ARMY - 301 Phase I Selections from the 07.2 Solicitation

---------- ARMY ----------

301 Phase I Selections from the 07.2 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

AEROTONOMY, INC. 117 Herron Street Fort Oglethorpe, GA 30742
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(706) 413-1582 Dr. James Neidhoefer ARMY 07-001 Awarded: 10/11/07
Title:	A Small Image-aided Navigation And Path-planning System (SINAPS) for Small UAVs
Abstract:	Due to the limitations and power requirements of modern computational hardware and sensors, the central goals of smallness and high-level autonomy (usually associated with higher algorithmic complexity and computational cost) are directly at odds with each other. Current small UAVs often shed weight through the use of limited sensors and rudimentary algorithms, while very high-level autonomy usually comes packaged in a UAV that is by no means "small." Our proposed project is uniquely situated to tackle this "highly autonomous small UAV" challenge through the innovative combination of high-performance, compact hardware and efficient, advanced algorithms. The proposing team will combine a flight-proven, state-of-the-art miniature avionics system, flight-proven, real-time image processing techniques, and efficient, high-level autonomous guidance algorithms to develop a Small, Image-aided Navigation and Autonomous Path-planning System (SINAPS) for small UAVs. The Phase I result will be a complete flight-proven SINAPS with very high levels of autonomy contained in an extremely small, lightweight package.

SKEYES UNLIMITED CORP. 1660 McElree Rd. Washington, PA 15301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(412) 260-2625 Dr. Omead Amidi ARMY 07-001 Awarded: 10/11/07
Title:	Small UAV High-speed Obstacle and Collision Avoidance
Abstract:	A major roadblock towards full UAV deployment in urban and mountainous areas is their inability to negotiate obstacles and avoid collision with other aircraft while flying at or near cruise speed. There is an urgent need for UAV obstacle and collision detection and avoidance systems, which won't slow down the UAV significantly while analyzing the world and making decisions as to what is the safest route around obstacles and other aircraft. We propose to design and test a low weight, low power, and low cost UAV obstacle and collision detection and avoidance system. We will pursue an approach based on combining laser-, vision-, and acoustic-based systems. We also propose to develop route deconfliction and autonomous obstacle and collision avoidance methods. We will develop aircraft guidance, or planning, methodologies that take into account the amount and type of information provided by the sensors. To minimize data processing latency we propose to closely integrate the sensors and the corresponding pre-processing algorithms.By developing hardware and software in a modular way, we will be able to provide the maximum possible capabilities for each type of UAV at the right weight, power, and cost levels.

ANASPHERE, INC. 6597 Maltse Lane, Unit D Bozeman, MT 59718
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(406) 994-9354 Dr. John A. Bognar ARMY 07-003 Awarded: 10/10/07
Title:	Environmental Sensor for Autonomous UAVS
Abstract:	Improved observations of the battlespace are of key and growing importance in today's combat environment. UAVs are making key contributions in this area, and sensor improvements are a key part of increasing UAV capabilities. However, all sensors are subject to degradation under detrimental environmental conditions. Adding a sensor system to UAVs that enables the in-situ identification and quantification of such conditions will aid in the most effective use of UAVs and their onboard sensors as well as enable more accurate evaluation of the sensor data being returned. Anasphere proposes to develop a highly miniaturized, low-power environmental sensor system - on the order of one to two cubic inches in volume, and with a power consumption on the order of 500 milliwatts - suitable for use on a broad variety of UAVs. Specific quantities to be measured include standard meteorological parameters, visibility, ambient light level, and precipitation rate and type. On-board processing will yield additional value-added parameters of significance. In Phase I, a proof-of-concept system will be designed, fabricated, and demonstrated on a UAV. The Phase I Option will involve definition of Phase II systems and UAV interfaces. Phase II would see iterative design improvements and tests culminating in a production-ready system.

MILSYS TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 408 E. Fourth StreetSuite 204 Bridgeport, PA 19405
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 272-5050 Mr. Glenn Baker ARMY 07-003 Awarded: 10/11/07
Title:	Environmental Sensor for Autonomous UAVS
Abstract:	An innovative multimodal environmental sensor (both LWIR and LIDAR) is proposed. It is accomplished by leveraging COTs technology, advanced optical design and fabrication technology, and commercializing university research. By coupling the two technologies and developing the appropriate algorithms the environmental conditions in front of a UAV can be mapped and communicated and/or used by an autonomous navigation system to control the UAV. The nature of the technology is such that its SWAP will be compatible with some of the smallest UAVs. Overall, this technology will provide capabilities that do not exist in any type of sensor system produced today.

ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. 641 SE Central Parkway Stuart, FL 34994
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(772) 283-0253 Mr. John F Justak ARMY 07-004 Awarded: 10/09/07
Title:	A Compliant Outer Air Seal, (COAS)
Abstract:	Advanced Technologies Group, (ATG)Inc. proposes to develop a self-acting outer air seal for turbine blade tip clearance control. The Compliant Outer Air Seal (COAS) is based on previous successful non-contacting seal developments at ATG. A single COAS will deliver a 3-5% decrease in SFC and a 30-50øC decrease in exhaust gas temperature.

MIDE TECHNOLOGY CORP. 200 Boston Avenue Suite 1000 Medford, MA 02155
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 306-0609 Mr. Attila Lengyel ARMY 07-005 Awarded: 10/10/07
Title:	Innovative Systems to Reduce One per Rev Vibrations in Helicopters
Abstract:	Significant maintenance activity is required to ensure acceptable 1/rev vibration levels from main and tail rotors. These flight and ground based maintenance activities translate into significant cost and downtime for the helicopter operator. Cost has been somewhat mitigated with the use of on-board systems with computerized diagnostic algorithms. The result is better ride comfort which translates into minimized pilot fatigue, and better helicopter and component life. The rotor tuning adjustments typically used are blade pitchlink length adjustment, trim tab angle adjustment, and rotor weight balance adjustment. These adjustments are manually implemented in a relatively inefficient way that is time consuming and sometimes prone to error. Ultimately an overall system is desired that would enable relation of the results of the computerized diagnostic algorithm to the automated rotor adjustment implementation system in an automated way such that the changes are made in a quick, efficient, accurate, repeatable, and error free manner. Mid‚ proposes to develop two innovative, robust solutions to adjusting the pitchlink length and rotor mass balance. Mid‚ has recently developed an active trim tab and successfully tested it on a whirl stand. These systems will be automated and would ultimately be adjusted in flight.

INVERCON, LLC 112 W. Foster Ave. State College, PA 16801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 876-3609 Dr. Joseph Szefi ARMY 07-006 Awarded: 10/11/07
Title:	Robust Hybrid Feedforward-Feedback Control and Dynamic Rotorcraft Simulation for Active Vibration Control
Abstract:	In Phase I program Invercon will team with Bell Helicopter and PSU to further develop a package of simulation models and analysis tools recently created at Bell for AVC system design and evaluation. The analytical models have been developed in Simulink to accurately replicate various rotorcrafts vibration environment in steady flight and in transient maneuvers. The AVC control approach is introduced into the rotorcraft models via airframe and AVC actuator transfer matrices. Ultimately, the effectiveness of the given control approach can be observed through a time domain airframe response. Invercon and PSU will introduce hybrid feedforward-feedback control approaches into the model which incorporate both a modern control approach, such as the Linear Quadradtic Guassian (LQG) based on identified state space models, while also preserving traditional frequency-based helicopter control approaches, such as adaptive self-tuning regulators for multicyclic control. The control approach parameters will then be optimized so that broadband vibration suppression is maximized while control effort is minimized during both steady state and transient flight conditions. In Phase II, Invercon and PSU will then integrate the control approach into RCAS (Rotorcraft Comprehensive Analysis System), a nonproprietary government analysis tool that is a full-fidelity, comprehensive rotorcraft model.

MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES CORP. 57 MARYANNE DRIVE MONROE, CT 06468
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(203) 874-3100 Dr. Yogesh Mehrotra ARMY 07-006 Awarded: 10/10/07
Title:	Full Band Anticipatory Control Algorithms to Suppress Aggressive Maneuver Vibrations
Abstract:	Recent high usage of helicopters in Iraq and Afghan theatres underscores a need for rotorcraft safety and reliability improvements. Rotor induced vibrations cause significant airframe fatigue and electronic component failure. In current generation rotorcraft, vibration attenuation is achieved through either airframe mounted tuned-absorbers or active vibration control (AVC) systems. Typical AVC system uses a number of fixed-system, narrow band force generators to reduce the acceleration measured at multiple locations in aircraft fuselage. Although current AVC systems are effective at reducing vibration in steady-state flight, advanced control algorithms are needed to achieve similar results for dynamic maneuvers. To address deficiencies of current AVC algorithms Materials Technologies Corp. has formed an exceptionally talented team with experience in rotorcraft modeling, modern control algorithm development, and AVC system development. Proposed AVC algorithm development effort balances performance, computational, tractability, and certification complexity, utilizing state-of-the-art control technologies that address known deficiencies in production control algorithms. Phase I will demonstrate the most promising control algorithms in a high fidelity fuselage model developed in coordination with Sikorsky Aircraft. Control algorithms will be evaluated in hardware-in-the-loop testing on Sikorsky AVC test rig in Phase II to identify the best approach for dramatic vibration reductions in maneuvering flight that has the potential to significantly improve component lives and also flight safety by reducing pilot workload and environmental stressors.

FBS, INC. 143 Hawbaker Industrial Drive Suite #102 State College, PA 16803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 234-3437 Mr. Roger L. Royer Jr. ARMY 07-007 Awarded: 10/10/07
Title:	Innovative Rotor Blade Anti-Icing/De-Icing Technologies
Abstract:	FBS, Inc. and the Penn State Rotorcraft Center propose the development of a novel ultrasonic guided wave phased array focusing technology for large area anti-icing and/or de-icing of rotor blade structures from a single sensing position. The concept is unique in that it utilizes a phased array actuation approach for ice prevention/removal. The Penn State Rotorcraft Center has recently shown the ability to use ultrasonic guided waves to de-ice aluminum, steel, and composite plate structures. Penn State's single actuator approach is only capable of localized de-icing which makes field implementation impractical because hundreds of actuators would be needed to de-ice an entire rotor blade. The phased array approach proposed here will allow large area de-icing by using an array of actuators and phasing them to constructively focus energy to a particular point on the surface of the structure (anti-icing) or the structure/ice interface (de-icing) while using high actuation frequencies that will not harm the structure. The focal point could then be scanned, using software, to focus energy to all points on the rotor blade to remove ice or prevent ice formation over a large area from a single actuating position.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Information Technologies Division20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Eric Gans ARMY 07-007 Awarded: 10/10/07
Title:	Micro and Nano Structured Anti-Icing Coating
Abstract:	To address the Army's need for innovative non-electrothermal rotor blade de-icing systems, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Micro and Nano Structured Anti-Icing Coating (MANSAC) technology. This proposed technology is inspired by the surface structure of a lotus leaf in nature, which has superhydrophobic and self cleaning behavior that repels ice, water, and dust from its surface, without any electric power. The innovation in design and integration of a micro/nanostructure on the surface will enable the MANSAC to block ice formation on rotor surfaces. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of MANSAC by coating the MANSAC onto the surface of the same materials as those similar to a rotor blade, and testing for the anti- and de-icing effect. In Phase II POC plans to identify fabrication processes and develop a prototype for demonstration in a realistic enviroment.

BENZ AIRBORNE SYSTEMS 2400 Handley-Ederville Road Fort Worth, TX 76118
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 280-0000 Mr. Bud Coleman ARMY 07-008 Awarded: 10/11/07
Title:	Smart Autonomous Miniaturized Contamination Condition Sensor with Embedded Prognostics
Abstract:	The U.S. Army Aviation Engineering Directorate, Propulsion Drive Systems Branch, has identified the need to replace the antiquated, differential mechanical pressure switch/indicator currently being used in hydraulic system filter applications on all Army helicopters, in favor of newer technology, MEMS based, piezoresistive, solid-state differential pressure transducer with temperature sensing combination for the added benefit of performing self diagnostics and prognostics capabilities to increase aircraft maintainability. The current mechanical design dates back 40 years, does not have temperature sensing capabilities, is incapable of processing information, or from being used for diagnostics and prognostics purposes for condition based maintenance, and it's inherent configuration makes it unreliable and problematic for users in the field, resulting in numerous false readings and premature component removals. In support of this effort, based on discussions with the U.S. Army's Aviation Engineering Directorate, Benz Airborne is proposing to develop a multi-platform concept for a diagnostic and prognostic measurement system (DPMS) that, if successful, could be used on all Army helicopters. The Propulsions Drive Systems Branch envisions this pressure transducer with temperature sensor capability, to be a drop in, stand alone replacement for the current mechanical switch. In addition, the pressure sensor shall have provisions for recording data through either a remotely located black box, or electronics incorporated into the head of the transducer, for performing diagnostics and prognostics capabilities. The DPMS will be completely autonomous with no electrical connectors to the vehicle. The DPMS will provide both visual presentation of hydraulic system health (e.g. lights) and recording of the pressure/temperature history. Recorded data shall be retrieved by maintenance personnel using either wireless or wired data link as desired. It is important to note that this pressure sensing device is to be used as a maintenance tool only, and that, it is not intended for pilot usage.

LURACO TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 1132 107th Street Arlington, TX 76011
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 633-1080 Dr. Kevin Le ARMY 07-008 Awarded: 10/10/07
Title:	Smart Autonomous Miniaturized Contamination Condition Sensor with Embedded Prognostics
Abstract:	LURACO Technologies, Inc. proposes to develop a low-cost, accurate, and smart Multi-tasked Sensor (MultiSENS) that can be used to sense both the filter health as well as the fluid conditions. MultiSENS will directly replace the current Delta P indicator that is being used on current legacy aircrafts without interfering with the current wiring harnesses or system modification. MultiSENS can measure the differential pressure across the filter and determine the filter condition and predict the schedule for filter replacement. The basic function of MultiSENS is to automatically analyze and report the filter and oil condition. The proposed MultiSENS will be a complete, stand-alone sensing device that uses a MEMS multi-sensor chip to measure the pressure, dielectric constant, and temperature of fluid. MultiSENS will monitor the fluid and filter continuously or at scheduled intervals. The data captured by MultiSENS will be available for download via its data port, which implements a military-compatible communication protocol.

APPLIED ULTRASONICS PO Box 100422 Birmingham, AL 35210
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(205) 951-7747 Mr. Taylor W. Hanes ARMY 07-009 Awarded: 10/11/07
Title:	Field Repair of Localized Damage on Dynamic Rotorcraft Components.
Abstract:	Applied Ultrasonics, Inc. has developed a unique patented commercialized, device that has proven successful in treatment of metals in the automotive and transportation industry. The goal of this SBIR effort is to demonstrate the feasibility of using this technology to improve the repair process of aviation components. The process known as Ultrasonic Impact Technology (UIT) can be compared to shot peening; however with three distinct advantages: 1) It uses a man portable device that can be used in forward deployed locations-eliminating the need to send parts to a specialized repair facility. 2) UIT can be used on aviation components that cannot be repaired with shot peening due to their size or shape. 3) The results of treatment with UIT are significantly greater than shot peening--greater fatigue life enhancement, corrosion prevention, and surface hardness. The goal of this Phase I effort is to demonstrate the feasibility of incorporating UIT in the Army's Aviation repair processes. Phase II will provide demonstration and airworthiness qualification on specific components. Commercialization of this technology will significantly reduce aviation operation and maintenance costs.

AVION, INC. 7067 Old Madison PikeSuite 170 Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 721-7006 Mr. Gary W. Donald ARMY 07-009 Awarded: 10/11/07
Title:	Field Repair of Localized Damage on Dynamic Rotorcraft Components.
Abstract:	U.S. Army helicopter fatigue sensitive dynamic components are required to maintain structural integrity throughout their operational life cycle. Typical metal alloy fatigue sensitive dynamic components require the presence of surface compressive residual stresses to inhibit the initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks. However, some of these components are susceptible to localized mechanical and corrosion surface damage that must be removed by blending. The surface blending process results in the requirement to reintroduce compressive residual stresses, normally by shot peening. The shot peening operation is currently performed at military depots and commercial facilities using non-portable peening equipment. Army Aviation has the potential for increasing reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM), while reducing Operation & Support (O&S) cost by deploying a portable capability to reliably restore the structural integrity of fatigue sensitive dynamic components that have experienced usage related surface defects. Avion (Prime) and Sonats (Sub) have teamed to demonstrate the feasibility of developing a portable, field-deployable ultrasonically activated shot peening capability that reliably reintroduces compressive residual stresses in Army helicopter fatigue sensitive dynamic components that have had localized surface damage blended out.

COMPUTATIONAL ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL 2166 N. Salem StreetSuite 101 Apex, NC 27523
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 363-0883 Dr. Anders Grimsrud ARMY 07-010 Awarded: 10/11/07
Title:	Computational Fluid Dynamics Co-processing for Unsteady Visualization
Abstract:	This research aims first to evaluate current techniques to extract visual information for a large unsteady rotorcraft CFD simulation. Next, the same operations will be performed in parallel using the same CFD data, decomposed on a modern cluster computer. Then, Python-based scripting will be employed to automate these operations. Lastly, co-processing of the same simulation, linking the visualization system to the CFD code through a custom API, will be demonstrated, permitting simultaneous computation and automated co-visualization without archival of intermediate results. All aspects will be of prototype in nature and not suitable for general-purpose application in a commercial software product.

KITWARE 28 Corporate Drive Clifton Park, NY 12065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 371-3971 Dr. Berk Geveci ARMY 07-010 Awarded: 10/11/07
Title:	Computational Fluid Dynamics Co-processing for Unsteady Visualization
Abstract:	Data management is a major bottle neck in exploitation of simulations for predicting and analyzing complex fluid dynamics. We propose creating a co-processing toolkit that extracts significant features from simulation results as the simulation is running. This toolkit will allow analysis of fine temporal features without having to store massive amounts of data required for effective post processing. The proposed toolkit design will allow efficient computation and flexible feature analysis. Kitware is in a unique position to develop the co-processing toolkit because of our existing VTK toolkit and our extensive experience with distributed algorithms.

PRIME RESEARCH, LC 1750 Kraft Dr Ste 1000-B Blacksburg, VA 24060
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 961-2200 Dr. Dan Kominsky ARMY 07-011 Awarded: 10/11/07
Title:	Differential Focus Optical Blade Tip Clearance Probe
Abstract:	Prime Research, LC, in proposes to develop a new photonic blade tip clearance sensor which can operate at temperatures in excess of 2500 degrees Fahrenheit. This project will fill a dramatic shortfall in the current measurement capabilities for turbine engines. Existing blade tip clearance measurements are generally limited to much lower temperature operation. The small and robust single crystal sapphire transducer is optically excited by a remotely located interrogation system. Using the differential response of a dual channel system the radial blade tip location is ascertained through two separate phenomena.

MATERIALS & ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH (MER) CORP. 7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 574-1980 Dr. James C. Withers ARMY 07-012 Awarded: 10/11/07
Title:	A Process to In-Situ Form Cooling Channels in SiC/SiC Composite Turbine Blades and Nozzles
Abstract:	Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) such as silicon carbide/silicon carbide (SiC/SiC) extends the temperature capabilities of turboshaft engines thru higher temperature capabilities and reduced weight which provides improved horsepower-to-weight ratios. However, even uncooled ceramics can extend the capabilities of the engine to a certain plateau. If effective cooling channels could be incorporated into CMC (SiC/SiC) blades and nozzles even further increases in temperature capabilities at reduced weight and subsequent improved horsepower-to-weight ratios are achievable. A unique in-situ fabrication processing approach can produce cooling channels in controlled architectures within a SiC/SiC composite cross section. The processing will be developed and validated with establishing the mechanical properties and cooling effectiveness of SiC/SiC specimens containing multiple cooling channels which will be coordinated with engine OEMs.

TRITON SYSTEMS, INC. 200 TURNPIKE ROAD CHELMSFORD, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-4200 Ms. Kathy Sabolsky ARMY 07-012 Awarded: 10/11/07
Title:	Innovative CMC Preforming for Molding Turbine Vanes with Integral Cooling Cavities(1001-102)
Abstract:	Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC) materials have the potential of improving engine performance by lowering emissions and enabling higher cycle efficiency. The benefits of CMC turbine engine components may be extended by development fabrication process that integrates cooling system similar to the one currently used for the metallic counterparts. Triton Systems Inc (Triton) proposes to demonstrate a unique CMC preform construction enabling production of complex-shaped CMC components with integral, internal cooling passages. Triton will team with the Connecticut Center for Advanced Technology, Inc. (CCAT) Laser Applications Laboratory to machine cooling holes to connect the internal cavity with the composite exterior. Configuration design guidance and future component test recommendations will be contributed by turbine engine contractor LibertyWorks - Rolls Royce North American Technologies (LibertyWorks). Triton's Dispersed Filament Preforming fabrication technology, a novel ceramic matrix composite (CMC) preforming approach, will allow for effective reinforcement of tight corner and bend radii prevalent in gas turbine hot section components. In combination with the development of new molding process which incorporates sacrificial male mandrel for internal cavity and development of novel machining methods for introduction of cooling holes, a unique fabrication technology for effective cooling system for complex-shaped ceramic based turbine engine components will be advanced.

ADVANCED ROTORCRAFT TECHNOLOGY, INC. 1330 Charleston Rd Mountain View, CA 94043
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 968-1464 Dr. Hossein Saberi ARMY 07-013 Awarded: 10/10/07
Title:	Dynamic Blade Shapes for Improved Helicopter Rotor Aeromechanics
Abstract:	With the increasing demand for higher performance rotorcraft that will carry heavier payloads, travel longer distances, and hover at higher altitudes in warmer climates, more advanced and novel rotor designs have become necessary. The fixed configuration blade design has reached its optimum performance improvements. However, there is the potential to use a dynamic blade shape approach to significantly increase rotorcraft performance. Using the comprehensive tools to accurately model the new actuation systems and to analyze the new design in a more realistic manner has the potential to enable the creation of the next generation of rotors in a cost effective manner. With advancements in Computational Structural Dynamics (CSD) in structural loads prediction, the accurate airloads predictions by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) programs, and the successful CSD/CFD coupling in both steady and maneuvering flights, the achievement of the above goal is within reach. ART proposes to use Rotorcraft Comprehensive Analysis System (RCAS) to model and analyze promising dynamic blade shape candidates and to create a database relating the performance parameter to the different morphing approaches over the entire flight envelope. Where necessary, enhancements will be made to produce the most accurate results.

HYPERCOMP, INC. 31255 Cedar Valley DriveSuite 327 Westlake Village, CA 91362
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 865-3710 Dr. kuo-yen Szema ARMY 07-013 Awarded: 10/09/07
Title:	Dynamic Blade Shapes for Improved Helicopter Rotor Aeromechanics
Abstract:	HyPerComp Inc. is teaming with NextGen Aeronautics and the Rotorcraft Center at the University of Maryland to explore the use of dynamic blade shapes (morphing) for improved rotor performance. Team members complement HyPerComp's core expertise in modeling and simulation of the rotors, NextGen's vast experience in actuator design and fabrication, and consultation from University of Maryland on dynamic blade shapes and smart materials. We propose a high-fidelity CFD-based investigation of five different dynamic blade shape concepts for rotor performance improvement: (1) camber variation; (2) trailing edge deflection; (3) leading edge droop; (4) blade twist distribution; and (5) tip geometry (sweep, anhedral, and planform taper). The Phase-I study would be performed for the Black Hawk UH-60A rotor. Hovering, steady-level high-speed forward, and high-thrust forward flights will be studied. Loosely coupled CFD-CSD (aero-elastic) simulations of the isolated rotor (no fuselage) will be performed to compute trimmed solutions and rotor performance. Phase-I study would conclude with the documentation of the effect of the different dynamic blade shapes on rotor performance and the down-selection of the most effective ones. For those concepts, a preliminary study of the physical realizability in terms of actuation mechanism concepts, power, stroke, and frequency will be performed.

SURMET CORP. 33 B Street Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 345-5777 Dr. Lee M. Goldman ARMY 07-014 Awarded: 12/06/07
Title:	Precision Optics Manufacturing of Large Hemispherical Domes
Abstract:	There are currently three different approaches under consideration for construction of multi-layer hemispherical multi-mode domes: (1) The bonded shell method - in which an inner and an outer dome shell are fabricated out of either ALON or Spinel, and bonded together, using a transparent adhesive, with a metallic grid at the interface, (2) The alternate dielectric method- in which an outer shell is fabricated out of either ALON or spinel, a grid is applied to its inner surface, and then an alternate dielectric (i.e., glass) material is directly bonded to the outer shell to create the desired structure, and (3) The Co-fired ceramic method- in which the metal grid is applied to green ceramics, and fired in such a way as to create the multi-layer structure within the as fired blank. The Phase I effort will combine a trade study of the preferred assembly method with a study of deterministic finishing techniques to determine the optimized manufacturing path toward producing a 7-in hemispherical dome with ¬ wave transmitted wavefront uniformity over any 4-in aperture. The Phase II effort will then consist of optimizing the selected method with a feasibility demonstration for producing up to 250 domes per month.

TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT & TRANSFER, INC. 133 Defense Highway, Suite 212 Annapolis, MD 21401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 987-1656 Mr. Keith Rozenburg ARMY 07-014 Awarded: 12/19/07
Title:	Precision Optics Manufacturing of Large Hemispherical Domes
Abstract:	In previous work supported by the DoD SBIR program TA&T demonstrated an effective manufacturing route for spinel dome blanks. As discussed in the previous section, however, creating an effective process for the surface conditioning of the dome is essential to manufacturing them on a large scale. This Phase I will focus on an analysis of the manufacturing steps for a multi-layer dome to identify those steps which have the greatest contribution on the transmitted wavefront error of the finished dome. The feasibility study will propose techniques or processes which minimize the introduction of errors into the wavefront and evaluate deterministic polishing as a means correct the dome transmitted wavefront to meet the specification. To produce the feasibility study an investigation into current practice will highlight where wavefront error is being introduced and in the second portion of the study deterministic polishing, focusing on magnetorehological methods, will be investigated as a method for removing wavefront error.

ENSER CORP. THE 5430 70th Avenue North Pinellas Park, FL 33781
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(727) 520-1393 Mr. David Harney ARMY 07-015 Awarded: 01/10/08
Title:	Cathode Improvements for Thermal Batteries
Abstract:	Thermal batteries are mission critical components which provide power to military weapon systems for electronics, fusing, sensing and actuation. Today's thermal battery packaging and performance requirements are being pushed to the limits. System designers are demanding higher power levels over longer operating times (hence, higher usable energy output) in smaller, lighter packages. To meet this demand, we propose to demonstrate significant improvements in energy density, power density and operational lifetime using a new cathode material. The particle size range of the new material will cover micrometer to nanometer particle range. Material composition and processing will be optimized and performance improvement will be demonstrated in Phase I by means of single cell testing. In Phase II, ENSER will demonstrate the performance of the new cathode material in a selected PAC-3 battery.

US NANOCORP, INC. 74 Batterson Park Road Farmington, CT 06032
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 487-3838 Dr. Jinxiang Dai ARMY 07-015 Awarded: 12/06/07
Title:	High Energy Density Thermal Battery with Nanostructured Cathode Materials
Abstract:	The U.S. Army is seeking a technical innovation to thermal batteries with significant improvements on specific energy and operation life for weapon systems. One-time-thermal activation batteries have advantages compared with other types of reserved batteries in terms of long reserve-time, high reliability, maintenance free, high specific power, wide application temperatures, and good mechanical properties. The low voltage cathode and thermal life limit improvement on energy density and operational time of thermal batteries. US Nanocorp, Inc (USN) proposes a new high voltage nanostructured composite metal oxide and a new compatible electrolyte with a low melting point to address Army's request on performance improvements of the current state-of-the-art thermal batteries. Coupled with LiSi/LiAl anode, the new nanostructured composite metal oxide cathode will operate at 3V and have higher specific capacity compared with the current FeS2 cathode working at 1.7V. The application of the new cathode will increase the energy density 100%. The new electrolyte with a melting point <250oC and good chemical compatibility with high voltage cathode, will increase the active working time of the thermal batteries by increasing their thermal life (10X). The increment on active working life will also increase the energy density and reduce the battery's surface temperature.

SURMET CORP. 33 B Street Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 345-5777 Dr. Lee M. Goldman ARMY 07-016 Awarded: 12/07/07
Title:	Manufacturing Issues for Multimode Seeker Domes
Abstract:	There are currently three different approaches under consideration for construction of multi-layer hemispherical multi-mode domes: (1) The bonded shell method - in which an inner and an outer dome shell are fabricated out of either ALON or Spinel, and subsequently bonded together, using a transparent adhesive, with a metallic grid at the interface to create the desired structure.; (2) The alternate dielectric method- in which an outer shell is fabricated out of either ALON or spinel, a grid is applied to its inner surface, and then an alternate dielectric material is directly bonded to it to create the desired structure; and (3) The Co-fired ceramic method- in which the metal grid is applied to green ceramics, and then fired to create the multi-layer structure within the as fired blank. This Phase I will analyze the processes used in each of these approaches, and select the method most likely to produce a cost effective multi-layer dome in quantities up to 250/month. At the conclusion, any remaining process steps not mature will have a cost/risk reduction analysis presented. The Phase II effort would then consist of optimizing the selected method and demonstrating the feasibility of producing these domes in large quantities.

TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT & TRANSFER, INC. 133 Defense Highway, Suite 212 Annapolis, MD 21401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 987-1656 Mr. Evans A. LaRoche ARMY 07-016 Awarded: 11/21/07
Title:	Manufacturing Issues for Multimode Seeker Domes
Abstract:	TA&T has demonstrated the capability to produce 7" diameter, hemispherical domes of transparent spinel by cold isostatic pressing (CIP) of spinel powder, followed by sintering without application of pressure, and finally followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). TA&T has exercised its dome manufacturing process sufficiently to have solved many process problems. At the same time, TA&T has gained a qualitative understanding of where the greatest costs are incurred and where the greatest risks remain. The proposed program will study the manufacturing process in greater detail in order to confirm current cost/risk reduction priorities and to quantify anticipated cost savings. A plan will be developed for scaleup to full manufacturing mode and to clarify opportunities for process improvement and substantial cost reductions. Value Stream Mapping and Theory of Constraints analyses will be used to identify/confirm the process steps that must be improved, by way of cost reduction or increased throughput. A revised manufacturing process that incorporates the needed improvements will be developed. Risk assessments will be performed for the revised process to assure that product and process objectives will be met.

PIONEERING DECISIVE SOLUTIONS, INC. 20641 Flat Iron Rd.PO BOX 205 Great Mills, MD 20634
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 787-8642 Dr. Ion A. Neag ARMY 07-017 Awarded: 12/08/07
Title:	Applying Technologies for Managing the Parallel Test Problem
Abstract:	The Army, as well as the DoD and Industry are not facilitated with software that provides the ability to perform Coherent Parallel Test utilizing high input/output (I/O) density test instruments and systems. Current test systems have been designed to perform sequential test which drive throughput limitations and affect the time spent testing and repairing Units Under Test (UUTs). Instrumentation hardware advancements are providing the ability to perform multiple (I/O) stimulus and measurement (with extreme increases in I/O density), as well as, increased parametric capability. There is currently no suitable software available to fully exploit the ability of this high density phenomenon to perform asynchronous, synchronous, concurrent and/or parallel testing. This innovative research program will focus on determining and developing the best available technologies necessary to allow the Army and Industry to enable higher throughput rates (faster tests), true parallel testing(in many cases true functional testing), advanced programming & visualization and improved diagnostics.

CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Dr. Scott Ralph ARMY 07-018 Awarded: 12/06/07
Title:	Learning and Mining using Bagged Augmented Decision Trees (LAMBAST)
Abstract:	Standoff weapons like seeker missiles enable strikes at targets of opportunity in limited-access areas while minimizing risk to warfighters. However, seekers cannot be deployed quickly enough for these short-notice missions because of two limitations of their onboard ATR systems: 1) ATRs cannot learn from novel, mission-specific data after initial training is complete; and 2) ATRs cannot identify pertinent, non-redundant information from large training databases. These limitations make it impossible to train a seeker's ATR in a feasible timeframe for short-notice missions. To remedy these problems and make short-notice seeker missions a reality, we propose LAMBAST, or Learning and Mining using Bagged Augmented Decision Trees. LAMBAST examines large databases and extracts sparse, representative subsets of target and clutter samples of interest. For data mining, LAMBAST uses a variant of decision trees, called random decision trees (RDTs). RDTs are immune to overfitting and can incorporate novel, mission-specific data after initial training via perpetual learning. We augment these trees with a distribution modeling component that eliminates redundant information, ignores misrepresentative class distributions in the database, and stops training when decision boundaries are sufficiently sampled. These augmented random decision trees enable fast construction of reliable, mission-specific ATR and make short-notice seeker missions possible.

CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Mr. Ross Eaton ARMY 07-019 Awarded: 12/16/07
Title:	Measure of Realness for Target Image Scoring (MORTIS)
Abstract:	One obstacle to the increased use of smart weapons and unmanned air vehicles is a lack of appropriate data to train current or contemplated onboard automatic target recognition (ATR) systems. Generating synthetic data is an appealingly simple solution, but this requires a simulator that can generate data (image/non-image) of sufficient fidelity to ensure correct ATR training. Unfortunately, synthetic and real data can vary widely, and there is no data validation mechanism that determines when synthetic data is sufficiently "real" to serve as training data for an ATR that will classify real data. Measure of Realness for Target Image Scoring, or MORTIS, is an automated data validation system that identifies data that can be used for ATR training by scoring data "realness". MORTIS uses a predictive approach to data classification, using many features and stepwise discriminant analysis. MORTIS attempts to learn to distinguish between real and synthetic data during a training phase and subsequently predicts if new data are real. When MORTIS identifies real data correctly, the synthetic data looks different than the real data, but when MORTIS fails to distinguish between the two types of data, the synthetic data is sufficiently real for ATR training.

SYSTEM DYNAMICS 400 S. Woodlawn Ave. Kirkwood, MO 63122
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(314) 724-8652 Mr. Steven P. Smith ARMY 07-019 Awarded: 12/14/07
Title:	Techniques for Comparison of Actual Target Signatures to Rendered or Synthetically Generated Models
Abstract:	In the development of modern sensor systems it is necessary to supplement actual performance testing with both digital and hardware-in-the-loop simulations to speed development and offset field test costs. The evaluation of signal/image processing algorithms along with sensor performance is often the primary goal of these simulations. The value of these simulations is only realized when the fidelity of the synthetic target and clutter models used is sufficient to provide an acceptable assessment of performance. As sensors attain higher resolutions and weapon systems become more advanced the requirements on synthetic target and background models become more difficult to meet. Some statistical methods, which have been used in the past to assess the fidelity of synthetic models compared to actual field measurements, have not provided the necessary understanding of the quality of the synthetic models. The objective of this research is to improve synthetic model verification capabilities by developing techniques to quantitatively compare synthetic models with data collected during field tests.

LEWIS INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. P. O. 624534 Lawrence Street Moulton, AL 35650
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 905-0775 Mr. James Lewis ARMY 07-020 Awarded: 11/30/07
Title:	Virtual Sensor Wiring Harness for Hazardous Environments
Abstract:	LIT proposes developing a HERO-Safe communication protocol to allow the use of RF transceivers to meet the requirements of a Virtual Wiring Harness for Hazardous Environments. LIT is teaming with Texas Instruments (TI) and will utilize TI's Chipcon family of RF components to achieve the low power and long battery life required to make the Virtual Sensor Wiring Harness a reality. LIT's teaming relationship with TI provides the Government Customer improved access to TI's low power processor and RF technology. The LIT HERO-Safe Protocol will address network registration and registration delay, node synchronization, data transfer, low duty cycle operation, and hierarchical networks in which the superior network that may not be static. In Phase I LIT will develop the HERO safe RF Protocol with the understanding that the sensor network, composed of sensor nodes and Data-Logging control node, is static. Size, mass, and power are especially important in this embedded sensor system. The long range goal of a one cubic inch system with a ten year battery life is realistic. LIT's team member, Texas Instruments, possesses state of the art low-power processor and RF technology which makes the ten-year battery life a realizable goal.

DMS TECHNOLOGY, INC. 2905 Westcorp Blvd.Suite # 220 Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 536-4346 Dr. George Nehmetallah ARMY 07-021 Awarded: 11/20/07
Title:	High-Speed Non-Intrusive Measurement Techniques for the Visualization of Droplet Clouds
Abstract:	In Phase I we will develop a lab-scale prototype system of digital/analogue 3-d static as well as dynamic single droplet holography. We will also develop algorithms to visualize and determine the particle size, shape, and velocity of a droplet in a lab setup/gun tunnel. We will demonstrate the methodology for extending from single drop to multiple drops in a cloud. By building on the experimental knowledge gathered in Phase I, we will extend the work to Phase II where we will have many droplets in a cloud with a mixture of water, ice, dust and sand particles. In Phase II we will develop a full scale device with off-the-shelf hardware to record 3-D holograms of single droplet shape, velocity and density. Also in this phase we will study particle size distributions and velocities. We will build a friendly user interface for calculating the various parameters that our theoretical study can determine such as average and standard deviation of the particle sizes, their average and dynamic velocities, and the corresponding distribution laws. In Phase III we will help in integrating our device with the aviation and missile test setups to measure particle characteristics.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Electro-Optics & Holography Division20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Hansheng Zhang ARMY 07-021 Awarded: 12/01/07
Title:	Dynamic Holography Droplet Clouds Analysis System
Abstract:	To address the Army need for a high-speed measurement instrument to record and display water droplet demise through vehicle-induced shocks, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Dynamic Holography Droplet Clouds Analysis System (DHDCAS) with the capability of measuring 3D volume domains, particle velocity and size distributions, shape, and mass as a function of time. The proposed DHDCAS is based on dynamic holography with an enhanced photorefractive semiconductor material. The innovation in DHDCAS will enable the system to record holograms at a very high speed, which will allow recording and visualization of dynamic events and provide 3D information of water droplet demise. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of DHDCAS by designing, analyzing, and fabricating a breadboard setup. In Phase II POC plans to develop a prototype to test its capabilities of high-speed recording, displaying water droplet demise due to vehicle-induced shocks, and measuring particle velocity and size distributions, shape, and mass as a function of time in 3D volume domains.

FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY, INC. 75 Aero Camino, Suite A Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 429-3302 Mr. Sam Boykin ARMY 07-022 Awarded: 12/20/07
Title:	Automated Risk Assessment Tool to Optimize Missile System Affordability Management
Abstract:	In recent years, there has been a strong emphasis on addressing affordability during Army Science and Technology (S&T) efforts to reduce the life-cycle cost of missile systems. Studies have shown that considering technology and manufacturing maturity, in conjunction with affordability principles during development yields significant benefits in several important area, including lower total costs and improved quality. Although progress has been made to incorporate this concept early in technology development, there are no automated, decision-aide tools available to help Army managers and analysts understand the impacts of the risks and cost trades associated with technology investments. This Phase I research will examine the feasibility of the type of affordability analysis toolset. This capability will enable developers and planners to estimate the cost impact of designs quickly and with credibility, enabling life-cycle cost, and the maturity of technology and manufacturing to be used as key elements in "best-value" design trades. The integration of technology maturity and manufacturability considerations into the cost-estimation methodology will provide a capability acknowledged by the Defense Science Board as an important issue in systems acquisition. The Phase II program will fully develop a prototype computer-analysis tool, and validate its functionality with Army-specific missile systems.

IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 200 Canal View Blvd Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-1990 Mr. Carl S. Byington ARMY 07-023 Awarded: 12/11/07
Title:	A Comprehensive, Embedded Vibration Management System for In-Situ Missile Evaluation
Abstract:	In response to SBIR topic A07-023, Impact Technologies, collaborating with Allient Techsystems, Incorporated (ATK), proposes to develop and demonstrate a modular embedded vibration management platform for the collection, signal processing, real-time analysis, and reduction of vibration data. The proposed asset-mounted sensor will be capable of long term autonomous collection and analysis of vibration data from an integral multi-axis accelerometer. The author's significant vibration experience will be used to modify existing analysis techniques for the sensor's real time processing. All saved data and processing results will be transferable to an external system via an onboard USB port for further post processing. The authors will adapt existing Impact-developed embedded data acquisition systems for use in this program or utilize COTS components whenever possible. Impact is well positioned to leverage their experience and knowledge of vibration measurement systems in order to develop a commercializable product for application on a variety of systems, including unmanned aerial and ground vehicles. The proposed design will be demonstrated via prototype tests during Phase I.

LEWIS INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. P. O. 624534 Lawrence Street Moulton, AL 35650
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 905-0775 Mr. James Lewis ARMY 07-023 Awarded: 11/19/07
Title:	Embedded Vibration Monitoring and Real-Time Data Analysis and Reduction
Abstract:	LIT proposes using Actel "Live at Power Up" (LAPU) FPGA to design an Embedded Vibration Monitoring and Real-Time Data Analysis and Reduction System with a Low Power, Continuous Monitoring Sub-system and a fast-waking signal processing sub-system.

MATERIALS SCIENCES CORP. 181 Gibraltar Road Horsham, PA 19044
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 542-8400 Mr. Richard Foedinger ARMY 07-024 Awarded: 12/01/07
Title:	High Strength, High Modulus Nano-Composite Missile Structures (MSC P7017)
Abstract:	The Army has expressed a need for developing lighter weight alternatives to replace the aluminum structural components currently used in high performance missile systems. While advances have been made in formulating chopped carbon fiber composites with improved mechanical strength and stiffness at much lower densities than aluminum, current state-of-the-art chopped fiber reinforced composites do not provide the desired strength and/or stiffness properties. Newer material formulations and processing approaches using carbon nanotube reinforced composites and tailored, oriented fiber reinforcements are proposed to offer the potential for improving mechanical properties. The proposed innovation involves the formulation and characterization of improved CNT-reinforced molding compounds, and high stiffness/high strength structural components, that are produced using tailored reinforcement forms and material constructions rather. This processing approach allows the use of higher concentrations of CNT and chopped fiber reinforcements for improved properties at "processable" viscosities. Structural components fabricated using customized oriented molding compounds will be developed and evaluated to achieve increased properties and improved processing characteristics over more conventional chopped fiber moldng compounds. An Integrated Product Team has been assembled to ensure successful transition of the material and processing technology to viable military and commercial products.

NANOLAB, INC. 55 Chapel St Newton, MA 02458
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 581-6747 Mr. David Carnahan ARMY 07-024 Awarded: 12/04/07
Title:	High Strength, High Modulus Nano-Composite Missile Structures
Abstract:	Over the past ten years, it has become increasingly clear that carbon fiber composites can replace more common engineering materials such as aluminum in weight critical, structural components, such as those found in missile systems. Nanoscale materials, such as carbon nanotubes, can impart superior mechanical properties to these composites, and thereby allow composites to replace more components. However, they require careful optimization before the properties inherent in nanomaterials are manifested in the bulk composites. In the proposed Phase-I investigation, NanoLab will apply our expertise in nanotube catalysis, growth, and chemical functionalization to chopped carbon fibers and the preparation of composites with them. NanoLab will work in this Phase I effort to identify the optimal length, site density, and functionalization scheme to optimize the properties of chopped fiber based, epoxy filled carbon composites, with the goal of matching the properties of aluminum alloy 7075 at a lower density.

LEWIS INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. P. O. 624534 Lawrence Street Moulton, AL 35650
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 905-0775 Mr. James Lewis ARMY 07-026 Awarded: 12/11/07
Title:	Cheap Miniaturized Intelligent Wireless Missile Sensor Platform
Abstract:	The proposed solution is to leverage LIT's experience in designing and fielding military hardware and sensor-related technologies and teaming with Texas Instruments, a major manufacturer of related technologies, to develop a soundly engineered miniature intelligent wireless missile sensor platform by utilizing an evolving approach to size reduction and power management. Key areas to be addressed: Advance manufacturing technology to chip-scale packaging, including: Chip-on-Board technology, Hybrid technology Stackable or Flexible PCBs (Form Factor) Power-saving protocols Teaming with Texas Instruments (TI) for access to the following: Lowest power components, Smallest chip-scale components, Application Support, Reference designs LIT is uniquely qualified to design a miniaturized intelligent wireless missile sensor platform because of experience with low-power embedded monitoring systems and the development of miniaturized components. LIT developed embedded software for the Remote Readiness Asset Prognostics and Diagnostic System (RRAPDS) program, which provides munitions readiness indication, health monitoring, and environmental monitoring for tactical assets. LIT also designed a new launcher test set to replace the legacy system for the Patriot Guided Missile Launching Station Test Set (LSTS) program to eliminate obsolescence. LIT's redesigned launcher test reduced the overall size, power consumption, weight, and cost of the LSTS system significantly.

SPORIAN MICROSYSTEMS, INC. 515 Courtney Way Suite B Lafayette, CO 80026
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 516-9075 Dr. Brian Schaible ARMY 07-026 Awarded: 12/11/07
Title:	Cheap Miniaturized Intelligent Wireless Missile Sensor Platform
Abstract:	There is a need for small, low cost, wireless sensor platforms for in situ monitoring of missiles and other assets. These highly integrated sensor platforms should be small and energy efficient enough to operate on a single battery for a period of fifteen years. The objective of this work is to develop a 1 cubic inch wireless sensor platform with integrated temperature, humidity, and 3-axis shock sensors, provisions for connection of remote sensors, HERO compliance and with a wireless interface that meets the existing requirements of TR-AMR-SG-06-34. In addition to the sensor platforms, we will develop a hardware and software interface required to allow the platforms to communicate with an existing handheld interrogator. The proposed concept pushes the state of the art but leverages Sporian's previous work on energy efficient wireless sensor network hardware and software. The effort maximizes use of existing components and technology to reduce overall development risk. Work tasks include the evaluation of several novel concepts to reduce platform size and minimize energy consumption, and will result in a preliminary system design and proof-of-principle prototypes. The work will be performed through a partnership between Sporian Microsystems, Titanium Mirror, Inc. and Lockheed Martin Maritime Systems and Sensors division.

CFD RESEARCH CORP. 215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 726-4800 Dr. Roberto DiSalvo ARMY 07-027 Awarded: 12/06/07
Title:	Advanced Nano-Particle Fuel Gel Formulations for Tactical Bipropulsion Systems
Abstract:	CFD Research Corporation (CFDRC) in conjunction with the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) propose to develop a fuel gel based on the Army's most current tertiary amine MMH replacement fuel. We will develop a novel technology for the production of nanoparticles by employing the supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process. With the use of our proprietary software technology that allows us to predict the physical properties of gels in silico, we will be able to predict the properties of the gels reducing the number of gel batches necessary to obtain the desired physical properties. Current churn-mixer gelling processes will be adapted to accommodate gelling a mixture of tertiary amines with nano-sized particles to obtain a consistent and reproducible gel mixing process. Complete preliminary rheological measurements to demonstrate that the fuel gel candidates will pass the standard Army developed leak test will also be conducted. The volumetric performance of the candidates will be determined by using the Cantera thermochemical code. These formulations will have a higher volumetric performance and a lower gellant concentration than the corresponding fumed silica gel currently the baseline gel. In Phase I we will establish the feasibility of our nano-particle fuel gel technology and in Phase II we will scale-up the preparation process, conduct thorough rheological and properties characterization, and position the technology for effective Phase III transition to the Army customer.

ORBITAL TECHNOLOGIES CORP.(ORBITEC) Space Center, 1212 Fourier Drive Madison, WI 53717
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(608) 827-5000 Dr. Millicent Coil ARMY 07-027 Awarded: 12/06/07
Title:	Optimal Fuel Gel Formulations
Abstract:	Propellant gels offer a promising way to simultaneously increase safety of operations and enhance performance. Gel viscoelastic properties minimize leaking and slosh during storage yet allow flow on demand. Use of energetic gellants can increase density specific impulse performance. Clever formulation of propellant gels based on sol-gel science can optimize gel properties. The proposed work will design and characterize fuel gel formulations for the Army's bipropellant rocket engines. The fuel gels will consist of an azide fuel and a polymer-nanoparticulate gellant. Rheological and thermal characterization of the samples will guide the design process. The results will demonstrate the ability to apply theory to `dial in' the viscoelastic properties that will provide the safety and IM benefits and improved performance.

LEWIS INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. P. O. 624534 Lawrence Street Moulton, AL 35650
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 905-0775 Mr. James Lewis ARMY 07-028 Awarded: 12/11/07
Title:	Secure, Lightweight, Tamper Proof, Cable Technology
Abstract:	LIT proposes a modular Fiber Optic Universal Cable Adapter. Fiber Optic (FO) technology provides high-speed communication bandwidth (into gigabits per second) with advantages in weight and security. FO is intrinsically secure over the Electro-Magnetic spectrum. FO is suitable for cabling applications over short distances (1 meter) to long distances (10 kilometers). FO cable has weight advantages because fiber is inherently lighter than wire and because shielding and differential pairs are not required for secure high-speed data transmission. Because of these bandwidth, EMI, distance, and security features, no wire based serial data system can compare to Fiber Optic. The UCA must be configurable to allow for any combination of signals or signal types. The U. S. Military uses standard communication interfaces, but also depends heavily on custom interfaces. The UCA needs a method of interfacing numerous signal types (such as analog, digital, serial communications, and power) without requiring a complete system redesign each time a different signal type is encountered. The modular approach provides the apparatus to conveniently incorporate any signal or interface into the UCA. The LIT solution incorporates Built-In-Test, health monitoring, self-healing, redundant connectivity, Forward Error Correction, Anti-Tamper and encryption technology for system and data protection.

THE SENTIENT CORP. 27757 Cricket Lane Harvest, AL 35749
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 705-3810 Mr. Kent Key ARMY 07-029 Awarded: 12/07/07
Title:	Hypersonic Dispense Strategy for Adaptive Pattern Dispersion
Abstract:	This effort proposed is tailored for a hypersonic class missile "UAV" to evaluate the opportunity to optimize fragment dispersion as it relates to the engagement geometry and timing uncertainty for threat classes that are intercepted within the atmosphere. Store separation, or in the proposed context, smart dispense of a lethality enhancement device, is extremely difficult to evaluate via analytical means without validating the predicted solutions with ground test. Essentially, the problem is characterized by the canister separation from the UAV, canister blast dynamics, and particle dispersion in a hypersonic flow. Pattern shaping to enhance lethality based on engagement geometry and intercept timing uncertainly is accomplished by independent ignition timing for each of the dispensed canisters.

NEI CORP. 400 E Apgar Drive Somerset, NJ 08873
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 868-3141 Dr. Mohit Jain ARMY 07-031 Awarded: 12/17/07
Title:	Boron Nanotubes for Ultra High Strength Light Weight Composites
Abstract:	Boron Nanotubes (BNTs) have been predicted to have characteristics that are distinctively different than those of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), particularly with respect to physical and chemical properties. However, the development of BNTs is still in its infancy due to the lack of research performed in synthesizing BNTs. We propose to demonstrate the feasibility of synthesizing BNTs using a novel two-step process. The key innovation proposed here is to utilize a precursor structure of boron that will transform readily to BNTs. Further, an aspect of the proposed technology will allow long-term storage of BNTs by preventing any oxidation due to exposure to ambient atmosphere. In Phase I, phase pure and high purity BNTs will be synthesized and characterized for structural and chemical purity, which will result in the development of a protocol for synthesizing BNTs under optimized conditions. Additionally, the dispersabilty of BNTs, which is one of the critical parameters that determines the commercialization potential of BNTs, will be studied. Commercialization and scale-up plans will be developed during Phase I, and implemented in Phase II. A pilot scale system for the synthesis of BNTs will be delivered to the ARMY at the end of Phase II.

UNIVERSAL GLOBAL PRODUCTS, LLC 3159 Schrader Rd Dover, NJ 07801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(201) 314-8700 Mr. Svetoslav Zlatev ARMY 07-031 Awarded: 12/13/07
Title:	Boron Nanotubes for Ultra High Strength Light Weight Composites
Abstract:	Universal Global Products, LLC proposes to develop a plan for a high volume, boron nanotubes synthesis prototype reactor. The significance of this proposal is that for the first time, boron nanotubes (BNTs) will be synthesized in high volume for use practical materials. Academic research data and analysis signifies that BNTs have significant strength advantage over present state-of-the-art nanomaterials. The innovation proposed is to develop a method and design a reactor prototype for producing BNTs from readily available, environmentally friendly, materials and chemicals. The approach for this prototype will utilize an amalgam of internal company know-how in nanomaterials and successful data from academia to create realistic and achievable action plan for the design of the reactor. UGP's success will mitigate the issues with heavyweight engineering materials usage, low corrosion resistance, instability at high temperatures experienced by operational environment exposed coatings in military materiel. In later phases of this project, BNTs produced by UGP will surpass competitive technologies (aramid fibers, carbon nanotubes) as the choice for strengthening lightweight composites, with improved mechanical properties. Phase I activities will include: investigating methods for producing BNTs, developing a reactor prototype diagram, and procedural instructions for proper handling and storage, and prevention of material degradation.

IROBOT CORP. 63 South Avenue Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 418-3119 Ms. Carol Cheung ARMY 07-032 Awarded: 11/13/07
Title:	MAGMA Mission Planner: Multi-Autonomous Ground/Multi-Air Unmanned Vehicle Collaboration
Abstract:	To conduct a target engagement, a team of autonomous unmanned air and ground vehicles will have to execute tasks of target pursuit and target tracking. The iRobot, CMU, and AeroVironment team is actively developing mission planning and collaborative teaming algorithms for a UAV-UGV team. For this project, we propose to expand the current team to double the number of participating UAVs and UGVs involved in a target engagement mission. Moreover, we aim to diversify the UGV set to include different but complementary UGV platforms that enable a wider range of capabilities for pursuit and tracking from the ground. The mission planning tools will be developed on a Supervisor Operator Control Unit to support mission monitoring, situational awareness and supervisory control for the operator. We lead the industry in our expertise of small UAV and UGV platforms as well as in advanced multi-robot coordination. The team has the collective knowledge and experience to develop practical near-term mission planning solutions and advanced collaborative UAV and UGV system teams.

KUTTA CONSULTING, INC. 2075 W Pinnacle Peak Rd Ste 102 Phoenix, AZ 85027
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(602) 896-1976 Mr. Douglas V. Limbaugh ARMY 07-032 Awarded: 12/10/07
Title:	Multi-Agent Based Small Unit Effects Planning and Collaborative Engagement with Unmanned Systems
Abstract:	In this proposal, Kutta leverages its own Multi-Mission Planner and Controller Tool - Software Development Kit (MMPACT-SDK) as well as its partner's past autonomous collaborative experiences. Kutta's SDK allows the team to architect a controller that enables an operator to launch an offensive mission with unmanned aircraft (UA) and unmanned ground vehicles. The UAs in this proposal are unique in that they can be equipped with modular standard military issued small arms payloads (e.g. M-16s, grenades, flash-bang grenades, or subterranean radios). The user interface allows the operator the ability to launch semi-autonomous or completely autonomous missions. Unique concepts of operations that take advantage of the modular UA payloads enable offensive strafing operations, perimeter security, lead/follow modes, as well as surprise attacks, including unique subterranean capabilities. In order to accomplish this goal, Kutta uses a proven software engineering methodology to derive the set of functionality for the autonomous version of the MMPACT controller (A-MMPACT). Based upon the functionality assessment, Kutta designs the necessary software components for integration into the existing SDK and concludes the Phase I with a demonstration of a mission thread with an actual UA in the loop.

NUMERICA CORP. 4850 Hahns Peak DriveSuite 200 Loveland, CO 80538
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(970) 461-2000 Dr. Shawn M. Herman ARMY 07-032 Awarded: 11/06/07
Title:	Multi-Agent Based Small Unit Effects Planning and Collaborative Engagement with Unmanned Systems
Abstract:	Armed Unmanned Systems (UMSs) will be common in the Future Force Battlespace. In order to make the most efficient use of manpower, control modes with more UMS autonomy are necessary. Numerica envisions a system of multiple aerial and ground vehicles that intelligently prioritizes, tracks, and engages targets in complex environments. The collaborative control algorithm on each UMS will plan its actions based on shared knowledge of targets, platform capabilities, and situational awareness. Local UMS teams will exchange information to resolve conflicts in their plans of action. These actions will then be dynamically re-planned in response to evolving threats and changes in situational awareness. Operators will be able to preempt engagement plans to influence the behavior of the UMS team. Numerica's approach to decentralized collaboration is unique because it simultaneously addresses the limitations in communication resources and UMS onboard processing. To ensure a successful outcome of this effort, Numerica will leverage its expertise in areas such as network-centric tracking, signal processing, communication resource management, and discrete optimization. The value of Numerica's approach to decentralized collaborative engagement using autonomous UMS teams will be illustrated through a proof-of-principle simulation in Phase I and a sensor/control, hardware demonstration in the Phase I option.

MCQ, INC. 1551 Forbes St. Fredericksburg, VA 22405
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 373-2374 Mr. James Morrison ARMY 07-033 Awarded: 11/16/07
Title:	Miniaturized, Low-cost Processing and Software/Hardware Component Technology for Near Real-time Structure Mapping for Urban Combat Special Operations
Abstract:	The proposed SBIR will develop an acoustic localization and building characterization system utilizing ad hoc networking and RF/Acoustic distance measurements and ultrasonic dimensioning. The sensor system will be low power and low cost to enable long operation times and high volume production at realistic budgets. The RF/Acoustic nodes will be designed for use and deployment by Unmanned Systems (UMS), as well as for handheld operation and quick deployment by clearing personnel. External GPS equipped nodes will anchor the building geographically. McQ has defined a design approach for a Phase I program that will research, develop, and refine the technical concepts based upon our experience with ad hoc networking, acoustic algorithms, and simulation development. McQ has over 10 years experience with the design and development of advanced unattended ground sensors (UGS) systems and associated algorithm development and simulation. During Phase I we will evaluate ad hoc networks and current RF/Acoustic heuristics to develop advanced building characterization algorithms. Algorithms will be tested and refined using simulation to assess the capabilities of the system. A design approach for SBIR Phase II will be presented to produce prototype units to integrate with the algorithms, a GUI for network visualization, and further refinement of algorithms.

TECHNEST HOLDINGS, INC. 10411 Motor City DriveSuite 650 Bethesda, MD 20817
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 767-2810 Dr. Steven Yi ARMY 07-033 Awarded: 12/13/07
Title:	Miniaturized, Low-cost Processing and Software/Hardware Component Technology for Near Real-time Structure Mapping for Urban Combat Special Operations
Abstract:	Technest Holdings Inc. proposes in this SBIR effort to develop a near real-time multi-sensor 3D structure mapping system with added capability for object recognition. The proposed system will use low-cost and fast sensors that are seamlessly integrated with our customized hardware to provide high-resolution 3D maps of the surroundings. In doing so, the proposed 3D-Mapping system will provide a robust, practical and cost-effective solution to the challenge presented in this solicitation. This system will be designed leveraging our wide experience in designing hardware and software systems for real-time surveillance, 3D imaging, 3D modeling and 2D/3D target detection, tracking and classification. The benefits of the proposed system are reflected in its potential uses for urban combat, robotics research and surveillance applications.

ADVANCED CERAMETRICS, INC. P.O. Box 128245 North Main Street Lambertville, NJ 08530
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 397-2900 Dr. Farhad Mohammadi ARMY 07-034 Awarded: 12/04/07
Title:	Hybrid Harvesting Energy for Wireless Sensor Networks
Abstract:	Currently, wireless sensors have been used in variety of applications such as surveillance, real-time data sharing, in-vivo medical devices, condition-based monitoring, etc. that can revolutionize industrial efficiency, health monitoring, and data processing. MEMS technology made possible autonomous wireless sensor nodes via the use of widespread, tiny sensors in large numbers. However, the sheer number of sensors requires a huge number of batteries, which can be very heavy, hard to deploy, and difficult to replace. Large geographic coverage of surveillance sensors requiring hundreds or thousands of batteries, with a limited life span and temperature tolerance, may not be practical, especially due to their maintenance and replacing the discharged batteries in hostile territories. Therefore, it is important to have a self-sufficient carefree power source that can generate electric power from its environment. Maximizing the use of wireless sensors will reduce the cost of maintenance and manpower. Using electric energy generated by environmental elements from disturbance/vibration or a temperature gradient in self-powered devices can eliminate sensor batteries in remote or inaccessible places. This proposal addresses that need via a novel approach to generate power from hybrid energy sources.

AMBIENT MICRO Maui Research & Technology Center590 Lipoa Parkway Suite 127 Kihei, HI 96753
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(866) 561-4823 Dr. John Langley ARMY 07-034 Awarded: 12/05/07
Title:	Harvesting Energy for Wireless Sensor Networks
Abstract:	A key aim of the Army's Future Combat Systems (FCS) program is the development of enhanced remote sensing capabilities that provide commanders with improved situational awareness and battlefield shaping capabilities, while reducing potential casualties and manpower costs. Future Army WSN mission applications will utilize persistent wireless sensor networks to provide commanders with continuous surveillance to detect, target, and respond to enemy activity. To achieve this goal of persistent surveillance, Army WSN applications will need access to "persistent" power supplies. Current battery technologies can not provide this capability. The Army's challenge is to extend the benefits of wireless sensor networks while reducing or eliminating the operational lifetime limitations caused by battery depletion. Its opportunity is to develop self-sustaining WSN capabilities that eliminate the need for battery replacement. Ambient Micro has developed a Multi-Source Ambient Power Supply (MS-AMPS) technology that efficiently combines ambient solar, vibration, thermoelectric, and RF electromagnetic energy to extend the operating life of selected wireless devices indefinitely. Ambient Micro proposes to develop a multi-source energy harvesting power supply to indefinitely extend the operating life of Army wireless sensor networks. The long term goal will be to develop of a new class of battery-less wireless sensor networks, devices, and applications.

OMNITEK PARTNERS, LLC 111 West Main Street Bay Shore, NY 11706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(631) 665-4008 Mr. Richard Murray ARMY 07-035 Awarded: 11/20/07
Title:	Miniaturized Electrical Initiation Systems for Miniature Thermal Batteries
Abstract:	The primary objective of this project is to study the feasibility of a class of novel low-cost programmable miniature electrically initiated inertial igniter concepts that operate without any external power for miniature thermal batteries that are suitable for gun-fired munitions, mortars and small missiles. A systematic method is developed for determining the performance of each miniature electrically initiated inertial igniter concept to all no-fire acceleration profiles, including those due to accidental drops, transportation and handling, as well as to various all-fire acceleration profiles. Issues related to the integration of the proposed novel miniature electrically initiated inertial igniters into miniature thermal battery housings of various geometries as well as high G hardening are addressed. The project involves extensive dynamics and finite element modeling of the proposed concepts, as well as their various components to determine their dynamic response to various environmental inputs and to satisfy the indicated safety and activation requirements. The proposed miniature electrically initiated inertial igniters will be manufactured using well established mass fabrication techniques and equipment, and should readily satisfy the need for the development of low-cost, safe, small and low-power miniature thermal batteries for munitions applications.

MET TECH, INC. 317 Varick Street Jersey City, NJ 07302
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(201) 333-9937 Mr. Jacob Bindler ARMY 07-036 Awarded: 11/28/07
Title:	Gun Hardened High-Performance Miniature Angular Acceleration Sensor
Abstract:	Accurate targeting of ordnance is of vital importance for current and future battlefield requirements. A particular need exists for guidance devices applicable to gun-fired munitions. Currently available angular acceleration sensors do not fulfill the accuracy, size, weight, sensitivity, or especially the shock resistance requirements for gun-fired payloads. MET Tech, Inc. has recently developed novel angular acceleration sensors that promise to fulfill all the requirements for guidance of such munitions: high accuracy, small size and weight, low power consumption, and high sensitivity; and, because they have no proof mass or moving parts, the sensors are able to withstand extremely high forces such as those experienced during gun firing, without any degradation of operability. In this SBIR program, MET Tech proposes to develop novel high-performance miniature acceleration sensors having low drift, high dynamic range, and resistance to shock associated with gun firing, in a compact, economical package. MET Tech will demonstrate the feasibility of the new sensors through modeling and simulation, focusing on two key characteristics: ability to survive shock, and settling time after firing. Based on the model developed, we will then fabricate and test a laboratory prototype sensor. Finally, using both calculated and measured results, we will predict the expected performance of optimized sensors. Phase II will be devoted to design and fabrication of system-level angular acceleration sensors, as well as development of design drawings and drawings supporting the design, manufacture, test and evaluation of production model sensors, which will be produced in Phase III.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun DriveSuite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5237 Dr. Benjamin Bachrach ARMY 07-037 Awarded: 11/15/07
Title:	Auto-tracking Steerable Laser Range Finder
Abstract:	The next generation of infantry weapons will include small arms capable of delivering air busting ammunitions over considerable ranges. These weapons will be equipped with sophisticated target acquisition/fire control systems (TA/FC). In order to accomplish its purpose, the TA/FC system needs accurate range information to the target. This information will be provided by a laser range finder (LRF) integrated with the TA/FC system, and it will be up to the soldier to accurately aim the laser range finder at the enemy target of interest. To facilitate the soldier's task of obtaining an accurate range to the target, Intelligent Automation Inc. proposes to augment the TA/FC capabilities with a miniature steerable LRF operating in conjunction with a target tracking system. By integrating the two systems together it will no longer be necessary for the soldier to aim the range finder exactly at the desired target, but only to its vicinity. The potential of the proposed effort cannot be sufficiently emphasized. Based on preliminary data, it can be substantiated that the success of the proposed project has the potential of translating into significant increases in system lethality (in the order of 50%). Improvements of such magnitude require little justification.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Applied Technologies Division20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Min-Yi Shih ARMY 07-037 Awarded: 11/13/07
Title:	Steerable Laser Rangefinder
Abstract:	To address the Army need for a compact, rugged, actively steerable laser rangefinder system for small arms airburst applications, compensating for gun positioning jitter, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a novel STEerable LAser rangeFinder (STELAF) system based on a micro-modulated liquid crystal beam steerer (ICER). The ICER beam steering component will assist the soldier in accurately aiming the laser rangefinder at the target, steering the laser beam in both azimuth and elevation angle up to -/+ 4 mils with an accuracy 0.05 mil. The entire two-dimensional angle ranges are scanned at 2 Hz. The system is compact (25 mm x 25 mm x 1 cm), low-power (0.5 W), and robust, and will optomechanically fit into the FA/FC system. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of STELAF by fabricating and testing the system and preparing a road map for incorporation into a relevant weapon system. In Phase II we plan to optimize the STELAF design and component performance, and will develop a fully functional prototype integrated into an air burst-capable small arm that will lead to a new rugged and reliable steerable laser rangefinder for next-generation pointing control.

OMNITEK PARTNERS, LLC 111 West Main Street Bay Shore, NY 11706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(631) 665-4008 Mr. Richard Murray ARMY 07-038 Awarded: 12/05/07
Title:	Novel High Control-Authority Impulse Based Micro-Actuation Technologies for Steering Guided Munitions
Abstract:	The primary objective of this project is to study the feasibility of a number of novel high force/torque and high dynamic response actuator technology concepts that are particularly suitable for gun-fired guided and smart munitions. These novel actuator concepts will require minimal electrical power for their operation and they are lightweight and occupy small volumes. The actuator concepts are very simple and modular in design; can provide linear and partial or full rotary actuation; are capable of being integrated into the structure of the projectile, mostly as load bearing structural components; and therefore have the potential of providing a very low cost actuator solution to almost any gun-fired munitions, both subsonic and supersonic, mortars and small missiles. Due to their basic design, the present actuation devices and their related components are well protected against very high firing acceleration loads, vibration, impact loading, repeated loading and acceleration and deceleration cycles that can be experienced during transportation and loading operations. The guidance and control system of a projectile equipped with the proposed actuation devices should be capable of achieving significantly enhanced precision for both stationary and moving targets, thereby achieving significantly greater probability of hit.

N&R ENGINEERING 6659 Pearl RoadSuite #400 Cleveland, OH 44130
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(440) 845-7020 Dr. John Z. Gyekenyesi ARMY 07-039 Awarded: 11/19/07
Title:	Probabilistic Physics-based design of Composite (and Novel) Materials & Structures for pre-defined Hi-Reliability and Life Expectancy
Abstract:	Composite materials are being used in greater quantities for military combat vehicles and other hardware in an effort to improve the overall performance by making them lighter, stiffer, and have greater damage tolerance. The operating environment for military may present unique hazards such as projectiles from small arms and shrapnel. These hazards may produce holes in the composite by shearing the material, cause delamination, cracking, or a combination of each type of failure. In order to make structures safer, it is critical to accurately model and predict the damage initiation and its progression in composites that requires appropriately accounting for uncertainties associated with the composite material properties, manufacturing processes and loading conditions. N&R Engineering and GERT are proposing to establish a methodology for modeling the failure process of a composite structure while accounting for manufacturing, material, and loading uncertainties. The peridynamic theory will be used to model the failure process in a composite structure. The probabilistic analysis will be used quantify the probability of failure and sensitivity of the structural response to input variables. The methodology will include modules that determine composite properties from its constituents' properties and geometric configuration, structural analysis, and probabilistic analysis including a sensitivity analysis.

PREDICTIONPROBE, INC. 2192 Dupont Drive, Suite 205 Irvine, CA 92612
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(949) 476-4491 Dr. Mohammad Khalessi ARMY 07-039 Awarded: 11/19/07
Title:	Probabilistic Physics-based design of Composite (and Novel) Materials & Structures for pre-defined Hi-Reliability and Life Expectancy
Abstract:	Composite materials are well-known for the uncertainty in their properties arising from the inherent randomness in fiber, matrix and bonding material properties, in the manufacturing process and in environmental effects. When composite materials are used in any product, the traditional deterministic approach to design which tries to account for these uncertainties by applying arbitrary safety factors is not adequate. Instead, a probabilistic approach whereby the effects of these uncertainties are objectively analyzed must be utilized. The overall objective of this effort is to develop an innovative, physics-based approach for design of composite structures using probabilistic methods. This approach will: (a) result in practical predictive models that will accurately predict the local behavior of composite structures for various failure modes, (b) characterize the uncertainties associated with design variables and/or predictive models, (c) characterize the global behavior and performance of composite structures, and (d) implement probabilistic technology through the use of the commercial, off-the-shelf probabilistic software engine, UNIPASS. The technologies to be developed will be used to create practical commercial software for modeling and analysis of advanced composites structures during the Commercialization Phase.

PHOENIX NUCLEAR LABS LLC 8123 Forsythia StSuite 140 Middleton, WI 53562
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(608) 826-4267 Dr. Gregory Piefer ARMY 07-040 Awarded: 12/14/07
Title:	High-flux electronically generated thermal neutron source for radiographic applications
Abstract:	An innovative approach to generating a high thermal neutron flux (108 n/cm2/s) at a distance of 1 m from the source via D-T nuclear fusion reactions is proposed. By making use of Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) technology, which creates reactions between a re-circulating ion beam and a gas target, the limitations on lifetime of fusion sources that use solid targets can be overcome, while still possessing the advantages of being electronic. Additionally, substantial improvements in neutron moderator efficiency are proposed that can relax the requirements on total output for isotropic sources, improving efficiency and decreasing leakage radiation. Preliminary studies using the MCNPX code indicate that creative moderator designs can increase thermal neutron efficiency by over 50 times that from existing moderators. The goal of this proposal is to increase IEC neutron production rates by a factor of 4 in phase I, and a factor of 5 in phase II to reach a final rate of > 1013 n/s. Furthermore, moderator efficiency will increase by an additional factor of 4 in phase 1, and 20 in phase 2. These enhancements will allow the thermal flux on a target to be 2106 n/cm2/s after phase I, and 1108 n/cm2/s after phase II.

STARFIRE INDUSTRIES, LLC 60 Hazelwood Drive Champaign, IL 61820
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(217) 390-2784 Dr. Robert A. Stubbers ARMY 07-040 Awarded: 11/26/07
Title:	High-Efficiency Long-Lifetime Neutron Generator For Radiographic Munitions and IED Inspection
Abstract:	Sealed-tube FNG sources have on-off capability and relatively small size; however, lifetime of these tubes at the desired output levels is short (a few hundred hours due to target degradation at high power), and thus have prohibitive operating cost. In order to become cost and mission effective, the US Army is specifically looking for the development of an advanced generator that can improve output efficiency and lifetime in a compact configuration. Starfire Industries is proposing an innovative FNG solution to address these engineering challenges. This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will address the technical and commercial feasibility of an advanced, compact, high-flux fusion neutron generator (FNG) with higher conversion efficiency (>5x) and longer lifetime (>20x) compared to the current state-of-the-art for neutron radiography (NR) systems with fast image processing capability for the inspection of munitions, unexploded ordinance and IED detections, and other non-destructive evaluation (NDE) applications. Preliminary modeling and experiments have shown evidence of scientific feasibility of a novel approach for neutron source and illumination system design for reduced cost-of-ownership radiographic inspection and other NDE applications.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Information Technologies Division20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Keehoon Kim ARMY 07-041 Awarded: 11/27/07
Title:	Single-Body Direction-of-Arrival Sensor
Abstract:	To address the Army need for a seismic sensing system, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Single-body Direction-of-Arrival Sensor (SDOAS) system to estimate direction of arrival (DOA) over distances less than ten meters. The SDOAS system is based on n-fold surface elastic wave measurement with a specially designed sensor platform for accurate and flexible DOA estimation even in environments with multiple polarized sources. The innovations in signal processing algorithms and a single-body sensing platform will enable the SDOAS to calculate the DOA, not bearing, of an incoming seismic surface wave and its magnitude, and to perform event (source) tracking. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the SDOAS with propagation mode identification and analysis. In Phase II POC plans to design/fabricate fully functional SDOAS hardware and software, optimized to have minimal complexity, and demonstrate the prototype in a real-world environment.

SENTECH, INC. 38 Montvale Ave Stoneham, MA 02180
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 279-9871 Dr. Gervasio Prado ARMY 07-041 Awarded: 11/28/07
Title:	An Algorithm for Obtaining Bearing Information from a Single Triaxial Seismic Sensor
Abstract:	Single-axis geophones have been used in Unattended Ground Sensor applications to detect personnel and vehicles. These devices are unable to determine the direction of arrival of the signal. However, a seismic wave is a complex process whose direction can be determined by sensing the full 3-dimensional motion of the soil. The objective of this SBIR effort is to develop and implement algorithms and code capable of determining the direction of a seismic source using a single tri-axial geophone. This capability can lead to compact tactical seismic sensors able to detect and track ground targets. We propose an algorithm based on an analysis of the polarity of the Rayleigh wave. In the scenarios of interest, with sensors placed on or near the surface and target ranges of 100 m or less the bulk of the arriving seismic energy will be in the form of a Rayleigh wave. Results obtained to date show the potential utility of this technique. They also show that the results can vary significantly from location to location. A significant contribution of this project will be a better understanding of the applicability and limitations of this technique and the development of adaptive algorithms that can produce more consistent results.

SOLID STATE SCIENTIFIC CORP. 27-2 Wright Road Hollis, NH 03049
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 598-1194 Dr. Richard J. Nelson ARMY 07-042 Awarded: 12/10/07
Title:	Hyperscope for Armaments
Abstract:	Solid State Scientific Corporation is pleased to propose a Phase I program to design a hyperscope for armaments will simultaneously acquire, process, and display the results of a compact, lightweight, low-power spectral imager at video rates. This Phase I approach will capitalize on cutting-edge concepts recently developed in industry, including other successful SBIR efforts. The novel spectral imager will operate in the visible to short-wave infrared (VSWIR), have a narrow field of view, and use commercially-available large format staring arrays to capture 16-color spectral data cubes at high speeds. All images will be identical except for spectral band, and will be spatially and temporally coregistered with each other, making real-time algorithms based on spectral imaging a reality. The development of this sensor represents a unique opportunity in hyperspectral sensing and imaging.

SURFACE OPTICS CORP. 11555 Rancho Bernardo Road San Diego, CA 92127
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 675-7404 Mr. Mark S. Dombrowski ARMY 07-042 Awarded: 12/18/07
Title:	Visible to Short Wavelength Infrared Hyperscope for Armaments
Abstract:	A program to develop an advanced, portable hyperspectral imaging sensor integrated with a scope - a HyperScope" - capable of detecting camouflaged objects is proposed. The proposed portable HyperScope builds upon Surface OpticsÝ real-time hyperspectral imaging activities, including the Multi-band Identification and Discrimination Imaging Spectroradiometer (MIDIS) processor and the 3-D Full-Cube HyperSensor focal plane array. Simultaneously sampling 17 to 48 spectral bands from 0.4 ŸYm to 2.5 ŸYm over a full 2-D field of 512 x 512 pixels, the system is ideal for accurately measuring and exploiting spectral reflectance differences of tactical targets. Based upon requirements for high-speed simultaneous acquisition of all hyperspectral bands at each pixel in a full 2-D field, compactness, and low power, SOC will conduct a preliminary design of the HyperScope, which will include a compact, rugged, inexpensive 3-D imager plus the real-time hyperspectral (HS) data processor. The proposed effort represents an extension of Surface OpticsÝ 16 years experience in hyperspectral imager design, and miniaturization of SOCÝs patented real-time hyperspectral image processor for real-time hyperspectral discrimination. By building on Surface Optics CorporationÝs experience in hyperspectral imaging system development, sensor development, and algorithm development, the proposed program will produce a new highly-portable visible to SWIR HyperScope hyperspectral imager of unsurpassed capability, ideal for detecting camouflaged objects during both day and night.

AEROTONOMY, INC. 117 Herron Street Fort Oglethorpe, GA 30742
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(706) 413-1582 Dr. James Neidhoefer ARMY 07-043 Awarded: 12/03/07
Title:	Physically Small Confetti Antennas for High-Power Directive Applications
Abstract:	The proposing team has developed an innovative antenna technology called the "Confetti" antenna that is particularly suited to this application, offering potentially revolutionary performance in antenna efficiency, bandwidth, and compactness. We propose to design and optimize a compact "Confetti" antenna for high-power, directive applications. This antenna will have a volume of only 500 cm3 and maximum linear dimension of 30 cm, and it will be tunable to operate efficiently over 2 to 30 MHz, with up to 1 kW of pulsed transmission power and 3 KHz instantaneous bandwidth. The Confetti antenna has conductors optimized in all three dimensions, making it theoretically capable of producing any desired radiation pattern. The automated design method and resulting generality of this class of antennas promise to not only accommodate a wide range of specific applications but also to provide performance that approaches optimal for each application. Thus, the innovation described in this proposal is both a class of antennas, along with the methodology and tools to design them, as well as specific designs of compact, high-power, directive HF antennas.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Ms. Francesca Scire-Scappuzzo ARMY 07-043 Awarded: 12/05/07
Title:	Portable "no-assembly" wideband antenna for HF broadcast
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) proposes to develop a novel small HF antenna designed to achieve optimal volume utilization, improved performance, light weight, and low manufacturing cost using a simple and elegant design solution. The size of the proposed antenna is considerably smaller (~ 5 times) than conventional HF antennas, such as whips, loops, and log-periodic antennas and has an excellent wide bandwidth. Furthermore, the proposed design does not require assembly, making this antenna a great alternative to whip antennas for military applications (where stealth and ready use become important). Its small size and low cost will be crucial also for commercial applications, where a non-obtrusive and elegant design is always appealing to the customer.

CHATTEN ASSOC., INC. 1094 New Dehaven AvenueSuite 200 West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 940-6040 Mr. Kent Massey ARMY 07-044 Awarded: 12/13/07
Title:	Hardware Component Technology to Enable SUAV/SUGV Based Geo-location and Hand-off
Abstract:	Chatten Associates proposes to develop a Geo-Indexed Gimbaled Instrument: a stabilized gimbal with a camera and laser range finder payload that is capable of precisely geo-locating anything in its view. The instrument can be easily integrated onto a variety of small unmanned ground vehicles (SUGV) or small unmanned air vehicles (SUAV) in both the current and future force. In addition to providing precise target location, the instrument is an inherently multifunctional payload that can also be used as an observer/driver camera, for identifying navigational waypoints, or as a remote sentry system. There is currently no available sensor gimbal that meets all the specifications required for this application (combination of sensors, speed, precision, low power, and light weight). We are proposing an essential hardware building block to enable target geo-location and hand-off of varying levels of autonomy using a variety of unmanned platforms, whether they are tele-operated, semi- or fully-autonomous.

DRAGONFLY PICTURES, INC. PO Box 202West End of Second Street Essington, PA 19029
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(917) 324-4654 Dr. Robert Rellim ARMY 07-044 Awarded: 12/04/07
Title:	SUAV/SUGV Based Automated Geo-location and Hand-off
Abstract:	As the use of robotic vehicles, both ground and air, become more prevalent in today's military, a crucial mission capability is vehicle collaboration for automated target geo-location, designation, and response. This SBIR effort proposes to research and develop core technologies that are required for collaborative missions between ground and air vehicles. These include the ability to communicate in a common framework, using both the JAUS and STANAG 4586 messaging standards, the identification and development of advanced algorithms and techniques to fuse, correlate, and prioritize sensor data acquired from multiple vehicle sources, and the design of intuitive operator displays to provide the most relevant information to the field commander in a clear, concise and non-overwhelming way to facilitate the decision making process. Several of these core technologies will be demonstrated using both a DP-6 VTOAL unmanned helicopter and a Talon robotic ground vehicle. The team of Dragonfly Pictures and Applied Perception bring unique capabilities in the fields of advanced unmanned air and unmanned ground vehicles. The work in this area will be a significant step forward towards the goal of truly autonomous multi-vehicle mission planning and collaboration.

STARA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 61 S. William Dillard Drive Gilbert, AZ 85233
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 850-1555 Mr. Glen Bailey ARMY 07-046 Awarded: 12/06/07
Title:	Precision Guided Aerial Delivery of Intelligent Ground Based Munitions and Sensors
Abstract:	STARA Technologies is the leading developer of miniature guided parachutes. Over the past seven years we have fabricated guided parachute systems for the US Department of Defense, Department of Energy and other Federal Agencies to precisely deliver light weight payloads such as Unattended Ground Sensors (UGS), communications relays, medical supplies, top attack smart munitions and intelligent robots. In 2006 we developed the world's smallest guided parachute system for the Navy's Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS). Because we have chosen to specialize in miniature delivery systems, our Mosquito guided parachute system continuously outperforms all other guided parachute systems in the < 500 pound weight range. These results have been documented by the US Army at the Precision Airdrop Conference Technology and Demonstration (PATCAD). In its current form STARA's Mosquito 2 miniature guided parachute system is capable of delivering multiple payloads within a 10 meter CEP using inputs from a GPS receiver and inertial navigation system.

MINNESOTA WIRE & CABLE CO. 1835 Energy Park Drive Saint Paul, MN 55108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(651) 659-6763 Mr. Tom Kukowski ARMY 07-047 Awarded: 12/13/07
Title:	RESS (Rapid Expansion Supercritical Solution) Technology to Disperse Carbon Nanotubes into Selected Polymeric Matrices
Abstract:	As a conductive material for EMI shielding, carbon nanotubes hold significant promise. Carbon nanotubes are conductive, nanometer-thin fibers that can be many microns in length. They are a mechanically robust material-100 times stronger than high-strength steel and six times lighter. Carbon nanotubes can stretch beyond 20% of their resting length without damaging their structure or conductivity. Carbon nanotubes have extremely high aspect ratios (length/diameter), and thus form conductive percolation networks through materials more easily than other conductive fillers such as carbon fiber or carbon black. Because they form conductive composites at such low loading ratios, carbon nanotubes could be a key component in EMI shielding. However, current manufacturing process for carbon nanotube EMI shielding is expensive, scales poorly, and makes use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These limitations are a related to the process for dispersing the carbon nanotube in the polymers. A rapid expansion of supercritical solutions (RESS) process for dispersing carbon nanotubes in polymers has the potential to overcome these limitations. Under this Phase I SBIR effort, Minnesota Defense, Arizona State University, and Lockheed Martin propose to demonstrate feasibility of dispersing carbon nanotube in polymer composite shielding/coating material processed via rapid expansion from supercritical fluid solution (RESS).

JOB PERFORMANCE SYSTEMS, INC. 1240 N. Pitt St, Alexandria, VA 22314
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 799-3652 Dr. Doug Rosenthal ARMY 07-048 Awarded: 12/28/07
Title:	Simulated Job Performance Assessment
Abstract:	JPS is designing and developing a standard and affordable set of procedures for creating and validating PC-based job simulations that can be applied across a broad range of Army MOS to assess Soldier job performance. As part of the Phase I effort, JPS is building a simulation for one Army MOS. In this effort JPS is developing a 10 step process for creation of the simulations.

STOTTLER HENKE ASSOC., INC. 951 Mariner's Island Blvd., STE 360 San Mateo, CA 94404
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 931-2700 Dr. Sowmya Ramachandran ARMY 07-048 Awarded: 12/28/07
Title:	Rapid Simulation Development Processes and Tools for Job Performance Assessment
Abstract:	Job performance measurement is of critical importance to any organization's health. It is important not only to recognize and reward good performance, but also to groom future leaders. Developing effective assessment techniques that are valid, effective and fair is an ongoing challenge. Assessing factual knowledge using multiple-choice test batteries is relatively inexpensive and tends to be commonly used. Hands-on assessment is the most effective in assessing task proficiency but is very resource intensive and expensive. Computer-based simulations provide an alternative where users can be assessed in the context of skill application under controlled conditions. However, simulations are expensive to produce and maintain. Validated guidelines and methodologies are needed to help organizations develop effective assessment simulations. Rapid simulation development tools are needed to reduce costs. This proposal addresses both these challenges. We propose to develop a standard, prescriptive methodology for developing assessment simulations. Using our existing products as a basis, we also propose to develop rapid simulation-development tools that make this solution cost-effective. This tool will enable organizations to create and administer assessment simulations and integrate the data with their employee managements systems. Phase I will result in a prototype methodology, a prototype simulation, and a validation of both these products.

361 INTERACTIVE, LLC 408 Sharts RoadSuite 7 Springboro, OH 45066
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 743-0361 Mr. Michael J McCloskey ARMY 07-050 Awarded: 12/28/07
Title:	Measuring Learning and Development in Cross-Cultural Competence
Abstract:	Contemporary operational environments are often characterized by ambiguous, multi-cultural contexts, where Army Soldiers must rapidly adapt without extensive prior knowledge of a region or its people. Ongoing training development efforts are addressing the need for general cultural competence, but this broad competence must be clearly defined and assessed in order to determine if our Soldiers are being adequately prepared. To support this goal, we propose to develop a stage model of general cross-cultural competence. We will leverage relevant features of existing cultural competence models, skill and expertise acquisition models across multiple domains, and the expertise of cultural trainers and Solders recognized as highly adaptable in cross-cultural settings. The model will represent a learner's transition across stages of cultural competence from novice to expert, where the end goal is the ability to rapidly and accurately assess a new culture and determine how to achieve goals using that understanding. The model will further guide the development of scenario-based metrics and other metrics that will clearly define competence at all levels of development, and across trainable behavioral, cognitive, motivational and affective skills.

INVERTIX CORP. 7010 Little River TurnpikeSuite 300 Annandale, VA 22003
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 813-2160 Dr. Dan Law ARMY 07-051 Awarded: 11/16/07
Title:	Short-Range Detection of Radio Transceivers for Physical Security
Abstract:	The proposed approach leverages a proven RF stimulation technique to detect transceivers within a 5m range for physical security applications. The proposed tasks will evaluate operational scenarios for transceiver detection, and will determine the effectiveness of the detection and classification technique to operate effectively within FCC, human exposure, cost, and size limitations. An optional test-bed prototype lab demo is also proposed that may be easily migrated into a Phase II prototype system.

VADUM 628 Hutton StSuite 106 Raleigh, NC 27606
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 341-8241 Dr. Aaron Walker ARMY 07-051 Awarded: 11/07/07
Title:	Short-Range Detection of Radio Transceivers for Physical Security
Abstract:	The ubiquitous nature of personal, wireless communications devices represents a daunting threat to the protection of secure facilities. The ever present push for smaller devices complicates the efforts of physical security organizations to determine if personnel entering a facility have one or more devices in their possession with a cursory physical inspection. Miniaturization of wireless devices also results in a decreasing content of metallic components and thus a decrease in the ability of metal detectors to detect them. However, while wireless devices will continue to grow in number and shrink in size, a single commonality exists among these devices, they are designed to receive and transmit RF energy. Vadum has developed an active detection technique that takes advantage of the design of wireless devices to extract a unique signature from the devices that reduces false alarms and has been shown to be effective for all types of devices investigated. Since the technique utilizes inherent properties of the electronic circuitry in the target devices, detection of devices can occur regardless of the power state (on/off) or whether the devices are actively transmitting or receiving intended signals. Vadum proposes advancing the state of a current product for detecting a class of personal communications devices to achieve the detection performance stated in the solicitation for this SBIR topic. Vadum will utilize its extensive experience with the active detection technology and target device construction and characteristics to maximize the potential for successful execution of the proposed program.

SYSTEM OF SYSTEMS ANALYTICS, INC. 3877 Fairfax Ridge RoadSuite 201C Fairfax, VA 22030
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 349-7056 Dr. Gary Citrenbaum ARMY 07-052 Awarded: 10/26/07
Title:	An Assessment Methodology for Effects Based Operations
Abstract:	In accordance with the requirements of the solicitation, we will design, prototype, and demonstrate an Effects Assessment (EA) tool which provides the capabilities to: Visualize the links between effects, the actions planned to achieve those effects, and the resources assigned to those actions; Decompose effects into MoEIs, i.e., the observable impacts of actions; Roll-up, aggregate, or combine MoEIs to evaluate MoEs and assess overall effect accomplishment; Determine if accomplishment of an effect is on track, i.e., identify trends and patterns from MoEIs and use this information to describe the likelihood of effect accomplishment; Assess MoPs and compare actual versus planned performance; Interface with ISR and operations reports to capture data relevant to MoP and MoE assessment; Maintain the neutrality status of resources; Interface with artificial intelligence and data mining tools to extract and automatically monitor data relevant to MoPs and MoEIs. Our tool will take advantage of current capabilities in the areas of data mining / knowledge discovery, visualization, and model-based estimation, and will draw heavily from our hands-on EA experience with users in the field, notably US Forces Korea, and with leading EA research organizations, e.g., DARPA and JFCOM.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Electro-Optics & Holography Division20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Alexander Khaydarov ARMY 07-053 Awarded: 12/18/07
Title:	Soldier Information Technology Assistant for Flexible Displays
Abstract:	To address the Army need for novel technology and electronic architectures to enable an Information Technology Assistant (ITA) that integrates a flexible display, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Soldier Information Technology Assistant (SITA) for flexible displays. The proposed device is based on low-power-consuming asynchronous LCD display drivers, microprocessor and software power management that leverages bi-stable displays, and power-saving wireless protocol. The innovation in flexible display driving electronics architecture and packaging will enable the flexible displays to be integrated with SITA, providing human interfaces such as a touch screen, keyboard, buttons, and scroll; wireless communication, and GPS features. The SITA package has all the advantages of flexible electronics, and is a power-saving, easy-to-use, small form-factor electronic assembly, on flexible carrier which, along with the flexible displays worn by soldiers, will be a personal communication and soldier location-positioning device. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of SITA by design, simulation, and fabrication of a breadboard prototype. In Phase II POC plans to further develop the SITA technology, and demonstrate its capabilities.

QUINTESSENCE PHOTONICS CORP. 15632 Roxford St. Sylmar, CA 91342
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 833-4664 Dr. Jeff Ungar ARMY 07-054 Awarded: 11/28/07
Title:	Highly Scalable Spectrally-Narrowed Surface-Emitting Arrays for Eye-Safe Lasers
Abstract:	High-power solid state lasers using different active media have emerged as critical components in a variety of military systems. These lasers are efficiently and reliably pumped by diode laser arrays, but the poor and uneconomical scalability of output power and high manufacturing cost of linear, edge emitting diode arrays pose a serious impediment to wide application, particularly where very high total powers are required. There is little prospect that conventional approaches to laser design can result in cost reduction of the required magnitude. We propose to develop diode arrays using two technology elements that are complementary and compatible with each other to achieve the required performance and manufacturing scalability objectives. The first technology element or these arrays are massively parallel surface emitting diodes using monolithic beam deflectors to permit wafer-scale diode fabrication and integration with wafer-scale optics and coolers, which enables manufacturing process scalability for high-power applications and greatly reduces diode fabrication and packaging cost. The second technology element is diode lasers with gratings designed to generate lower lateral beam divergence, therefore higher optical brightness per emitter than conventional designs.. These features will allow very efficient optical coupling into the end-facets of eye-safe solid-state lasers.

PHOENIX INNOVATION, INC. 20 Patterson Brook RoadPO Box 550 Wareham, MA 02576
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 291-4375 Dr. Brian G. Dixon ARMY 07-055 Awarded: 12/20/07
Title:	Combining Advanced Electrolytes & Electrodes in High Voltage, High Capacity Lithium Batteries
Abstract:	A high voltage stability electrolyte (Phoenix Innovation) is combined with high voltage stability electrodes (A123Systems) to produce the next generation of high rate, high capacity lithium batteries. In addition to exceptional electrochemical performance, the novel electrolyte, which contains no carbonates, is nonflammable and inherently stable to thermal runaway. As such, these new batteries will be much safer than state of the art lithium systems.

YARDNEY TECHNICAL PRODUCTS, INC. 82 Mechanic Street Pawcatuck, CT 06379
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 599-1100 Dr. Thomas Barbarich ARMY 07-055 Awarded: 11/13/07
Title:	Rapid Recharge, High Voltage Li-Ion Battery Chemistry
Abstract:	One of the problems with Li-ion technology is its somewhat limited ability to charge at high rates. At high charge rates lithium plating on the negative electrode can occur, which will hurt cycle life and could present safety risks. There is a need within the Army, Navy, other military services, NASA, and the commercial sector to improve the charge rate capability of Li-ion systems. The proposed effort will use an anode that is capable of intercalating lithium at high rates without plating lithium. In order to compensate for the lower energy of this anode, a high voltage cathode and an accompanying electrolyte will also be developed.

OPTIMAL SYNTHESIS, INC. 868 San Antonio Road Palo Alto, CA 94303
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 213-8585 Dr. Hui-Ling Lu ARMY 07-057 Awarded: 12/10/07
Title:	Generic Automatic Recognition System for Handwritten Arabic Script Documents
Abstract:	This proposal addresses the feasibility of developing a generic system framework for automatically recognizing handwritten text for non-Arabic languages using Arabic-style script such as Urdu or Pashto. Despite recent progress in automatic handwritten Arabic recognition, little attention has been paid to non-Arabic languages using Arabic-style scripts. Nonetheless, automatic recognition of non-Arabic languages using Arabic-style scripts such as Urdu and Pashto has great potential in both military and commercial applications. Hence, the goal of this proposal is to develop a generic system framework for automatically recognizing handwritten text for non-Arabic languages using Arabic-style script. In particular, we focus on extending the optical Arabic text recognition capability to the Urdu language in which computing standards are established. The generic Arabic-style script recognition system will be based on the Hidden Markov Model approach that is suitable for cursive and context-sensitive Urdu scripts. Various feature-extraction algorithms will be implemented based on the proposed generic handwritten Arabic-style script recognition framework. We shall evaluate the basic performance of the developed system using a handwritten Urdu database collected during Phase I.

GINER, INC. 89 Rumford Avenue Newton, MA 02466
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 529-0505 Dr. John A. Kosek ARMY 07-058 Awarded: 11/16/07
Title:	A Solid Anion Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Use
Abstract:	The Direct Methanol Fuel Cell is a potentially attractive power source for battery replacement applications. Thus, it could be used as a portable power source for soldier applications. One drawback to Direct Methanol Fuel Cells based on a Proton Exchange Membrane is methanol crossover, a parasitic loss of fuel. There are two main sources of crossover: (1) diffusion of methanol through the presently used membrane electrolyte and (2) proton drag, which carries both water and methanol from the anode to the cathode. To minimize crossover, Giner, Inc. proposes development of an advanced anion exchange membrane. The membrane will be designed to be stable in the hydroxide ion form, and will not contain any beta-hydrogens. Specific program objectives include (1) fabrication of the advanced anion membranes, (2) modification of the membrane surface for more efficient catalyst bonding, and (3) to characterize the anion membrane. In an anion membrane, because ions move from the cathode to the anode, we expect there will be a reduced amount of methanol on the cathode.

LYNNTECH, INC. 7610 Eastmark Drive College Station, TX 77840
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(979) 693-0017 Dr. Sandra Withers-Kirby ARMY 07-058 Awarded: 11/27/07
Title:	High-Performance Direct Methanol Fuel Cell with Bipolar Membrane Structure
Abstract:	Power demands of objective force warriors are rapidly growing, increasing the need for small, light, energy-dense power supplies. The burden of batteries an individual soldier transports must be reduced. High energy density fuel cell systems offer a promising alternative to batteries with methanol being the most portable, convenient fuel. Conventional direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC's) based on proton exchange membranes suffer from fuel stripping and crossover combustion losses. Most use dilute fuel, significantly reducing the system energy density. Direct methanol hydroxyl exchange membrane fuel cells (HEMDMFC) suffer from carbonate build up in the electrolyte at the catalyst interface, causing quick deterioration of performance. However, the HEMDMFC cathode allows the use of non-platinum oxygen reduction catalysts that are not active to methanol oxidation. The acid anode of the conventional PEMDMFC provides the benefit of discharging the oxidized carbon as gaseous carbon dioxide. Lynntech will develop a small, rugged system that maximizes utilization of the energy available in concentrated methanol through the use of a bipolar or double-bipolar membrane structure, taking advantage of both PEM and HEM fuel cell technologies. A single, low-power DC fan (the only peripheral for the system) will move air across the cathode, minimizing parasitic losses.

MZA ASSOC. CORP. 2021 Girard SESuite 150 Albuquerque, NM 87106
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 245-9970 Dr. Boris P. Venet ARMY 07-059 Awarded: 11/07/07
Title:	Passive Optical Detection of Acoustic Signatures
Abstract:	We propose to investigate a concept for remote passive optical measurement of acoustic target signatures. Potential goals of the measurement are detection, activity assessment, or identification. The measurement concept produces an area image of the vibrational content of the target scene. We will produce a thorough radiometric signal/noise performance model, and an instrument design.

METROLASER, INC. 2572 White Road Irvine, CA 92614
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(949) 553-0688 Dr. Drew L'Esperance ARMY 07-060 Awarded: 10/23/07
Title:	A Stereoscopic Scanner System for Behind Armor Debris
Abstract:	In response to an Army need for a data collection tool that can measure the velocities of Behind Armor Debris (BAD) fragments in controlled experiments, we propose to develop a stereoscopic scanner system that employs digital streak cameras. Unlike conventional high-speed cameras, which produce two-dimensional photographs at moments in time, a streak camera produces a photograph with one dimension being time. A unique property of streak photography that makes it ideal for this application is that objects in the debris field are naturally sorted by velocity. Two scanner configurations will be analyzed: one where two digital streak cameras are mounted in orthogonal positions and another where one digital streak camera is used to record the shadows cast by two intersecting laser sheets. To determine the feasibility of the proposed approach, we will compute the temporal and spatial resolution needs of the BAD experiment and the lighting requirements and show how these can be met optimally with available digital streak cameras. The end-result of the Phase I research will be a preliminary design for a complete system that we will build in Phase II.

INTEGRATED SENSOR SOLUTIONS 4104 Michael Neill Austin, TX 78730
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 633-3476 Dr. Kenneth Fernald ARMY 07-061 Awarded: 11/07/07
Title:	Nano-Device Memory Platform (NDMP)
Abstract:	The Phase I program will demonstrate the feasibility and the initial design specifications for integrating nano-device switching elements with the available silicon crossbar array technology. Here, the minimum goal is memory arrays that are scaleable to 1010 bits/cm2 for pseudo non-volatile memory based on the silicon-molecule hybrid systems. Preliminary fabrication and testing will demonstrate read-write-erase function over 1000 cycles with 60 minutes of non-volatility

NANOSONIC, INC. P.O. Box 618 Christiansburg, VA 24068
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 953-1785 Dr. Richard O. Claus ARMY 07-061 Awarded: 11/07/07
Title:	Self-Assembly Production of Hybrid CMOS/Nanodevice Interconnects
Abstract:	The objective of the proposed SBIR program is to develop wet chemistry nanopatterning techniques compatible with conventional IC gate array processing materials and methods, and capable of fabricating conducting nanorod geometries to address individual elements in dense arrays. NanoSonic and the deep UV photolithography laboratory at Virginia Tech would cooperate on this program. NanoSonic would use its molecular-level self-assembly process with Virginia Tech's holographic interference-based DUV lithography designs to produce multilayered interconnected nanowire/nanofin structures on silicon substrates. Prior cooperative work has demonstrated the feasibility of forming electrically conductive pin/post arrays in 2D square and hex geometries with 50nm periodicity, and single layer nanowire/nanofin arrays of similar conducting materials with comparable sub-100nm periods. During Phase I, we would demonstrate that wet chemistry self-assembly and stand-off interference lithography may be used to form skewed crossed-nanorod interconnect arrays to address individual nano-sized MOSFET gate elements in large 2D formats. Such interconnects are key enablers for molecular topologies for next-generation, ultra-high density CMOS logic and memories. NanoSonic would work closely with a major defense contractor and specialized IC manufacturer during Phase I to evaluate manufactured prototypes, and would work with that company to transition developed technology to their production facility during Phase II.

CHEMIMAGE BIOTHREAT LLC 7301 Penn Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15208
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(412) 241-7335 Dr. Robert Schweitzer ARMY 07-062 Awarded: 12/21/07
Title:	Real-Time Chemometrics and Sensor Fusion (RT-CSF) Technology
Abstract:	We will exploit chemometric and advanced multivariate statistical analysis-based spectral signature signal processing techniques to perform autonomous explosives and chem-bio detection in real-time to increase the probability of detection and lower the rate of false positives. Our system will use multivariate statistical analysis (i.e. chemometrics) algorithms to perform autonomous detection. The decision-making engine will employ a Bayesian data fusion algorithm that combines individual sensor spectral signatures captured using Raman and LIBS techniques to achieve overall probability of detection and probability of false alarm performance that exceeds the performance of the individual sensing strategies operated in the stand-alone mode.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, INC. 20 New England Business Center Andover, MA 01810
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 689-0003 Dr. Edward A. Rietman ARMY 07-062 Awarded: 12/21/07
Title:	Sensor Fusion of LIBS and Raman Spectra for Remote Detection of Explosives
Abstract:	Physical Sciences Inc. proposes a novel technique to subtract background spectra from the spectra of interest and to then combine the LIBS and Raman spectra for remote explosive detection. Our approach uses support vector machines with transductive inference for training. Based on our experience we anticipate a 95% correct identification of explosive vs. non-explosive material. Further, our calculations indicate we can easily perform the required sensor fusion in near real-time ( < 2 seconds) on a conventional computer workstation and in new proposed hardware we will be able to get this processing under 0.1 seconds.

MATERIALS & ELECTROCHEMICAL RESEARCH (MER) CORP. 7960 S. Kolb Rd. Tucson, AZ 85706
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 574-1980 Dr. James C. Withers ARMY 07-063 Awarded: 10/19/07
Title:	A High Production Rate Process to Fabricate Low Cost High Strength MMCs In Net Shape
Abstract:	Military systems are traditionally produced in steel because of its excellent mechanical properties and low cost, but suffers due to its high weight and poor corrosion resistance. At « or less the weight of steel enables weapon systems with greater lethality, survivalability, transportability, and maneuverability and in a corrosion resistant material lowers ownership cost. Titanium metal matrix components (MMCs) can produce properties with a stiffness/modulus greater than 150GPa, strength greater than 1250MPa at a density less than « steel, and provide excellent corrosion resistance. Titanium MMCs can be produced for less than $10/lb. utilizing low cost primary Ti soon to be in production and direct net shape forming utilizing new but demonstrated processing. Ti MMC processing will be optimized with modeling support and due to the advanced demonstrated processing during Phase I, tubes and plates will be produced and delivered and plates will be independently ballistically characterized.

METAL MATRIX CAST COMPOSITES, LLC (DBA MMCC, LLC) 101 Clematis Avenue, Unit #1 Waltham, MA 02453
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 893-4449 Dr. James A. Cornie ARMY 07-063 Awarded: 11/01/07
Title:	Pressure Infiltration Casting, Lamination Theory Prediction and Mechanical Property Evaluation of High Performance Continuously Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites
Abstract:	Pressure infiltration casting technology will used to develop low density continuous fiber reinforced structural metal matrix composites in the form of tubes and plates. Three different reinforcement systems will be investigated with the idea of producing a spectrum of choices for a wide range of structural applications. Nextel 610 alumina fiber will be used to reinforce Al alloy 2024, a 125 msi pitch derived graphite fiber will be used to reinforce a high purity version of Al 413 and that same alloy will be reinforced with high strength PAN derived T650/42 carbon fiber. Filament winding technology will be used to produce the various candidate preform architectures required for evaluation. Lamination theory will be used to predict properties with three composite systems. Mechanical properties will be measured to verify and modify the input data into the lamination theory software to improve its ability to predict actual properties. In addition to a preliminary design database, the technology will be demonstrated on the production of mechanical evaluation plates and demonstration 30 and 60 mm diameter by 300 mm long tubes with a quasi-isotropic architecture.

TRITON SYSTEMS, INC. 200 TURNPIKE ROAD CHELMSFORD, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-4200 Ms. Karin Karg ARMY 07-063 Awarded: 10/31/07
Title:	Lightweight, High Performance Boron Magnesium Composites(1001-126)
Abstract:	Boron fiber reinforced magnesium (B-Mg) metal matrix composites (MMC) exhibit excellent weight specific properties outperforming all composite and metallic materials. In addition, these B-Mg materials offer a broad range of forming approaches that are not feasible with most MMC processing. In this SBIR program, Triton Systems, Inc. (Triton) will demonstrate B-Mg composites can exceed the aggressive performance requirements of modulus (22 msi) and tensile strength (180 ksi) at a density less than 0.14lb/in3 and be manufactured using economical and scalable processing. In the Phase I, Triton will fabricate and test B-Mg composites using low pressure casting to verify baseline Army defined mechanical properties. In addition, Triton will model and develop affordable processing approaches to form both large and complex configurations.

PITTSBURGH MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY, INC. 1801 Route 51Building 10 Jefferson Hills, PA 15025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(412) 382-7150 Mr. Timothy M. Delahanty ARMY 07-064 Awarded: 10/24/07
Title:	Ultra-High Strength and High-hardness Nano-Aluminum Composites
Abstract:	Pittsburgh Materials Technology, Inc. and the University of California at Davis have the experience to verify the properties of the Aluminum composites identified in the SBIR. The team is well qualified to establish the repeatability required for cost effective production. PMTI has assisted in the technology development pioneered by UCD. PMTI sees its long term role as a supplier of the cryomilled powder needed for production of the Al composite formulated for armor applications. Both organizations have the background to drive the technology to commercial production. The experience of the Team is such that many of the technical and production issues have already been visited. This proposed process will help determine the correct production elements, and provide assurance that the chosen elements are effective in delivering the required properties. The Team proposes to produce a series of 8" square plates to demonstrate the repeatability of the trimodal matetrial. The team also proposes to produce an alternate alloy in the Option Phase. This alloy is a less expensive and slightly lighter Al-Mg alloy.

GENERAL SCIENCES, INC. 205 Schoolhouse Road Souderton, PA 18964
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(215) 723-8588 Dr. Peter D. Zavitsanos ARMY 07-065 Awarded: 11/14/07
Title:	Warhead Adaptive Materials (WAM) for Military Operations in Urban Terrain (MOUT)
Abstract:	The U.S. Army, as well as other national military services, requires new and innovative energetic materials to produce next generation munitions. There exists a need for adaptable warheads that provide user-selectable energy output, as well as selectable modes of operation, such as fragmentation, penetration and blast. General Sciences, Inc. (GSI) will demonstrate the feasibility of applying energetic materials and innovative configurations of those materials to provide the US Army with Warhead Adaptive Materials (WAM) capabilities, specifically materials that are non-detonable that are tailorable to release intense heat and controllable pressure output. GSI will provide the Army with energetic materials information, configuration designs and lethality assessments to support the Warhead Adaptive Material program.

EIC LABORATORIES, INC. 111 Downey Street Norwood, MA 02062
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 769-9450 Dr. Michael D. Gilbert ARMY 07-066 Awarded: 10/23/07
Title:	Manufacturing Process for Application of Selectively Permeable Coatings to Textiles
Abstract:	Novel procedures will be developed for fabrication of sulfonated poly(styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene) block copolymer coated fabrics. These ionomeric coatings provide barrier protection against a wide range of solvents and organic chemicals including chemical warfare agents (CWA), while allowing a high level of water permeability. Used in the construction of CWA protective garments, this property will greatly alleviate heat stress that typically plague clothing of this type. Coating procedures will be developed in Phase I that permit high volume manufacture of coated fabric while preserving the micro-structuring and double percolation of ionic domains that are essential to the permselectivity of these materials. Methods will also be develop for cost effective, environmentally conscious sulfonation of the polymer and for an improved neutralization/cation exchange process that will provide more mechanically robust and durable coatings.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 1703 S Jefferson Street, SWSuite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Dr. Ulrike Becker ARMY 07-068 Awarded: 12/21/07
Title:	Thin Film Coatings for Antimicrobial Textiles
Abstract:	Current clothing worn by soldiers offers little to no protection from biological agents, as biological agents may remain active on the textile surface or even pass through the textile. Luna Innovations is developing textiles capable of rendering lethal biological agents harmless on contact. This self-decontamination is achieved by covalently attaching highly effective biocides to the textile surface. Biological agents are immediately exposed to the biocide on contact with the textile rendering the biological agent inert. Covalent attachment permanently affixes the biocide to the textile allowing long-term protection even on repeated laundering. Luna's proven expertise in polymer synthesis, surface modification and biocide synthesis will advance biocidal textiles from initial Phase I demonstrations through full technical development and eventual commercialization.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Photonic Systems Division20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Lenka Stepan ARMY 07-068 Awarded: 12/21/07
Title:	Antimicrobial Polymer Deposition Process for Enhanced Textile Adhesion
Abstract:	To address the Army need for a gas-phase process to deposit thin, durable, non-leaching antimicrobial polymers with long-term efficacy without deteriorating textile properties, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Antimicrobial Polymer Deposition Process to Enhance Textile Adhesion (AMPDETA). This proposed process is based on a pretreatment to enhance textile surface properties to augment deposition and adhesion of a cationic polymer during initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD). The pretreatment and iCVD processes are low-temperature, solventless techniques that are compatible with heat sensitive and dyed textiles. Regulating the parameters of the iCVD process allows nanometer control of the thickness and a uniform, conformal deposition of a polymer on textile surfaces. This innovative two-step process will deposit durable polymer films with long-term antimicrobial activity onto textiles surfaces without affecting textile properties, such as porosity, mechanical strength, dyeability, and durability. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the AMPDETA process on cotton by characterizing the textile properties and assessing the antimicrobial activity after several laundering cycles. In Phase II POC plans to extend the AMPDETA process to different textiles and determine its scalability for batch fabrication.

CHROMOLOGIC LLC 2275 E. Foothill Blvd Pasadena, CA 91107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 419-6846 Dr. Naresh Menon ARMY 07-069 Awarded: 11/07/07
Title:	DNA-based barcoding for identification of Army materiel
Abstract:	In order to address its urgent need to track and identify critical material, the Army is in need of a DNA based barcoding system that would enable unforgible, unambiguous and easily readable system for labeling and tracking military material. To meet this need, ChromoLogic proposes to develop a new reagent-free DNA barcode and reader (RDB) system. This proposed system is based on rapidly identifying (under 10 seconds) the sequence of a DNA barcode by means of dielectrophoretic mass sorting that requires no contact with the DNA material or the use of any reagents. The low-cost (<$2/tag) RDB system is based on extensive expertise of the PI in dielectrophoresis based biological analysis and a thorough understanding in DNA manipulation and instrumentation expertise of ChromoLogic and its partners. In Phase I, ChromoLogic will demonstrate the feasibility of the RDB system by building a set of tags and a prototype reader. The inexpensive, reagent-free, unforgible, unambiguous and easily readable format of RDB will be demonstrated to the Army by the end of Phase I. In Phase II, ChromoLogic will develop a complete prototype system with a custom graphical user interface designed for rapidly transitioning the system to the Army.

OPTTEK SYSTEMS, INC. 1919 Seventh Street Boulder, CO 80302
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 447-3255 Dr. Fred Glover ARMY 07-070 Awarded: 11/16/07
Title:	OptAgent: A Generalized Framework for the Optimization and Analysis of Agent-based Models
Abstract:	This project seeks to create OptAgent, an integrated software environment built on the existing foundation of OptQuestr, a metaheuristic-based optimization engine, to provide a generalized framework for the analysis and optimization of agent-based models by combining optimization algorithms, agent-based simulation, and distributed processing. The proposed research will develop additions and extensions of the core OptQuest engine to provide a tool tailored specifically to work with agent-based models. The OptAgent software will function in three stages. In the first stage a diverse set of solutions will be created and a Markov blanket-based feature selection methodology will identify the most influential variables. In the second stage the agent-based model optimization search process will be performed. This process will be enhanced by classification and discrimination rules developed from the initial solution set using satisfiability data mining. In the final stage the best combination of agent and environment parameters will be presented along with statistics providing insights into the behavior of the model across the myriad possible combinations of inputs. During Phase I the proposed research areas will be investigated and the most promising paths to implementation identified. Proof of concept software will be developed demonstrating the feasibility of the OptAgent application.

OPTO-KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS, INC. 19805 Hamilton Ave Torrance, CA 90502
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 756-0520 Dr. Nahum Gat ARMY 07-071 Awarded: 11/07/07
Title:	Fused Color Night Vision Imagery Using Invariant Spectral / Texture Identification within a Bayesian Network.
Abstract:	The proposal addresses the need for better multi-camera fusion through the development of novel material identification and image processing routines. An innovative spectral/texture algorithm adapted specifically for night vision imagery will be used to segment the scene. Different portions of the scene are then identified using a Bayesian Network that utilizes ancillary knowledge to "intelligently" manage an invariant database. Finally, color and lightness values are assigned to maximize scene understanding and object identification. The algorithmic framework is versatile for handling different combinations of sensors operating in different spectral ranges, and it is modular so that it can utilize additional algorithms where appropriate. The overall approach builds on previous OKSI work in true-color night vision, multispectral image processing, infrared scene rendering, and multi-camera fusion. It moves beyond the current state of the art by using innovative algorithms that enable efficient and invariant scene rendering with true-color displays. Under Phase-I, OKSI will develop all aspects of the project and demonstrate the algorithms on both real and simulated night vision imagery. Under Phase-II the database will be expanded and the algorithms will be optimized for performance and speed, and a fully functional prototype fusion system operating in real-time will be developed.

SPECTRAL SCIENCES, INC. 4 Fourth Avenue Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 273-4770 Dr. Xuemin Jin ARMY 07-071 Awarded: 11/07/07
Title:	A Physics-based Fusion Approach for Color Night Vision
Abstract:	Night vision enhancement systems, such as night vision goggles and in-vehicle displays, have been used extensively in the military since the 1960's. Most common night vision systems use single-band sensors that are sensitive to either emitted infrared (IR) radiation or reflected light, and thus provide a monochromatic image (intensities of grey or green) of the inspected scene. As such, depth perception is limited and visual acuity and focal range are restricted. Adding color can increase depth, contrast and perception of night vision compared with monochromatic images, improving soldiers' reaction time and reducing fatigue. We propose a novel physics-based approach to fusing images in multiple IR wavelength bands that should provide reliable and consistent color assignment and generate color images close to natural appearance for color night vision. The approach, which features image restoration, material identification, and color mapping, will utilize a visual color knowledge base generated from experimental multispectral and hyperspectral data and first-principles radiation transport simulations. The results from Phase I will be used to define real-time algorithms for color night vision applications in Phase II.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun DriveSuite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-4764 Dr. Pengcheng Lv ARMY 07-072 Awarded: 11/07/07
Title:	A compact, low cost, wearable naphthalene dosimeter using Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs)
Abstract:	In this proposal, Intelligent Automation, Inc. (IAI) and the Applied Physics Laboratory at John Hopkins University (JHU/APL) detail the development of a small, rugged, low cost and wearable dosimeter that measures individual's exposure to naphthalene. The key innovations of the proposed dosimeter include: a) the use of a miniature, low- cost and commercially available mass- sensitive transducer to ensure the high sensitivity of the dosimeter; and b) the use of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) receptor coatings to greatly enhance the sensor selectivity, and c) the design of a compact, low- cost, low power consumption circuit for data acquisition and analysis. Consequently, the proposed sensor has the following merits: a) small, wearable and low cost, b) high sensitivity and selectivity, c) long lasting serviceability, d) automatic data acquisition and interpretation, and e) reusable.

TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CORP. 1900 S. Sepulveda BlvdSuite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(315) 797-0613 Mr. Mark Cammarere ARMY 07-073 Awarded: 12/10/07
Title:	Logistical Decision Support and Planning in a Counterinsurgency Environment
Abstract:	Future U.S. conflicts increasingly involve operations against insurgents in asymmetric environments. Ongoing operations have demonstrated that insurgents can effectively disrupt the Army's ability to establish and maintain the logistical lines of communication (LOCs). Insurgent success is based on rapidly changing, low technology tactics that are difficult to counter. Consequently, there are few secure "rear areas" suitable for conventional logistic operations. Simultaneously, the DoD transformation embraces a decreased in-theater logistic footprint to effectively support quicker and more agile combat forces. As a result, sparse logistics assets are at greater risk - increasing force protection requirements. Given the leaner nature of the Army's future force, increased logistic force protection must be achieved with little direct support from in-theater combat units. When planning logistic operations, there is a need to account, not only for local terrain and friendly doctrine/forces, but predicted enemy activity. TSC proposes an innovative solution to plan logistics operations that mitigate potential insurgent attacks before they occur. In Phase I, TSC will leverage an existing logistic decision aid and data discovery engine developed on previous efforts for the Army to demonstrate feasibility. In Phase II, TSC will develop an end-to-end prototype tool to extract related information, assess risk of insurgent attack, and incorporate risk metrics into logistics planning.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun DriveSuite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5268 Dr. Priya Ranjan ARMY 07-074 Awarded: 11/19/07
Title:	A Swarm Intelligence Based Approach to Secure, Scalable and Robust Design for Tactical Networks
Abstract:	Intelligent Automation, Inc. (IAI) and Prof. Richard J. La from University of Maryland propose an innovative swarm intelligence (SI) based approach to secure, scalable and robust design of tactical networks. Basic idea is to demonstrate the effectiveness of ant-based multi-path routing for robust and secure network performance and hence enhanced confidence in networked system operation. In our proposed framework, cooperative behavior of ants will be leveraged to keep the network functioning even during nodes getting destroyed, disabled, compromised, or captured by the enemy. Basic motivation comes from biology that a system should have built-in redundancy for optimal performance. Following this architecture we shall demonstrate a SI based network paradigm at work which facilitates the integrated design and robust operation of a complex network under unpredictable environment along with built in simulation and operational capabilities.

SCALABLE NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 6701 Center Drive West #520 Los Angeles, CA 90045
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 338-3318 Dr. Ken Tang ARMY 07-074 Awarded: 11/19/07
Title:	Bio-Inspired Approaches to Secure Scalable Networking
Abstract:	Tactical wireless communication networks, including both mobile ad hoc networks as well as sensor networks, are intrinsically dynamic, unreliable, and large scale. Therefore, capabilities such as self-configuration, resilience, and rapid recovery from disruptions to the network structure (such as failed nodes and jammed links) are critical to their successful operations, which pose difficult design challenges. However, design approaches which assume that the system is composed of reliable components, and/or that the system is of relatively small scale are not applicable in such environments. In addition, design approaches that are based on central and/or explicit control over the system as a whole either introduce a single point of failure or make the system not adaptable; such approaches are not applicable in such environments either. It is therefore critical to explore new design paradigms and approaches that do not suffer from these defects. In this proposal, we adapt the biological metaphor of Swarm Intelligence to design an adaptive networking architecture and a set of energy-efficient, robust, and scalable networking protocols for tactical wireless communication networks. We will also analyze the behavior and the performance of the proposed protocols through simulation and mathematically modeling.

D-STAR ENGINEERING CORP. 4 Armstrong Road Shelton, CT 06484
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(203) 925-7630 Mr. S. Paul Dev ARMY 07-075 Awarded: 11/14/07
Title:	Optimumization of Miniature Heavy Fuel Engine
Abstract:	The project aims to develop a strategy for an Optimum Miniature Heavy Fuel Engine, using scaled versions of a heavy fuel atomization system and combustion management systems previously developed by D-STAR, and by optimizing the engine design parameters to yield a successful OM-HFE. For the Phase 1, the project tasks include : identification of relevant engine processes and parameters; modeling of engine processes and performance; variational performance analysis and optimization, prediction of engine performance; preliminary design and layout of the engine; reporting and planning. tasks for a phase 1 option include : experimental validation of critical technologies; and iteration of the system design. The above process will lead to an optimum heavy-fuel / multi-fuel engine of less than 5 hp.

IRON BAY MODEL CO. 3301 Chapline Street Wheeling, WV 26003
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(724) 554-8879 Mr. John Craig ARMY 07-075 Awarded: 11/08/07
Title:	Very Small, Heavy-Fuel Engine (VSHF) Concepts
Abstract:	In recent years there has been substantial investigation into heavy-fuel (diesel or JP-8) engine technologies with the goal of producing small engines (in the 5 horsepower range) for a number of useful applications within both military and commercial areas ranging from unmanned vehicles to power generation. However, practical solutions that resulted in working viable power-plants with the performance and reliability necessary for real-world everyday use were not achieved. A recently patented (#6,899,061, May 31, 2005 and #6,994,057, Feb. 7, 2006) innovative compression ignition engine has been proven in 2006 to operate as anticipated at West Virginia University. It used a modified single cylinder, four-stroke, CFR (Cooperative Research Engine). Its design combines the high pressure compression ignition of the diesel engine with the rapid and timed combustion in the spark ignition engine to maximize combustion compression. These tests provide the technology basis for miniaturization into a useful small engine that can be commercially produced and utilized for everyday applications. This new internal combustion reciprocating engine is reliable and allows burning lean mixtures of heavy fuel for efficient operation. The technology appears to be scalable in size to power small unmanned vehicles and for portable power generators. A small version of this engine is proposed to determine if it is feasible and to demonstrate the technology, along with an analysis of its performance to evaluate its capabilities.

JM HARWOOD, LLC 4045 French Oak Ct. St. Charles, MO 63304
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(636) 459-5848 Mr. Michael Harwood ARMY 07-075 Awarded: 11/30/07
Title:	Very Small Injection Technology (V-SInTech) Demo
Abstract:	JM Harwood, LLC proposes the demonstration of a very small, light weight, auto-ignition diesel using JM Harwood's proprietary Very Small Injection Technology (V-SInTech) direct fuel injection system. The V-SInTech direct fuel injection system eliminates the need for a heavy, high pressure fuel pump and injector. It provides a compact solution for producing fine atomization and the timely, accurate injection necessary for efficient diesel engine operation. JM Harwood proposes the modification of an O.S. Engines FS-120 4-stroke engine into a 14:1 compression ratio, auto-ignition diesel for purposes of demonstration. The Phase I effort will conduct the detailed design and analysis of the V-SInTech integration into the modified engine, in addition to the detailed design and analysis of the engine modification. The fabrication of the V-SInTech injector will begin during the Phase I Option for an initial functional and performance test during the first part of Phase II. This will enable a Phase II demonstration of Very Small Heavy Fuel (VSHF) engine.

TABLE MOUNTAIN OPTICS 509 Marin StreetSuite 125 Thousand Oaks, CA 91360
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 496-7133 Dr. William H. Southwell ARMY 07-079 Awarded: 12/05/07
Title:	Dual Band Infrared Coatings
Abstract:	This proposal is to perform optical thin film design studies for filters to be used in the mid wave infrared and simultaneously in the long wave infrared regions. In addition to the design studies, thin film materials and deposition processes and monitoring methods will be studied. The ultimate purpose is to develop the technology to enable high performance for military infrared sensors.

FIBERTEK, INC. 510 Herndon Parkway Herndon, VA 20170
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 471-7671 Mr. Bill Gavert ARMY 07-080 Awarded: 12/03/07
Title:	Ultra-High Temporal Resolution Laser Radar (LADAR) Receiver
Abstract:	Fibertek Corporation of Herndon VA is proposing to perform critical system analysis and design for an ultra high resolution analog-to-digital converter(ADC)-based LADAR receiver that can resolve multiple <500ps pulses at 1.5 microns through foliage and obscurants with a repetition rate of up to 1.5 MHz.

VOXTEL, INC. 12725 SW Millikan WaySuite 230 Beaverton, OR 97005
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(971) 223-5646 Mr. Andrew Huntington ARMY 07-080 Awarded: 01/11/08
Title:	Ultra-High Temporal Resolution Laser Radar (LADAR) Receiver
Abstract:	In Phase I, the performance of existing ultra-low-noise, high-speed avalanche photodiodes (APDs) and readout integrated circuits (ROICs) will be characterized and the performance attributes of the Army Ultra-High-Temporal-Resolution LADAR Receiver demonstrated. Additionally, the impulse response, pulse-pair resolution, and noise characteristics of 30-,40-,50-,and 60-æm diameter variants of existing ultra-low-noise APDs will be measured. These trade studies will quantify: impulse response scaling, pulse-pair resolution, and sensitivity versus detector area, and will allow us to identify a device design that meets the Army's performance goals. Using the trade study results and APD and ROIC device characterization, the Phase II LADAR receiver will be designed and simulated to meet the solicited requirements, including: sub-nanosecond laser pulse response, a 1.5-micron response, 100-micron diameter APD with the best possible excess noise performance, <500-psec pulse time-of-flight (tof) response and the ability to capture multiple tof and sample 50-psec pulse amplitudes at kHz pulse-repetition rates. At the end of Phase I, the design of all components of a LADAR receiver will be completed, supported by both circuit simulation and empirical measurement of detectors so that in Phase II, the ultra-high resolution LADAR receiver will be manufactured and characterized for integrated into a short-pulse direct-detection LADAR system.

III-N TECHNOLOGY, INC. 2033 Plymouth Road Manhattan, KS 66503, KS 66503
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(785) 341-6964 Dr. Zhaoyang Fan ARMY 07-082 Awarded: 12/13/07
Title:	3D Integrated Full Color Microdisplays Based on InGaN/AlGaInP Semiconductor Microemitter Arrays
Abstract:	The goal of this SBIR project is to develop next generation inorganic semiconductor based emissive microdisplays with the following merits: Much higher brightness and power efficiency (5 x) than the current filter based LCD and OLED microdisplays. Resolution and pixel density higher than 15 micron per pixel with VGA, SVGA and higher format. RGB narrow bandwidth (~ 25 nm) with high color fidelity and gamut exceeding the current display standard. Broad full color tunability. High gray scale. Wide viewing angle (>120 o). Pixel response on nanoseconds scale. Robust and long lifetime. To achieve the above goals, the proposed architecture will be based on 3D integration of stacked semiconductor RGB micro-emitter pixels with silicon CMOS driver/processor. The RGB micro-emitters have a vertically stacked structure with full-color tunability, ensuring a minimum pixel size. They are based on highly efficient InGaN for blue/green wavelength and AlGaInP for red wavelength emission, which are vertically integrated through thin-film transfer. The micro-emitter array will be bonded onto a silicon IC driver/processor substrate by flip-chip bonding and SiO2 based wafer bonding.

AMERICAN GNC CORP. 888 Easy Street Simi Valley, CA 93065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 582-0582 Dr. Ching-Fang Lin ARMY 07-085 Awarded: 12/18/07
Title:	Integrated Auto-Calibration Self-Contained Target Acquisition Module
Abstract:	The objective of this project is to demonstrate an innovative Integrated Auto-Calibration Self-Contained Target Acquisition Module (referred to as IASTAM in this proposal) for a Handheld Target Location System. In the Phase I of the project, we will test and evaluate a technical approach for the IASTAM implementation based on a new gyrocompassing method of an inertial navigation system (INS). It is based on fully Auto-Calibration Self-Contained inertial navigation system (INS) principles, and does not depend on magnetometers for azimuth/heading determination. Thus the system outputs and performance are not affected by the environmental magnetic fields. In the Phase I, the proposed approach of the IASTAM will be investigated and implemented. We will carry out hardware and software evaluation of the IASTAM. Laboratory testing will be carried out to verify the system performance. Based on the Phase I work we will build a prototype system for field experimentation/tests in Phase II.

JAYMART SENSORS LLC 4733 Fox St Orlando, FL 32814
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 228-2226 Mr. Martin Tanenhaus ARMY 07-085 Awarded: 01/09/08
Title:	Improved Far-Target Location Accuracy for Man-portable Systems Through Application of GPS, Gyroscope, and Magnetometer Technologies
Abstract:	A. Summary . The program proposed herein addresses the need for more accurate target location information, specifically azimuth and elevation. This program combines accurately aligned MEMS gyros, accelerometers and a digital magnetic compass in a miniaturized package with GPS to achieve azimuth accuracy. The program leverages our demonstrated ability to package sensors, GPS and low power managed, high computation rate signal processing in a small volume to obtain an accurate MEMS based IMU/INS (1.9 in3) that utilizes new sensor technologies, miniaturized packaging and advanced 3D algorithms.

AGILE RF, INC. 93 Castilian Drive Santa Barbara, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-5159 Mr. Albert Cardona ARMY 07-086 Awarded: 11/20/07
Title:	Wideband Filter Networks for Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) Size, Weight, and Power (SWAP) Reduction
Abstract:	Agile is proposing a unique new technology to solve JTRS filtering issues using a recently discovered piezoelectric material that can provide its own switching and tuning capabilities.

DAX TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL 100 Matawan RdSuite 350 Matawan, NJ 07747
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 203-1784 Ms. Dana S. Alexe ARMY 07-088 Awarded: 12/21/07
Title:	Improved Fault Management/Correlation for Tactical Networks
Abstract:	In recent years, mobile ad-hoc networks have received considerable attention due to their capabilities to enable data networking without any infrastructure support. However, the nodes use wireless radios with limited bandwidth and typically high loss rates to communicate; every node participates in packet forwarding, and the topology of the network is dynamic. The U.S. military is planning deployment of mobile ad-hoc networks and commercial applications are emerging. Past research on such networks has been focused primarily on the enabling technologies such as wireless radios, media access, and routing. The challenging task of managing these networks has to now be addressed to ensure effective communications. Today's commercial network management tools were mostly designed for networks with stable topologies and abundant capacity. These tools are ill-suited for mobile ad-hoc networks. In this Phase I study we propose to achieve a characterization of faults for the ad-hoc network that can be then used as the foundation for proposing an architecture to effectively deal with these faults. We will investigate distributive correlation techniques, root cause analysis based on network event causality model, and mission network optimization all in support of being able to propose an architecture design for a solution to the challenge of fault management/correlation for tactical ad-hoc networks.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun DriveSuite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5241 Dr. Renato Levy ARMY 07-089 Awarded: 01/05/07
Title:	High Performance Parallel Signal Processor with SDK for Advanced Communications
Abstract:	Intelligent Automation, Inc. (IAI), proposes a massive large scale parallelized high performance signal processor for advanced wireless communication. Our novel software developer kit (SDK) will translate single threaded or single processor waveform to the parallel processing aware waveform for field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). The high performance parallel processing model in FPGA has: (1) highly computational, embedded real time large scale parallelization, (2) optimization algorithm that allocates processor resources efficiently, (3) SDK tools for waveforms translations from single processor or thread to parallel architecture, (4) SDK tools for processor reconfiguration, expansion, optimization and mapping, (5) parallelization algorithm scalable across multiple processors with decreased power and (6) parallel execution of processing of multiple waveforms in the FPGA. FPGA offers most resilient, powerful, scalable approach for high performance parallel processing. The key innovations we propose are (1) high speed waveform digital signal processor with simultaneous processing of multiple waveforms in the processor (2) ability to perform test simulations on the FPGA itself, by creating HDL block, (3) ability to process waveforms upto 10 GHz and (4) SDK monitoring, analysis, storing the data and control the channels. The proposed system can be rapidly deployed for testing within the Phase I base period.

CUSTOM MMIC DESIGN SERVICES, INC. 2 Pace Rd Tyngsboro, MA 01879
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 649-2660 Mr. Paul Blount ARMY 07-090 Awarded: 12/18/07
Title:	High Efficiency, Low Power, Low Noise Amplifiers for SATCOM
Abstract:	This proposal drastically reduces the existing power dissipation of low noise amplifiers within phase array systems. We intend to use an innovative and novel modification to a standard topology to achieve excellent performance with small size and mismatch tolerance. Such a novel use of current sharing in a balanced amplifier topology, along with a metamorphic HEMT (mHEMT) technology will result in the smallest and best performance for this design. The mHEMT will create a situation where the smallest design can be achieved by reducing the number of stages of amplification necessary to achieve greater than 20dB of gain while maintaining a good noise figure match. Further reduction in size for the amplifiers is proposed with the use of lumped element hybrids in the place of distributed elements.

HITTITE MICROWAVE CORP. 20 Alpha Road Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-3343 Mr. Frank Traut ARMY 07-090 Awarded: 11/30/07
Title:	High Efficiency, Low Power, Low Noise Amplifiers for SATCOM (2007021)
Abstract:	Today's satellite communications terminals rely on electronically steered arrays made of a large number of radiating elements with a receive module connected to each element. Typically, a receive module contains a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) and a phase shifter integrated into one (or more) MMIC chip. In order to reduce the power dissipation of the receiver, one critical design goal for module and hence the Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), is to maximize the power-added efficiency (PAE) of the amplifier. While the dissipation in the LNA is a small fraction of the prime power consumption in the transmitter, the receiver portion of the terminal remains powered on at all times, thus the power consumption in the receiver represents a critical power drain. This will result in a reduced heat-load, which will in turn reduces the required cooling of the receive phased array antenna. The proposed program will conduct an analysis and preliminary design of high-efficiency, low power consumption, self-biased MMIC LNAs covering X- and K-band frequency bands.

MAYFLOWER COMMUNICATIONS CO., INC. 20 Burlington Mall Road Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 359-9500 Mr. George Dimos ARMY 07-091 Awarded: 12/19/07
Title:	Enhancements for Military Ground Based GPS Receivers in Urban Environments
Abstract:	This proposal addresses the Army SBIR program objective to develop and demonstrate GPS receiver improvements for ground users to optimize their positioning performance in urban applications. The proposed enhanced system (whose full configuration is shown in Figure 1 below) consists of (i) the Mayflower "NavAssure" SAASM GPS receiver; and (ii) receiver software enhancements in order to mitigate the performance issues for urban applications by incorporating Deep Integration (DI) with an IMU, Multipath Detection (MD), and Collaborative Navigation (CN) based on external GPS aiding measurements from collaborating receivers through a tactical radio (JTRS HMS a.k.a. "soldier's radio"). Significant performance improvements, compared to typical existing military receivers, can be obtained with subsets of the above full configuration, i.e. (A) stand-alone "NavAssure" receiver with DI/MD software enhancements; and (B) stand-alone "NavAssure" receiver plus JTRS aiding and CN software enhancements. Mayflower is developing the "NavAssure" single chip SAASM GPS receiver (under the Navy GIF SBIR III program.) which is expected to be available in 2009 at a production cost of about $500 and typical power consumption of significantly less than 0.5 Watt. Theprogram. Mayflower is also developing the JTRS data interface under a Navy SPAWAR SBIR II program. The Phase I study will quantify the performance benefits of the proposed enhancements and demonstrate its feasibility to mitigate positioning performance degradation in urban applications. The follow on Phase II effort will implement these enhancements in software on the NavAssure SAASM GPS receiver platform and test and demonstrate its effectiveness in urban GPS applications..

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Photonic Systems Division20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Paul Shnitser ARMY 07-091 Awarded: 11/26/07
Title:	Horizontal Precision Enhancement System
Abstract:	To address the Army need for Global Positioning System Precise Positioning Service receiver improvements for ground users to improve their positioning precision in urban areas, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop new Horizontal Precision Enhancement (HOPE) technology. This proposed system is based on self-contained navigation combined with multiple hypothesis tracking (MHT) prediction. The innovation in combining a compact and lightweight (<8 cub. in, <8 oz) navigation sensor module with MHT dynamic process prediction enables the HOPE to achieve <2 m, 95%, horizontal positioning performance in all environments, including urban areas and within enclosed spaces, such as buildings and caves. The optical self-mixing interferometer-based navigation sensor tracks horizontal position through precise measurement (>95% accuracy) of three-dimensional velocity components. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the HOPE system by measuring horizontal position tracking inside a building with commercial off-the-shelf components. In Phase II we plan to develop a fully operational HOPE system, including an on-board signal processing and wireless communication link, that can be readily integrated into virtually any ground-based military platforms.

LYNNTECH, INC. 7610 Eastmark Drive College Station, TX 77840
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(979) 693-0017 Dr. Jeremy Steinshnider ARMY 07-092 Awarded: 10/30/07
Title:	Multi-functional Fluidic Manifold for Portable Fuel Cell Systems
Abstract:	Significant progress has been made in recent years in portable fuel cell systems to increase energy and power densities. However, the majority of the focus has been in fuel cell development or hydrogen storage with little consideration towards the system ancillary components (pumps, valves, regulators, tubing) that usually require a complicated layout and adds unnecessary mass and volume. To address these limitations, Lynntech proposes to develop a multi-functional fluidic manifold that will reduce the system mass and volume, while improving both reliability and robustness. This novel multi-functional fluidic manifold contains the reactant gas and cooling channels, eliminating the need for tubing where the wall thickness accounts for half the tube diameter. The pump heads will be integrated in the fluidic manifold, eliminating the need for a shell. The manifold body will also serve as the regulator housing. To further reduce system mass and volume the fuel cell and heat exchanger will attach directly to the manifold eliminating the need for an endplate and water flow channel plate. This entire fluidic manifold will be fabricated from lightweight, high strength plastics to handle the mechanical and thermal stresses with new low power solenoid valves to improve system efficiency.

ULTRACELL CORP. 399 Lindbergh Avenue Livermore, CA 94551
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 455-9400 Mr. Ian ARMY 07-092 Awarded: 10/31/07
Title:	Water Vapor Recovery System for Advancement of State of the Art Fuel Cell Technologies through Innovative Component Development
Abstract:	Information technology is integral to the success of modern day military operations and future soldier capabilities. Traditional battery technologies do not provide the energy density and power delivery available in a size and weight that meets electronics intensive battlefield requirements with long mission durations. Micro fuel cells are envisioned as the next generation of hot-swappable, safe and environmentally friendly off-grid power sources for these demanding applications. The ultimate objective for this SBIR effort will be the development of a fuel cell system that provides 20W of power in less than 0.8 kg dry weight and exhibits an energy density of at least 1440Whr/kg for a 72 hour mission. The target energy density will be accomplished through the innovation of a water vapor recovery system (WVRS) component that will enable pure methanol fuel cartridges, thereby dramatically impacting fuel energy density by 38%.

JADOO POWER SYSTEMS, INC. 181 Blue Ravine Road Folsom, CA 95630
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(916) 608-9044 Mr. Andrew Wallace ARMY 07-093 Awarded: 11/28/07
Title:	Economical Power Source for Dismounted Soldier and Unattended Ground Sensor Missions
Abstract:	Leveraging fielded experience with award winning fuel cell products, Jadoo proposes a fuel flexible approach operating on a common fuel cell platform. Jadoo will develop a life cycle model supported by empirical data obtained from our fielded products, specific application data, and fuel technology specific characteristics. This model will be used to assess multiple energy storage technologies against dismounted soldier (DS) and unattended ground sensor (UGS) application requirements. The Jadoo fuel cell system architecture is well proven over hundreds of commercially fielded systems showing high reliability (>7000 hours), low cost (100W system under $1000), instant startup (less than 2 seconds), start/stop resilience (>7000 start/stops), and a wide environmental temperature (-20 to 55øC). Jadoo has already developed standardized fuel canisters that use ammonia borane, metal hydrides and sodium borohydride using a common fuel cell interface. Jadoo's N-Stor interface enables a single fuel cell system to operate on any one of the above mentioned technologies without the need to change the system design. Jadoo has already demonstrated the operation of its commercial N-Gen fuel cell system on the above mentioned fuels as well as with reformed methanol and sodium silicide technologies. The needs and requirements of markets must drive the choice of fuel technology. Similarly, applications like cell phones require a rechargeable lithium ion battery while flashlights typically use primary batteries. Utilizing this universal fuel cell approach, end customers may use any combination of fuel storage technologies based on cost, storage capabilities, performance characteristics, refill requirements, and field availability.

PRECISION COMBUSTION, INC. 410 Sackett Point Road North Haven, CT 06473
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(203) 287-3700 Mr. Richard Mastanduno ARMY 07-093 Awarded: 11/29/07
Title:	Economical Power Source for Dismounted Soldier and Unattended Ground Sensor Missions
Abstract:	The Army has identified a need for low (<20 We) power systems for the Unmanned Ground Sensor (UGS) and Dismounted Soldier (DS) applications. Precision Combustion, Inc. (PCI) has developed a microscale-burner with successful technology from Palm Power, DoD CERDEC and SBIR programs, and is proposing to develop component and system level designs to exceed the capabilities of current battery technology by optimizing parameters for our catalytic combustor combined with thermoelectric modules already proven in military applications. In order to overcome the key hurdles, PCI is proposing a design and sensitivity study to define performance requirements of system components that meet the stringent performance and operational requirements of microburners. Mesh-like Microlith catalytic substrates will be utilized to realize benefits from the short-contact-time technology's compact size, its diffusive capabilities to boost mixing, and its high surface area to augment vaporization. Capabilities of current and developing thermoelectric systems and Balance of Plant components will be evaluated as part of the overall integrated power generation system design studies. If successful, a low cost system which exceeds the baseline performance of military BB-8180/U Zinc-air batteries will be defined. The Phase II program will demonstrate the most promising systems.

APPLIED MEDIA ANALYSIS, INC. 387 Technology Drive, Suite 2101 College Park, MD 20742
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 405-8574 Dr. Huiping Li ARMY 07-095 Awarded: 12/13/07
Title:	AHOCR: A System for Offline Arabic Handwriting Recognition
Abstract:	For this SBIR Applied Media Analysis, Inc. is teamed with researchers at the University of Buffalo (SUNY Buffalo) to address the challenges of Arabic handwriting Optical Character Recognition (AHOCR). The proposed approach leverages our previous experience developing MATES, a Multilingual Automatic Translation Engine for Signs (and documents), supported in part by the Army Research Laboratory (ARL). It will significantly extend our Mobile Arabic OCR capability to handle the handwriting. The system will be comprised of software modules including handwritten text extraction, preprocessing, segmentation, classification, post processing and evaluation. In this proposal we will focus on the underlying algorithms, rather then retargetablity, and our strategy will explore probabilistic methods that are independent of the writing style. These probabilistic methods have not previously been applied to Arabic handwriting recognition and advance the frontiers of document analysis in general, in addition to being ideally suited to the domains where the quality of documents is often less than ideal. We will demonstrate technical feasibility by testing the system on several Arabic handwriting collections, previously used in the community.

CYBERNET SYSTEMS CORP. 727 Airport Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 668-2567 Mr. Glenn Beach ARMY 07-095 Awarded: 12/20/07
Title:	Optical Character Recognition for Arabic Ruq
Abstract:	In the ongoing efforts in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), as well as the continuing Global War on Terror (GWOT), U.S. forces gain valuable information from captured documents. While these documents are typically written in Arabic, there are not enough U.S. personnel trained in reading Arabic to expediently read and understand the captured information. Since the information has the most value while it is still fresh, the U.S. military has started to use Arabic based optical character recognition (OCR) to quickly convert the Arabic text into English. While these commercial OCR packages work well with machine-produced documents, their performance is quickly and significantly degraded on more typical hand-written Arabic documents. The problems are compounded when the original document contains even small levels of noise or other sources of image degradation. In order to more quickly and effectively process collected information there is a need for an automated system to process this handwritten text. We propose to leverage our experience with developing previous image processing and handwriting recognition systems to develop a system for performing optical character recognition (OCR) on the most commonly used Arabic script, Ruq'ah

ELECTRO ENERGY, MOBILE PRODUCTS, INC. 3820 S Hancock Expressway Colorado Springs, CO 80911
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(719) 392-4266 Mr. Stephen Cordova ARMY 07-096 Awarded: 12/16/07
Title:	Applied Innovative Nano-Materials Technology for High Energy Rechargeable Batteries, for Soldier Systems for Extended Missions in Combat Environments
Abstract:	This proposal is for the development of ultrahigh energy density rechargeable lithium battery chemistry. A novel cathode material is chosen that when fully developed is expected to provide packaged batteries with specific energies of 400-500 Wh/kg. The new battery will have applications in soldier power, aircraft, high power weapons and other military and commercial products. The electrode chemistry under consideration has particular application for high energy rechargeable batteries for soldier systems for extended missions in the combat environments. The proposal identifies a new type of nanocomposite rechargeable lithium battery cathode material to provide high specific energy and a proprietary cell design to provide high rate capability and compact packaging. The proposal identifies the steps for preparing and identifying optimum electrode compositions, fabricating and evaluating laboratory test cells and developing and characterizing fully packaged rechargeable lithium cells.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Darin A. Knaus ARMY 07-097 Awarded: 11/29/07
Title:	Multi-Fuel Burner for Stirling Applications
Abstract:	Compact, efficient, and sustainable electric power generators are needed to provide mobile electric power for deployable military bases. Stirling engines are attractive candidates to meet the Army's future deployed electric power needs because they are quiet, efficient, and have the potential to be highly fuel-flexible due to the external combustion process used to drive the engine. For low-power engines (<1 kW_e) operated on heavy fuels such as JP-8 or diesel, fuel atomization and/or vaporization is a key aspect of burner design. Creare has previously developed fuel atomization technology compatible with JP-8 and diesel for small burners used for personal combat feeding. In the currently proposed project, we will modify this existing burner technology to add multi-fuel capability (JP-8, diesel, gasoline, and propane) and adapt the burner so that it will interface with a 750 W_e Stirling engine. In Phase I, we will demonstrate fuel delivery and combustion of the four fuels in a single proof-of-concept burner. During the Option phase, we will design and analyze a recuperator to maximize burner efficiency. In Phase II, we will develop a burner prototype compatible with an existing free-piston Stirling engine and characterize operability, efficiency, noise signature, and emissions with the four fuels.

TIAX LLC 15 Acorn Park Cambridge, MA 02140
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 498-6643 Mr. Jason Targoff ARMY 07-097 Awarded: 11/20/07
Title:	Multi-fuel Burner for Stirling Engine Based on Innovative Component Development
Abstract:	Developing a multi-fuel capable burner with an electronic controls subsystem for a Stirling engine represents an opportunity to develop a power source capable of running on a variety of military fuels. TIAX has developed a Stirling engine power plant technology, an operational third-generation laboratory prototype. The existing engine prototype has a multi-fuel compatible vaporizing burner with a 1.5-5 kW variable burn. There are technical limitations in atomizing less than 5 kW of heavy fuels (atomizers suffer from orifice clogging) and in vaporizing heavy fuels (fuel vaporization temperatures and coke-formation temperatures overlap). However, the TIAX-developed vaporizing burner achieves a clean, uniform flame with negligible coke formation after hours of use with a variety of fuels. In this project we will further optimize the burner flow field for improved thermal efficiency and heat recuperation. We will also modify our electronic controls subsystem to allow for multi-fuel, switch "on-the-fly" use. This project will improve the TRL of the TIAX Stirling engine. If this project is successfully implemented for military direct power and hybrid power applications, then commercial manufacturers would adopt the same features for applications in recreational vehicles/cabins and emergency vehicles/rescue stations as a compact source for combined heat and power output.

BLACK FOREST ENGINEERING, LLC 1879 Austin Bluffs Parkway Colorado Springs, CO 80918
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(719) 593-9501 Dr. Stephen Gaalema ARMY 07-098 Awarded: 01/08/08
Title:	Large Format Uncooled Focal Plane Array
Abstract:	Uncooled focal plane array (FPA) technology has evolved such that high performance is achieved in the long wavelength infrared (LWIR) with small pixel pitch and fast time constant. Small pitch allows high resolution with reduction in optics size and weight. Black Forest Engineering (BFE) has demonstrated 1024x768 a-Si:H FPAs with 20 um pixel pitch, noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) < 35 mK and time constant < 8 msec. On Phase I, BFE will demonstrate by design and analysis pixel circuit modifications to provide adjustable control of time constant and responsivity in a 17 um pixel pitch. On Phase II, this new pixel circuitry will be demonstrated in a 320x240 or larger format FPA, that achieves NETD < 20 mK at F/1.4 (LWIR @ 300 K). The new pixel circuitry will allow 1280x960 uncooled FPAs with high performance and hot source mitigation.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun DriveSuite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5209 Dr. Julia Deng ARMY 07-099 Awarded: 11/29/07
Title:	An Integrated Denial of Service (DoS) Mitigation Scheme for Tactical Networks
Abstract:	One important class of security threats, Denial of Service (DoS) caused by the commodity of shared wireless medium is not fully addressable through conventional security mechanisms. In reality, DoS is such an easy attack which can be launched by an inexperienced attacker, but may cause significant system performance degradation, or even network partition and failure. Therefore, to ensure accurate, secure, and reliable "mission-critical" information delivery in the Network Centric Warfare systems, DoS attacks have to be further addressed. In this proposal, Intelligent Automation, Inc. (IAI) and its subcontractor, Professor Yang Xiao from the University of Alabama propose an integrated pipeline structure to mitigate the effects of DoS attacks, including DoS prevention, DoS detection and DoS response components. For each component, a set of DoS mitigation mechanisms are designed. One significant advantage of the proposed scheme is that it adopts the common defense strategies used in our daily life as well as the military war. In simple words, if A tries to fight with B, there are three approaches that B can do: 1) build high defense guard, 2) fight back when unavoidable, 3) escape when facing with unbeatable enemy. The three functional components in our proposed scheme correspond to these three defense strategies.

INFOSCITEX CORP. 303 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 429-9008 Mr. Rob Gillen ARMY 07-100 Awarded: 01/10/08
Title:	Mobility to 802.16j - Mobile Multi-hop Relay Base Stations
Abstract:	Due to the remarkable benefits provided by 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) networks, military interest in such technology has consistently grown. However, preplanned base station locations with tall towers and directionally-optimized antennas are not tactically useful. Therefore, in order for the military to leverage commercial wireless technologies, these technologies must be adapted for a tactical environment. In this project, we will address these challenges and develop the Multi-hop Base Station Mobility Management Scheme (MBSMMS) which will provide support for the mobility of base stations in a tactical environment. The proposed MBSMMS is an improvement/amendment of the current IEEE 802.16j standard that offers efficient mobility support for BSs and provides backward compliance to the commercial 802.16 technology. IST has assembled a distinguished team to address this proposal. In conjunction with our university research partner, we are proposing a novel and innovative approach to meeting the requirements called for in the solicitation. At the conclusion of Phase II, we will have a pre-production version of our product ready for immediate deployment in selected applications.

EMAG TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 775 Technology Dr.Suite 300 Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 996-3624 Dr. Alex Margomenos ARMY 07-101 Awarded: 12/03/07
Title:	Low Profile Smart Multiple Beam Forming Antenna for KU-Band
Abstract:	This SBIR project addresses the Army's need for development of a high performance, low cost, reduced size, weight and power consumption (SWaP) beam steering array antenna that operates at the Ku-band frequency range with multiple simultaneous beam capability. In response to this need, EMAG Technologies proposes to develop a Ku-band wafer-scale digital beamforming (DBF) array based on revolutionary concepts in packaging and three-dimensional integration. The proposed system will comprise stacked high-resistivity silicon wafers each with a different functionality. EMAG Technologies proposes to develop a novel micromachined RF front end that will combine an antenna array, monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC), and digital beamforming on a tile of array elements where each element forms a miniaturized multi-chip structure.

SCALABLE NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 6701 Center Drive West #520 Los Angeles, CA 90045
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 338-3318 Dr. Prachee Sharma ARMY 07-102 Awarded: 11/21/07
Title:	Cross-Layer Architectures, Semantics and Strategies (CLASS)
Abstract:	While static parameter selections may be adequate for traditional layered network architectures, contemporary mobile ad hoc networks require cross-layer parameter optimizations to maintain desired performance. Though promising, the doctrine of cross-layer designs have limited proliferation due to unknown performance gains vs complexity trade-offs, ease of implementation, portability, scalability and security vulnerability. Phase I of this SBIR will provide a tool to analyze, test, evaluate and improve cross-layer designs. A thorough analysis of existing cross-layer techniques/algorithms and implementation strategies will be done. The SBIR proposes a high level design of the CLASS tool, which takes inputs from the user about performance objectives, cross-layer design techniques/protocols to be analyzed and the target deployment environment and/or mission scenario. The proposed tool will use a combination of analytical models and simulations to evaluate the existing design; make changes to the design to improve its performance and output the cross-layer design, including the expected performance goals. The analysis will include classification of these techniques according the expected performance gains from various designs and impact of cross-layer techniques/algorithms on network security. The Phase 1 design will provide the basis for a Phase 2 implementation effort to analyze cross-layered designs for large-scale networks with tens of thousands of components.

AMERICAN GNC CORP. 888 Easy Street Simi Valley, CA 93065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 582-0582 Dr. Jensen Lin ARMY 07-104 Awarded: 12/04/07
Title:	Real-Time Ultra Resolution Navigation System (ReTURNS)
Abstract:	The U.S. Army is looking for a low-cost navigation system with highly efficient route planning algorithm that provides real-time route planning/re-planning and is capable of deployment within the tactical and logistic vehicles in urban and suburban hostile environments. In the hostile, highly complex and often unfamiliar battle situations/terrain, it is a challenge to maintain robust communication and situational awareness for the soldiers/small operation units in urban areas as well as open fields under dense vegetation. A situational awareness navigation system that provides robust, up to date, enemy location/blockade/movements, road and terrain conditions, and real-time route planning for engagement or retreat will be an invaluable asset to the warfighters in the current and future battle space. Leveraging on AGNC's coremicro 4D-GIS system, the coremicro Palm Navigator for GPS and GPS-denied Navigation and tracking, more than twenty years leading in Guidance, Navigation, Control & Communications (GNCC) and control software/hardware integration and development, AGNC is confident in integrating and developing the Real-Time Ultra Resolution Navigation System (ReTURNS) that will fulfill the need of the U.S. Army.

PRIMORDIAL, INC. 1835 Energy Park Drive Saint Paul, MN 55108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(651) 659-6762 Mr. Randy L. Milbert ARMY 07-104 Awarded: 12/10/07
Title:	Ground Guidance: Low Cost Tactical and Logistical Routing and Navigation
Abstract:	Digital battle command and control systems such as Force XXI Battle Command Brigade and Below (FBCB2) and Movement Tracking System (MTS) are wildly successful but are being deployed to only the highest priority Army vehicles due primarily to cost and budget constraints. In partnership with Comtech Mobile Datacom Corporation and Magellan Navigation Incorporated, Primordial proposes Ground Guidance, a low-cost, real-time route planning and navigation system for logistical and tactical vehicles. Ground Guidance is a low-cost alternative to FBCB2 and MTS that provides enhanced routing capabilities and real-time satellite access to shared threat and hazard databases. At a projected unit cost of $6,600, Ground Guidance can be deployed down to the last vehicle. While utilizing state of the art commercial routing algorithms, Ground Guidance is tailored specifically for military operations by providing concealed routing capabilities, support for tactical and logistical vehicle routing, dismounted and emergency routing, and integration with FalconView mission planning software. Comtech, prime contractor for MTS, manufacturers battle tested satellite transceivers and is supporting Ground Guidance by providing their state of the art MT-2012 satellite transceiver. Magellan, creators of the popular Hertz NeverLost vehicle navigation system, is enhancing Ground Guidance's road-routing capabilities by providing their NavCreator Software Development Kit.

COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY ASSOC., INC. 12530 Parklawn Drive, Suite 470 Rockville, MD 20852
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 581-3266 Dr. Tom Velez ARMY 07-105 Awarded: 11/30/07
Title:	Connectivity, Continuity, and Data Initialization for BC Services
Abstract:	This submission addresses the problem of information flow and data initialization associated with achieving Battle Command (BC) Continuity of Operations (COOPS). The highly mobile and dynamically changing environment of BC operations requires that netcentric services and applications be fully operational as quickly as possible at the quality of service (QoS) needed to successfully carry out difficult missions - in other words, federated battle decision support environments must be capable of quickly achieving a state of readiness (SoR). BC operations demand automated tools that assure federated services and applications: 1) have the right decision support initialization data to support the tasks of the target node, 2) are properly configured to meet operational objectives, 3) have needed QoS characteristics, and 4) understand the changing state of the operational system and battlespace. Computer Technology Associates, Inc. (CTA) will investigate a highly automated BC COOPS initialization/configuration concept based on Task Organization (TO) aware agents using semantically encoded, policy-based structures that specify the data requirements, constraints, and initialization parameters based on dynamically changing TO mission context. These agents will perform functions such as session management, data transformations, and application-level protocol functions needed to establish and maintain connectivity and continuity of mission operations at a specified QoS.

SOAR TECHNOLOGY, INC. 3600 Green Court Suite 600 Ann Arbor, MI 48105
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 327-8000 Dr. Alan J. Vayda ARMY 07-105 Awarded: 12/06/07
Title:	Sousa: Composing and Conducting Battle Command Services
Abstract:	Soar Technology is teaming with Drexel University to develop Sousa, a multi-agent system that assists signal officers by automating the task of composing Battle Command (BC) services into data flows and conducting the flow of data for initialization. Sousa decomposes the task into sub-tasks that are each handled by an intelligent software agent as part of a multi-agent system. The overall system interfaces to the other services on the network as a service itself. The system includes agents for monitoring the network infrastructure, the units and task organization of the forces, and the BC service infrastructure. Information from the monitoring processes is consolidated and organized in a knowledge base where the information about BC services is stored in an ontology. A composer agent uses the BC services ontology and other information in the knowledge base to design a composition of services that meets the quality of service (QoS) requirements and all other constraints. A conductor agent takes the design and executes the necessary commands on the network to create the data flow. It then checks the data requirements and directs the appropriate data to each service that needs to be initialized.

MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, INC. 6022 Constitution Avenue NE Albuquerque, NM 87110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 255-8611 Dr. Carl R. Stern ARMY 07-106 Awarded: 12/20/07
Title:	Probabilistic Evidential Reasoning for Collecting Signals Intelligence Data
Abstract:	Management Sciences, Inc. (MSI) develops cognitive artificial intelligence tools. Cognitive reasoning is a logically constructed mathematical process that mimics the way people quickly process data into an understanding of a situation. We propose to develop a cognitive framework and toolset for processing Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) data. The architecture will have a solidly theoretical foundation with a Turing Complete Bayesian Inference Calculus for fusing data into higher and higher distillations not just collecting it. The toolset will work by using evidential fusion in combination with frames of reference to pick out important features and patterns in a track and test them against hypotheses to identify the track develop an understanding of its meaning in the context of current operations. The toolset will be used to support the work of SIGINT operators as they evaluate tracks for patterns and trends in support of the detection, identification, and tracking of potential threats.

MARK RESOURCES, INC. 3878 Carson Street, Suite 210 Torrance, CA 90503
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 543-4746 Dr. August W. Rihaczek ARMY 07-107 Awarded: 12/10/07
Title:	Range/Angle Radar Imaging for Non-Cooperative Combat Identification
Abstract:	Only radar has the potential to identify non-cooperative ground vehicles, day and night in all weather conditions (including dust), and automatically from a significant standoff range. However, previous attempts at radar target identification have not provided the needed performance. Approaches based on range profiles are too sensitive to target orientation and configuration, and approaches based on range/Doppler imaging require too long a dwell on each target. MARK Resources proposes an alternative based on range/azimuth imaging. Ground-to-ground identification is possible with small closely spaced antennas via "cell splitting" in azimuth, which can be achieved to the needed accuracy with our new radar resolution theory and image processing technology. We propose to develop processing algorithms that measure range/azimuth positions of scatterers on a moving or stationary ground vehicle and identify the vehicle from the measurements, as well as to perform a functional design of a practical radar that can collect the required data.

METROLASER, INC. 2572 White Road Irvine, CA 92614
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(949) 553-0688 Dr. Cecil Hess ARMY 07-107 Awarded: 12/14/07
Title:	Optical System for Identification of Friend or Foe
Abstract:	This proposal is for a laser-based system to discriminate between friend and foe based on the acoustic signatures of military vehicles in the battlefield. A long range, multi beam, laser Doppler vibrometer would be capable of simultaneously probing the vibrational signatures of multiple locations of the target. Measuring at multiple locations with a single system enables the measurement of moving vehicles and enhances the reliability of the data. Strategies to eliminate or mitigate the noise associated with measuring moving targets will be implemented and demonstrated during Phase I. Standoff distances of several km are possible with fiber lasers operating at the eye-safe wavelength of 1.55 ŸYm. Measuring vibrational signals for vehicle identification has been done for several years; mainly with CO2 lasers. Here we propose strategies to develop a fieldable system in a compact configuration based on telecom optics and multiple beams along with advanced algorithms to enable measuring moving vehicles. The Phase I work will consist of both analytical and experimental work culminating in proof-of-concept experimental demonstration of signature ID of a moving target.

METRON, INC. 11911 Freedom DriveSuite 800 Reston, VA 20190
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 787-8700 Dr. Christopher Boner ARMY 07-108 Awarded: 11/14/07
Title:	Multi-INT data fusion for Soft-Target Identification and Tracking (MP 66-07)
Abstract:	Countering today's asymmetric threats requires innovative technologies that automatically fuse massive amounts of data from diverse sources to discover and connect related signatures of threat entities, their activities and their support networks. Metron proposes to demonstrate the feasibility of fusing disparate sources of transactional HUMINT and COMINT data with GMTI and IMINT surveillance data to detect, track and assess High Value Individuals and their associated organizations for the Army. Metron shall leverage existing level 2/3 data fusion technologies to execute all phases: our Paladin link discovery and network detection technology as well as our PAT threat activity detection and assessment technology.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Information Technologies Division20600 Gramercy Place,Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Brian Xu ARMY 07-108 Awarded: 01/11/08
Title:	Blackboard Pattern-Enabled Integrated Intelligent Toolset
Abstract:	To address the U.S. Army need for an automated toolset to identify and track significant persons and their organizations, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a novel Blackboard pattern-enabled Integrated Intelligent Toolset (BIIT). BIIT is based on intelligent agents, a link analyzer, an entity association engine, an associative search engine, and Blackboard patterns, as well as our data fusion algorithms. BIIT will have unique capabilities for link and trend analysis for identification and detection of soft targets by means of HUMINT, COMINT, IMINT, and other intelligence data sources. The innovative use of unique intelligent agents, link analysis, associative search, and Blackboard patterns will enable BIIT to identify and track soft targets, and help commanders and analysts to quickly detect soft targets, and to disrupt and/or attack them. In Phase I POC will demonstrate BIIT feasibility by experiments, simulation, and performance assessment. In Phase II we will advance, code, and test the Phase I prototype, evaluate it through simulation and experiments, and validate the proof of concept toolset. We will mature the BIIT prototype software into commercial software and an automated toolset in Phase III and beyond.

RADIANCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 350 Wynn Drive Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 320-0966 Mr. Colin Morrow ARMY 07-112 Awarded: 11/07/07
Title:	Activity Behavior Modeling Toolkit (ABMT) for Non-Traditional OPFOR (Opposing Forces)
Abstract:	The objective of this effort, proposed by Radiance Technologies, Inc. and Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), is to investigate and design new behavioral models, methodologies, and techniques to identify unique behavior signatures of non-traditional transnational Opposing Forces (OPFOR) and or individuals in the Operations Other Than War (OOTW) environment to assist in predicting OPFOR courses of action (COA). This effort falls into the realm of designing asymmetrical activity behavioral models that use Human Measurement and Signature Intelligence (Human-MASINT).

PROPAGATION RESEARCH ASSOC. 1275 Kennestone CircleSuite 100 Marietta, GA 30066
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(678) 384-3401 Ms. Susan F. Dugas ARMY 07-113 Awarded: 11/28/07
Title:	Novel ECCM Techniques for Ground-Based Radars
Abstract:	Propagation Research Associates, Inc., (PRA) proposes to develop a combination of waveforms and beamforming techniques that will mitigate both broadband noise and coherent jamming. PRA will focus the development of ECCM techniques applied to the Firefinder EQ-36 radar using the Multi-Mission Radar (MMR) Advanced Technology Objective (ATO) prototype system as a test bed. PRA will propose a suite of ECCM techniques that can either be implemented into the EQ-36 radar with slight modification or can be implemented in future radars that are designed with these ECCM techniques in mind. For coherent jammers PRA proposes to randomize the fast (intra-pulse) and slow (inter-pulse) time-waveform structure to prevent a coherent jammer from capturing the transmit pulse or dwell. PRA proposes using pseudo-orthogonal codes to randomize a combination of time, frequency, and phase. Pseudo-random pulse coding will prevent a coherent jammer from covering the signal pulse. Continuous noise and coherent jamming techniques must be treated differently due the inherent nature of these two ECM approaches. Since noise jamming is essentially a statistical process, any ECCM mitigation technique must be statistical as well. PRA proposes to use adaptive beamforming and space-time adaptive processing techniques that will use covariance information to null broadband jammers.

HITTITE MICROWAVE CORP. 20 Alpha Road Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(719) 590-1112 Mr. Michael Harrell ARMY 07-114 Awarded: 11/27/07
Title:	Low-Cost Multi-Channel Arbitrary Waveform Generator (2007022)
Abstract:	Hittite proposes to develop a high-fidelity low-cost multi-channel arbitrary waveform generator (MC-ARB) utilizing delta-sigma waveform generator (DS-WG). The MC-ARB will be developed for use in a tactical vehicles environment. Applications of the MC-ARB include targeted jamming, communications, decoys, test instrumentation. The MC-ARB will support ten wideband channels capable of being tuned anywhere in the 20-6000 MHz spectrum. Each channel supports multiple independent waveforms. The feasibility of developing a low-cost MC-ARB and control GUI will be assessed during Phase I. A prototype delta-sigma waveform generator will be demonstrated during the Phase I-Option. A prototype MC-ARB will be developed during Phase II leading to a system demonstration.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP. 6800 Cortona Drive Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Mr. Brad Weals ARMY 07-114 Awarded: 01/08/08
Title:	Low-Cost, Multi-Channel Arbitrary Waveform Generator
Abstract:	The US Army has a need for a vehicle mounted arbitrary waveform generator to be used for research, development, and testing of various Electronic Surveillance (ES) and Electronic Warfare (EW) systems. The generator must be low-cost, multi-channel, high power, fast tuning, and capable of operation over a wide bandwidth. It must also be designed to operate from vehicle power or a battery pack, and it must be ruggedized for harsh environments, particularly for the shock and vibration associated with operation from a HMMWV. Toyon proposes to meet these requirements with a highly modular design consisting of up to 10 channel-modules and a backplane providing power and Ethernet connectivity. Each channel-module will support a fully independent, high power channel output over the entire operating band. Individual modules will have their own Flash Memory, field programmable gate array (FPGA), waveform synthesizer, up-conversion chain and set of power amplifiers (PAs). They will also be interchangeable, field replaceable, and individually configurable. Toyon is particularly well suited for the development and design of such a waveform generator due to our extensive signal processing, RF design, and prototyping experience.

TRIDENT SYSTEMS, INC. 10201 Lee HighwaySuite 300 Fairfax, VA 22030
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 267-2300 Mr. Peter Stuckey ARMY 07-114 Awarded: 01/08/08
Title:	Low-Cost, Multi-Channel Arbitrary Waveform Generator
Abstract:	Trident will develop Broadband Arbitrary Digital GEnerator (BADGE) to support Electronic Warfare, counter IED, and other applications. Trident has developed an innovative and flexible system architecture, and will utilize key pieces of technology developed in our RADAR and SIGINT work to reduce cost and schedule risk. This approach will result in system that will meet the challenging performance and cost objectives.

CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Dr. Jonathan D. Pfautz ARMY 07-116 Awarded: 12/20/07
Title:	A Tool for Assessing and Conveying Testimony Veracity (TACT-V)
Abstract:	HUMINT-specialized technologies (e.g., CI/HUMINT Information Management System (CHIMS), CI/HUMINT Automated Tool Set (CHATS)) provide soldiers with tools that help them capture, disseminate and reason about the information they collect. While these tools can help identify inconsistencies in source testimony, this activity still requires time and the expertise of the HUMINT collector to effectively assess and report on source and information reliability. To enhance the collection and exploitation of tactical HUMINT, soldiers need a tool to identify, assess, and alert them to false, inconsistent, and unreliable testimony gathered from sources while they are interviewing. We propose to design and demonstrate the feasibility of a Tool for Assessing and Conveying Testimony Veracity (TACT-V) that will allow HUMINT collectors to rapidly assess and convey the veracity and context surrounding source testimony. For this endeavor, we will leverage our vast experience in developing intelligent systems for Military Intelligence (MI) activities, and exploit our access to MI experts and HUMINT information to create a tool that that enables HUMINT collectors to detect gaps, and misinformation during the course of an interview. Also, we will leverage our experience in developing Serviced Oriented Architecture (SOA) solutions to design and demonstrate a composition of software services that are loosely coupled, extensible, and ready to integrate with current and future HUMINT support systems.

ACULIGHT CORP. 22121 20th Avenue SE Bothell, WA 98021
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 482-1100 Dr. Roy Mead ARMY 07-117 Awarded: 12/20/07
Title:	Standoff Explosives Detection
Abstract:	Aculight Corporation and ITT have teamed to develop a brassboard Raman sensor technology providing a clear path to a fully integrated sensor capable of detecting trace amounts of explosives at 30+ meters. Because of the maturity of the Aculight pulsed fiber laser technology and the ITT family of Raman sensors, the time to deployment of the proposed standoff sensor desired by the Army is minimal.

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun DriveSuite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-4760 Dr. Dan Xiang ARMY 07-117 Awarded: 12/05/07
Title:	Orthogonal Spectroscopic technique Using Femtosecond Laser-Induced-Breakdown and Laser-Induced-Fluorescence for Standoff Explosive Detection
Abstract:	In this proposal, Intelligent Automation, Inc. (IAI), along with its subcontractor, Prof. James Spicer from the Johns Hopkins University, proposes to develop a novel femtosecond laser-induced-fluorescence spectroscopy (LIFS) to form an orthogonal spectroscopic system with a femtosecond LIBS for detection and identification of hazardous materials. The key innovation of our proposed approach lies in applications of the orthogonal features associated with the LIBS and LIFS to enhance the signal detection for explosives. Due to the similarity in optics and electronics of a LIFS and LIBS, the combination of a femtosecond LIFS and LIBS can take advantages of both systems, without substantially increasing the overall system's configuration and cost.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Electro-Optics & Holography Division20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Iouri Kompaniets ARMY 07-118 Awarded: 01/11/08
Title:	Man-Portable Universal Real-Time Hyperspectral Sensor
Abstract:	To address the Army need for a visible and near-infrared (VNIR) - short wavelength infrared (SWIR) compact hyperspectral sensor in the 400 nm to 2500 nm wavelength window (greater than or equal to 100 spectral bands) for real-time, close-range (less than 1 km), ground-to-ground and low air-to-ground battlefield reconnaissance and surveillance missions, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Man-Portable Universal Real-Time Hyperspectral (MURTHY) sensor as a unique combination of a large-format staring focal-plane-array imager and a novel multispectral data processing algorithm, based on digital terrain models (DTM), line-of-sight analysis (LSA), and hyperspectral algorithms for target identification. The innovations in the MURTHY sensor will enable the system to operate in real-time mode using more than 100 spectral bands from 400 nm to 2300 nm, with further extension to 2500 nm wavelength. Computation for the hyperspectral method is applied to anomaly pixels only and allows real-time mode. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the MURTHY sensor concept and key algorithm elements by mathematical modeling and computer simulation. In Phase II POC plans to develop and test integrated hardware and software set to various nighttime devices to prove the stated concept and algorithms.

SURFACE OPTICS CORP. 11555 Rancho Bernardo Road San Diego, CA 92127
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 675-7404 Dr. David B. Cavanaugh ARMY 07-118 Awarded: 12/26/07
Title:	Visible and Near Infra-Red (VNIR) - Short Wavelength Infrared (SWIR) Hyperspectral Sensor
Abstract:	The Broad Band Hyperspectral Imaging (BBHSI) System will provide spectral coverage from 0.4 to 2.5 microns. The system is designed to be compact, portable and rugged for use by the warfighter. The BBHSI contains an integrated real-time hyperspectral processor which runs anomaly detection, end member, and similar other algorithms, and provides an easy and intuitive interface to the operator. The system also incorporates the ability for hyperspectral or multispectral imaging under low light level conditions.

AGILTRON CORP. 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Dr. Matthew Erdtmann ARMY 07-119 Awarded: 11/20/07
Title:	Monolithic SiGe SWIR Imaging Cameras
Abstract:	In this project, Agiltron and RTI International propose to demonstrate low-cost, low-power, man-portable megapixel SiGe SWIR imaging cameras as a vehicle to replace more costly InGaAs imaging cameras. In Phase I, superlattices of Ge quantum dots or strained SiGe layers will be investigated for their detection performance in the SWIR band. In Phase II, leveraging the colossal investments made in the Si CMOS microelectronics industry, Agiltron and RTI will transition the proposed SiGe technology to fabricate two-dimensional FPAs with SiGe photosensitive areas monolithically integrated with Si CMOS ROIC, thus eliminating the hybrid approach of conventional InGaAs FPAs. The SiGe FPAs will be packaged into fully functional imaging cameras using Agiltron's proficiency in optoelectronic module design, assembly, and manufacturing. The SiGe SWIR imaging cameras produced under this project will possess unprecedented price/performance metrics, and the low cost will enable widespread adoption by the military and commercial markets and open up new, disruptive markets.

APPLIED EM, INC. 144 Research Drive Hampton, VA 23666
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 224-2035 Dr. C. J. Reddy ARMY 07-120 Awarded: 01/04/08
Title:	Body Wearable Diversity Antenna Systems for Increased Antenna Performance
Abstract:	Body wearable antenna systems designed for Land Warrior/Ground Soldiers are vulnerable to signal cancellations due to multipath and higher losses . Diversity and MIMO techniques integrated with these antennas can mitigate multipath and shadowing effects to increase the overall link system gain. Under this effort, we propose several methods (switching among antennas with better reception, combining antenna with complex weights, beam shaping and beam steering, and polarization diversity) to implement diversity with novel signal processing techniques, and thus reduce signal to noise ratios to increase reception reliability for the Army's tactical radio systems. Applied EM and its team members propose a comprehensive study to improve body wearable antennas . Techniques that mitigate multipath effects and interference are proposed. Concurrently, we will carry out experimental studies to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 1703 S Jefferson Street, SWSuite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 769-8400 Mr. Stephen Craven ARMY 07-120 Awarded: 11/30/07
Title:	Body Wearable Diversity Antenna Systems for Increased Antenna Performance
Abstract:	The creation of a wearable diversity antenna system for the warfighter presents a variety of challenges. The antennas must be wearable, robust, unobtrusive, light-weight, and interface with existing and future Army radios. To effectively design these antennas simulations must include the effects of human tissue on radio propagation. The antennas must tolerate and compensate for the motion and flexing of the underlying garment. Prototype creation and testing requires specialized knowledge in wearable electronics manufacturing. Luna will evaluate multiple diversity schemes for wearable antennas, validating simulations through direct measurements of a prototype laser-cut fabric antenna. The simulations will consider the entire antenna system including human tissue. In addition to traditional diversity techniques, such as spatial and polarization diversity, field diversity, a powerful technique often neglected, will be simulated.

CREARE, INC. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 David B. Kynor ARMY 07-122 Awarded: 11/29/07
Title:	Seismic Perimeter Monitoring System
Abstract:	Maintenance of a secure perimeter around military camps is a significant problem. Visual surveillance and electronic imaging currently serve as the primary surveillance modalities. However, in using these methods, it is often extremely difficult to detect insurgents making effective use of stealth and camouflage. Seismic sensors offer an attractive alternative as they have been shown to be effective at detecting pedestrians in many circumstances and can be buried to provide hidden, unattended surveillance. However, the performance of existing seismic sensor systems is often limited by ambient noise and uncertain detection of distant footsteps. The goal of this program is development of a novel seismic monitoring system that overcomes the limitations of existing systems through the use of an innovative system architecture and data processing algorithms. During Phase I, we will demonstrate the primary features of the system and conduct a high-level design of a fully field-deployable system to be developed during Phase II.

MCQ, INC. 1551 Forbes St. Fredericksburg, VA 22405
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 373-2374 Mr. Barry Jones ARMY 07-122 Awarded: 11/20/07
Title:	Enhanced Standoff Detection of Personnel Intrusions using Seismic Sensors
Abstract:	The proposed SBIR will advance the state of the art in seismic algorithms for use in unattended ground sensors (UGS) for the detection of personnel. McQ will build upon its extensive experience with seismic UGS sensors. We will use our OmniSense system as a platform for the demonstration of this advanced capability. We will start with several advanced algorithms that have already be identified and evaluated both by us and by others as a baseline. To this baseline we will add other algorithms that have not yet been evaluated. This group of detection algorithms will first be evaluated using our library of seismic data and one or more of our UGS simulator systems. Based upon the simulation results, we will then evaluate them experimentally in the field on our OmniSense UGS systems. We will also add features that will reject seismic sources that are identified by the user as nuisances or sources that are of no interest to the user through signal processing that identifies these sources their seismic signal characteristics. We will further use 3 axis geophones and a small geophone array to demonstrate the ability to reject signals from a user designated direction or area.

ANDREWS SPACE, INC. 505 5th Ave SSuite 300 Seattle, WA 98104
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(206) 438-0615 Mr. John Savage ARMY 07-123 Awarded: 11/30/07
Title:	Novel Representations of Elevation Data
Abstract:	Andrews space proposes two pronged approach to reduce the size of elevation data files that need to be stored and transmitted. The first approach is a better compression algorithm that works well on discontinuous data although is less effective on smooth data. This is the opposite of traditional compression methods, which are not effective at compressing discontinuous data such as the elevation in urban terrain. This should provide high fidelity urban elevation data with a minimum file size. The second approach is an innovative way to transmit the data that will reduce by many orders of magnitude the amount of data that needs to be transmitted to and stored by a soldier or vehicle in the field. By synergy of currently available off-the-shelf components we can create an innovative system that allows transmission of the required data sets at download speeds that are well within current capabilities.

NUMERICA CORP. 4850 Hahns Peak DriveSuite 200 Loveland, CO 80538
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(970) 461-2000 Dr. Randy Paffenroth ARMY 07-123 Awarded: 11/30/07
Title:	Novel Representations of Elevation Data
Abstract:	With ever-increasing detail in terrain elevation data available to the Warfighter, new challenges are faced in the Battlespace for storage, transmission, and rapid display of these data. The key benefit of these more detailed data is better representation of terrain: thus, traditional approaches to compress or stream the information are generally not acceptable as these techniques typically reduce data fidelity. Accurate representations of elevation data are required for Mission Planning, Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield, and Dismount Maneuvers. All of these applications are facilitated by highly compressed, high fidelity Digital Elevation Models (DEM). Accordingly, advanced algorithms are required to compress Geographic Information System (GIS) data allowing DEM data to be transmitted, stored, manipulated, and displayed by the Warfighter to facilitate real-time Battlespace assessment. Currently available compression technologies can be quite effective at reducing image data files sizes. Such methods often do not correctly represent outliers in the data, but outliers are perhaps the most important part of a DEM data set. The precise location and elevation of local maxima are critical information for pilots and artillery units. The proposed work centers on compression schemes that accurately encode outlier information while maintaining small file sizes and efficient decompression.

CAZOODLE, INC. 60 Hazelwood Drive Champaign, IL 61820
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(217) 265-0299 Dr. Zhen Zhang ARMY 07-124 Awarded: 11/16/07
Title:	Web-Scale Search-based Data Extraction and Integration: Geospatial Database Generation Agents
Abstract:	This proposal develops a novel Web indexing and search system for discovering geo-spatial data. It continuously crawls, extracts entities through pattern-instance searching and ranking process to update the geo-spatial database.

LINGUASTAT 784 Edgemar Ave Pacifica, CA 94044
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 324-8898 Mr. Mark Butler ARMY 07-124 Awarded: 11/29/07
Title:	Geospatial Database Generation Agents
Abstract:	We propose to develop technology for geospatial database generation (GDBGEN) by combining six key components: 1) Use of intelligent crawling to identify and efficiently process documents on the World Wide Web relevant to a specific location or geographic feature 2) Spatio-temporal parsing using on new innovations to recognize and resolve location names and time expressions and an automated recognition engine built using conditional random fields 3) Text parsing using natural language processing to parse texts into appropriate lexical, syntactic, and semantic units to identify a wide range of descriptive features that may be expressed in tables or natural language sentences 4) A coordination component to seamlessly relate locations, times, and descriptive features to each other both within and across document boundaries into a collection of semantic "geospatial knowledge structures" 5) A reasoning component which provides a robust broad coverage framework for assigning confidence scores and selecting the best factoids from a set of potentially conflicting candidates 6) A data management layer which facilitates user interaction on multiple levels of granularity and enables discovery, visualization, and export of data using open standards.

DIGITAL FUSION 5030 Bradford DriveBuilding 1, Suite 210 Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 327-8117 Dr. Michael W. Jones ARMY 07-125 Awarded: 11/30/07
Title:	Passive Imaging Millimeter Wave Polarimeter System
Abstract:	There is currently growing interest in combining passive MMW imaging and polarimetry for various applications such as target discrimination, precipitation monitoring and improved terrain mapping. As passive systems require less power, volume, and weight than their active counterparts, they can be readily adapted to a wider range of airborne platforms. Digital Fusion Solutions, Inc., (DFS) and Trex Enterprises (Trex) propose to develop a full Stokes, passive MMW imaging polarimeter that is capable of being deployed from an airborne platform. The system is currently envisioned as a two-channel, push broom full-Stokes imaging polarimeter based on frequency scanned MMW line scanners fabricated by Trex. The two receivers will use a common collector in order to obtain common instantaneous fields-of-view (IFOVs). A preliminary system design for a deployable system will be completed during Phase I. Initial design and fabrication of a laboratory-based testbed will begin under the Phase I option. A prototype system will be fabricated and demonstrated during Phase II.

INFORMATION MACHINES INTERNATIONAL 2200 Regency Drive Irving, TX 75062
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(214) 725-6805 Dr. Dayton Eden ARMY 07-125 Awarded: 11/29/07
Title:	Passive Imaging Millimeter Wave Polarimeter System
Abstract:	Being able to use polarization effects while gathering imagery can mean the difference between discerning important objects and features in a scene or not. The objective of this program is to build a high utility real-time imaging system that can take passive, millimeter wave images in all four Stokes parameters, separately and simultaneously. A compact, lightweight and battery operated, millimeter wave imaging system is being developed independently. The key to this system is a staring sensor array of antenna coupled microbolometers fabricated as an integral unit. Different antenna array layouts may be used without having to change the rest of the structure. For this program, the antenna layout will represent independent Stokes vectors whose output will be digitally processed after detection. Two millimeter wave frequency bands will be considered: 75-125 GHz, and 210-350 GHz. A special, anamorphic image stabilization and object tracking software will be used to enhance the system sensitivity. Gains of a factor of ten over the basic bolometers are possible without compromising frame rate. The imaging system that houses the array is dual mode, capable of taking registered images in the infrared or visible as well as millimeter wave.

SPECIAL PROJECTS TEAM, LLC 7 HILLCREST DRIVE SOUTH DEERFIELD, MA 01373
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(413) 545-2136 Dr. Calvin Swift ARMY 07-125 Awarded: 11/30/07
Title:	Passive Imaging Millimeter Wave Polarimeter System
Abstract:	The major objective of this Phase I proposal is to design a millimeter wave radiometer system that can be mounted on an airborne platform, including a UAV. This system will exhibit several advanced features. First, it will accommodate a mechanical scan unit that will develop sufficient spin to synchronize antenna rotation rate with the forward motion of the aircraft in order to image in a push broom fashion. Second, the millimeter wave receivers will be designed to measure all four Stokes parameters, with particular attention to be focused on the implementation of satisfactory calibration procedures. Finally, the process will strive to design a system that will achieve the best possible image spatial resolution without overburdening the UAV resources of size, weight, and power.

TOYON RESEARCH CORP. 6800 Cortona Drive Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Mr. Patrick A. Toole ARMY 07-126 Awarded: 11/30/07
Title:	Optimal Intervisibility Site Selection
Abstract:	Optimal placement of multiple sensors is an important part of the contemporary battlefield, however the computational challenge increases exponentially with the number of sensors considered in the problem. Global search techniques such as Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithms have been employed with success against such problems. Toyon proposes to develop and compare two optimization methods, Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithm to provide a timely near-optimal multiple sensor placement solution. By leveraging the Geospatial Analysis and Planning Support (GAPS) Toolbox, Toyon begins from an operationally deployed GIS application with an optimization module already developed. This proposal presents case study results for the existing Simulated Annealing approach and three techniques that show promise in minimizing the time to achieve a solution. Our Genetic Algorithm approach utilizes efficient storage and processing techniques that show promise with initial testing. Phase I deliverables will include a demonstration of the visibility optimizers against 1200 x 1200 cell urban and rural terrains, comparison results, and a standalone executable. Phase II will advance the optimization method and develop the capability as a web service application capable of interfacing with the Commercial Joint Mapping Toolkit environment.

IMPACT COMPUTING CORP. 606 Burnt Mills Avenue Silver Spring, MD 20901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 593-2350 Mr. Hyam Singer ARMY 07-127 Awarded: 11/30/07
Title:	Spatio-Temporal Dynamics (STD) Data Model
Abstract:	The proposed innovative research represents geographic dynamics in spatio-temporal data models, positing that spatio-temporal data are samples of geographic dynamics and that understanding the drivers and outcomes of these dynamics is the ultimate goal of a spatio-temporal GIS. Our proposed expressive data model and enabling algorithms make it possible to query, analyze, understand, and predict with increasing accuracy how activities, events and processes manifest across space and time, so as to extract meaningful information and synthesize actionable intelligence. Impact Computing proposes development of an open source implementation of the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics (STD) data model, based on the pioneering work and research of Dr. May Yuan of the University of Oklahoma. Through its component-based architecture, our STD module may serve as an extension to existing GIS databases and tools, thereby facilitating integration with existing DoD systems and frameworks. Key innovations of the STD data model and research include: 1. a comprehensive ontology for activities, events, processes and states that emphasizes change, history, movement, and mutation; 2. the conceptual abstraction of activities, events and processes, distinct from entities or objects; 3. innovative application of dynamic time warping and other spatio-temporal analytical techniques to support similarity, behavior, and relationship queries

INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION, INC. 15400 Calhoun DriveSuite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5223 Dr. Margaret Lyell ARMY 07-127 Awarded: 11/14/07
Title:	Spatio-temporal Data Modeling using Formal Ontology Technology
Abstract:	Developments in net centric applications, location aware computing and sensor network deployment have resulted in awareness that data modeling which can support applications having entities and events with spatio-temporal aspects that are subject to change must be further developed. Diverse, though scattered or narrowly focused, recent research efforts have noted the importance of going beyond the traditional Entity-Relationship model and incorporating semantics into the modeling. The significance of the opportunity is that if an appropriate data model that incorporates the spatio-temporal aspects of entities and associated events is developed: (1) computer aided software engineering (CASE) tools can incorporate the primitives for the enhanced data modeling, (2) appropriate query language extensions may be developed and (3) guidance may be given to application designers. We propose to develop a data model that incorporates spatial and temporal aspects into entity and associated event data through the innovative use of formal logic-based ontology technology. In developing the spatio-temporal data model, our effort will be informed by existing standards / specifications from the Open Geospatial Consortium.

TEXAS RESEARCH INSTITUTE AUSTIN, INC. 9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 263-2101 Mr. Rock Rushing ARMY 07-128 Awarded: 11/30/07
Title:	Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes into Materials with High Compressive Strengths
Abstract:	High-strength concrete is vital in most fixed protective structures and ceramics are likewise critical for the containment of blast fragments and bullet penetrators. Concrete and ceramics exhibit mechanically brittle behavior due to their microstructure. The utilization of carbon nanotubes as reinforcements for concrete and ceramic materials has been limited, in part, because of their inherent hydrophobic character. Typical approaches to increase the hydrophilic nature of carbon nanotubes include functionalization through oxidation and/or reaction with reactive species. Many of these techniques for CNT‹¨«s can result in degradation of sidewall integrity and reductions in mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of the nanotubes. TRI-Austin has identified an approach that will address both the issues of matrix compatibility and improved adhesion of carbon nanotubes in inorganic matrix materials such as concrete and ceramics. This approach is based on the mechanisms of adhesion resulting from helical wrapping and covalent attachment of carbon nanotubes with inorganic macromolecules. TRI-Austin will be teaming with a leading producer of carbon nanotubes that has multiple pilot plants and commercial demonstration units for the production of nanotubes. CNT‹¨«s have the potential to increase the mechanical properties, including fracture toughness, of inorganic composites by inducing fiber pull-out and bridging, interfacial debonding, crack deflection and pinning effects during fracture . These improvements will potentially affect the ability to design lighter weight structural concretes and ballistic armors.

LEAMGROUP, INC. 60 Hazelwood Drive Champaign, IL 61820
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(217) 841-5935 Mr. Jeff Terstriep ARMY 07-129 Awarded: 10/18/07
Title:	Next Generation Urban Encroachment Model
Abstract:	A key concern for military installations is the increasing urban growth in their vicinity and its effect on mission requirements and regional sustainability goals. Mission requirements can be compromised by encroaching land uses as neighboring communities grow and prosper as the economies in the surrounding communities grow, the benefits of retaining military lands can be obscured. This research will look at how to best simulate future growth of transportation networks based on land use and traffic demands. Using LEAM, a spatial dynamic modeling tool used to simulate future land use change and associated impacts, it is possible to generate the potential future land use demand. This project will explore the feasibility of developing a new urban encroachment model that couples LEAM with a transportation network growth model to identify potential threats of urban encroachment around installations. Research included in this proposal will include review of current transportation network growth models and development of a prototype model that will interact with the LEAM land use model. This new urban encroachment model would provide a means of preemptively identifying future encroachment that would negatively impact the Army's training and testing missions.

EPIR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 590 Territorial Drive, Suite B Bolingbrook, IL 60440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(630) 771-0203 Dr. Dinakar Ramadurai ARMY 07-130 Awarded: 11/06/07
Title:	Microcontainment System for Photolytically Induced Delivery of Biocide Against Biological Agents
Abstract:	Currently there is no real-time technology to reliably neutralize biological and chemical agents. Conventional technologies require several hours for decontamination of surfaces either through manual spraying or scrubbing. We propose to design, fabricate and test a user-friendly, low-logistical-load photolytically triggered microcontainment system capable of rapid neutralization of biological and chemical agents with high sensitivity and specificity for all classes of bioagents - bacterial spores, viruses, vegetative bacteria, and bacterial toxins - and many chemical agents. The sensors developed will be easily used within HVAC systems, military facilities and building infrastructures. They will be low-power, have low-logistical-loads (i.e., reagents and consumables), and will allow the quantification of the neutralizing efficiency ("kill ratio"). They will also enable automated remote response and the automated refreshing of biocide carriers. They will be implemented using planar microfabrication and microfluidic techniques without any moving parts and will be augmented with polymeric nanocapsule technology and optoelectronic techniques. They will incorporate three different techniques for neutralizing biological agents: (1) the encapsulation of biocide within lipid nanoparticles, (2) the use of multifunctional oxide particles for high efficiency decontamination, and (3) the triggered release of encapsulated biocides through embedded photolytic compounds.

LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC. 1703 S Jefferson Street, SWSuite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 552-5128 Dr. Shi-Hau Own ARMY 07-130 Awarded: 11/07/07
Title:	Encapsulated Biocidal Coatings for Decontamination of HVAC Systems
Abstract:	Current technologies used for neutralization of biological warfare agents (BWA) can be effective to clean exposed facilities, however have major obstacles. Following the anthrax mail scare in 2001, certain buildings and offices were closed for months pending cleanup. To neutralize these sites, poisonous chlorine dioxide gas was pumped through building heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems for about nine hours, followed by another four hours removing the gas from the system. It was estimated that up to $1 billion was spend on the decontamination effort. New methods need to be developed that can decontaminate immediately upon detection of agent detection to eliminate this health, time, and cost burden. Luna Innovations proposes to develop a novel encapsulated biocidal coating that will be able to deliver on-demand biocides to neutralize spores, bacteria, and viruses within seconds of detection. This technology will ensure the protection of personnel and increase the readiness of buildings and other facilities after a biological attack.

CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS, INC. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Dr. Subrata K. Das ARMY 07-131 Awarded: 11/14/07
Title:	Hierarchical Analysis, Reasoning, and Visualization of Events in Space and Time (HARVEST)
Abstract:	The Army's Distributed Common Ground Systems (DCGS-A) promises to unite hundreds of different data sources into a common operational database. What is needed is a means of analyzing many complex, overlapping data sources, particularly those with spatial and temporal elements. Here, we propose Hierarchical Analysis, Reasoning, and Visualization of Events in Space and Time (HARVEST) to carry out spatio-temporal analysis of asymmetric threats. We combine Bayesian hierarchical models with a new class of spatio-temporal covariance functions that allow us to detect hidden spatio-temporal interaction patterns and model asymmetric spatio-temporal processes. Hierarchical modeling gives us the tools needed to combine a large number of distinct data sources, all from different spatial and temporal scales, into a unified model for prediction. But to deal with asymmetric threats we move beyond conventional approaches in order to analyze far more complex spatio-temporal processes than can be detected by traditional statistical methods. And we move cutting-edge theoretical statistics into a modeling framework that can handle complex, messy real-world data. This modeling framework will provide military analysts with tools needed to effectively assess asymmetric threats and to automate the monitoring of incoming data by using dynamically updated models to generate alerts regarding potential threats.

DECISIVE ANALYTICS CORP. 1235 South Clark StreetSuite 400 Arlington, VA 22202
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 682-1735 Ms. Jessica Bradley ARMY 07-131 Awarded: 11/19/07
Title:	Geospatial Temporal Evidential Reasoning System (GEO-STEERS)
Abstract:	Our approach, termed the GeoSpatial Temporal Evidential Reasoning System (GEO-STEERS), is comprised of three key steps termed: Network Formulation, Network Testing, and Network Evaluation. In combination, these three steps provide the capabilities to discover relationships, patterns and connections between diverse sources of geospatial and/or temporal data, understand the enemy's actions, and improve battlespace awareness. This is accomplished by identifying important geospatial and temporal relationships, predicting significant events in the battlefield, and continuously improving the quality of our geospatially enabled predictive models through an advanced data association technique. Our solution will provide the capability to identify key geospatial entities (events, persons, locations, organizations or objects) from structured and unstructured data. We will also provide the ability to quantitatively evaluate many combinations of horizontal and vertical relationships between suspect and non-suspect entities. The tool will also include a hypothesis management capability that can handle large, computationally complex relationships and interaction, and a continuous searching capability that dynamically evaluates new possible relationships between events as new data is observed. Finally, the Phase II GEO-STEERS salutation will be completely integrated with ESRI's ArcGIS for visualization of the relationship information and predictive models accessible from the leading commercial GIS software package.

IMPACT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 200 Canal View Blvd Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-1990 Mr. G. Scott Valentine ARMY 07-132 Awarded: 11/29/07
Title:	Automated 3-D Terrain Mission Profile Generation for CBM & Durability Analysis
Abstract:	Impact Technologies, LLC, in collaboration with the Digital Imaging and Remote Sensing Laboratory of the Rochester Institute of Technology, proposes to develop and demonstrate a micro-surface terrain inferencing algorithm capability. This capability will ultimately be used within mission planning tools (Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) software) to generate 3-D terrain mission profiles with adequate level of detail to conduct meaningful vehicle durability analysis. The micro-surface terrain inferencing algorithm capability will hinge on the identification and/or development of a cost effective micro-surface terrain elevation profile collection technology that provides the required level of detail. The required level of detail will be determined through a sensitivity study of the durability analysis as a function of terrain detail. Micro-surface terrain elevation profile collected using this technology will then be used for feature extraction and terrain classification which will, in turn, enable the development of a ground truth database and the inferencing algorithms. The ground truth database will contain the relevant features for each terrain type to alleviate the need for using the collected data and minimizing storage requirements. The statistical accuracy of the inferencing algorithms will be verified and validated through comparison with collected data initially and then through comparison with information from historical vehicle test programs.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Information Technologies Division20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Sergey Sandomirsky ARMY 07-132 Awarded: 11/15/07
Title:	Automatic Microsurface Terrain Acquisition and Modeling
Abstract:	To address the Army need for innovative and cost-efficient tools for collecting microsurface terrain profiles and inferring three-dimensional microsurface terrain models for different terrain types, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Automatic Microsurface Terrain Acquisition and Modeling (AMSTAM) system. This proposed system is based on two innovations: 1) noninvasive differential laser triangulation sensors measuring microsurface terrain profiles along with soil strength, and 2) software providing an ArcGIS-compatible two dimensional spectral representation of microsurface terrain models for major terrain types. The innovation in profilometry will enable the AMSTAM system to quickly and efficiently collect microsurface terrain elevation data and create an ArcGIS-compatible database. The second innovation will create terrain roughness models for major terrain types, which is needed for BTRA mission planning and vehicle durability analysis. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the AMSTAM prototype by field testing and data collection. In Phase II POC plans to complete software development for terrain modeling in the BTRA-CJMTK environment and will conduct required field observation to characterize major terrain types.

AGILTRON CORP. 15 Cabot Road Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Dr. Vincent Lee ARMY 07-135 Awarded: 11/15/07
Title:	Compact and Highly Sensitive MEMS Enhanced Fiber Gas Spectrometer
Abstract:	Leveraging on our extensive production experience on MEMS technology and fiber optic components, AGILTRON proposes to realize a new class of gas spectrometer with built-in MEMS enhanced mid-IR tunable laser and gas filled hollow fiber as gas cell, targeted for TIC and CWA detection. Our proposed MEMS enhanced QCL based external cavity tuning laser has high output power (tens of mW) and very large wavelength tunable range (about 2 æm), which can dramatically increase the sensitivity and selectivity. Besides, a long hollow fiber coiled in small diameter can further increase sensitivity due to its long optical absorption path. Therefore, this kind of spectrometer not only has very high sensitivity but also is very lightweight, miniature in size, highly reliable and durable. The design intrinsically eliminates the requirement for optical alignment, providing excellent temperature stability and longevity. Furthermore, our designs offer advantageous attributes of quick action, lower power consumption, low cost, and withstand severe environmental conditions. In this Phase I program, state-of-the-art MEMS enhanced EC-QCL will be designed; the sensitivity increase of long hollow fiber gas cell will be further developed and demonstrated. In addition, the proposed gas spectrometer theoretical receiver operational characteristics (ROC) will be analyzed and simulated.

BLOCK MEMS LLC 64 Cedar Hill Street Marlborough, MA 01752
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 480-9643 Mr. E. Robert Schildkraut ARMY 07-135 Awarded: 11/15/07
Title:	MEMS Enhanced Laser Spectrometer for Ultra-sensitive Toxic Chemical Detection
Abstract:	Block MEMS, LLC proposes the development of an ultra high sensitivity MEMS enhanced, tunable diode laser spectrometer. With the aid of micro-electromechanical (MEMS) components, this spectrometer should achieve a size of <1800 cm3 while exhibiting sensitivities greatly exceeding the current JCAD specification, but with very low false alarm rate. It should exhibit extremely favorable Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves compared to current IMS or SAW point detection devices. While primarily for chemical detection, the unit should also be capable of biological cueing/detection consistent with current spectral data. The unit could also be adapted to serve as a moderate range (from 10 to 50 meters) standoff detector at somewhat larger size, weight, and power The approach combines several variable frequency Quantum Cascade Lasers operating in the 2-14 æm infrared (IR) "fingerprint" region. The unit can also measure some Mie scatter parameters which would help detection of biological aerosols. The Block approach further seeks to optimize the cost/benefit parameter by first analyzing the optimal spectral discrimination regions which differentiate among toxic species and between toxic species and military or other interferents. Through more efficient use of the spectral discrimination information, we expect further increase in the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR).

TRANSLUME 655 Phoenix Drive Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 528-6330 Dr. Philippe Bado ARMY 07-135 Awarded: 12/10/07
Title:	Field-deployable, small, ultra-sensitive, battery-powered laser spectrometer for toxic chemical detection
Abstract:	Using our proprietary and proven technique for machining fused silica, we propose to manufacture robust and stable hybrid fiber-waveguide tunable lasers. These hybrid lasers will be integrated into field-deployable, high-sensitivity, miniature, infrared laser spectrometers capable of performing real-time measurements of a wide range of chemical toxics. Broad IR coverage will be obtained through non-linear mixing of two or more hybrid sources. Unlike present commercial system, the tunable IR laser source will be fully waveguided. This design approach will provide exceptional robustness. Wavelength tuning, bandwidth control, synchronization, and wavelength monitoring functionalities will be implemented using waveguided elements and MEMS elements imbedded deep inside fused silica substrates. These energy efficient spectrometers will run on standard batteries without outside power sources.

INTELLIGENT OPTICAL SYSTEMS, INC. 2520 W. 237th Street Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(424) 263-6329 Dr. Steven Cordero ARMY 07-136 Awarded: 11/07/07
Title:	A Field Rugged Multi-Agent Colorimetric Sensor Array
Abstract:	Intelligent Optical Systems (IOS) proposes to develop a field-rugged, colorimetric indicating armband that is capable of detecting multiple TICs and CWAs, at low concentrations, in adverse environments. The proposed sensor array will detect threatening chemical agents and provide a visual readout within minutes of coming in contact with the agent or agents. Rapid detection is essential so that warfighters and other military personnel can recognize a threat and don protective gear. The innovative process that will allow the sensor array to overcome the drawbacks of current colorimetric technologies is that the colorimetric indicators will be immobilized in cross-linked polymers. As a starting point for this project, IOS will use its proprietary repertoire of CWA-sensitive colorimetric polymers that were developed for a fiber optic-based chemical warfare agent sensing system currently in "beta test" deployment. Our novel polymers have many advantages as a support medium, including a low glass transition temperature (broad operating range), no swelling by water (immersible in water without impact on performance), excellent permeation of target agents (fast detection), flexible and rugged containment of indicators (robustness and longevity), and ease of manufacturing (amenable to miniaturization).

K&M ENVIRONMENTAL, INC. 2557 Production Road Virginia Beach, VA 23454
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 431-2260 Dr. Edward Locke ARMY 07-136 Awarded: 11/07/07
Title:	Technology for Detection of Chemicals in Extreme Environmental Conditions
Abstract:	With increasing threats to war-fighters and first responders, each individual serving in these roles needs the capability to respond to a wide range of unpredictable conditions. One of these conditions is the presence of toxic chemicals. The technologies for the detection of toxic chemicals can be broken into two general groups: 1. simple-to-use colorimetric paper (such as pH paper or M8 paper), and 2. complex electronic devices (such as the JCAD - the Joint Chemical Agent Detector). Colorimetric paper is simple enough for use by every war-fighter or first responder, but it is not rugged enough for regular field use and responds poorly to relevant agent vapor concentrations. Some electronic devices are designed for field use, but their complex operation, high power demand, high cost and bulkiness make them impractical for use by a large number of war-fighters or first responders. Clearly the need exists for a device to bridge the gap between these two technologies. In this work, new colorimetric sensor chemistries will be developed and validated for performance under harsh environmental conditions and after immersion in salt or freshwater. Sensitivity targets consist of colorimetric response to PEL in 15 minutes or less and one-half IDLH responses in 5 minutes or less.

DIGIRAY CORP. 317 Hartford Rd. Danville, CA 94526
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(925) 838-1510 Dr. Richard D. Albert ARMY 07-139 Awarded: 10/29/07
Title:	Portable Digital Field Panoramic x-ray
Abstract:	This proposal is to develop a panoramic, field portable, motionless, laminographic x-ray machine for medical analysis of soldiers with head injuries resulting from military battle. The scanning x-ray source is located near the head of the soldier and the divergent x-ray beam passing through the head is detected by an array of 64 detectors at some distance from it. All detectors acquire data simultaneously at different angles. Data are digitized and then stored and processed in a laptop computer. The final processed x-ray data are presented layer-by-layer at the display of the laptop. All 1000 layers (slices) are acquired in less than a minute and processed in less than 2 minutes. The image slices thus obtained have a spatial resolution of greater than 7 line pairs per mm, resolution in the third dimension less than 8 mils, and contrast sensitivity less than 2 parts per 1000. High contrast is largely due to reduced scatter as a result of the reverse geometry. The x-ray source, c-arm and detector array are designed so that each can be carried by a single person, and their assembly is made fast and simple.

STELLAR MICRO DEVICES 2020 Centimeter Circle Austin, TX 78758
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 997-7782 Dr. Leonid D. Karpov ARMY 07-139 Awarded: 10/17/07
Title:	Portable Digital Panoramic X-ray Imaging System
Abstract:	A portable digital panoramic X-ray imaging system will be developed using strips of electronically addressable X-ray sources arranged in a canister-like system with strips of digital X-ray detectors. The system will be able to provide both panoramic X-ray and digital tomographic images with no moving parts. The system will run off of HUMVEE and other standard power sources and have a total weight of under 45 lbs. It will be field rugged and have self-shielding features to protect medical personnel from radiation exposure even in close quarters.

INFOSCITEX CORP. 303 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 890-1338 Mr. Jeremiah Slade ARMY 07-140 Awarded: 11/01/07
Title:	Electrotextile Based Intelligent Hand Warmer
Abstract:	During cold weather operations tasks requiring manual dexterity can become significantly more difficult as the drop in temperature causes capillaries in the fingers to rapidly contract, decreasing skin blood flow and leading to stiff, sore fingers. Infoscitex Corporation (IST) is proposing to address this problem by developing an intelligent electrically heated fingerless glove that is specifically designed to keep the fingers both unencumbered and warm. This system will contain a network of highly flexible electrotextile resistive heating elements. The path that these elements take within the glove will be chosen to maximize the efficient transfer of heat to the blood as it travels out to the fingers. This will allow the fingers to be left uncovered. By using electrotextile materials for the bus bar and heating elements rather than conventional wires IST will significantly improve system comfort and flexibility. The heating system will be controlled by a flexible power supply that is able to maximize user comfort and minimize power usage by regulating its output based on the ambient temperature. The end result will be a lightweight system that is able to keep the wearer's fingers warm and dexterous even when working in sub-freezing conditions for extended periods of time.

PHYSICAL OPTICS CORP. Photonic Systems Division20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Dr. Lenka Stepan ARMY 07-140 Awarded: 11/01/07
Title:	Heated Arm Sleeve for Forearm, Palm, and Wrist Heating to Maintain Dexterity
Abstract:	To address the Army need for a lightweight, ruggedized, nonflammable, low-power device to maintain dexterity in resting individuals conducting cold weather operations, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Heated Arm Sleeve (HAS). This proposed device is based on a layered system consisting of heating elements, insulation, and a temperature control subsystem integrated into a fingerless sleeve to directly warm the forearms, palms, and wrists. The low-power convenient HAS will maintain fine-motor dexterity in resting individuals by heating the muscles essential to dexterity. The HAS will perform for over 4 hours on a single 12 V battery, and can be integrated into military gear via a Snapnet connector, making it an easy-to-use, ruggedized device for resting military personnel as well as those performing tasks in the field. In Phase I POC will demonstrate the feasibility of the HAS by simulation and testing on tissue phantoms with thermal properties similar to those of human tissue such as polyacrylamide. In Phase II we plan to develop a wearable prototype HAS and demonstrate its effectiveness on human volunteers.

CHROMOLOGIC LLC 2275 E. Foothill Blvd Pasadena, CA 91107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 356-9247 Dr. Naresh Menon ARMY 07-141 Awarded: 10/16/07
Title:	Human Hydration Status Monitor
Abstract:	To address the Army's need for a non-invasive, rapid, field-deployable and inexpensive hydration status monitoring technology, ChromoLogic proposes to develop a new Ocular Hydration Monitor (OCHYMO). OCHYMO is based on measuring the plasma omolality by non-invasively measuring the osmolality of the aqueous humor. The unique optical and medical expertise of ChromoLogic scientists and collaborators will result in an innovative, non-invasive approach to measure the osmolality of the aqueous humor in a miniature, compact package. The robust measurement modality of OCHYMO will result in accuracies consistent with the gold standard in measuring hydration status, namely, invasive plasma osmolality measurements. Furthermore, OCHYMO measurement will be independent of physical posture, skin temperature/moisture. In Phase I ChromoLogic will demonstrate the feasibility of the OCHYMO technology by building a hand-held prototype ideally intended for pre-mission hydration measurements by troop leaders and medics. In Phase II, ChromoLogic plans to develop multiple OCHYMO prototypes, including a miniature ambulatory unit for non-invasive, continuous hydrations status monitoring.

MEDISYN TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 6109 Blue Circle DriveSuite 1000 Minnetonka, MN 55343
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 475-8092 Mr. David Land ARMY 07-142 Awarded: 11/01/07
Title:	Development of Improved Therapeutics for Local and Systemic Inflammation
Abstract:	Inflammation has been implicated in the etiology of many pain disorders and diseases including myalgia, arthralgia, tendonitis and dental and bone irritation. In the U.S., patients spend approximately USD $3 billion each year on over-the-counter drugs. NSAIDs possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities, and are therefore widely used to treat acute and chronic inflammatory disorders. Nevertheless, these agents are limited by toxicity to the GI system and increased cardiovascular risks. Therefore, this Phase 1 effort will identify novel compounds that possess both anti-inflammatory and pain mitigation activity without adverse effects using molecular topology (MT). MT is a mathematical approach used to characterize the molecular topological signature responsible for biological activity in compounds. Once the molecular signature responsible for anti-inflammatory activity has been identified, chemical databases will be screened to identify other compounds not known to possess anti-inflammatory activity. Activity of compounds will be measured using in vitro potency assays specific for COX-1, COX-2 and 5-LOX inhibition. The anticipated results from this Phase 1 effort are novel compounds in new chemical classes with favorable anti-inflammatory activity as demonstrated by an IC50 of COX-2 and 5-LOX of between 1 micromolar and 10 micromolar.

PLX PHARMA, INC. 8285 EL RIO, SUITE 130 HOUSTON, TX 77054
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(713) 842-1249 Dr. Upendra Marathi ARMY 07-142 Awarded: 11/01/07
Title:	PC-NSAIDs: Gastrointestinal-safe and potent anti-inflammatory drugs
Abstract:	Contrasting in vitro and in vivo systems will be used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory/analgesic activity and side-effects of a family of phosphatidylcholine (PC) - associated NSAIDs. Previous studies indicate that PC-NSAIDs have equivalent and/or enhanced therapeutic activity while GI ulceration/bleeding is remarkably reduced. Dr. Susan Carlton's lab will measure the effect of our test NSAIDs (PC-NSAID vs unmodified NSAIDs) on calcium signaling of rodent dorsal root ganglia cells in response inflammatory mediators. Her lab also will electrophysiologically measure the effect of test NSAIDs on nociceptive C-fiber activity of a rodent skin-nerve preparation. Dr. Catherine Ambrose will investigate the effect of the test NSAIDs on growth/apoptosis of human osteoblasts in culture. During the Option period, Dr. Lenard Lichtenberger's lab will utilize a rodent model of adjuvant-induced joint inflammation that provides information on the anti-inflammatory/analgesic activity of the test NSAIDs and their ability to induce GI ulceration/bleeding. The synovial fluid eicosanoids will be measured by HPLC/MS. Dr. Carlton also will evaluate the anti-inflammatory/analgesic activity of PC-NSAIDs using a rodent hindlimb incision model. In Phase II we plan to expand our in vivo evaluation of PC-NSAIDs using an array of rodent model systems available in the labs of the Co-Investigators.

VCRSOFT LLP 2310 Bamboo Drive STE J303 Arlington, TX 76006
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(817) 652-3190 Dr. VC Ramesh ARMY 07-143 Awarded: 10/11/07
Title:	HL7 V3 Interface Engine
Abstract:	The FHIE/BHIE initiative links DoD AHLTA with VHA Vista. The existing architecture is based on HL7 V2.x. We propose a method for migrating this architecture to the HL7 V3 RIM and the HL7 V3 CDA (rel 2). The proposed approach retains the core components of the FHIE architecture while replacing only the messaging adapters that are needed to enable this migration. In addition, we propose to explore both COTS tools such as Oracle HTB and open-source tools such as Mayo LexGrid for creation of such adapters. Finally, we propose to study other initiatives such as the Spartanburg center for potential synergies.

EIGENT TECHNOLOGIES 10 Cindy Lane Holmdel, NJ 07733
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 673-0402 Mr. Robert Warner ARMY 07-144 Awarded: 10/11/07
Title:	Automated Identification Technology System (AIT) to Identify, Track and Monitor the Condition of Medical Supply Items from Point of Origin to End User
Abstract:	At the present time there is no system to monitor the progress of medical shipments to and within the combat theater other than those pallets that are tagged with Radio Fr