Perspective Taking |
| Abstract: | Consider a typical Army soldier. He's young, he probably has not been abroad before entering the military, he has not been to college, and he is serving in very dangerous situations. He also may not have joined the military with the intention of taking on the role of peacekeeper. Yet the cultural skills he needs are crucial to the success of the US military's missions in foreign environments. Building trust, communicating effectively, and establishing positive relationships with civilians where possible not only furthers US goals, but helps keep him alive. Our challenge is to provide him with the these skills. |
| JOB PERFORMANCE SYSTEMS, INC.
1240 N. Pitt St, Alexandria, VA 22314 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 683-5805
Dr. Douglas Rosenthal OSD 06-CR1 Awarded: 14MAY07 |
| Title: | Navigating the Human Terrain: Development of Cross-Cultural Perspective Taking Skills |
| Abstract: | The success of many U.S. military missions depends on working effectively with others from different countries. To do this requires, at all levels of our force structure, an appreciation of the intricacies of societal and tribal cultures and the complexity of human-to-human interactions. The current effort focuses particularly on junior military personnel (E1-E5; O1-04) and the type of intercultural interactions that they typically encounter. Soldiers at this level must know how to establish a relationship with the local populace based on understanding, trust, and mutual interest. The goal of this SBIR effort is to design an automated, deployable culture-general training system. The ultimate product will be deliverable via web technology or CD-ROM and will be SCORM compliant. This document describes our rationale and approach for developing an engaging culture-general training system that will provide high quality knowledge and skill training. The main components of the system will be a curriculum designed to systematically build intercultural knowledge and skills, using multi-media training tools to effectively convey the training content and to provide practice on relevant skills. |
| ORGANIZATIONAL RESEARCH GROUP, LLC
5329 Buckhead Trail Knoxville, TN 37919 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(865) 256-2171
Dr. Joan Rentsch OSD 06-CR1 Awarded: 21MAY07 |
| Title: | Navigating the Human Terrain: Development of Cross-Cultural Perspective Taking Skills |
| Abstract: | As the U.S. Army increasingly operates in multicultural environments, Army leaders at a minimum must develop relationships with the local people. Multicultural perspective-taking competencies will enable leaders to build relationships and to function effectively in multicultural environments. Multicultural perspective-taking competencies are generalizable competencies that will enable Army leaders to extract, interpret, and utilize cultural information in any culture. Recent research (Rentsch & Gundersen, 2006) has identified a set of multicultural perspective-taking competencies including self-awareness, personal and interpersonal skills, regional expertise, extraction skills, interpretation skills, and the development of cultural schema. These multicultural perspective-taking competencies were extracted from a broad search of research in cultural anthropology, psychology, international business, and adult education. Two primary objectives of the proposed effort are (1) to identify any additional multicultural perspective-taking competencies based on interviews with subject matter experts and (2) to develop a prototype training and development system for the initial acquisition of multicultural perspective-taking competencies. To conduct this project, a multidisciplinary team with expertise in intercultural communications and relations, cultural and cognitive anthropology, cross-cultural counseling, international business, training, and adult education has been assembled. |
| APTIMA, INC.
12 Gill StreetSuite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(202) 842-1548
Dr. Jared Freeman OSD 06-CR2 Awarded: 21MAY07 |
| Title: | Modeling Accurate Cultural Behaviors for Effective Training of Humans (MACBETH) |
| Abstract: | The Global War on Terror requires coalition forces to engage with diverse cultures. This requires robust knowledge of cultures and skill at handling them. Current cultural training devices fail to leverage the theory, data, or interfaces necessary to deliver culturally rich training and mission rehearsal. We propose to develop a system for Modeling Accurate Cultural Behaviors for Effective Training of Humans (MACBETH), which addresses these challenges by providing a comprehensive framework (theory) for describing culturally derived behavior; a data capture and modeling tool to use for generating representations of behavior; and a systematic method for evaluating interfaces for cultural training. Specifically, the MACBETH team will: (1) develop a framework for representing cultural behaviors, (2) develop scenarios that exercise the framework, (3) define techniques for capturing behavioral data, evaluate gaming environments, (4) demonstrate our technical results, and (5) craft a Phase II validation plan. |
| CHI SYSTEMS, INC.
1035 Virginia DriveSuite 300 Fort Washington, PA 19034 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 542-1400
Dr. Wayne Zachary OSD 06-CR2 Awarded: 21MAY07 |
| Title: | Modeling Culturally Accurate Behavior via Multiplayer Game Environments |
| Abstract: | Military simulations involving non-player characters (NPCs) from non-US cultures are becoming increasingly important for training and mission rehearsal. However, creating culturally-realistic behaviors for these characters remains a technical challenge because there is not a clear standard or process for creating behaviors that are consistent with a given culture. This Phase I effort will design a solution to the problem via a set of tools, called CulturePad, that allow cultural behaviors to be empirically captured and abstracted in such a way that the resulting abstraction can be used to efficiently create accurate models of the cultural behaviors of non-US NPCs. An important objective of the Phase I research is analyzing the potential obstacles to capturing and simulating culturally appropriate behavior, and developing strategies to mitigate these in the CulturePad design. The CulturePad concept is based on a generative narrative representation which has been shown to hold validity as a way of capturing cultural knowledge in multiple cultural settings, and has also been shown to be a feasible way of generating behaviors for computer-generated synthetic agents. This will be accomplished, in part through empirical studies comparing how culture-specific scenarios would be played out in a multiplayer game versus a live `role-play' simulation. |
| PATHFINDER SYSTEMS, INC.
200 Union Blvd., Suite 300 Lakewood, CO 80228 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 763-8660
Sheila Jaszlics OSD 06-CR2 Awarded: 21MAY07 |
| Title: | Cognitive Net Accurate Cultural Trainer (CONTACT) |
| Abstract: | Current simulation-based training systems typically support training for conventional combat operations against organized military threat and require large numbers of support personnel to operate. These systems model very limited types of Non Player Characters (NPCs) used to simulate threat forces and non-combatants. The cost and time required to expand the capability of these systems by adding new NPC types, to meet additional training needs, is prohibitive. The expense of these systems makes them largely unavailable to our military personnel at the frequency they require, where they need it. Finally, the time required to develop training scenarios is unacceptable, running into months, when even a few hours may be too long for out military personnel to wait. In this effort we will design and prototype an efficient, low-cost capability to quickly model large numbers of NPC types with the abilities to quickly input cultural aspects and traits. The resulting system will allow users to quickly create and assess NPCs that can be directly inserted into training environments that support warfighters in all echelons and across all simulation domains. The system will significantly reduce the number of personnel required to support simulation-based training events. The effort will also reduce simulation development time and cost by streamlining the NPC modeling process. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
951 Mariner's Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 931-2700
Mr. Ryan Houlette OSD 06-CR3 Awarded: 26APR07 |
| Title: | Tools and Technologies for Inserting Deep Cultural Context into Mission Training Simulations |
| Abstract: | We propose the development of a system for deep cultural adaptation of synthetic agent behaviors and environmental objects within mission training simulations. This adaptation will incorporate cognitive cultural influences into trainee interactions to meet the training objectives of adapting military skills to specific cultural environments. Training objectives supported by the system will include familiarity with specific material artifacts and observable behavioral attributes on the part of synthetic agents, and deep understanding of the cultural cognitions and relationships that constrain and determine such behaviors. We will evaluate existing technologies for their capacity to provide this deep cultural context for trainee interactions, and the feasibility of their impact on training outcomes. These technologies will constitute a toolset that is capable of reproducing empirical data from the field, and conforming to theoretically sound models of the influence of culture in human behavior. We will develop and demonstrate an architectural framework establishing the interoperability of this toolset in satisfaction of culturally specific skill training objectives. |
| TACTICAL LANGUAGE TRAINING, LLC
11965 Venice Blvd, Suite 402 Los Angeles, CA 90066 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 566-7272
Dr. Andre Valente OSD 06-CR3 Awarded: 07MAY07 |
| Title: | Tools for Creating Skill Training Content in Distributed Simulations |
| Abstract: | The goal of this project is to develop tools for creating cultural skill training content for distributed simulations. It will leverage the technology and content of current Tactical Language and Culture Training System products, including the highly successful Tactical Iraqi training system. The project will focus research in the following areas in order to fully meet the objectives of the SBIR solicitation: (1) develop tools for creating rich knowledge bases of culturally significant objects and behaviors suitable for incorporation into interactive training scenarios, (2) develop authoring tools for specifying multi-user training scenarios in distributed virtual simulations, incorporating culturally significant elements, (3) support these cultural elements and scenarios within distributed virtual simulations, and (4) evaluate the tools and training techniques with appropriate military personnel. |
| VCOM3D, INC.
3452 Lake Lynda Dr., Suite 260 Orlando, FL 32817 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 737-7309
Dr. Edward M. Sims OSD 06-CR3 Awarded: 01MAY07 |
| Title: | Tools for Creating Objects and Behaviors for Distributed Simulations with a Cultural Context |
| Abstract: | For this Phase I SBIR project, we will identify key aspects of culturally-influenced behaviors that can impact a soldier's or junior leader's ability to successfully communicate and collaborate with local populations and coalition forces during the conduct of peacekeeping and humanitarian missions. Based on this analysis, we will develop a conceptual framework for modeling these behaviors such that they may be used in distributed training simulations. Using Vcom3D and third-party authoring tools, we will develop and evaluate simulations of culture-specific behaviors, and will demonstrate these in proof-of-concept training scenarios. Working with our subcontractors, Forterra Systems and Soar Technologies, we will also demonstrate how these behaviors can be integrated with multi-player gaming platforms and with computer-generated forces. Key features of the proposed approach include: . Use of a library of over 600 "context aware", culture-specific behaviors originally developed for the DARWARS initiative. . Highly detailed virtual human models capable of multi-lingual speech with lip-sync, facial expression, gesture, proxemic, and haptic behaviors. For Phase II, we will use lessons learned from Phase I to develop a fully functional, extensible prototype simulation and supporting toolset that can be used to create training simulations that embed both computer-generated and player-controlled characters with culture-specific behaviors. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC.
625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Dr. Scott Neal Reilly OSD 06-CR4 Awarded: 24APR07 |
| Title: | Culturally Aware Agents for Training Environments (CAATE) |
| Abstract: | During the last decade, the U.S. Army has conducted a wide range of missions within the context of very different cultures. These missions often require Soldiers to interact and communicate personally and effectively with people whose cultures, languages, lifestyle, and beliefs are very different from those found in the U.S. It has become increasingly clear that strategy, operational plans, and implementing procedures must occur in the context of local cultural constraints in order to be effective. We propose a simulation-based training approach to providing the necessary training for success across such culturally situated missions. By focusing on the social and cultural elements that most affect mission success, we believe we can limit the problem to a tractable size. We propose to design and demonstrate the feasibility of Culturally Aware Agents for Training Environments (CAATE), a modeling and simulation tool for software agents that demonstrate the necessary cultural skills and behaviors for maximally affordable and effective culturally situated training systems. CAATE will embody sound didactic methodologies, it will utilize social network models for modeling the social and cultural situation, and it will support the development of human behavior models with built-in behavior moderator support to model appropriate cultural behavior. |
| SOAR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
3600 Green Court Suite 600 Ann Arbor, MI 48105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(407) 207-2237
Dr. Douglas Reece OSD 06-CR4 Awarded: 07MAY07 |
| Title: | Cultural Behavior Generation for Distributed Simulation |
| Abstract: | U.S. Army personnel need realistic cultural training to carry out Stability and Support Operations (SASO) in foreign environments. Virtual environments supported by simulations such as the OneSAF Objective System (OOS) could help fill this training need. To do this, the simulations must model people in foreign cultures. Today's simulations for virtual environments do not have models of intelligent human behavior that are combined with models of mental states, cultural characteristics, and physical expressions of those states and characteristics. Soar Technology, in conjunction with Vcom3D, is proposing to develop a cultural behavior generation (CBG) system that will include the components necessary for generating human behavior characteristic of people of different cultures. These components will include a cognitive behavior model, a human factors model, and a physical behavior model. In Phase I of the proposed project, Soar Technology will review existing culture modeling components and identify technologies that can be applied to the objective CBG system; identify training objectives for a CBG system and develop an exemplary scenario; develop initial designs for integrating CBG into distributed simulations in general and OOS in particular; and provide a functional demonstration of cognitive and physical behavior models working together to produce cultural behavior. |
| ECROSSCULTURE
777 29th Street, Suite 102 Boulder, CO 80303 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 544-1978
Mrs. Linda Roan OSD 06-CR5 Awarded: 08FEB07 |
| Title: | An Innovative, Interactive, Dynamic Mission Planning Tool |
| Abstract: | The proposed planning tool will be designed after an exhaustive review of commercial and military cross-cultural training products, interviews, and literature review. We describe a sound pedagogical approach which includes transition along the cognitive domain, formal phases, and accommodation to varied learner styles. |
| INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC.
15400 Calhoun DriveSuite 400 Rockville, MD 20855 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(301) 294-5260
Dr. Jacqueline Haynes OSD 06-CR5 Awarded: 24JAN07 |
| Title: | Simulation-Based Training Approach to Cross-cultural Training |
| Abstract: | Factual aspects of formal cultural knowledge are well documented. So is information on observable cultural differences such as time and space. Systems for training on these more formal cross-cultural attributes are reasonably straightforward to build, and have been quite effective. On the other hand, the more informal attributes such as communication patterns and styles, inter-relationship power perception, predilection to risk-taking etc. are far more difficult to codify and train as these are neither easily observable nor measurable. Currently deployed cross-cultural training methods have focused mostly on the more formal and easily measurable and trainable aspects of cross-cultural training. However these methods are woefully inadequate or prohibitively expensive for training in the informal attributes. In this proposal, we provide a novel and inexpensive solution. We propose an innovative simulation-based cross-cultural training environment, where trainees learn skills through compelling interactive stories. For this purpose, our approach will utilize (a) Interactive Pedagogical Drama (IPD) based adaptable training to create interactive stories where trainees interact with the characters in a realistic, narrative-driven, story-based setting; (b) intelligent agent-based infrastructure to model believable role-playing characters with motivations, attitudes and emotions; and (c) SCORM-compliant web-based distance learning infrastructure to deliver accessible training content. |
| KINECTION
302 Cypress Avenue Santa Cruz, CA 95062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(831) 426-6301
Mr. Doug Nelson OSD 06-CR5 Awarded: 16FEB07 |
| Title: | The Cultural Fluency Toolkit: Cultural Training for Human-to-Human Interactions at the Tactical Level |
| Abstract: | We propose to create a "Cultural Fluency Toolkit," a self-paced, computer-based training tool that personnel involved in SSTR operations will use to develop cultural fluency skills in general, and fluency skills for Mid-East cultures in particular. The Toolkit will incorporate several innovative approaches in terms of content, instructional approach, and technical design. It will convey the following direct benefits to DOD. 1) It will directly improve the performance of junior military personnel in the Middle East. 2) It will engage and motivate learners through games, simulations, and other techniques, increasing interest in cultural fluency and improving acquisition and retention of specific fluency skills. 3) It will allow ongoing updating at the unit level, so that it will maintain its relevance as the COE changes. 4) It will be inexpensively and easily extendable to other non-Western cultures. 5) It will integrate with and contribute to overall DOD efforts to improve cultural awareness. |
| SMART INFORMATION FLOW TECHNOLOGIES, D/B/A SIFT
211 N 1st St.Suite 300 Minneapolis, MN 55401 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(612) 716-4015
Dr. Christopher Miller OSD 06-CR5 Awarded: 07FEB07 |
| Title: | Interactive Phrasebook |
| Abstract: | Effective cultural training teaches an understanding of appropriate social interactions in context-to take offense when reasonable, to give deference where appropriate, etc. Systems that provide realistic rehearsals have a fundamental need for believability beyond accuracy in appearance, and have the cus-tomizability to alter scenarios so they reflect the needs of the student. We propose using a rich, univer-sal theory of human-human "politeness" behaviors and the culture-specific interpretive frameworks for them (labeled "etiquette") from sociology, linguistics and anthropology to create an interactive and practical training tool. Our model will link observable and inferred aspects of power and familiarity relationships, the degree of imposition of an act (all of which have implications for roles and intents) and the actor's character to produce politeness behavior expectations. By using observations of polite-ness behaviors (or its lack), the same model permits inferences and updates about those attributes, while taking into account potential cultural biases. In Phase I, we will design the architecture of such a sys-tem, provide a Middle-Eastern culture based scenario derived from SSTR operation tasks, and create concrete plans to test the designed system. In Phase II, we will implement the system, conduct a pilot study, and expand cross-cultural content libraries. |
| SONALYSTS, INC.
215 Parkway NorthP.O. Box 280 Waterford, CT 06385 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(860) 326-3792
Dr. James E. McCarthy OSD 06-CR5 Awarded: 01FEB07 |
| Title: | Interactive Learning Environment for Managing Socio-cultural Influences on Human-to-Human Interactions at the Tactical Level |
| Abstract: | Sonalysts, Inc. is pleased to propose the Tactical Multicultural Experience Development System (TAC-MEDS) to provide junior military personnel with the experience they need to excel. The TAC-MEDS System will contain basic instruction in multi-cultural interaction principles, skills, and attitudes. Beyond that, the TAC-MEDS System will include a Practice Environment in which users can interact with various characters in realistic situations, observe their results, and get coaching. It will also include a Question-and-Answer (Q&A) Environment in which users can interact with a knowledge base as if they were talking to experienced peers. The TAC-MEDS System will deliver the training "any time and any place." The goal of the TAC-MEDS System will be to allow users to explore new situations, fail as necessary, and learn from those failures before they are faced with real-time events, which will require the application of those skills. The old adage holds that, "Good judgment is the result of experience, and experience is the result of poor judgment." The TAC-MEDS System will give warriors the experience they need to succeed. Further, the experience will take place in a safe, structured environment in which errors do not jeopardize mission success and constructive coaching can be delivered. |
| COMMAND PERFORMANCE RESEARCH, INC.
1201 Waverly Dr. Champaign, IL 61821 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(217) 621-3918
Dr. Anna T Cianciolo OSD 06-CR6 Awarded: 14FEB07 |
| Title: | Interactive Learning Environment for Managing Multinational, Interagency, and Other Interactions in Stability, Security, Transition and Reconstruction Operations |
| Abstract: | The post-Cold War era has witnessed significant growth in the number of latent tensions that have exploded into violent conflicts. The civil and humanitarian emergencies created by these conflicts have produced an unprecedented need for stability, security, transition, and reconstruction operations, requiring cooperation between military forces and NGOs. Cultural differences between the military and NGOs have made collaboration difficult. Educational and performance-support interventions designed to enhance interpersonal effectiveness in joint military-NGO operations are badly needed and may have significant impact on the success of efforts to win international peace. To address this need, CPResearch is proposing to research and develop a web-based system that will enable the synchronous, distributed, collective development of military-NGO team planning capabilities through cultural awareness education, knowledge management techniques, and deliberate practice. CPResearch will team with Pearson Knowledge Technologies, known for its innovative latent semantic analysis algorithms, so that automated content analysis may serve as the backbone for sequencing reference material and exercise scenarios, providing information push at key learning moments, and enabling augmented team collaboration with real and virtual teammates. This proposal describes the Phase I research, design, and prototyping we plan to undertake to guide the development of a fully functional Phase II product. |
| GOLDRUSH77.COM
7770 Ramona Dr Navarre, FL 32566 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(850) 936-0377
Mr. Joseph H. Caruth, Jr. OSD 06-CR6 Awarded: 26FEB07 |
| Title: | Interactive Learning Environment for Managing Multinational, Interagency, and Other Interactions in Stability, Security, Transition and Reconstruction Operations |
| Abstract: | OSD06-CR6 Abstract Social, cultural and organizational differences between U.S. military forces (USMs), multinational forces (MNFs), other U.S. and foreign government agencies (OGAs) and non-government organizations (NGOs) make interactions between members of these organizations engaged in stability, security, transition and reconstruction operations (SSTR) less effective. Opportunities exist to develop a SCORM compliant, interactive computer based simulation to educate and exercise USMs in the principles of effective interactions with MNFs, OGAs and NGOs. Although differences in national and organizational culture contribute to difficulties, cultural diversity is not the only problem. Differences in organizational missions, structures and processes, human resources policies, reward systems and cultures create problems that make communication, coordination, cooperation and ultimately collaboration less effective across organizational boundaries. Our first goal will be to identify the context, profiles of participating organizations, principles and practices of successful inter-organizational interactions through a literature review, Lessons Learned and critical incident interviews with USMs, MNFs, OGAs and NGOs. The second goal is to develop a pedagogic strategy, review military and commercial educational software products, choose a software supplier and design a system of technology tools. Our third goal is to create a plan with timetable and budget for the development of the software tools. |
| KINECTION
302 Cypress Avenue Santa Cruz, CA 95062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(831) 426-6301
Mr. Doug Nelson OSD 06-CR6 Awarded: 20FEB07 |
| Title: | The Toolkit for Interorganizational Effectiveness: Training Multinational, Interagency, and Other Interactions in SSTR Operations |
| Abstract: | We propose to create a Toolkit for Interorganizational Effectiveness, a self-paced, computer-based training tool that personnel involved in SSTR operations will use to develop the skills required to cooperate effectively with counterparts from other organizational cultures. The Toolkit will incorporate several innovative approaches in terms of content, instructional approach, and technical design. It will convey the following direct benefits to DOD. 1) It will directly improve the performance of military personnel involved in SSTR operations. 2) It will engage and motivate learners through games, simulations, and other techniques, increasing interest in interorganizational effectiveness, and improving acquisition and retention of specific skills. 3) It will allow ongoing updating at the unit level, so that it will maintain its relevance as the COE changes. 4) It will be inexpensively and easily extendable to other non-Western cultures. 5) It will integrate with and contribute to overall DOD efforts to improve cultural awareness. |
| STRATEGIC ANALYSIS, INC.
3601 Wilson Blvd, Suite 500 Arlington, VA 22201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 527-5410
Dr. Evelyn Dahm OSD 06-CR6 Awarded: 14FEB07 |
| Title: | Interactive Learning Environment for Managing Multinational, Interagency, and Other Interactions in Stability, Security, Transition and Reconstruction Operations |
| Abstract: | The technical objective is to design a dynamic mission planning tool that increases cognitive readiness and adaptability of U.S. military personnel for interacting in Coalition SSTR operations tasks with OGAs, MNFs, and NGOs. The technical approach includes a literature review and engagement with U.S. military, foreign counterparts and civilians to identify social, cultural and organizational dimensions that impact human-to-human and group interactions among MNFs, OGAs and NGOs; challenges military personnel face in interpersonal/group interactions with the Coalition; approaches and behaviors that have worked and not been successful; and, complex organizational, cultural, social, and language information relevant to interpersonal/group interactions. The technical approach includes assessment of existing commercial/military products that may be applicable to increasing cognitive readiness and adaptability. We will integrate theoretical insights from fields (e.g., cultural studies, cognitive and organizational psychology), with military perspectives. A knowledge engineering, modeling, and simulation tool, Discovery MachineT E3W, will be integrated with the literature, U.S. military, foreign counterparts and civilian engagement, and encode and capture best practices for human-to-human interaction in the form of hierarchical models. The models and technology assessment will enable the design of a planning tool that allows warfighters to prepare for Coalition tasks with MNFs, OGAs, and NGOs. |
| OPTIMETRICS, INC.
3115 Professional Drive Ann Arbor, MI 48104 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 973-1177
Dr. Brian T. Mitchell OSD 06-CR7 Awarded: 30JAN07 |
| Title: | A Multi-Media Approach to Realistic Social and Cultural Skills Training |
| Abstract: | The goal of this project is to develop GreenLabs: a web-based, collaborative e-learning environment for the development, delivery, and evaluation of multimedia training sequences that teach cross-cultural communications concepts and provide detailed, media-rich descriptions of target cultures on demand. A two-step process has been identified as being optimal for providing Soldiers with concepts relevant to their needs. The basic course will teach culture-general skills with practical exercises that break down barriers of communication while preserving the student's individual sense of culture, military culture, and the cognitive patterns on which their lives depend. The advanced course will provide culture-specific information and basic language instruction. Every sequence in both courses will include dynamic text, animations, sound, video, and will feature a small, agile game or simulation that demonstrates and reinforces the concepts presented in the sequence. GreenLabs will facilitate the development and packaging of these games within focused sequences of training that will be available via the internet or on CD-ROM. The focus of these courses of training is on individual distributed learning, though it will be possible to integrate the courseware into group classes led by an instructor. All courses will be SCORM-compliant and provide real-time feedback on students' progress. |
| TACTICAL LANGUAGE TRAINING, LLC
11965 Venice Blvd, Suite 402 Los Angeles, CA 90066 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(310) 566-7272
Dr. Andre Valente OSD 06-CR7 Awarded: 16FEB07 |
| Title: | Web-Enabled Interactive Culture and Language Training |
| Abstract: | The goal of this project is to create an interactive computer-based mission planning tool that helps guide US military personnel in how to apply their cultural understanding in interactions with military counterparts and civilians in non-Western cultures. It will leverage the technology and content of current Tactical Language and Culture Training System products, including the highly successful Tactical Iraqi training system. To meet the needs of this SBIR topic, we need to develop an alternative Web-compatible delivery platform that retains the key interactive characteristics of TLCTS, and populate it with relevant social and cultural skill content. This research will focus on four major areas (1) developing an implementation of cultural lesson and exercise pages for the Web; (2) developing an execution engine that can execute interactive scenarios on the Web; (3) developing learner assessment and feedback for Web-based delivery; and (4) author additional training content, and (5) evaluating training effectiveness. |
| CHI SYSTEMS, INC.
1035 Virginia DriveSuite 300 Fort Washington, PA 19034 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(215) 542-1400
Dr. Floyd Glenn OSD 06-CR8 Awarded: 31JAN07 |
| Title: | Training Optimization for Generic Game-based Learning Environments (TOGGLE) |
| Abstract: | Stability, Security, Transition, and Reconstruction (SSTR) operations require U.S. military personnel to interact and communicate effectively with people whose cultures, languages, and beliefs are very different from their own. SSTR operations require tact and understanding of the motives and tendencies of indigenous populations in order to defuse tense situations, prevent civil disturbances, and obtain cooperation. Traditional tactical training must be augmented with cultural intelligence and negotiations training. The U.S. military has sponsored previous research into the application of computer game technology for this purpose. In past efforts, learning has been opportunistic and no systematic training methodology has been applied. Previous systems typically lacked training mechanisms such as training goals, performance standards, student models, instructor feedback, and performance remediation/appraisal. To meet this challenge, we propose to develop a training life cycle methodology that is mediated and facilitated by executable cognitive models of the student, the instructor, and the training process itself. The Training Optimization for Generic Game-based Learning Environments (TOGGLE) system will meet the specific training need of Arabic cultural familiarization and negotiations training and will also focus on the use of student models and instructional design practices to develop games that can demonstrate true training effectiveness. |
| SOAR TECHNOLOGY, INC.
3600 Green Court Suite 600 Ann Arbor, MI 48105 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(734) 327-8000
Dr. Lisa Scott Holt OSD 06-CR8 Awarded: 12FEB07 |
| Title: | IMPACT: Intelligent Modeling for Pedagogically-Aware Cultural Training |
| Abstract: | Soar Technology proposes to build IMPACT (Intelligent Modeling For Pedagogically-Aware Cultural Training), a sophisticated, agent-based system to enable immersive, realistic practice environments for cultural training. IMPACT features a robust student model that represents a broad matrix of culturally appropriate skills and an intelligent director agent that uses the student model to provide performance feedback in either or two modes: explicitly through spoken directives or implicitly through the dynamic adaptation of characters and events in the training scenario. IMPACT supports pedagogically-sound cultural training that is cost-effective, easily deployed, and highly adaptive to individual needs, beyond what is presently possible in state-of-the-art computer-based training or live training exercises. IMPACT will result in better supported, more focused, more enjoyable, and ultimately more effective computer-based cultural skills training. |
| CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC.
625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(617) 491-3474
Dr. Ashley Nunes OSD 06-CR9 Awarded: 30JAN07 |
| Title: | Tool for enhancing operator Appreciation of socio-Cultural information through Intelligent agent-based Training (TACIT) |
| Abstract: | The ability to classify threats is dependent on a mission planner's ability to integrate various categories of information. Socio-cultural information represents one information type that while important has traditionally been ignored by systems developers seeking to enhance the training capabilities of operators. To address these shortcomings, we propose to design and demonstrate the Tool for enhancing Appreciation of socio-Cultural information through Intelligent agent-based Training (TACIT), to significantly improve the decision-making capability of mission planners. Three core components characterize our approach. First, we will perform a work domain analysis in the context of a realistic scenario to understand what types of socio-cultural information mission planners can and should reason about, develop training regiments addressing difficulties faced by these operators, develop a knowledge base of sources and categories of information and provide insight into existing training and its shortcomings. Second, we will design and demonstrate an agent-based instruction system that integrates intelligent training techniques, visualization concepts for representing socio-cultural information, and that includes user interfaces for the design of training scenarios. Third, we will validate our approach to training and develop measures for operator assessment. We will leverage our team's expertise in training, visualization and intelligent agent development to rapidly demonstrate TACIT. |
| SECURBORATION, INC.
695 Sanderling Dr Indialantic, FL 32903 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(321) 591-9836
Mr. Lee Krause OSD 06-CR9 Awarded: 30JAN07 |
| Title: | Training for Socio-Cultural Considerations in Planning |
| Abstract: | Securboration, working closely with Dr. Eugene Santos Jr, from Dartmouth College, creates a world-class, socio-cultural training program development team. With an extensive background and expertise in Air Operations Center (AOC) operations, effects-based planning and assessment, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, and modeling and simulation (including modeling cultural influences on adversary behavior), Securboration will design "an instrumented training environment for AOC planning mediated by socio-cultural consideration." Securboration will leverage existing technology and previous work on effect-based planning and assessment in the AOC environment to develop this socio-cultural training environment. Securboration's innovative solution will include: 1) analysis of the socio-cultural considerations most critical to air campaign planning, 2) examination of existing training programs for areas of success and improvement, 3) training module(s) to address the gaps in existing training, 4) scenarios/simulations to address socio-cultural considerations in planning, and 5) evaluation criteria to measure the effectiveness of the training module. |
| STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC.
951 Mariner's Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 931-2700
Mr. James Ong OSD 06-CR9 Awarded: 30JAN07 |
| Title: | Scenario-based Training for Socio-Cultural Effects-Based Planning |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop a computer-based training system for socio-cultural effects-based air operations planning. The system would present planning scenarios to a single student or multiple students to provide simulated planning experiences with automated hinting and instruction. For example, a student might be asked to lead a planning cell to research the operational environment and describe the battlefield effects (including terrain, weather, cultural terrain, and their effect on friendly and enemy COA). The scenario would challenge the student to apply cultural cognizance skills as well as air operations planning skills to carry out the simulated air operations planning task. Intelligent tutoring capabilities would monitor and assess the student's planning processes and products and provide instructional feedback via interactive tutoring dialog. We will enhance our existing, general-purpose rapid simulation development tools and add application-specific authoring and run-time capabilities that simplify scenario development and enhance their instructional effectiveness for this subject area. During Phase I, we will carry out a front end analysis to develop a preliminary model of military cultural factors and their relationship to effects-based air operations planning that provide conceptual guidance to scenario developers during scenario development. We will develop a software prototype to illustrate our instructional approach and elicit feedback. |
| CERAMATEC, INC.
2425 South 900 West Salt Lake City, UT 84119 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(801) 978-2162
Dr. S. Elango Elangovan OSD 06-EP1 Awarded: 23FEB07 |
| Title: | Development of a Sulfur-Tolerant Anode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell |
| Abstract: | Fuel flexibility is a major advantage of a solid oxide fuel cell as a power generation device. However, present fuel cell anodes do not tolerate the sulfur compounds that are commonly present in both military and commercial liquid fuels. The proposed work will concentrate on developing and demonstrating a sulfur tolerant anode for a solid oxide fuel cell. The performance demonstration will be done at a practical fuel utilization and operating temperature. |
| FRANKLIN FUEL CELLS
83 Great Valley Parkway Malvern, PA 19355 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(610) 640-7545
Mr. Eduardo Paz OSD 06-EP1 Awarded: 21FEB07 |
| Title: | Sulfur-Tolerant Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Anodes |
| Abstract: | Franklin Fuel Cells proposes to develop and demonstrate an SOFC anode design having the capability of operating on high sulfur content reformate fuels. Its current cell design utilizing a copper / ceria based anode has demonstrated the capability to operate without poisoning on hydrogen fuel containing up to 450 ppmw H2S at 800C. In this project, we propose to examine the factors that affect sulfur poisoning, improve the anode formulation, if necessary, and demonstrate long term operation on high sulfur reformates under conditions typical for an SOFC stack / system. |
| FUNCTIONAL COATING TECHNOLOGY, LLC.
1801 Maple Ave. suite 5320 Evanston, IL 60201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(847) 467-5376
Dr. Ilwon Kim OSD 06-EP1 Awarded: 21FEB07 |
| Title: | Demonstration of Novel Oxide Materials As Sulfur-Tolerant SOFC Anodes |
| Abstract: | Functional Coating Technology LLC, working with Northwestern University, has recently developed new anodes that are either all-oxide materials or oxides that contains a small amount of a nano electro-catalyst metal, e.g., Ru, formed by a novel self-assembly process. Since these anodes work well without Ni, they have potential for substantially improved sulfur tolerance. Prior works have shown that perovskite oxide anodes similar to ours have excellent sulfur tolerance, in some cases working with >10%H2S in the fuel! However, these anodes have typically not shown electrochemical performance consistent with higher power density (~1W/cm2), arguably the key requirement for implementing SOFCs in high power-to-weight ratio, airborne applications. Our new anodes provide this high performance as well as very good sulfur tolerance. The objective of this Phase I project is to explore the feasibility of new materials as high-performance sulfur-tolerant anodes. A main part will be to screen the current anode compositions and several new hybrid compositions in electrolyte-supported cells, using impedance spectroscopy to identify the anode contribution to the performance. The one or two best compositions would be chosen for more detailed testing in follow-up Phase II, that will feature implementation of the new anodes in thin-electrolyte cells for high power densities. |
| MATERIALS MODIFICATION, INC.
2721-D Merrilee Drive Fairfax, VA 22031 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 560-1371
Dr. R. Radhakrishnan OSD 06-EP1 Awarded: 01MAR07 |
| Title: | New Anode Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells |
| Abstract: | Development of a stable anode material that operates on fossil fuels is a fundamental technical target for the next generation of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The conventional Ni/YSZ composite anode show good performance with pure H2 as fuel. However, this anode has a low tolerance to fossil fuels mainly because of the presence of high sulfur content in these fuels. So, alternate anode materials are needed to use military logistic fuels such as JP-8. In this phase I effort, two series of new anode materials will be synthesized and their stability under sulfur containing fuels will be tested. In order to evaluate the electrochemical performance of these anode materials, a small size SOFC will be built and tested using high sulfur-content fuels. The Phase II program will focus on the issues of long-term stability, as well as mid-size SOFC design. Successful completion of the Phase II experimental work will result in the identification of preferred anode material. The SOFC built incorporating this new anode material will enable the use of wide variety of fuels from logistic fuels to synthesis gas. |
| NEXTECH MATERIALS, LTD.
404 Enterprise Dr. Lewis Center, OH 43035 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(614) 842-6606
Dr. Edward M. Sabolsky OSD 06-EP1 Awarded: 22FEB07 |
| Title: | Sulfur-Tolerant Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Anodes |
| Abstract: | In this SBIR Phase I proposal (Topic OSD06-EP1), NexTech Materials, Ltd. will comparatively test anode materials sets for SOFCs for operation on sulfur-containing (200 ppmv H2S) fuels between 700-850,aC. Cell performance and stability will be characterized in both sulfur-containing hydrogen and simulated reformate fuels to provide a better scientific and engineering understanding of the benefits and limitations of the candidate materials sets. Parallel powder and catalyst characterization of the materials will provide a basis for the broader interpretation of the materials performance and operative mechanisms. Based on the optimization of materials performance and comparative testing, the composition(s) exhibiting the best performance will be selected for further development and commercialization in Phase II, providing the Air Force, other branches of the military and the commercial sector, a rapid demonstration of these sulfur-tolerant anode compositions and a commercial source for their acquisition. |
| XRADIA, INC.
4075A Sprig Drive Concord, IL 94520 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(847) 656-6122
Dr. Steve Wang OSD 06-EP1 Awarded: 27FEB07 |
| Title: | X-ray 3D Metrology System for SOFC Development |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop an x-ray imaging system to directly visualize and measure the 3D morphology of the nano-porous electrochemical interaction area of a solid oxide fuel cell. Extensive research efforts are required to increase the efficiency and reliability of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. The proposed system introduces many important new non-destructive in-situ imaging capabilities for measuring structural parameters of an SOFC that directly predict its performance, observing its dynamic structural changes during operation, and studying its aging and contamination mechanism. These direct and relevant information provided by this system will greatly improve the efficiency of SOFC R&D activities, leading to significantly reduced development time and increased reliability. We have demonstrated the basic concept and potential of the proposed system in a preliminary experiment. During the Phase I project, we will demonstrate the ability to prepare a SOFC sample for the imaging operation while maintaining its active area and furthermore, the ability to study the 3D morphology of this sample with sufficient throughput for observing its dynamic changes during normal operation as well as accelerated aging testing. |
| K TECHNOLOGY CORP.
2000 West Cabot Blvd.Suite 150 Langhorne, PA 19047 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(631) 285-6580
Mr. Mark Montesano OSD 06-EP2 Awarded: 18MAY07 |
| Title: | Innovative Stator Thermal Management to Improve High-Torque Motor |
| Abstract: | With the advent of high-power, solid-state converters, variable speed motor and generators are finding wide applications in both DoD and commercial applications. At the same time, advanced system requirements put more demand on motor torque and power output. This proposal based on application of high-conductivity encapsulated graphite in critical motor components promises to increase the torque and power of existing designs by 25% with minimal weight and no external volume impact. The Phase I proposal will demonstrate potential payoff by tests on representative components. |
| LAUNCHPOINT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
5735 Hollister Ave, Suite B Goleta, CA 93117 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(805) 683-9659
Mr. Michael Ricci OSD 06-EP2 Awarded: 19JUL07 |
| Title: | Innovative Motor and Generator Technologies |
| Abstract: | The goal of this project is to design a motor/generator capable of very high power density and tip speeds. The initial application is a third-generation electricity storage flywheel, currently under development at LaunchPoint. This flywheel uses a hubless design in which the motor drive coils (stator) are located in a stationary center, surrounded by a composite rim that spins at high speed. The moving elements of the motor/generator are mounted on the ID of the spinning rim where they are radially supported by high strength composite material and thus capable of spinning at tip speeds in excess of 800 meters/second - far faster than possible in conventional motors. Power levels of several hundred kilowatts appear feasible in a small (22-inch diameter, 8-inch long) form factor, and the design is scalable to much larger sizes and power levels. This project will evaluate design alternatives, determine precise constraints imposed on the electromagnetics by other components, test critical elements, and produce a design that achieves maximum performance. Other applications include high power generators for direct coupling to turbine engines without the need for reduction gears. |
| MAINSTREAM ENGINEERING CORP.
200 Yellow PlacePines Industrial Center Rockledge, FL 32955 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(321) 631-3550
Mr. Brian Tews OSD 06-EP2 Awarded: 13JUL07 |
| Title: | Development of an Advanced Cooling System for Motors and Generators |
| Abstract: | Typical cooling systems for high power density system include forced air or liquid convection. Problems associated with these single-phase cooling systems are the large thermal gradients that develop along the length of motor and generator stators. These large thermal gradients lead to inefficient systems and decrease overall power density of the machine. Mainstream proposes to develop an advanced thermal epoxy encapsulant and two-phase isothermal cooling system that will allow for the development of even higher power density motors and generators. In conjunction with the two-phase cooling system, Mainstream Engineering proposes developing a new thermal epoxy encapsulant that has a higher thermal conductivity. Mainstream has conducted preliminary research that resulted in an 1100% increase in thermal conductivities for epoxy resins. |
| NUGEN MOBILITY, INC.
44645 Guilford DriveSuite 201 Ashburn, VA 20147 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(703) 858-0036
Mr. John Salatino OSD 06-EP2 Awarded: 29MAR07 |
| Title: | Innovative Motor and Generator Technologies |
| Abstract: | NuGen Mobility has demonstrated that their Axial Flux Permanent Magnet motors have high Torque and Power densities, while exhibiting very high efficiencies. In addition, techniques utilized to vary the Rotor-Stator air gap have demonstrated that these high efficiencies can be realized at multiple points in the application's Power-Torque-Speed continuum. Applying this same technique to the generator role of our Axial Flux design, we propose to exploit this ability and provide the generator with multiple "High-efficiency" points of operation. NuGen proposes to demonstrate analytically that as an Integrated Starter-Generator (ISG), high efficiencies can result at low-speed, high torque for engine Start and also at high-speeds for its Generator role. We propose to use this opportunity to both conduct a detailed study of the applicability of this innovation to 50-100kW ISGs and evaluate the potential of axial flux permanent magnet motors as measured against other motor topologies, and demonstrate the technical feasibility and performance gains from the air gap variation at different operating modes. |
| UQM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
7501 Miller Drive PO Box 439 Frederick, CO 80530 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(303) 278-2002
Mr. Josh Ley OSD 06-EP2 Awarded: 09JUL07 |
| Title: | Innovative Motor and Generator Technologies |
| Abstract: | The proposed program meets the objective of improved torque density, power density, and efficiency through a topology that combines permanent magnet and reluctance components. The proposed technology improves upon commercial versions of this topology (most notably, the Toyota Hybrid Synergy motor) through a rotor structure that delivers higher torque and speed. The Phase I program includes the design of a machine in the 50 to 100 kW range (scalable based upon stack length), demonstration of the high speed rotor, and planning for future prototype and production phases. |
| AGILTRON CORP.
15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 935-1200
Dr. Matthew Erdtmann OSD 06-EP3 Awarded: 23FEB07 |
| Title: | Nanocomposite thin films for capacitors |
| Abstract: | We propose to develop new ceramic nanoparticle filled polymer composites for high power capacitors. The new approach combines the leading-edge nanomaterials development and manufacturing at Agiltron, and the plastic engineering technology at the University of Massachusetts, Lowell. We will transfer the high dielectric constant fillers to our new nanodielctrics with extremely improved breakdown strength and extensively lowered dielectric loss. We expect to engineer the surface of the nanoparticles so that it can be homogenously dispersed in a polymer matrix. Our nanocomposites will have a dielectric constant higher than 10, breakdown strength higher than 700MV/m, dielectric loss lower than 0.01, and energy density over 20J/g. Importantly, the loading of ceramic fillers in the nanocomposites will be lower than 50% in volume and our nanodielectric films will be flexible due to the low filler loading, and they can be folded and rolled like plastic sheets to build compact capacitors. The films will be made by extrusion and bilateral stretching. Our novel materials feature high dielectric constant, low loss and high breakdown strength that maximize the energy density. This Phase I will demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach. |
| APPLIED THIN FILMS, INC.
1801 Maple Ave.Suite 5316 Evanston, IL 60201 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(847) 287-6292
Mr. Benjamin J. Mangrich OSD 06-EP3 Awarded: 23FEB07 |
| Title: | A Low-Cost and Scalable Dielectric Films |
| Abstract: | Compact, high-energy-density capacitors will be the key enabling technology for future pulse-power weapon systems that are being pursued by the DoD. These capacitors convert steady electrical energy into short pulses that are needed to energize loads (required for directed energy weapons). There have been recent advances in chemical double layer capacitors, leading to major advances in energy storage capacity, however, there still exists major technical challenges to achieve the required power and energy density, while keeping devices small enough for practical use and lightweight requirements. In order to enable the miniaturization of these capacitors, high energy density dielectric films are needed. To address the specific need for flexible dielectric films, Applied Thin Films, Inc (ATFI) proposes a high throughput, thermally-stable, low cost, solution-based thin film with suitable dielectric properties and flexibility for use in capacitors. In Phase I, dielectric films of various configurations will be deposited on metallic substrates and subsequently tested for dielectric, thermal, and mechanical properties. Microstructural characterization will also be performed to confirm pin-hole free nature of the films. Although preliminary efforts will be employed to determine large area uniformity, scale-up to continuous lengths at relatively high speeds will be pursued in Phase II. |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 Downey Street Norwood, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-9450
Dr. Trung H. Nguyen OSD 06-EP3 Awarded: 23FEB07 |
| Title: | Nanocomposite polymer dielectric film with very high dielectric strength |
| Abstract: | Our goal is to develop nanocomposite dielectric films of SiO2 nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in polymer matrices to produce thin uniform dielectric films for metal-film capacitors. These films will be pinhole free and are targeted to have an extremely high dielectric breakdown voltage of up to 1000 MV/m. The result will be metal/polymer film capacitors with very high energy density, since the latter scales with the square of the voltage. In Phase I, EIC Laboratories will demonstrate the synthesis and fabrication processes for these composite membranes with highly dispersed nano-silica and evaluate their dielectric constants and breakdown strength (Phase I goal 700 MV/m). By the end of Phase II, we will develop prototypes of high energy density pulse-power capacitors employing the novel polymer nanocomposites that can be integrated into DOD future weapon systems. |
| NANOSONIC, INC.
P.O. Box 618 Christiansburg, VA 24068 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(540) 953-1785
Dr. J.H. Lalli OSD 06-EP3 Awarded: 23FEB07 |
| Title: | Deformable Metal RubberTM Capacitors with High Energy-Density Nanostructured Cores |
| Abstract: | NanoSonic would produce highly ordered dielectric-polymer hybrid nanocomposites with high dielectric strength via the modification of high performance polymer backbones (demonstrated for high kV/dt applications) with controlled mole fractions of ferroelectric complexing and crosslink sites. Such materials result in flexible thin film, nanocomposites with extremely homogenous dispersions nanostructured BST particles, specifically as high energy-density (>15 J/g) capacitors for directed energy OSD platforms. The ultra-lightweight nanocomposites are designed to offer high voltage breakdown strength, high thermal stability, high electrical resistance, low CTE, low loss and performance over a wide service temperature range (Tg = -120øC, degradation > 400øC). Polyorganosiloxanes are commonly used as dielectric insulators, and the addition of proprietary pendent sidechain chemical groups increases both the number of BST complexing sites and the high temperature thermal stability needed for high power electronics and microwaves. NanoSonic's novel manufacturing method for flexible dielectric films will be combined with our Metal Rubber technology currently used to impart in-situ electrodes on nearly any surface. The Dielectric-Metal-Rubber capacitors can be strained to greater than 1000% without loss of electrical conductivity or electrode cracking/spalling. Nanocomposite structure/property relationships for dielectric strength as a function of nanoparticulate content would be elucidated during this program to predict performance. |
| STRATEGIC POLYMER SCIENCES, INC.
200 Innovation Blvd.Suite 237 State College, PA 16803 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(814) 238-7400
Dr. Minren Lin OSD 06-EP3 Awarded: 23FEB07 |
| Title: | Novel Processing of Dielectric Films |
| Abstract: | Develop high-performance, state-of-the-art dielectric materials that have high breakdown strength through novel processing methods to enable leading-edge, pulse-power, high-energy-density (>15 J/g) capability with milliseconds to nanoseconds delivery rates (burst mode). |
| COMPACT MEMBRANE SYSTEMS, INC.
325 Water Street Wilmington, DE 19804 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(302) 999-7996
Stuart Nemser OSD 06-EP4 Awarded: 07JUN07 |
| Title: | Highly Oxygen Permeable Perfluoro Membrane for the Air Cathode of Lithium-Air Batteries |
| Abstract: | This proposal addresses development of highly oxygen permeable perfluoromembranes for Lithium-Air organic electrolyte batteries. These batteries have demonstrated very high specific capacity (greater than 500 Wh/kg) at low rates in pure oxygen. Oxygen from the air can be utilized if a membrane is developed that allows for oxygen transport but prevents solvents in the organic electrolyte from diffusion out into cell or attacking the membrane. Compact Membrane Systems, Inc. (CMS) membranes are high flux, defect-free nonporous membranes with very good separation characteristics for passing small molecules such as oxygen while retaining large molecules such as organic based solvents. CMS perfluoromembranes have excellent chemical and thermal resistance and are not plasticized by organic solvents. Data on CMS perfluoro membranes indicate that oxygen/solvent permeability ratios of 850 to 2620 are feasible, well in excess of program target of 200. Program focus will be on providing high oxygen permeability while minimizing loss of the electrolyte material. Liquid-side mass transfer is important to maximize total oxygen transport. The CMS membranes are commercial in several related applications so the probability of technical success is high. The developed oxygen-selective perfluoromembrane is expected to have significant military and commercial applications. |
| EIC LABORATORIES, INC.
111 Downey Street Norwood, MA 02062 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(781) 769-9450
Dr. Dharmasena Peramunage OSD 06-EP4 Awarded: 14MAR07 |
| Title: | Oxygen Permeable Membrane for Lithium Air Batteries |
| Abstract: | The development of a gas permeable membrane with an O2 permeability coefficient (Dk) of > 2000 Barrers and carbonate permeability coefficient of <10 Barrers is proposed. The membrane is designed using a polysiloxane polymer as the basis by taking into account that silicone rubber has the highest oxygen permeability at least two orders of magnitude better than any other polymer known today. The membrane will curtail ingression of moisture into the Li-air cell and minimize egression of electrolyte solvents out of the cell, thus ensuring uninterrupted and steady utilization of its designed capacity and also, preservation of its functionality during extended storage. The high oxygen permeability expected from this membrane will allow the Li-air battery to use ambient air as its oxygen source, and realize specific energies > 500 Wh/kg. The membrane could also be useful in hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells, metal-air battery cells and oxygen sensing devices. The principal Phase I objective is to synthesize materials and to demonstrate the enhanced oxygen transport ability of the membrane while retarding carbonate and moisture transport. They membrane will be free of pinholes and has adequate mechanical properties to be useful in thicknesses as low as 25 micrometers. |
| ENSION, INC.
240 William Pitt Way Pittsburgh, PA 15238 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(412) 828-5209
Dr. Greg Johnson OSD 06-EP4 Awarded: 24APR07 |
| Title: | Oxygen Permeable Membrane for Lithium Air Batteries |
| Abstract: | The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of producing an oxygen permeable membrane using plasma deposition of polymer films on a microporous substrate material. Membranes that are permeable to oxygen are needed to allow oxygen to reach the cathode of a lithium/air galvanic cell, while simultaneously preventing loss of organic electrolyte. Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) coatings will be applied to the surfaces of microporous membrane materials in order to control the molecular/gas barrier properties of the membranes. Prototype membranes will be evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fluorescent dye penetrant, and stability testing to characterize the physicochemical properties of the candidate coated membranes. In addition, gas exchange capability will be evaluated experimentally in gas-gas and gas-liquid environments. |
| MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH, INC.
1360 Willow Road, Suite 103 Menlo Park, CA 94025 | |
| Phone:
PI: Topic#: |
(650) 543-3362
Dr. Tim C. Merkel OSD 06-EP4 Awarded: 20MAR07 |
| Title: | Oxygen-Permeable Membrane for Lithium Air Batteries |
| Abstract: | Membrane Technology and Research Inc. (MTR) proposes to develop oxygen-permeable and organic-rejecting membranes for use as a sealing layer on the cathode of lithium/air batteries. Thin, stable membranes that allow oxygen in air to transport into the cathode, but prevent organic solvents found in batteries from leaking to the environment are required to realize the considerable potential of lithium/air batteries. We believe composite membranes fabricated from perfluorinated polymers are the ideal choice for this application because of their unrivaled chemical stability, high oxygen permeance, and excellent organic solvent barrier properties. In the Phase I program the properties of perfluorinated composite membranes in the presence of organic solvents found in lithium/air bat |