NAVY - 233 Phase I Selections from the 11.1 Solicitation

---------- NAVY ----------

233 Phase I Selections from the 11.1 Solicitation

(In Topic Number Order)

AEgis Technologies Group, Inc. 410 Jan Davis Drive Huntsville, AL 35806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 922-0802 Milan Buncick N111-001 Awarded:9/26/2011
Title:	Active Laser Protection System
Abstract:	Rugged and compact laser systems operating in the visible and infrared spectrum with output powers sufficient to damage the eye are becoming increasingly more accessible. In addition, ultra-short (femtosecond) laser systems with peak powers in the terawatts are now commercially available. Laser eye protection (LEP) for a wide range of laser wavelengths and pulse duration is important. Passive devices in which protection is activated by the incoming radiation is considered one of the best approaches to counter frequency agile and short pulse laser threats. There is considerable interest in the application of the nonlinear optical properties of materials for optical limiting. An ideal optical limiter will have high transmittance for low energy laser light and block energies above a threshold to clamp the output at some constant energy value. An ideal optical limiter will have a rapid, broadband response (picoseconds and e.g. the visible spectrum), and a large dynamic range. We propose to build optical limiters from metal-dielectric thin-film stacks using the nonlinear properties of metals and/or semiconductors. These stacks are usually very thin (microns) and built using standard thin-film equipment on common substrates. They can be integrated into optical systems with very little modification of the system optics.

Boston Applied Technologies, Inc. 6F Gill Street Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-2800 Jingwen Zhang N111-001 Awarded:9/17/2011
Title:	Laser protection system with thermally fixed hidden gratings
Abstract:	This project aims at developing a non focal plane laser protection system consisted of single crystal plates with hidden phase gratings, which can be revealed with exposure to strong laser pulse, and a novel optical shutter based device that follows. The protection system is large in aperture, broad in transparent window (400 nm to 2000 nm) and in field of view, and wavelength-insensitive. The protection system is capable of changing from a high transmission state (60%) to a very low transmission state (35 ¨C 40 dB) to block light pulse within short time scale (subnanosecond). Combining phase gratings and charge compensation technique, the unique protection system has ample transmission of ambient visible light and of high optical quality in off-state, without notably degrading normal (human) vision. In the entire interesting visible waveband in this topic, even higher transmittance is anticipated with efforts on deposition of AR coatings. When harmful radiation is no longer incident, the device can recover to a high transmission state in a short time scale (microseconds) so that the user¡¯s vision is not interrupted or significantly degraded after exposure. The BATi¡¯s expertise in ultrafast optics, photorefraction and material fabricating and processing will meet or exceed the requirements in performance of the proposed work.

Nano Terra, Inc 50 Soldiers Field Place Brighton, MA 02135
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 621-8500 Joseph McLellan N111-001 Awarded:9/21/2011
Title:	Optical Limiting System Based on Shape-Controlled Plasmonic Nanoparticles
Abstract:	The proliferation of threat lasers from multiple wavelengths present a significant danger to ground vehicle crew members looking through direct view optics (vision blocks/unity periscopes). Current technologies utilize narrow band filters to block threats at specific wavelengths of common lasers. What is needed is a single frequency-agile laser eye protection system that is effective throughout the visible spectrum. We will develop an optical limiting filter, based on shape-controlled plasmonic nanoparticles that will provide instantaneous response to laser threats to address the fast pulses from sources such as Q- switched lasers at wavelengths across the visible spectrum (400-700 nm). We will use shape controlled synthesis to tune the non-linear optical limiting threshold to levels where they will be activated at intensities that would normally require the limiter solution to be at the focal point.

Physical Optics Corporation Photonic Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Fang Zhang N111-001 Awarded:9/14/2011
Title:	Hybrid Universal Laser Eye Protection System
Abstract:	To address the Navy’s need for frequency-agile laser eye protection technology, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Hybrid Universal Laser Eye Protection (HULEP) system based on multilayer stacks of nanostructure semiconductor thin film (NSTF) and cholesteric liquid crystal (CHLC). In the HULEP design, the NSTF specifically provides broadband passive limiting with optical density (OD) 6 for a Q-switched laser with switching and recovery time 52% transmittance. In Phase I, POC plans to assess HULEP technology by developing a laser eye protection concept design and fabricating a proof-of- concept prototype to demonstrate feasibility and verify performance. In Phase II, POC plans to develop and demonstrate fully functional engineering prototypes that will meet Navy needs to effectively protect crew members from dazzling effects and permanent eye damage that results from frequency-agile threat laser incidents.

SAFE, Inc. 5032 S. Ash Avenue, Ste. 101 Tempe, AZ 85282
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 820-2032 Stan Desjardins N111-002 Awarded:12/5/2011
Title:	Modular Anthropomorphic Test Device (ATD)
Abstract:	Safe, Inc. proposes to develop an occupant surrogate with functions and performance tailored to the needs of the vehicle blast test community. The new ATD will use a suite of technologies already developed and the result will be far more biofidelic than the Hybrid III. The new ATD will exhibit realistic injuries such as bone fractures at the appropriate loadings. Yet this new ATD can be instrumented to measure the same gross forces and accelerations as the Hybrid-III. The Safe team proposes to design a femur-pelvis-spine assembly that will enable measurement of the force transmitted into the pelvis and then up the spine to the chest and head. The spine will be developed around individual vertebrae, each of which can be instrumented with strain gauges to collect strain data. This strain data will also be convertible to force data. By combining a pelvis and femur with this spine, the new ATD will offer a system with biofidelic articulation, posture, and injury susceptibility. The components will be modular. A frangible lower leg, rib cage-lung, and frangible head have already been developed with the proposed technology. These components are competitive in cost with Hybrid-III components and assure low technology risk.

Wolf Technical Services, Inc. 9855 Crosspoint Blvd, Suite 126 Indianapolis, IN 46256
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(317) 842-6075 Sami DeVries N111-002 Awarded:11/15/2011
Title:	Modular Anthropomorphic Test Device (ATD)
Abstract:	Currently, no appropriate anthropomorphic test device (ATD) for ballistic testing is available. The most commonly used ATD for research purposes is the Hybrid III, which was designed to examine human body dynamics in vehicular accidents. Although these devices are well instrumented, they are limited in the information they can provide in evaluating injuries from a ballistic incident. The cast aluminum and steel bone surrogates do not display failure upon impact, and the vinyl skin is impenetrable to flying debris. Wolf Technical Services, Inc. focuses on developing a low-cost modular ATD with frangible bones and visual indications of injuries caused by acceleration and loading. Wolf considered the top three injury mechanisms and the top four significant regions of injury to design Wolf’s ATD. Wolf introduces a cost-effective, modular ATD with the following features: a frangible skeletal system, a representation of blunt trauma, human construction, instrumentation to measure vertical acceleration, and reusable instrument packages.

Agiltron Corporation 15 Presidential Way Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Matthew Erdtmann N111-003 Awarded:7/20/2011
Title:	Silicon Nanowire Integrated Multispectral Sensor
Abstract:	Agiltron will develop the Silicon Nanowire Integrated Multispectral Sensor, a low-SWAP silicon-based sensor with unprecedented capability for day/night imaging along with extended spectral response deep into the SWIR for laser marker detection. The Silicon Nanowire Sensor contains an array of fully-CMOS compatible silicon nanowire phototransistors whose unique nanoscale architecture creates colossal internal gain at biases on the order of one volt, a level of performance that is unprecedented in a solid state imager. When monolithically integrated with CMOS readout integrated circuitry (ROIC) at the pixel level, a silicon-based solid state imager with uncooled operation and performance equivalent to InGaAs will be realized for the first time.

Voxtel Inc. 15985 NW Schendel Avenue Suite 200 Beaverton, OR 97006
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(971) 223-5646 Adam Lee N111-003 Awarded:7/12/2011
Title:	Low-SWAP Multi-Spectral Sensor with Enhanced Functionality for Low-Light and Laser Imaging
Abstract:	A high-resolution integrated multi-spectral sensor (MSS) will be developed that incorporates day and night vision, as well as multi-spectral laser spot imaging, into a single sensor package. Using existing extended-spectral-response InGaAs detectors, the responsivity performance of the InGaAs technology will be demonstrated against the variety of designators, rangefinders, and markers. InGaAs arrays will also be shown to provide superior low-light-level (LLL) imaging capability. Using this validation, a novel focal plane array (FPA) will be designed to allow both LLL and multi-spectral laser spot imaging. In Phase I, the system will be designed and simulated. In Phase II, the FPA will be built and integrated into a small-sized package, compatible with handheld operation. The prototype will then be field-tested to verify performance.

Wavefront 7 Johnston Circle BASKING RIDGE, NJ 07920
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 558-4806 Jie Yao N111-003 Awarded:7/21/2011
Title:	Hyper-Spectral Night-Vision Camera
Abstract:	Military common laser range finders (CLRF) currently use a direct viewing binocular augmented with AN/PVS night vision eye pieces with infrared cutoff at about 900 nm, incapable of detecting either the eye-safe laser range finder beam or the laser designator beam. The CLRF needs an all-light-level day-and-night visible to Short-Wave-Infrared (SWIR) imager for simultaneously detecting the visible and infrared target/scene and tracking infrared laser energy on the target. Of particular importance is night vision capability for CLRF operation under low-light-level conditions such as overcast starlight. During Phase I, we will (a) demonstrate a 2-dimensional Photon Counting Integrated Circuit (PCIC) array with photon-counting sensitivity and with hyper-spectral response; (b) demonstrate saturation control for all-light-level day-and-night imaging in CLRFs. In Phase II, we will optimize the PCIC focal plane array (FPA) to full specifications, integrate the PCIC FPA with readout integrated circuit (ROIC), and prototype day-and-night all-weather photon-counting PCIC imagers for CLRF systems. The prototype PCIC imager will be fully tested and delivered for evaluation and demonstration at DoD laboratories. During Phase III, we will manufacture and market the PCIC imager to major defense contractors to be incorporated into military CLRF systems as well as for our commercial medical device products.

Physical Optics Corporation Photonic Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Anup Katake N111-004 Awarded:10/27/2011
Title:	Stellar Imaging in Infrared for Azimuth
Abstract:	To address the Navy’s need for a celestial azimuth sensor, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new system for Stellar Imaging in the infra-Red for AZimuth (SIRAZ). This proposed system is based on a new design that utilizes mature components developed in-house and COTS components. The innovation in novel integration of high- sensitivity photodiodes with MEMS scanning mirrors, coupled with space heritage attitude estimation methodologies, will enable the system to accurately estimate the true north referenced azimuth in diverse weather conditions at any time of the day. As a result, this system offers 870 microrad azimuth accuracy at an update rate of 1 Hz while being compact and weighing

Toyon Research Corp. 6800 Cortona Drive Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Richard Cagley N111-004 Awarded:10/27/2011
Title:	Advanced Celestial Azimuth Sensing Technology
Abstract:	Current celestial azimuth sensors suffer from two challenges meant to be addressed through the proposed work. The first is an inability to operate in degraded weather conditions. This may be due to high levels of atmospheric contamination, e.g., smog and haze, as well as generally poor weather, such as significant cloud cover. This challenge will be addressed through the use of a multi-spectral solution tuned to provide the best possible operation in inclement atmospheric conditions, both day and night. Tuning will take place through the use of multiple spectral bands that will be realized through a combination of detectors and filters. The use of polarizing filters will also be explored. The second major shortcoming of current azimuth sensors is their slow speed of acquisition and accuracy. Toyon will address this problem through the use of advanced image processing algorithms implemented in field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), augmented with soft processor(s) for control and floating point operations. Toyon will leverage many years of experience in developing miniature camera systems in order to produce a celestial azimuth sensor that minimizes size, weight, and power (SWaP).

Trex Enterprises Corporation 10455 Pacific Center Court San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 646-5479 Mikhail Belenkii N111-004 Awarded:10/27/2011
Title:	Advanced Celestial Azimuth Sensing Technology
Abstract:	A celestial compass based on solar & stellar imaging has several principal advantages as compared to a digital magnetic compass. A celestial compass is insensitive to magnetic interference and can operate in urban environments, near vehicles and power lines, while wearing body armor and a helmet. It is compact, lightweight and low power. A celestial compass provides nearly instantaneous highly accurate azimuth measurements in clear and partly cloudy skies. However, current systems cannot operate under overcast conditions and during any precipitation. An advanced celestial compass that can operate under less than ideal weather conditions, including clouds and precipitation is required. We propose to perform a detailed performance analysis of candidate sensors systems and determine appropriate spectral wavebands that will maximize the percentage of time the sensor will provide an azimuth solution. In addition, we propose to experimentally validate our theoretical predictions under various atmospheric conditions. In the Phase I program, we will carry out a performance analysis, conduct an experimental study and trade-off analysis that will select the best approach. In the Phase II program, we will design, build, and field demonstrate a prototype of the advanced celestial compass.

Agiltron Corporation 15 Presidential Way Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 770-2061 Amit Ghosh N111-005 Awarded:10/28/2011
Title:	A high sensitive MEMS micro-gyroscope
Abstract:	Leveraging on our experience in MEMS component and sensor system fabrication, Agiltron proposes to realize a new type of MEMS microgyroscope with a simple scalable mechanism and high precision. The gyroscope will be fabricated in a MEMS structure, with a novel design concept that maximizes the resonant frequency difference between the driving and sensing mode, tuning the sensing mode to near free floating state. This will result in a sensor with unparalleled performance on low noise and bias stability, and provide a unique solution for cost-effective mass production. Being a sealed MEMS device, the gyroscope will be able to withstand severe environmental conditions in hand-held laser rangefinders. In the Phase I program, the feasibility of the proposed accelerometer technology will be demonstrated through both design and sensor fabrication.

American GNC Corporation 888 Easy Street Simi Valley, CA 93065
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 582-0582 Tasso Politopoulos N111-005 Awarded:10/27/2011
Title:	Gyrocompassing Based Attitude and Azimuth Determination System Using MEMS Inertial Sensors
Abstract:	The objective of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility of a Gyrocompassing Based Attitude and Azimuth Determination System Using MEMS Inertial Sensors. This attitude and azimuth determination system can be used in a handheld laser range finder for providing targeting capability for laser-guided, GPS-guided, and conventional munitions. The key advantage of the gyrocompassing approach based attitude and azimuth determination is that it is autonomous or self-calibrated. It is not affected by magnetic fields and needs no external information, such as initial conditions or external reference. Traditionally, the gyrocompassing approach needs high accuracy gyros and accelerometers such as RLG, FOG and DTG, which are expensive and large in size. The technology advancements in recent years have transformed the inertial sensors, especially the advances of the new technology based inertial vibration sensors, such as Hemispherical Resonator Gyros (HRG), MEMS quartz gyros and MEMS quartz accelerometers. Also, advanced processing algorithms and real-time sensor error calibration methods realized by powerful computers/microprocessors can lower the accuracy requirement for gyrocompass sensors. In the Phase I project, we propose, analyze, and finally demonstrate through simulation the feasibility of several gyrocompassing system configurations that use high accuracy MEMS gyros and accelerometers for attitude and azimuth determination applications.

Milli Sensor Systems & Actuators 93 Border Street West Newton, MA 02465
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 965-4872 Donato Cardarelli N111-005 Awarded:10/28/2011
Title:	Phase GyroCompass for Azimuth and Navigation Sensing Using a MEMS IMU Sensor Chip
Abstract:	A MEMS GyroCompass is proposed which utilizes two novel mechanizations for achieving drift-free sensor operation and for simultaneously detecting North and Azimuth to the target. The unit is expected to be smaller than an iPhone and easily mountable on a hand-held laser range finder. Its operation should not require handling or adjustments and should be simpler to use than the magnetic compass. We propose a plan based on experience developed at MSSA to eliminate bias from sensors and the MEMS IMU Sensor Chip, which integrates all the gyroscopes and accelerometers needed on the same chip.

Knowledge Based Systems, Inc. 1408 University Drive East College Station, TX 77840
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(979) 260-5274 Michael Painter N111-006 Awarded:4/21/2011
Title:	Real-time Assessment, Planning, and Integrated Decision Support (RAPIDS)
Abstract:	The objective of the proposed effort is to design, develop, and deploy a real-time, effects- directed, collaborative planning capability to help commanders and their planning staff to more rapidly and effectively (i) maintain situation awareness of world state conditions, constraints, and goals governing the planned use of manned and unmanned aircraft; (ii) generate candidate plans for the effective use of these asset to address known tasks and emerging threat conditions; and (iii) assess and put into motion those plans that most effectively address current and anticipated needs.

Milcord LLC 1050 Winter Street Suite 1000 Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 530-3877 Alper Caglayan N111-006 Awarded:4/21/2011
Title:	Decision Theoretic Mission Planning for Air Operations
Abstract:	We propose to demonstrate the feasibility of a decision-theoretic planning system for air operations consisting of: 1) an Asset and Payload Scheduling component to schedule assets and payload by taking into account missions at hand and assessed situation and threat using constraint programming technology; 2) a Proactive Flight Planning component to perform route planning for a mission based on multiple way points and the current situation and threat utilizing our in-house route planning algorithm successfully applied in previous projects involving course of action forecasting (Army Geospatial Center) and safe route planning (Office of Naval Research); and 3) a Dynamic Plan Adaptation component to dynamically adjust routes during a mission based on real-time situation and threat assessment using Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) that implements a reward scheme where the most reward is obtained upon a successful strike. POMDP is suitable for handling stochastic transitions and observations in line with the uncertainty of moving a weapon delivery platform from one point to the other under variable threat. We plan to build a limited scope prototype for decision-theoretic planning for ATO objectives.

Mosaic ATM, Inc. 801 Sycolin Road Suite 306 Leesburg, VA 20175
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 589-2863 Stephen Pledgie N111-006 Awarded:4/21/2011
Title:	Mixed-Initiative Architecture for Emergent Support Tasking & Resource Optimization (MAESTRO)
Abstract:	Mosaic ATM proposes to develop the Mixed-Initiative Architecture for Emergent Support Tasking and Resource Optimization (MAESTRO), which will provide an innovative real-time service for task planning and execution. MAESTRO will support information sharing, dissemination and collaborative command and control (C2) of assets for emergent tasking and ad hoc air support requests. Situational data will be used by this automatic planning tool to facilitate adaptive flight plan changes that are communicated to users in a manner that organically highlights changes and that supports execution and monitoring of the revised plan. MAESTRO will be designed to operate within a SOA environment that provides access to both command and disadvantaged, downrange operators who are engaged expeditionary warfare.

Impact Technologies, LLC 200 Canal View Blvd Rochester, NY 14623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(585) 424-1990 Liang Tang N111-007 Awarded:3/31/2011
Title:	A Miniature and Low Cost Inertial-Based Navigation System for Highly Accurate Position and Attitude Estimation without Relying on the GPS
Abstract:	Impact Technologies, in collaboration with the Rochester Institute of Technology, proposes to develop a low-cost, light-weight, low-power inertial navigation system for highly accurate vehicle position and attitude determination without relying on the GPS. The device is capable of use in many systems from unmanned autonomous vehicles such as UAV to anti-submarine sonobuoys. The proposed system implements a nonlinear filter-based three-dimensional position and attitude estimator featuring several novel algorithms for estimating and eliminating sensor drifting, bias and high vibrational effects. Particularly, an innovative algorithm is developed to identify the local gravitational position in real-time and use it to bound sensor errors. To capture the earth’s gravitational vector, a uniquely designed hardware configuration that combines a dual-arc accelerometer array with a three-axis rate- gyro has been developed and successfully demonstrated with prototyping hardware. The over-redundant accelerometer system is also utilized for position estimation so that measurements are filtered and fused to drastically reduce sensor drifting and bias effects. Preliminary software and hardware simulation studies have demonstrated promising results. While Phase I will focus on proof-of-concept feasibility demonstration, a hardware prototype will be fabricated, tested on a targeted UAV platform and delivered to the Navy in Phase II.

Milli Sensor Systems & Actuators 93 Border Street West Newton, MA 02465
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 965-4872 Donato Cardarelli N111-007 Awarded:3/31/2011
Title:	Drift-Free MEMS IMU for Precision Determination of Attitude and Position of Unmanned Vehicles and Sonobuoys
Abstract:	We propose a compact, low cost, bias stabilized MEMS inertial measurement unit (IMU) as the most critical component of a miniature, low cost, low drift, high accuracy inertial navigation system (INS). This IMU is capable of providing stable attitude and position data and supports autonomous guidance in an INS for high altitude antisubmarine warfare (ASW), UAVs, sonobuoys and pod or turret mounted sensors and will exhibit the low power and compact size necessary for these applications. This effort will leverage work already underway in three related programs at MSSA to develop autonomous navigation for air drops (Army), stabilize antennas in aerial vehicles (Air Force) and stabilize reaction wheels for small satellites (NASA Ames).

Tanenhaus and Associates 53 Old Solomons Island Rd Suite H Annapolis, MD 21401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 703-9939 Martin Tanenhaus N111-007 Awarded:3/31/2011
Title:	Low Cost, Low Drift, High Accuracy, Miniature Inertial Navigation System (INS)
Abstract:	The challenge to develop new innovative devices and methods to create a miniature, low cost, low drift, high accuracy inertial navigation system (INS). This challenge is met using arrays of COTS MEMS inertial devices to fabricate a small light weight rugged IMU/INS with GPS and a embedded dual processor architecture capable of multiple I/O connections. Bench top testing will demonstrate an ultra low drift IMU/INS GPS-independence, especially when in GPS-denied situations. An advanced heading system with a suite of advanced algorithms will be tested externally and compared with candidate Kalman Filter solutions before being integrated with the IMU/INS to demonstrate accurate azimuth and optimum position determination.

Accurate Automation Corporation 7001 Shallowford Road Chattanooga, TN 37421
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(423) 894-4646 Chadwick Cox N111-008 Awarded:5/5/2011
Title:	Common-Control, Unmanned Vehicle Trainer
Abstract:	Accurate Automation Corporation (AAC) will develop a low-cost trainer based on PC technology. The objective is to provide the U.S. Navy with the ability to readily train personnel to operate unmanned vehicle systems when high-cost training systems and actual control systems are in short supply. This trainer will incorporate 1) a reconfigurable Graphical User Interface (GUI) to simulate the target control station(s), 2) existing simulation tools to provide a realistic representation of the target vehicle, 3) common control and an open networking architecture to provide flexibility and to facilitate future growth, 4) a behavioral Artificial Intelligence (AI) engine, and 5) and video-conferencing tools to provide a good, low-cost training solution.During Phase I, we will plan the development of the system and work with the customer to prioritize our focus on particular features and capabilities. This plan will lead to the development of a prototype training system that covers the Tier 1-3 fixed- wing vehicles, using commercial-grade hardware and basic graphical representations, but with appropriately realistic underlying scenarios and simulations. The result will be that an operator who has been trained with AAC’s product will require substantially less training with high-cost trainers or the targeted real control stations.

CATI Training Systems, LLC 807 Donnell Blvd. Suite F Daleville, AL 36322
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(334) 598-1319 James Williams N111-008 Awarded:5/5/2011
Title:	Common Unmanned Vehicle Control Procedures Trainer for Airborne and Sea Based Unmanned Systems and Sensors
Abstract:	The increased use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is calling out for commonality among UAV GCSs to save money in training and development costs. In response to this need, the U.S. military services are developing requirements for UAV ground control stations that are platform independent to reduce costs and enhance operator flexibility. In essence to: create an innovative, common UAV training system that adequately emulates the major components of all UAV systems operated by the Navy and naval elements of special teams.

RPA Electronic Solutions Inc. 1285 Chenango Street Binghamton, NY 13901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(607) 771-0393 Barry Williams N111-008 Awarded:5/4/2011
Title:	Common Unmanned Vehicle Control Procedures Trainer for Airborne and Sea Based Unmanned Systems and Sensors
Abstract:	The US Navy currently has many different unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) deployed, but no dedicated training systems to support them. Current training techniques tie up valuable resources of the deployed systems. A dedicated simulation system for each of the current and planned future UAVs would provide a valuable resource providing the required operator training offline, freeing up the actual device. Creating a unique training and simulation system for each UAV would require multiple contracts, each duplicating many efforts common across all platforms. An approach that can be readily adapted to all platforms, allowing common elements to be incorporated and different functions easily exchanged is highly desirable. An approach that treats the various features and functions across the various platforms as available services to the simulator, providing a means to readily connect such differing functions to one another via user defined configurations allows for a high amount of reuse across the required training devices. An adapted Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is proposed herein that would provide this and more, including advanced training task definition for specific straining scenario generation.

EMAG Technologies, Inc. 775 Technology Dr. Suite 300 Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 996-3624 Kazem Sabet N111-009 Awarded:3/23/2011
Title:	Performance Assessment and Optimization of Installed Antenna and Radome
Abstract:	In this SBIR project, EMAG Technologies proposes to develop a comprehensive visual software environment for performance assessment and optimization of installed antenna and radome. The software will feature a full 3-D CAD modeler for platform setup and antenna- radome design. Fast full-wave solvers featuring state-of-the-art acceleration techniques will be used for the solution of the forward CEM problem. Optimization will be performed using genetic algorithms utilizing a novel response surface representation that is computationally very efficient without compromising modeling accuracy.

HyPerComp, Inc. 2629 Townsgate Road Suite 105 Westlake Village, CA 91361
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 371-7556 vijaya shankar N111-009 Awarded:3/23/2011
Title:	Performance Assessment and Optimization of Installed Antenna and Radome
Abstract:	The principal elements for creating an efficient, accurate, and robust suite of tools for combined radome/antenna design are currently within view. The challenge is to integrate these elements in a package that is easily applied to optimizing radar system performance when the antenna is installed on a specific platform behind a radome that must meet both structural and aerodynamic constraints. Several ongoing activities at HyPerComp can make substantial contributions to the development of the integrated design and analysis capability:1. The discontinuous Galerkin solver for Maxwell’s equations is being implemented in a new framework that runs efficiently on either CPU clusters or CPU/GPU clusters, where it is expected to scale almost optimally with problem size and the order of accuracy of the field representations. Technical improvements, such as the implementation of curved grid elements on physical boundaries, permit high accuracy in the surface fields without packing the surface with flat facets or the interior with tiny cells. Orders of magnitude speedup on a CPU/GPU cluster have already been demonstrated for a similar time-domain Maxwell solver.2. The mathematical details underlying both interpolation in multiparameter design and the implementation of reduced basis methods are being analyzed specifically for full-wave solutions of Maxwell’s equations.3. The problems of importing and repairing CAD representations of aircraft and related structures for use in a full-wave solver have been solved here in other programs, and a next-generation volume grid generator that meets all of the relevant criteria is nearing completion.

International Electronic Machines 850 River St. Troy, NY 12180
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 268-1636 Zack Mian N111-010 Awarded:4/25/2011
Title:	Stabilizer Level Accurate Measurement System (SLAMS)
Abstract:	Cartridge-Actuated Devices and Propellant-Actuated Devices (CADs and PADs) use a “double-base propellant” which consists of a binder (nitrocellulose) and a plasticizer (most often nitroglycerine). Over time the propellant can degrade, leading to premature and unintended detonation or fire when stabilizing chemicals such as diphenylamine (DPA) and its daughter products are exhausted. It is therefore of great interest to be able to safely, accurately, and reliably detect the presence and quantity of stabilizer, and stabilizing daughter products, in situ. International Electronic Machines (IEM), a leader in wireless sensor system design, will develop the Stabilizer Level Accurate Measurement System (SLAMS), a miniature, self-contained, wireless sensor unit which will be intrinsically safe, thin enough to fit into the clearance available for a propellant load, and will accurately and reliably detect and measure stabilizer concentrations; SLAMS will then transmit these measurements to an external data collector. SLAMS will leverage prior IEM unique, ultra- low power wireless sensor design work, and innovative, patented chemical sensor designs from Sandia National Laboratory. IEM will examine two parallel design concepts for SLAMS to determine which will provide the best solution to the Navy’s requirements, and demonstrate proofs-of-concept which will permit a final design decision for Phase II.

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 961-4506 John Beck N111-010 Awarded:4/25/2011
Title:	An Innovative Integrated Chemical and Environmental Sensor for Health Monitoring of Double-Base Propellants
Abstract:	Double base propellants such as those used in the Navy’s Cartridge Actuated Devices (CAD) and Propellant Actuated Devices (PAD) are succeptible to degradation via nitrate ester thermolysis. Typical formulations have stabilizing compounds that can retard this degradation however they are consumed over time, and it has been recently discovered that stabilizer depletion is dramatically increased by elevated temperatures. To prevent thermal runaway, cook-off and spontaneous combustion events it is necessary to have an effective method for measuring, recording and reporting the stabilizer concentration levels in CADs. Luna Innovations has combined its expertise in optical physics and propellant chemistry to develop a fiber optic sensor solution capable of real-time stabilizer concentration monitoring. The proposed solution will be low cost, lightweight, compact and will have minimal effect on the operational function of the CAD’s once implemented.

Seacoast Science, Inc 2151 Las Palmas Drive Suite C Carlsbad, CA 92011
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 268-0083 William Tolley N111-010 Awarded:4/25/2011
Title:	Embedded Chemical Sensor for Health Monitoring of Double-Base Propellants
Abstract:	Currently, the Military lacks the capability to monitor solid rocket motors for potentially lethal aging or handling-induced defects. The proposed research will provide the Military with embeddable chemical sensor arrays to identify defects occurring after manufacturing of the motors. Conventional high-sensitivity instruments are too heavy, costly and cumbersome to be dedicated to monitoring an individual motor used in the field. Motors must be transported to a depot to evaluate the potential for age-induce flaws in the liners, casings or propellants. We propose to develop sensitive, low-power sensors that can be embedded into the motor and can transmit electronic signals through to a conductive flex circuit to alert personnel to defective rocket motors. Seacoast manufactures chemicapacitors and chemiresistors as light-weight chemical sensors. It is envisioned that a number of chemical sensors would be embedded between the insulation and the motor casing. Electronics printed on flexible substrate would connect the sensor arrays to external displays, allowing assessment of the health of a rocket motor over its entire lifetime. The sensor arrays and support electronics would become an integral part of the motor and result in substantial reductions in cost to assess readiness of the motor.

Creare Inc. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Anthony Dietz N111-011 Awarded:4/14/2011
Title:	Flight Hearing Protection System
Abstract:	Creare proposes a Flight Hearing Protection System based on an innovative communication earplug that is easily inserted and removed but that seals deep in the ear canal. We will also evaluate upgrades to the current flight helmet to improve the level of passive attenuation provided by the helmet. The high level of sound attenuation provided by the earplug coupled with improved helmet attenuation will result in a lightweight, low-cost, passive hearing protection system suitable for the loudest fixed and rotary wing aircraft cockpits and cabins. Our passive approach with a universal fit, reusable earplug, also results in a low system life- cycle cost. Creare has assembled a highly qualified team to complete this development effort. In Phase I, we will prepare a system design and demonstrate the performance of the earplug and of the upgraded helmet. In Phase II, we will fabricate the integrated system, and measure its performance in the laboratory and in the field.

Intelligent Automation, Inc. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-5242 Roger Xu N111-011 Awarded:4/14/2011
Title:	Intelligent Hearing Protection and Communication System with Speech Enhancement and Situational Awareness
Abstract:	In the U.S. military rotary-wing aviation setting such as heavy lift helicopters, pilots are exposed to severe cabin noise produced by the aircraft. Noise level in these helicopters exceeding safe limits assessed in accordance with limits set in DODI 6055.12 may lead to degraded speech intelligibility and has the potential for permanent hearing loss. Most of current technologies indiscriminately block or cancel ambient noises, and the situational awareness is sacrificed. In this proposal, Intelligent Automation, Inc. proposes an intelligent hearing protection and communication system with speech intelligibility and SA enhancements. The key innovation of the proposed approach is to selectively cancel the target noise from the environmental acoustic signal while maintaining situational awareness, and enhance the uplink speech signal of the pilots in order to improve speech intelligibility.

Sound Innovations Inc 35 Railroad Row Suite 202 White River Junction, VT 05001
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(802) 280-3020 Jason Solbeck N111-011 Awarded:4/14/2011
Title:	Improved Pilot/Maintainer Auditory Performance in Complex Air Vehicle Noise Spectra
Abstract:	Sound Innovations Inc will develop a next-generation hearing protection and communication headset to be worn with existing military aviator helmets, particularly the HGU-84/P helmet, that provides protection against noise-induced hearing loss and deliver clear incoming communications. Phase I research will provide baseline evaluation of hearing protection and speech intelligibility in noise and will explore the apparent trade-off between passive and active attenuation. Additionally, design concepts for integration of the system will be developed. The Phase I prototype and design concepts will lead to a fieldable prototype in Phase II.

Gatekey Engineering, Inc. PO Box 456 Canal Winchester, OH 43110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(614) 828-4072 James Dydo N111-012 Awarded:3/10/2011
Title:	Non-Contact Process to Enhance the Fatigue Life of Aluminum Cold Worked Fastener Holes
Abstract:	Aircraft wing skins contain thousands of fastener holes, which can act as crack initiation sites for structures under severe fatigue conditions. Major cracks have developed around aircraft fastener holes, which can propagate into larger cracks and possible result in catastrophic failure. Compressive residual stresses have been shown to improve fatigue performance for a variety of applications. Current methods of inducing compressive residual stresses in the fastener holes, using cold expansion, do not completely retard the formation and growth of cracks at the entry surface of the holes, since stresses there are lower than at the middle and exit. Gatekey Engineering, Inc., proposes to develop and demonstrate the feasibility of using Electromagnetic Pulse (EM/P) expansion processing to provide deep compressive residual stresses at the entry surface of the hole.

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 953-4286 Shi-Hau Own N111-012 Awarded:3/10/2011
Title:	Non-Contact Process to Enhance the Fatigue Life of Aluminum Cold Worked Fastener Holes
Abstract:	Fatigue crack on the aircraft wing skins after extended service is a significant reliability issue for structural integrity. Fatigue cracks originating from fastener hole surfaces can grow eventually leading to catastrophic failure of the structure. Inspecting the holes and repairing cracks are expensive and time consuming with significant downtime of the aircraft. Cold expansion can be applied to the fastener hole to introduce a compressive stress to extend the fatigue life of the structure, but hole cold expansion does not give even compressive stress through the fastener hole sections. Luna Innovations Incorporated proposes a fiber optics based laser peening system to treat fastener holes as small as 0.18 inch. With fiber optics probe design, double shot laser coupling and liquid phase laser energy absorbing coating, the laser peening fiber optics system will be able to deliver sufficient compressive stress to the entry section of the fastener hole at higher peening rate. The fatigue life of the structural component will thus be extended with reduced maintenance cost and risk of structural failure.

Ormond, LLC 4718 B Street NW Suite 104 Auburn, WA 98001
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(253) 852-1298 Tom Butler N111-012 Awarded:3/10/2011
Title:	Cavitation Peening of Aluminum Fastener Holes In-Situ
Abstract:	Aging aircraft experience fatigue cracking from stress concentrations around rivet holes. Current best practice is to pull an oversized mandrel through the hole to induce beneficial residual compressive stresses and this improves fatigue life significantly. However, the benefit is reduced for chamfered rivet holes, where the compressive stresses are lower. The goal of this proposal is to use cavitation peening to induce deep, high magnitude residual compressive stresses around the hole and in the chamfered area, thereby improving fatigue life. The cavitation peening process currently uses a high pressure jet to sweep over the surface of the part while it is submerged in a water tank. This project will modify the technology so the part does not have to be submerged in a water tank so large structures can be cavitation peened. The cavitation peening equipment would be mounted on a roll around cart and the peening nozzle clamped to the surface to be peened. The process will be very inexpensive and clean with no shot or risk of foreign object damage. The system would be extremely versatile and could be used for a wide variety of applications, not just rivet holes.

Capco Inc. 1328 Winters Ave. P.O. Box 1028 Grand Junction, CO 81501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(970) 243-8480 Chris Williams N111-013 Awarded:5/4/2011
Title:	Electromagnetic Absorbing Chaff
Abstract:	Aluminum-coated, glass strands have been used for RF countermeasures (RFCM) for more than 50 years. This type of RFCM system is becoming outdated and potentially ineffective. New material technologies are needed to ensure aircraft RFCM are effective in the 21st century. Through the use of metamaterial technology, it is theorized that a new generation of RFCM chaff could be developed which absorbs or phase shifts the incident electromagnetic (EM) waveforms.

Cornerstone Research Group, Inc. 2750 Indian Ripple Road Dayton, OH 45440
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 320-1877 Elizabeth Meents N111-013 Awarded:5/2/2011
Title:	Tunable Electromagnetic Chaff
Abstract:	Cornerstone Research Group Inc. (CRG) proposes to design and model tunable, metamaterial (MM) chaff using CRG’s electrically responsive material (ERM) as the tunable component of the chaff. CRG has invented a new class of ERMs that can change their electromagnetic properties when exposed to external stimuli. CRG will use ERMs to create tunable MM chaff that can be modified to change its electromagnetic response. This tunable chaff system will provide a number of benefits including: customized countermeasures, variable electromagnetic properties using a single MM design, and difficult to reverse engineer. This tunable chaff system will be designed to function with current chaff dispensing systems but will also open up a new design space for next- generation electromagnetic countermeasures and employment tactics.

SensorMetriX 10171 Pacific Mesa Blvd., Suite 305 San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 625-4458 Anthony Starr N111-013 Awarded:5/3/2011
Title:	Multifunctional Electromagnetic Metamaterial Chaff
Abstract:	It is proposed to incorporate electromagnetic metamaterial designs into a new class of EM chaff designed for operation across the 2 - 18 GHz region. Metamaterials can be tailored to produce unique EM responses, including as near perfect absorbers, for use as EM countermeasures. EM metamaterials can also be incorporated into diverse physical forms that can play important roles in their deployment.

BEEcube Inc. 39465 Paseo Padre Parkway Suite 3700 Fremont, CA 94538
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(510) 252-1136 Chen Chang N111-014 Awarded:4/28/2011
Title:	A Simulink-Based Design Tool for Mapping Guidance Algorithms into Field Programmable Gate Arrays
Abstract:	This document proposes a 6-month Phase I effort to demonstrate the feasibility of a direct- programming tool for missile guidance algorithms. This tool will be an expansion of the currently supported product called the BEEcube Platform Studio (BPS), which is itself built upon the Mathworks™ Simulink® framework and Xilinx® System Generator for DSP™. This expansion will be three-fold: first, to permit the support of multiple FPGA vendors, second, to support function kernels targeted for guidance algorithms, and third, to predict power and thermal load capacity of the system

DSPlogic, Inc. 13017 Wisteria Drive Suite 420 Germantown, MD 20874
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 977-5970 Michael Babst N111-014 Awarded:5/2/2011
Title:	High Productivity, Robust FPGA Programming Tool
Abstract:	Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) are a very attractive, and often necessary, computational resource for intensive Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications, including guidance systems. Their balance of performance, power consumption, and size make them ideally suited to SWAP-constrained sensor, communication, and guidance applications. However, the lengthy FPGA development and validation cycle, combined with limited application portability, contribute to relatively high life-cycle costs compared to modern embedded software systems.We propose the development of a high-level graphical programming environment for FPGA-based DSP applications. This model-based design environment, based upon object-oriented hardware design principles, will facilitate rapid FPGA system design by algorithm engineers across multiple platforms. Support for rapid integration and re-use of Intellectual Property (IP) cores is central to the proposed effort.

Toyon Research Corp. 6800 Cortona Drive Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Richard Cagley N111-014 Awarded:4/28/2011
Title:	Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) Direct Programming Tool
Abstract:	The proposed GUI-based direct FPGA programming tool should be able to handle complex mathematics, produce efficient code, and be easy to use. In this effort Toyon proposes to use Matlab synthesis (M-synthesis) for this purpose. As most algorithm developers already use Matlab for modeling and simulation, the language presents a natural point of entry for code that will be translated directly to an FPGA. Most importantly, Matlab provides an extremely capable simulation environment by which to stimulate and post-process simulation data. By providing both fixed point Matlab for debugging and fixed point C/C++ for acceleration of fixed point verification, there is unprecedented flexibility in the process of translating a floating point model to the fixed point numerics required in an FPGA. Further complimenting this flow will be the integration of RTL verification with the same fixed point test vectors. This will all be encapsulated in an easy to use framework that will incorporate Matlab code entry and model-based Simulink integration. Toyon will provide additional support in the form of IP development, processor and external memory interfaces, as well as starter-kits to ease the introduction of this toolflow to Navy personnel.

Lightning Ridge Technologies 4106 Aikins Ave SW Seattle, WA 98116
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 793-4876 David Lorenzo N111-015 Awarded:4/11/2011
Title:	Advanced Adaptive Beamforming/Nullsteering CRPA with Robust Bias Compensation for Rotorcraft Precision Navigation
Abstract:	Lightning Ridge Technologies advances the state of the art of Controlled Reception Pattern Antennas (CRPAs) for rotorcraft by developing an adaptive beamsteering technology to significantly mitigate hostile jamming while estimating and cancelling GPS signal variations that plague rotorcraft operations. These variations include but are not limited to rotor interference, manufacturing variability and electronic mutual coupling in the antennas, and airframe and environmental changes that alter signal scattering, diffraction, and reflection. Most problematic for precision navigation and adaptive CRPA processing, the main rotor states contributing to rotor blade modulation (RBM) are currently not measured in real-time on operational helicopters (e.g., the MH-60). The proposed architecture utilizes a two part estimation scheme to account for the biases. Carrier-phase biases are quickly varying, and should be calibrated in real-time. Pseudorange errors can be smoothed over longer periods, and these biases cause less effect on the sensitive beamsteering algorithms; thus pseudorange biases should be calibrated off-line. Lightning Ridge Technologies’ experts have designed CRPA systems to land jets on aircraft carriers (Navy JPALS Program); this prior knowledge enables us to create a feasible approach providing significant benefits to rotorcraft aviation.

Mayflower Communications Company, Inc. 20 Burlington Mall Road Burlington, MA 01803
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 359-9500 William LeComte N111-015 Awarded:4/11/2011
Title:	Code/carrier Phase Compensation (CPC) for GPS Anti-Jam Receivers on Rotary Wing Aircraft Platforms
Abstract:	Beamforming/null steering algorithms have been developed for antenna installations on ships and fixed wing aircraft where navigational accuracy is achieved at the expense of greater complexity and cost in the antenna electronics. A rotary wing aircraft presents a more challenging radio frequency (RF) environment than ships and fixed wing aircraft where both the rotor blade modulation and reflection may affect anti-jam and GPS receiver performance. The objective of this SBIR program is to develop advanced adaptive weighting algorithms to mitigate potential code and carrier phase bias errors introduced by Controlled Reception Pattern Antenna (CRPA) nulling algorithms and maintain or improve navigation accuracy in the presence of rotor blade jammer reflection and modulation of GPS satellite signals. Mayflower proposes to leverage its Small Antenna System (SAS) technology developed for rotary wing platforms with innovative advanced adaptive weighting algorithms that mitigate antenna induced phase biases in GPS code and carrier phase measurements in the rotary wing environment. In Phase I of this SBIR, Mayflower will prove the feasibility of an advanced adaptive weighting algorithm through simulation and analysis. In Phase II, our plan will implement an enhanced AJ solution to demonstrate the ability to mitigate GPS carrier phase and pseudo-range biases induced by jamming in a rotor-blade environment. Under Phase III, Mayflower will develop form-fit AJ electronics for transitioning the technology to current and future rotary wing naval platforms such as the Navy’s H-60 aircraft.

PaneraTech 7056 Falls Reach Dr. Suite: 304 Falls Church, VA 22043
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(614) 582-2013 Paul Swetnam N111-015 Awarded:4/11/2011
Title:	Beam Forming/Null Steering Algorithms for Rotorcraft Mounted Global Positioning System (GPS) Anti-Jam Receivers
Abstract:	PaneraTech, in partnership with Ohio State University ElectroScience Laboratory, is proposing to develop an advanced beamforming/null steering algorithm that provides the desired navigation accuracy in the presence of rotor blade modulation of the satellite signals and the incident interfering signals. We will investigate various adaptive weighting algorithms for rotorcraft mounted GPS antenna arrays and determine the most optimal algorithm that will maintain or improve C/N for satellite signals, and minimal antenna induced biases or calibration of antenna induced biases in the presence of rotor blade jammer reflection and modulation of GPS satellite signals.

Black River Systems Company, Inc. 162 Genesee Street Utica, NY 13502
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(315) 732-7385 Peter Shea N111-016 Awarded:5/2/2011
Title:	Optimizing Track-to-Track Data Fusion for Variable Cases
Abstract:	In current tracking and data fusion applications, each mission, each scenario, each different configuration of sensors and measurement types typically results in a different tracking algorithm or configuration that produces the optimal performance results. However, the ability to quickly and easily evaluate these different approaches to allow for a detailed analysis does not exist today. As part of this effort, Black River Systems Company proposes to develop a model-based tracking architecture that is able to capture the key functional components of a tracker and allow for an objective determination of which tracker configuration and algorithmic components produce the optimal results. Our approach will break down the tracking problem into separate functional components and provide a software tool that is capable of selecting different algorithmic solutions for each of the functional blocks. In conjunction with this, we will also create scenarios that will be used to evaluate multiple combinations of tracker functionality. The final piece of our proposed solution is the development of tracking metrics that allow for an objective comparison of the performance of the various algorithmic components.

Toyon Research Corp. 6800 Cortona Drive Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Craig Agate N111-016 Awarded:5/2/2011
Title:	Optimizing Track-to-Track Data Fusion for Variable Cases
Abstract:	Many Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) systems involve combining track data from multiple sources, leading to an improved track picture. A multitude of track fusion algorithms exist, some of which require significant computational resources and have difficulty running in real-time when thousands of tracks must be maintained. Ideally, we would like to evaluate the utility of the various track fusion algorithms for a particular system. An analysis of different track fusion algorithms based on real data from the ISR system in which they will be deployed would yield the most accurate assessment of track fusion performance; however, this requires data from real experiments, which is often difficult to obtain in any quantity. An alternative is to test and evaluate algorithms within a simulated environment that can model to some degree of realism the conditions under which the system will operate (and can vary those conditions to conduct thorough trade studies). On this effort, Toyon will develop a prototype ISR system evaluation tool that combines our scenario simulation application, tracking applications, track fusion application, and performance analysis tools into a software system for evaluating track fusion performance under varying conditions (and algorithm choices) for an ISR system such as the BAMS.

Vectraxx, Inc. 12131 Howards Mill Road Glen Allen, VA 23059
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(864) 973-1114 Terry Ogle N111-016 Awarded:5/2/2011
Title:	AAV Benchmark
Abstract:	The term benchmark originates from the chiseled horizontal marks that surveyors made, into which an angle-iron could be placed to bracket (“bench”) a leveling rod, thus ensuring that the leveling rod can be repositioned in exactly the same place in the future. A benchmark in computer terms is the result of running a computer program, or a set of programs, in order to assess the relative performance of an object by running a number of standard tests and trials against it. For over 10 years, GTRI has been involved in various “Benchmarks” that have been used by the Missile Defense Agency, Office of Naval Research, NavSea, and SIAP JPO. For the last nine of those years, Vectraxx has been involved in supporting the BMD Benchmark and using the IAMD Benchmark. The Vectraxx/GTRI team is perfectly positioned to develop the next high-fidelity simulation environment that will be a tool for comparing tracking algorithms.

Information Systems Laboratories, Inc. 10070 Barnes Canyon Road San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 373-2775 Jeff Ridgway N111-017 Awarded:4/7/2011
Title:	Electric Field Sensor Technology
Abstract:	E-fields produced by submarines is a technology that is suited to the littoral environment and can be integrated into airborne ASW systems. E-field sensors can be configured to fit into “A”-size buoys for airborne deployment, supporting surveillance and attack missions. In the littoral, ducting effects increase E-field detection ranges as water depth decreases, with negligible impact from littoral sound velocity profiles. ISL has built and tested buoy-based E- field sensors that utilize AgCl electrodes in order to make ionic contact with the seawater. However, AgCl electrodes take time to come to equilibrium after launch, and must be immersed in seawater for storage. ISL proposes to develop a unique electrode made out of carbon aerogel, that has the advantages of a dry-storable electrode, but also has excellent ULF noise characteristics. ISL has already researched this new electrode type to a certain extent using internal R&D funds, and will leverage this legacy work in order to arrive at an optimal electrode for air-droppable E-field buoys, which is accurate at all frequencies, acclimates quickly, and is affordable. This will enable exploitation of E-field signals emitted by submarines and offers new modalities that will facilitate vessel classification and data fusion with acoustic sensors.

Physical Optics Corporation Applied Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Michael Reznikov N111-017 Awarded:4/7/2011
Title:	Swing Electro-Acoustic Sensor
Abstract:	To address the Navy’s need for compact low-noise electrodes to be used with air-deployed electric-field sensor platforms, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Swing Electro-Acoustic Sensor (SEAS). This proposed technology is based on a new system design that utilizes in-house developed carbon fiber electrodes and an innovative electrometer concept using commercially available components. The innovation in the system and electrode fabrication technology will enable the SEAS device to detect low-frequency and low-magnitude electromagnetic fields in seawater. As a result, this technology offers operation in a wide frequency range, high sensitivity and frequency selectivity, and reliable operation in the turbulent environment, which directly addresses the Navy’s Air ASW Systems PMA-264 program and A-size buoy requirements, such as low-noise floor in both ultra-low and extremely-low frequency bands, rapid deployment, tolerance to thermal and salinity variations, and compatibility with A-size buoy container and launcher. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of SEAS technology and design low-noise and dry-storage electrodes by the evaluation of a conceptual benchtop prototype. In Phase II, POC plans to develop a SEAS prototype and demonstrate it in the operational environment.

QUASAR Federal Systems, Inc. 5754 Pacific Center Blvd. Suite 203 San Diego, CA 92121
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 228-1704 Robert Dickey N111-017 Awarded:4/7/2011
Title:	Compact, Low Noise Electrodes for Air Deployed Marine Electric Field Sensors
Abstract:	Buoys for marine surveillance have traditionally employed acoustic sensors for target detection and classification. However, there are situations, particularly in littoral environments, in which the performance of these sensors can be significantly compromised. Underwater electric field sensors offer the capability for target detection through sensing the electromagnetic fields generated by marine vessels. A buoy capable of detecting these signatures could offer significant advantages.The use of E-field sensing underwater has, up until now, been hampered by the practical performance of available sensor technology. Results have been dependent on varied factors such as temperature, salinity, microstructural differences among electrodes used, and prior exposure to air and light. QUASAR Federal Systems proposes to leverage its compact, robust underwater sensing technology, which is immune to these effects, to develop a dry-storable electrode technology with a low noise floor in the frequency bands of interest that provides immediate signal transduction upon contact with seawater for the next generation of underwater electric field sensors.In Phase II we will collaborate with Ultra Electronics Undersea Sensor Systems Inc. (USSI) to build and test E-field sensors for ocean deployments. In Phase III we will develop a production design to integrate into existing naval sonobuoy systems.

American Dynamics Flight Systems, 8264 Preston Ct Suite A Jessup, MD 20794
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 579-3119 Paul Vasilescu N111-018 Awarded:5/31/2011
Title:	Aerodynamic Rotating 2.75 Inch Low-Drag Lightweight Launcher
Abstract:	The Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System (APKWS) system has added laser guidance and precision strike capabilities to the already highly effective and proven Hydra 70 system. The relative low weight and low cost of the APKWS driven Hydra 70 system makes it an ideal choice for manned and unmanned aircraft. A reduction in aerodynamic drag of the launching system could significantly increase aircraft forward airspeed and flight endurance, especially for unmanned aircraft.The Phase I effort will focus on demonstrating the feasibility of developing a set of low-drag, lightweight, aerodynamic rotating launchers for 2.75 inch rockets and the APKWS weapon system. These launchers will be developed using technology that can substantially decrease aerodynamic drag. The launchers will also be constructed using advanced composite materials that can substantially decrease weight and increase service life. The Phase I effort will include aerodynamic analysis through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and proof-of-principle demonstration through the fabrication and laboratory testing of a full-scale prototype launch tube. The Phase II effort will include the fabrication and demonstration of the proposed launcher designs through physical live tests of prototype launcher assemblies.

Piasecki Aircraft Corporation 519 West Second Street P.O. Box 360 Essington, PA 19029
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 521-5700 Fred Piasecki N111-018 Awarded:5/31/2011
Title:	Low Drag 2.75 Inch Rocket and Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System (APKWS) Launchers
Abstract:	The proposal describes a solution to the challenge presented in SBIR Topic N111-018 for a Low Drag 2.75 Inch Rocket and Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System (APKWS) Launchers. The Phase I approach is to develop and validate through prototype engineering, a Low Drag 2.75" Launcher. PiAC will hypothesize different approaches to respond to the topic requirement, namely our concept 60X4006 Low Weight Low Drag, (LWLD) 4-shot, and 60X4008 Low Weight Low Drag (LWLD) 19-shot launchers. PiAC will develop a trade study matrix effort on differing drag reduction approaches. Decision metrics will be developed and applied to arrive at an appropriate down-select from the trade study concepts. The final solution will be compatible with the LAU-61/68 systems for complete mechanical interoperability. The resulting Phase I effort will feed a Wind Tunnel test to validate the Weight and Drag Savings. Additionally, the ability of the launcher to be fabricated will be studied under Phase I. The best solution from the trade studies will be the basis for the follow on Phase II research.

San Diego Composites, Inc. 9550 Ridgehaven Ct San Diego, CA 92123
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 751-0450 Rob kolozs N111-018 Awarded:5/31/2011
Title:	Low Drag 2.75 Inch Rocket and Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System (APKWS) Launchers
Abstract:	Current LAU Launchers (LAU-68 and LAU-61) are constructed from aluminum tubes and bulkheads but are too heavy and create too much drag for current fixed and rotary wing UAV platforms. SDC has proposed to redesign the LAU 61 and LAU 68 launchers with advanced light weight composite materials in order to reduce weight. SDCs preliminary analysis shows that weight reduction of as much as 65% can be achieved by using composite materials. SDC also has also proposed to design latch doors mechanism that integrates into the forward fairing. These will remain closed aerodynamic position and will open only upon rocket egress. The hatches will be designed to automatically shut closed in the presence of flight headwind and close after rocket has fired, maintaining their original aerodynamic shape. By moving away from a frangible fairing design and using automatically closing hatches the original low drag forward fairing is maintained for the return portion of the flight will see that drag is reduced by a factor of 4.

CFD Research Corporation 215 Wynn Dr., 5th Floor Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 726-4800 Phillip Whitley N111-019 Awarded:3/10/2011
Title:	Minimization of Chronic Back Pain in Military Pilots and Vehicle Occupants
Abstract:	Low back pain attributed to piloting military air vehicles is a significant operational and health problem. The major contributors of lumbar pain have been thought to be seating, task posture and vibration. As the asymptomatic pilot starts to experience pain, repeated painful episodes lead to pain sensitization and chronic pain with possible damage. At this stage pilot readiness is reduced and operational availability may be impacted. Improving the pilot’s operational situation and health protection may be accomplished through improvements in crew station, seating, procedure enhancements, training, and other means. Because of limitations of human pain experiments mathematical modeling of spinal biomechanics and pain neurobiology may provide invaluable help in prediction and mitigation of back pain in military pilots, and operators of combat vehicles. We propose to integrate existing FEM biomechanics models of a human body and spine with mathematical models of pain neurobiology and use them to analyze them to simulate a response of an occupant to the inertial and positional stressors. The pain model will combine mechanical, physiological and biochemical mechanisms of nociception, neuronal transmission, sensitization and perception of pain in spinal structures including intervertebral discs, spinal nerves, ligaments and muscles and facets. . This multi-scale human body, spinal column and pain model will be used to "expose" a simulated occupant to various loads: inertial, vibration, seating (geometry and cushions), restraints, and protective clothing/equipment. The validated model will be used for Use the model to analyze existing operational procedures and propose improved operational guidelines.

Intelligent Automation, Inc. 15400 Calhoun Drive Suite 400 Rockville, MD 20855
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 294-4629 Xiong Liu N111-019 Awarded:3/10/2011
Title:	An Integrated Back Pain Assessment Framework based on Spine Biomechanics and Probabilistic Reasoning
Abstract:	Back pain is a critical problem for military air crews. As mission durations often exceed the original operational window for which the seating systems were designed, crews are susceptible to both acute and chronic discomfort and pain. Studies have shown that spinal loading and movement have a significant influence on pain. Other studies have linked back pain to anthropometric factors, work related factors, and health history. Yet our knowledge of how spine biomechanics and degenerative change affect or cause pain is limited. A better understanding of the relationship between spine pain and the biomechanical factors unique to military air crews is needed to inform the development of effective prevention and seat design strategies for back disorders. To address this critical challenge, the IAI team proposes to develop a novel framework for back pain assessment that will systematically model and analyze back pain by exploiting spine biomechanics and probabilistic reasoning. The envisioned end-product will be a pain assessment and seat design tool which integrates biomechanical simulation techniques, probabilistic modeling, experimental data, empirical studies, and optimization techniques to offer effective decision making in minimizing chronic back pain.

Lambda Science, Inc. P.O. Box 238 Wayne, PA 19087
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 581-7940 Joseph Teti N111-020 Awarded:4/22/2011
Title:	Detection and Tracking of Small Boats and Semi-Submersibles in the Littoral
Abstract:	Detection of small boats and semi-submersibles in the littoral environment is very challenging as a result of the very strong and persistent backscatter from the ocean surface. Detection modes that employ long dwell coherent processing are a promising approach to achieving reliable low false alarm rate detection of this class of surface vessels in a littoral environment. A penalty of utilizing long coherent dwell detection modes is a reduction in area coverage rate. The reduction in area coverage rate can be minimized by careful mode design/parameterization that is well matched to exploit environmental and look direction dependent scattering phenomenology based on the use of in-situ sensor measurements. It is envisioned that this overall capability would be kernelled within a sensor resource manager for use in the field. A related critical aspect that conditions the design space is the architecture of the sensor. The sensor architecture may be mechanically scanned single or dual phase center (monopulse), or a multi-phase center fixed or mechanically scanned AESA. Since the azimuth antenna baseline dimension and number of phase centers play an important role in establishing endoclutter performance in some processing schemes, its impact will also be considered as part of this SBIR effort.

POC Tech Group 41928 Sara Ann Court Leonardtown, MD 20650
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 242-0248 Victor Chen N111-020 Awarded:4/22/2011
Title:	Detection and Tracking of Small Boats and Semi-Submersibles in the Littoral
Abstract:	We propose to develop an innovative adaptive array processing and CFAR detection technique for the detection, discrimination, and tracking of small vessels in high sea state. The proposed technology will use MTI array processor/adaptive CFAR detector with time- varying (temporal) Doppler signatures to characterize small vessels and sea clutter. We will perform detailed analysis and modeling to assess the feasibility of the array processor/CFAR detector. Temporal Doppler features of vessels will be used as new features for the detection and discrimination. During Phase I, the adaptive array processor and data driven CFAR detector will be developed along with an architecture and an approach for implementing the architecture on current radar system. The transmitter/receiver array provides electronic steering and beam-forming. During Phase I Option, we will develop detailed designs for the components of the array processor/CFAR detector, investigate the use of wakes for vessel features and the use of two-site radar system for estimating motion kinematics of the vessel. During Phase II we will verify the detailed design, layout the components, simulate for functionality and timing, test the performance and reliability of adaptive processor/detector, and verify the entire radar adaptive processor/detector design.

RDRTec Inc. 3737 Atwell St. Suite 208 Dallas, TX 75209
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(214) 213-5579 Sidney Theis N111-020 Awarded:4/22/2011
Title:	Detection and Tracking of Small Boats and Semi-Submersibles in the Littoral
Abstract:	RDRTec Inc. proposes to develop innovative coherent temporal processing techniques and radar modes that detect, discriminate, and track small boats and semi-submersible vessels in the presence of highly variable Doppler spectra characteristics that occur in the littoral sea clutter environment.

Integrity Applications Incorporated 5180 Parkstone Drive Suite 260 Chantilly, VA 20151
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 997-7436 James Georges N111-021 Awarded:5/12/2011
Title:	Compact High Spatial Resolution Airborne Optical System
Abstract:	The Navy relies on airborne Electro-Optical / Infrared (EOIR) ISR platforms for detecting, classifying, and identifying targets and threats. For a given range to target, large apertures yield higher resolution and small apertures yield lower resolution. The downside is that large apertures are costly, heavy, and less aerodynamic. Integrity Applications Incorporated (IAI) proposes to investigate and demonstrate an airborne tactical design that delivers resolution greater than four times the size of the imaging aperture. This design is based on a revolutionary capability recently demonstrated and submitted for a patent by IAI. The design is superior to others because it is less complex, delivers a larger field of view, and derives MOCOMP data directly from the collected imagery data. In the proposed effort, we will develop and demonstrate a visible waveband, compact synthetic aperture imaging system. We will modify our current demonstration system to have flight-like geometry, demonstrate utility on complex targets and scenes, determine the limitations beyond four times the traditional resolution, and deliver a report that investigates retrofitting our system into common Navy Airborne tactical imaging systems. This will allow Navy airborne platforms to deliver robust intelligence products while maintaining safe and covert stand-off distances.

SA Photonics, LLC 130 Knowles Drive Suite A Los Gatos, CA 95032
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 376-0989 Dave Pechner N111-021 Awarded:5/12/2011
Title:	Compact High Spatial Resolution Airborne Optical System
Abstract:	SA Photonics' Hy-SAR system is an active laser based imaging system utilizing synthetic aperture signal processing techniques to provide 5-10x improvement in image spatial resolution relative to a relatively sized passive system. The Hy-SAR system utilizes a unique RF modulation scheme that is extremely linear eliminating the need of path length matched reference channels and other complex compensation schemes. The Hy-SAR system leverages SA Photonics extensive experience in developing and delivering systems for coherent optical communications, coherent LIDAR detection and tracking, RF modulated LIDAR imaging, high-speed precision beam steering for advanced seeker applications, and extremely small, high update-rate precision fiber optic gyroscopes for image stabilization applications.

Wavefront 7 Johnston Circle BASKING RIDGE, NJ 07920
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 558-4806 Jie Yao N111-021 Awarded:5/12/2011
Title:	Long-Range Synthetic Aperture Lidar for 2-D Spatial Resolution Higher than Optical Diffraction Limit and 3-D Mapping
Abstract:	Ground resolution is a critical parameter of an airborne surveillance system, whether it is a ground radar or an optical camera. The synthetic aperture (SA) method has proven extremely successful in Radio Frequency (RF) radars to achieve spatial resolution significantly higher than that of the diffraction limit of the physical aperture of the imaging system, yet realization of the same concept in an optical camera has been limited to the laboratory setting at the best. No practically feasible optical long-range SA imaging system has been designed and reported.We propose a novel and practical Long-Range Synthetic Aperture LIDAR (SA-LIDAR) for optical imaging with resolution 5x higher than the physical aperture diffraction limit. Just like any active sensors, the long-range SA-LIDAR needs a high sensitivity photo-detector, and hence we also propose our Photon Counting Integrated Circuit (PCIC) InGaAs Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) Camera.During Phase I, we will numerically and experimentally prove the fundamental concepts of the SA-LIDAR and the PCIC detector. In Phase II, we will implement this SA-LIDAR technology with our PCIC focal plane array technology to deliver high-resolution high-sensitivity SA-LIDAR system for aerial surveillance applications, will and demonstrate enhanced ground resolution 5x beyond the optical diffraction limit.

3 Phoenix, Inc. 14585 Avion Pwy Suite 200 Chantilly, VA 20151
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 956-6480 Bob Smarrelli N111-022 Awarded:4/11/2011
Title:	Intelligent Proxies for Automated Mission Planning
Abstract:	3 Phoenix, Inc (3Pi) and Monterey Technologies, Inc. (MTI) propose an innovative Automated Mission Planning System (AMPS), which combines the development of an intuitive Operator-Machine Interface (OMI) and an adaptive data fusion algorithm operating under a web based Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). The AMPS is based on the creation and continual update of a fusion database that can be utilized by the Mission Planner through the OMI. The technique will be to combine the richly varying information available from diverse sources such as target location, target imagery, METOC data, terrain information, available weapons and platform capabilities and even other intel sources to create inputs to the adaptive data fusion engine. The fusion engine will update and maintain the fusion database, which is essentially a geospatial representation of all that is known about the mission requirements and mission parameters.

3 Sigma Research, Inc. 503 S. River Oaks Dr. Indialantic, FL 32903
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 674-9267 Aaron Wheeler N111-022 Awarded:4/11/2011
Title:	Intelligent Proxies for Automated Mission Planning
Abstract:	An individual ATO may become very large and complex because of the scope of a mission. The scale of information significantly challenges mission planners to ensure the availability of necessary equipment, configurations, and personnel at locations within reach of the mission target. Optimal flight route and re-planning requires finding time-sensitive routes from sortie base locations to targets that avoid restricted airspaces and account for continually changing weather and threat positions. 3 Sigma Research develops a novel solution called the Semantic Air Tasking Order Reasoner (SATOR) to organize and search for mission information for individual for Air Tasking Orders (ATO). The benefits of our unique solution include 1) human-like reasoning to find aircraft, configurations, personnel, and other resources required by the ATO, 2) optimal flight route planning for mission sorties, and 3) real time alerts to notify mission planners and pilots.

SIGNAL PROCESSING, INC. 13619 Valley Oak Circle ROCKVILLE, MD 20850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(240) 505-2641 Chiman Kwan N111-022 Awarded:4/11/2011
Title:	Intelligent Decision Agent (IDA) for Automated Mission Planning
Abstract:	Advanced Mission Management (AMM) requires Automated Mission Planning (AMP) capability that, in turn, dictates the need to have tools for intelligent fusion of multi-source data for situational awareness, human-like reasoning for optimal mission plans (course-of- action (COA)) determination, and optimal plan adjustment when situation changes are detected and threats are recognized.We propose to develop a versatile software toolset for AMP based on new classes of Intelligent Agents that can learn, adapt, reason and make appropriate decisions from the input data and the assigned task, under the current situation- context and resource constraints. Basically, the agent architecture follows the human Observe-Orient-Decide-Act (OODA) intelligence decision loop that can be mapped into the well-known Beliefs-Desires-Intentions (BDI) agent architecture. Furthermore, the reasoning capability of our intelligent agents will exploit the peculiar characteristics of causal graphs (e.g., Fuzzy Cognitive Map - FCM), Case-Based Reasoning (CBR), and Behavior-Based Control System (BBCS) concept to efficiently assist decision-makers (DM) in AMP tasks. Changes in the operational environment and resources availability will be monitored through real-time situational awareness and Mission Plan adjustment, if required, will be automatically generated. The optimal mission task assignment will be performed by auction- based algorithms.

Auriga Measurement Systems LLC 650 Suffolk Street Suite410 Lowell, MA 01854
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 441-1117 John Muir N111-023 Awarded:4/21/2011
Title:	Thermal Management of Highly Integrated Radio Frequency (RF) Electronics
Abstract:	Modern RF electronics such as those used in airborne active electronically scanned array (AESA) based radar systems employ high-power density, high-temperature electronic devices requiring advanced thermal management technology. For optimal operation, these devices, in particular the transmit/receive (T/R) modules in an array, need to efficiently dissipate significant quantities of heat and maintain accurate temperature control across the array. Auriga Measurement Systems (Auriga) has been developing a solution to these thermal issues that utilizes a new approach to the chip and module design. We will develop a plan to reduce the heat generation both at the module level and power distribution in the array. This includes efficiency improvement of the gallium nitride (GaN) PA, maximizing array efficiency by power tapering, reduction of power dissipation in the LNA and reducing power losses by adopting a distributed power supply system. Overall goal of the effort is to reduce the heat generation in the module and power distribution by a factor of 2. These concepts and designs will be demonstrated as proof of concept prototypes in Phase I and Phase I Option. We will develop a full-scale development and assessment plan on an array concept identified by the Navy.

FIRST RF CORPORATION 5340 Airport Blvd. Boulder, CO 80301
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 449-5211 Ian Rumsey N111-023 Awarded:4/21/2011
Title:	Thermal Management of Highly Integrated Radio Frequency (RF) Electronics
Abstract:	Sophisticated radar antennas such as an active electronically scanned aperture (AESA) are used to support acquisition and tracking in multiple modes over wide bandwidths, monopulse tracking, and Sense and Avoid RADAR (SAA) for UAV applications. These multi-function radar systems are small but require a considerable amount of power, which in turn produces a significant amount of heat. For these systems to be practical they must be lightweight and affordable while managing thermal loads to meet mission critical levels of reliability and performance.The proposed program will focus on efficient RF manifold technologies and integration architectures which will enable the next generation of low cost, high performance airborne phased arrays. Traditionally, airborne phased arrays have been restricted to only the highest performance applications. This architecture utilizes an innovative RF manifold where high efficiency components and specialized structuring reduce thermal resistance and optimize airflow through the heat sink. The FIRST RF architecture increases thermal transfer to the surrounding air. This approach represents a breakthrough in simple, low- cost, air-cooled phased arrays, and combines our strengths in high performance antenna design, manifold design.

Thermacore, Inc. 780 Eden Road Lancaster, PA 17601
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(717) 519-3134 Mark North N111-023 Awarded:4/26/2011
Title:	Capillary Metered, Actively Pumped Two-Phase Cooling for AESA Arrays
Abstract:	Capillary Metered, Actively Pumped Two-Phase Cooling for AESA Arrays. Two Phase cooling minimizes required mass flow and isothermalizes the AESA array. Active pumping allows long distance transport to reject to ambient air at convenient location. Capillary structure provides coolant to each element proportional to its power. The combination can be miniaturized and modularized to the desired mm spacing and can be fabricated in silicon for direct integration with electronics.

Integument Technologies, Inc. 72 Pearce Avenue Tonawanda, NY 14150
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(716) 873-1199 Terrence Vargo N111-024 Awarded:5/12/2011
Title:	Innovative Approaches for Utilizing Carbon Nanotube Technology (CNT) in Anti-Corrosion Coatings
Abstract:	Integument will utilize a unique nanoinfusion technology that allows us to effectively coat Carbon Nanotubes (CNT's)with various environmentally benign corrosion inhibitors. In addition, Integument Technologies will team with Boyce Components, in order to demonstrate a proprietary mixing technology that allows us to effectively blend CNT's Carbon Fibers and Carbon platelets into various polymeric resins including aircraft grade urethane and epoxy paints. Our proposed Phase I effort will fabricate an epoxy polyamide primer coating system having CNT's functionalized with corrosion inhibitors. the objective is to meet Navy requirements specified by MIL-PRF-23377J for a primer coating system that is environmentally benign with superior corrosion protection.

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 220-2505 James Garrett N111-024 Awarded:5/12/2011
Title:	Innovative Approaches for Utilizing Carbon Nanotube Technology (CNT) in Anti-Corrosion Coatings
Abstract:	The key responsibility of aerospace coatings systems has been, historically, to protect the airframe from environmental damage. As the roles and materials of modern tactical aircraft have evolved, the coating systems that protect them have become significantly more complicated. To address the need for a corrosion inhibiting primer to meet demanding environmental and operational requirements, Luna Innovations Incorporated proposes to develop an aerospace primer containing a blend of nanocarbon particles and non-chrome inhibitors that will provide conductivity and long range corrosion inhibition. The proposed coating technology will be formulated for conventional spray application, but with rheological properties that allow for touch-up brush application with desirable flow and leveling properties that do not drip or run. A binder providing strong substrate and intercoat adhesion, and mechanical strength, will be utilized. After application, the coating will cure under ambient conditions, and meet dry time and recoat window requirements outlined in MIL-PRF-23377J.

NanoLab, Inc. 179 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 609-2722 David CArnahan N111-024 Awarded:5/12/2011
Title:	Innovative Approaches for Utilizing Carbon Nanotube Technology (CNT) in Anti-Corrosion Coatings
Abstract:	The Navy needs coatings that offer improved corrosion resistance compared to the current state of the art, and if these coatings can also offer tailorable conductivity, this would be a substantial benefit for some applications. Conductivity is essential for some components to serve their mission, while the improved corrosion resistance should enable longer service life for all components. The water borne corrosion resistant primers under the MIL-PRF- 85582 specification is a two component formulations using an epoxy-polyamide chemistry. NanoLab will work within this specification to create a carbon nanotube reinforced version. NanoLab will use its existing equipment and expertise to determine the concentration, amount of chemical functionalization and the concentration of other additives that are required to create a primer that outperforms the chromium based versions of the existing primer. We will utilize Westmoreland for salt spray testing, and have indentified a potential partner for Phase II manufacture of the primer.

RDRTec Inc. 3737 Atwell St. Suite 208 Dallas, TX 75209
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(214) 213-5579 Sidney Theis N111-025 Awarded:5/6/2011
Title:	Collision Avoidance Decision Making in the Face of Uncertainty
Abstract:	This effort is to develop and prove the feasibility of techniques that accurately characterize the tracker errors when predicting the target’s future position. This is the essence of optimal UAS sense decision making processes in the presence of non-cooperative aircraft.

Scientific Systems Company, Inc 500 West Cummings Park - Ste 3000 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 933-5355 Jovan Boskovic N111-025 Awarded:5/5/2011
Title:	Fast On-line Prediction of Aircraft State Trajectories using Integrated Information (FORECAST-II)
Abstract:	SSCI and RDR Tec propose to develop and implement an on-board Fast On-line pREdiCtion of Aircraft State Trajectories using Integrated Information (FORECAST II) system, as a part of a future comprehensive Integrated Collision Avoidance System (ICAS). The main feature of the FORECAST II system is that it will be based on quantification of uncertainty arising from the use of an on-board radar, and due to unanticipated motion of a threat aircraft. The proposed system will minimize false alarms and missed detections and facilitate timely decision-making regarding the implementation of avoidance maneuvers or deconfliction strategies. In Phase I the FORECAST II system will be tested on simplified dynamic models of an onboard radar and MQ-8B Firescout unmanned autonomous helicopter. In the base period of Phase I the focus will be on problem formulation, development of a state estimation and prediction models, FORECAST II design and implementation, and initial performance evaluation, while in the option period further performance testing will be carried out.

Charles River Analytics Inc. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Dan Gutchess N111-026 Awarded:5/12/2011
Title:	Feature Adaptation via Multispectral Extraction (FAME)
Abstract:	Tracking ground targets using full motion video (FMV) turrets is critically important to reconnaissance and targeting operations. A reliable automated system to track designated targets would free the sensor operator to perform secondary tasks, such as communicating intelligence to commanders. Current systems have not demonstrated sufficient reliability to gain the users’ trust, working well under some conditions, but breaking under others. To help improve the reliability of FMV trackers, we propose an approach called Feature Adaptation via Multispectral Extraction (FAME), which adapts the feature sets used by the tracker based on operating conditions (time of day, sensor depression angle, etc.) An off-line learning phase is used to model tracking reliability improvements from varying feature combinations across different operating conditions, and the model is applied at run-time to select the best features to use. FAME also adaptively selects among multiple spectral bands based on operating conditions. The system will be demonstrated using video data from commonly- available sensors, such as infrared and the color channels from an electro-optical sensor, but the approach is extensible to an arbitrary number of image channels. FAME’s tracking algorithm uses a particle filter to model target uncertainty, incorporate geospatial knowledge, and fuse measurements from multiple sensors/spectral bands.

Metron, Inc. 1818 Library Street Suite 600 Reston, VA 20190
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 326-2915 Jeffrey Silver N111-026 Awarded:5/12/2011
Title:	EOIR Multi-Sensor Fusion Tracker Algorithm MP 08-11
Abstract:	We will employ fine grain registration and Likelihood ratio and detection to fuse multiple wave bands at the sensor level

Toyon Research Corp. 6800 Cortona Drive Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Andrew Brown N111-026 Awarded:5/12/2011
Title:	EO/IR Multi-Sensor Fusion Tracker Algorithm
Abstract:	Toyon Research Corporation proposes research and development to maximize exploitation of co-boresighted multi-sensor EO/IR video, based on an innovative Bayesian track-before- detect algorithm. Statistical background modeling is performed to optimize clutter suppression, and estimated moving target likelihoods are integrated over time, without thresholding, in a non-linear particle filter. Toyon’s proposed algorithm includes multiple- target feature-aided data association via a novel Multiple-Frame Soft-Assignment Solver (MFSAS) developed in a Belief Propagation framework for computationally efficient estimation of probabilistic associations in large-scale tracking problems. Following successful development in Phase I and II, the resulting EO/IR multi-sensor fusion and tracking device is expected to be capable of real-time airborne processing of multiple unregistered video feeds within EO/IR turret SWaP constraints, based on a parallel processing architecture composed of a heterogeneous mix of embedded processors.

Intuitive Research and Technology Corporation 5030 Bradford Drive, NW Building 2, Suite 205 Huntsville, AL 35805
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(256) 922-9300 Wayne McCain N111-027 Awarded:6/20/2011
Title:	Innovative Ignition System Technologies for Advanced Tactical Solid Rocket Motors
Abstract:	INTUITIVE proposes to identify, develop, and demonstrate Innovative Ignition System Technologies (I2ST) for Advanced Tactical Solid Rocket Motors (SRMs), that can be utilized with advanced Sidewinder, AMRAAM, HARM, and other Navy/DoD missile system applications. These ignition system technologies must be capable of meeting the unique requirements of advanced, heavily-loaded, end-burning, multiple-pulse tactical solid rocket motors in the 5-10 inch diameter range. Development of synergistic ignition system concepts, ballistic modeling, and supporting trade studies will be required that lead to down- select of optimal technologies capable of being integrated into a baseline air-launched missile system. The proposed Phase I effort will develop concepts for such technologies, conduct trade studies, ballistics modeling, and feasibility studies and select the most promising technologies for demonstration during a Phase II effort. Our Phase I effort will culminate with a detailed Phase II Plan. A proposed Phase I Option will enable further documentation of the conceptual design(s), conduct of engineering breadboard/technology verification tests, and preparation of the drawings/specifications necessary for Phase II prototype functional demonstrations. Our Phase I efforts will concentrate on ignition system technologies meeting the full requirements of MIL-STD-1901A, MIL-STD-2105C, MIL- STD-810F, and other applicable standards. Other promising advanced or emerging technologies may also be addressed.

Knobley Technical Associates LLC 510 State Route 956 Rocket Center, WV 26726
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(304) 726-5419 Louis Miltenberger N111-027 Awarded:6/20/2011
Title:	Innovative Ignition System Technologies for Advanced Tactical Solid Rocket Motors
Abstract:	Knobley Technical Associates Phase I Innovative Ignition System Technologies for Advanced Solid Rocket Motors proposed program will identify and evaluate emerging innovative technologies leading to the feasibility demonstration of the selected system in a prototype low-cost and reliable ignition system for use in multi-pulse, end-burning solid propellant rocket motors. The program consists of an ignition system concept design/trade study in which a matrix of types and configuration of primary igniter charges, initiator types, transmission lines and transmission line installations will be defined and evaluated as candidates for use in a MIL STD 2105C insensitive munitions and MIL STD 1901A compliant multi-pulse ignition system.Pyrotechnic, pyrogen and rapid deflagrating cord type primary ignition materials and charge configurations compatible with the starter and rate augmented end-burning grains of multi-pulse tactical rocket motors will be evaluated. Likewise, an array of applicable initiator technologies including: electrically activated bridge-wire and Low Energy Exploding Foil Deflagrating Initiators (LEEFI), laser activated initiators, shock tube tip initiators and the emerging MEMS based initiator-ignition safety device systems will be evaluated as candidates for the highly loaded grain pulse motor application. The study will evaluate candidate power transmission lines and packaging arrangements of various types: i.e. insulated wires, low-inductance strip lines, fiber optics and shock tubes that extend from the forward-end mounted multi-function ISD's or alternate power source to the initiator/igniter charge positions. Assessments of the technology readiness level, producibility, reliability, and projected development and production cost for each of the most promising ignition systems will be completed. KTA will design and demonstrate the functionality and feasibility of the most promising candidate innovative igniter system as part of the Phase I Option program

Space Propulsion Group, Inc 760 San Aleso Ave. Sunnyvale, CA 94085
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 541-1481 Brian Evans N111-027 Awarded:6/20/2011
Title:	Innovative Ignition System Technologies for Advanced Tactical Solid Rocket Motors
Abstract:	Space Propulsion Group, Inc (SPG) proposes to conduct investigations on ignition and barrier systems for multi-pulse rocket motors. The benefits of the proposed work is the reliable ignition of propellant grains under various free chamber volume conditions and the ability to terminate thrust generation for a desired amount of time following discrete propellant grain burnout. Capability to operate with multiple thrust pulses without the complexity of staging is beneficial for reducing propulsion system costs and increasing mission flexibility. The ability to terminate propulsive thrust following propellant grain combustion relies on the ability to physically and thermally isolate the discrete propellant grains. The significantly different chamber conditions at the start of each of the individual pulses require a separate approach for ignition. An ignition system that can be tailored to the initial conditions of each propellant grain allows great flexibility in selecting mission profiles. The Phase I work considers the development of the igniter system for discrete pulses and a pulse separation device. Evaluation and design of potential igniter systems as well as design and preliminary testing of the pulse separation device will be conducted.

Integrity Applications Incorporated 5180 Parkstone Drive Suite 260 Chantilly, VA 20151
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 997-7436 James Georges N111-028 Awarded:4/14/2011
Title:	Wavefront Sensing for Tactical Systems
Abstract:	The Navy is responsible for providing maritime security from terrorist and rogue state actors. As technology progresses, these threats obtain increasingly powerful weapons that may be concealed in smaller packages. The Navy relies heavily on EOIR sensors mounted on airborne tactical platforms to detect, identify, and classify these threats. The challenging tactical environment faced by these sensors includes platform vibration and altitude and airflow-induced temperature gradients which produces large time-varying optical alignment errors. Furthermore, tactical system manufacturing is subject to high-tempo production schedules and cost constraints which do not allow the use of exotic materials or lengthy alignment procedures. For these reasons, current airborne tactical systems have significantly reduced information content. A cost effective solution is to monitor these wavefront errors for feedback and compensation in order to improve information content. This requires a large-amplitude extended-scene wavefront sensor (WFS) with no active beacon to maintain covert capability. Integrity Applications Incorporated proposes to investigate and demonstrate an extended-scene large amplitude, variable strength, EOIR WFS capable of tactical operation. This sensor will be a key component in the solution that restores the degraded resolution of EOIR tactical systems. This will enable identification, detection and classification of smaller objects from larger standoff distances.

Nanohmics, Inc 6201 East Oltorf St. Suite 400 Austin, TX 78741
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 389-9990 Byron Zollars N111-028 Awarded:4/14/2011
Title:	Plenoptic Wavefront Sensing for Tactical Systems
Abstract:	Wavefront sensors for adaptive-optics systems have traditionally been used in conditions where atmospheric turbulence is relatively weak and concentrated near the pupil of the optical system. Several generations of rotating radial grating, Shack-Hartmann, and modal wavefront sensors have been developed and fielded over the last several decades to compensate atmospheric turbulence. More recently, the need to perform adaptive optics compensation for strong and distributed turbulence has kindled interest in new wavefront sensor designs that must perform where the local rms wavefront gradients exceeds several wavelengths per subaperture. In addition, the wavefront sensors are expected to operate passively, using information from a complex scene to determine the refractive distortion. Nanohmics proposes to build, test, and demonstrate a new type of wavefront sensor that measures the four-dimensional light field. The design of the sensor is reminiscent of an extended-scene Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor, but operates in a completely different manner that is suitable for the measurement of large wavefront gradients in an extended, passive scene, even in the presence of significant scintillation. The concept originates from previous work done in the area of plenoptic imaging, and parallels more recent work done with light-field photography and passive rangefinding.

Banpil Photonics, Inc. 2953 Bunker Hill Lane Suite 400 Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 282-3628 Achyut Dutta N111-029 Awarded:5/5/2011
Title:	Miniature Ultraviolet (UV) Laser Source below 280 nanometers (nm)
Abstract:	This small Business Innovation Research Phase I project seeks to develop innovative miniaturized deep-ultraviolet (UV) laser source module capable to provide average output power of more than 1.0 Watt at the peak wavelength of 266 nm (treated as solar blind less than 280 nm). The laser source is integrated into the small-form factor telecom standard 14- pins butterfly package. The miniature and high power UV laser source is needed for LIDAR based imaging system suitable for hand-held, helmet-mountable, or for UAV applications. UV- LIDAR based imaging systems would be able to see though many natural or man-made obscurants. Very small form-factor UV source designs may also offer opportunity for free space communication. To date, as a UV source, mercury lamps and UV-LEDs are available for numerous commercial applications such as water and air purification, bio-medical equipment for diagnosis and therapy etc. However, the lamps and UV-LEDs are not suitable for LIDAR based imaging, as requiring for next generation military system. A goal in Phase- I program is to carry on research and development of proposed miniature UV (266 nm) laser source, to offer high average output power. Banpil will perform: (a) identifying and carrying out the conceptual design, modeling and simulation of the proposed UV laser source, (b) design and simulation of the process for fabricating prototyped UV-laser source, and (c) thermal design to make efficient package for high reliable laser source module to achieve target performance at 300K in Phase-I. Recognizing the vast application potential of Banpil’s miniature UV laser source, several industrial partners have expressed strong interest in using and commercializing this technology. In Phase II, Banpil will work DoD for specific appllication and also with several leading system companies, as a part of commercialization of the UV-laser source technology.

MP Technologies, LLC 1801 Maple Avenue Evanston, IL 60201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(847) 491-7208 Ryan McClintock N111-029 Awarded:5/5/2011
Title:	Development of III-Nitride Based 280 nm Lasers
Abstract:	Unfortunately, existing AlGaN based ultraviolet laser diodes with wavelengths much shorter than 340 nm suffer from poor performance. This is partially due to the fact that most of the existing research has focused on growth of InGaN lasers on GaN based templates, but a large part is also due to material and processing issues unique to deep UV lasers. New approaches to achieving III-Nitride 280 nm lasers are needed to meets the Navy’s ambitious goals laid out in this program; it is unlikely that traditional approaches to III-Nitrides will be able to achieve the desired laser performance. Instead it is necessary to develop revolutionarily novel approaches to the growth and fabrication of AlInGaN based UV lasers. To this end, we propose a novel hybrid n-ZnO/AlGaN/p-Si 280 nm UV laser. The objective of this Phase I proposal is to investigate novel techniques required to achieve such a hybrid laser. This objective will be complemented by scientific studies to better understand the physical origins existing performance limitations.

NP Photonics, Inc. UA Science and Technology Park 9030 S. Rita Road, Suite #120 Tucson, AZ 85747
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(520) 799-7413 Wei Shi N111-029 Awarded:5/7/2011
Title:	Miniature Ultraviolet (UV) Laser Source below 280 nanometers (nm)
Abstract:	NP Photonics proposes to develop a miniature UV pulsed laser source operating below 280 nm for NAVY’s applications to counter hostile fire identification (HFI) and degraded visual environments (DVE) by providing superior LIDAR and 3D imaging. The UV laser source is based on a novel IR fiber laser based approach coupled to a harmonic frequency converter. This approach offers transform-limited linewidth, single spatial mode, linearly polarized output, and high optical power with high pulse energy. Superior performance is made possible because of NP’s all fiber-based single-frequency, Q-switched pulsed laser seed and large core highly Yb-doped phosphate fiber amplifiers. A monolithic MOPA-based fiber laser has the advantages of being compact, rugged, reliable, low-cost, and light-weight. The operating wavelength of the IR fiber laser engine is 1030-1080 nm, which then is frequency quadrupled using commercial PPKTP and CLBO crystals in order to deliver light below 280 nm. Using this approach, we propose to demonstrate peak/average power ~100 kW/1-3 W and pulse energy ~ 1 mJ for 2-5 ns pulses with repetition rate of 1-10 kHz; the UV light output will have diffraction-limited beam quality with high frequency and pulse stability, and transform-limited linewidth.

Lambda Science, Inc. P.O. Box 238 Wayne, PA 19087
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(610) 581-7940 Joseph Teti N111-030 Awarded:4/21/2011
Title:	Optimally Integrate Automated Ship and Small Craft Classification Functions with the Maritime Tactical Picture Tools
Abstract:	Surface vessel detection and classification from airborne platforms relies heavily on radar at operationally useful stand off ranges. Upon detection the radar search waveform may be used to accrue additional information about the surface contact for classification but confidence is likely to be insufficient. Improved classification confidence can be gained by follow-on contact interrogation with high range resolution (HRR) waveforms from different look directions. However, the use of HRR waveforms requires increased processing and possibly increased dwell time depending on the HRR waveform characteristics, and how it is integrated with the search function. If HRR interrogation of the contact cannot provide the desired classification confidence, the radar can employ inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) operation at favorable geometries to further improve classification requiring additional increases in dwell time and processing, and the likely interruption of the search operation. In addition to the stand-alone radar sensor products for classification, EO/IR imagery can be used to augment and possibly improve ISAR imagery, subject to suitable geometry and atmospheric conditions. This process of surface vessel classification consumes increasing radar resources, and traditionally takes place with an operator in the loop commanding the radar modes and using visual tools to perform the classification. The functional integration, capability and sophistication of the operator interface and the associated toolset is an important area of increasing development and critical to the successful use of the suite of sensors available to the operator. NAVSEA has recognized the importance of this interface and associated tool set, and they have funded the development of a powerful capability under the Ocean Surveillance Initiative (OSI). OSI is a capable modular architecture with multiple operator-in-the-loop interfaces implied throughout the architecture, and multiple displays to provide an integrated tactical picture of the maritime environment. However, there is virtually no automatic mode or sensor resource management (RM), and no automatic surface contact classification (ACC) tools. The objectives of this SBIR effort are to understand the performance capabilities of the functional modules that comprise the OSI architecture and their associated interface characteristics, and assess the feasibility of integrating RM and ACC capabilities.

RDRTec Inc. 3737 Atwell St. Suite 208 Dallas, TX 75209
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(214) 213-5579 Sidney Theis N111-030 Awarded:4/21/2011
Title:	Optimally Integrate Automated Ship and Small Craft Classification Functions with the Maritime Tactical Picture Tools
Abstract:	A detailed analysis will be accomplished to determine the feasibility of merging the automated ship and small craft classification functions currently under development under separate SBIR Maritime Classification Aids (MCA) efforts with the Ocean Surveillance Initiative (OSI) maritime tactical picture tool.

Creare Inc. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Darin Knaus N111-031 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Autonomous Imaging Ultrasound System for Underwater Inspection of Ship Hulls
Abstract:	Navy requirements have motivated the need for technologies capable of performing detailed scans over large areas of a ship’s hull for hidden defects. Existing technologies for identifying hull defects underwater primarily involve point measurements of the hull thickness. Applying this technique to a large hull, such as an aircraft carrier’s, can be extremely time consuming and has limited effectiveness, potentially leading to significant defects being missed by the inspection. We propose an ultrasound-based imaging approach that will allow for near-100% inspection of the submerged portion of a ship’s hull with a high level of detection accuracy. The imaging system will be mounted on an autonomous vehicle that will move about the ship’s hull collecting ultrasound image data and processing it to generate hull-plate thickness image data over a majority of the submerged surface of the hull. This approach will minimize manpower and turnaround time for inspections, and significantly increase inspection accuracy. In Phase I, we will develop a detailed design concept for our autonomous imaging ultrasound system, and we will prototype and test the core ultrasound components of the system. In Phase II, we will fabricate and test a full prototype system suitable for laboratory testing and future field trials.

Imperium, Inc. 5901-F Ammendale Road Beltsville, MD 20705
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 431-2900 Marvin Lasser N111-031 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Underwater Ultrasound Camera for Real Time Large Area Imaging of Internal Shipboard Pitting
Abstract:	Imperium, and its partner Oceaneering, propose a fast, accurate, reliable, underwater hull inspection system based on Imperium’s unique ultrasound camera technology. The proposed device generates images which are striking for its clarity and simplicity. It is based on a patented 2D ultrasound array with 120 rows by 120 columns of individual piezoelectric elements. The device has performance which far exceeds other ultrasound testing systems. Images over an area, or C-scans, appear in real time. The proposed inspection device has resolution far superior to current underwater hull inspection devices and can detect backside corrosion pits 1/8” in size in hull plates 1” in thickness. The system developed under this program will detect 100% of all corrosion pits greater than 1/8” in size and will announce hull corrosion which is greater than 25% of hull thickness, providing capabilities beyond what was requested. The system will also measure precise hull plate thickness using the integrated A-scan ultrasonic sensor. The program will mitigate risk by leveraging 15 years of development. The PI of this project, Dr. Marvin Lasser, is the former Chief Scientist of the Army and Director of Army Research for 17 years with over 45 years of experience in pioneering camera technology.

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 220-2502 Robert Lacovara N111-031 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Large Area Nondestructive Survey of Steel Aircraft Carrier Hulls
Abstract:	Steel aircraft carrier hulls are subject to a variety of serious corrosion problems. Corrosion and pitting take place on the interior surface of the hull where inspection is difficult or impractical. Additionally, exterior coatings may or may not impede the difficulty of launching acoustic energy in a hull due to steel’s high acoustic impedance compared to sea water. Exterior inspection requires a method capable of operating submerged, and of detecting pitting, thinning, and cracking throughout the hull thickness. Luna proposes an ultrasonic array technique that will be robust in the marine environment and fast enough for a practical survey of an entire hull. Key to the array technique is a signal processing method called time reversal analysis, which uses a stored model of “ideal” returns to emit a reverse-time signal that is very sensitive to defects in the hull under inspection, but tolerant of array alignment. Such an array may reach scan rates of a square meter in 10 seconds: quickly finding suspect regions needing detailed examination. The result will be a complete survey of the hull for pitting, thinning, and cracks, and storage of the hull state data for comparisons with prior and future surveys.

AmplificationTechnologies, Inc. 1400 Coney Island Avenue Brooklyn, NY 11230
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(718) 951-8021 Rafael Ben-Michael N111-032 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Low Light, Short Wave Infrared, Solid State Photodetector
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the feasibility of the breakthrough technology of internal Discrete Amplification to design and develop low light level single photon sensitive short wave infrared photodetector. These short wave infrared photodetectors will have very high gain, ultra low noise, high detection efficiency and low reset time in the spectral range of 1 µm to 2.2 µm. The technology of internal Discrete Amplification allows one to achieve the combination of high speed, very high gain, ultra low noise and continuous operation with no dead time between the biasing pulses. The proposed detectors would have performance parameters significantly superior to those of conventional avalanche photodiodes and photomultiplier tubes, and will be designed to meet the low light level photodetector requirements. The expected performance parameters include greater than 20% photon detection efficiency, reset time of less than 150 ns, gain of 100,000 to 1,000,000 and excess noise factor of less than 1.1. It will also have flexibility in the choice of active area size and shape, including the ability to create multi-element photodetector arrays. These new capabilities could lead to important advances in low light level detection, sensing and tacking applications.

Princeton Lightwave, Inc. 2555 Route 130 South, Suite 1 Cranbury, NJ 08512
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 495-2551 Mark Itzler N111-032 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Single-photon negative feedback APD focal plane array with 2.2 um cutoff wavelength
Abstract:	For this SBIR program, we propose to demonstrate a solid state short-wave infrared (SWIR) detector technology with true single photon sensitivity with a cutoff wavelength of at least 2.2 um suitable for integration into large-format focal plane arrays (FPAs). Array pixel designs will include self-quenching negative feedback avalanche diode (NFAD) structures with demonstrated single photon response consisting of avalanche pulses providing effective gains of 10^5 to 10^6 charges. These NFAD avalanche pulses also provide extremely reproducible quantized charge packets characterized by charge excess noise of ~1.08. Extended wavelength response to 2.2 um will be achieved using a novel Type II superlattice absorber that is lattice-matched to InP. The ability to realize this extended wavelength response with an absorber lattice-matched to InP provides high material quality (i.e., low dark count rate) and facilitates the incorporation of best-in-class device design elements already proven for our InP-based single photon detectors operating in Geiger mode, such as the NFAD structures. This approach also ensures a rapid integration of these novel 2.2 um pixel designs into large-format arrays that leverage our past success in realizing high- performance arrays of Geiger-mode avalanche diodes as large as 128 x 32.

Inovati PO Box 60007 Santa Barbara, CA 93160
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 571-8384 Ralph Tapphorn N111-033 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Fixed and Portable Kinetic Metallization Systems for Dimensional Restoration Repairs
Abstract:	Dimensional restoration repair of salvageable and consumable submarine and shipboard components have the potential to significantly reduce maintenance cost and turn around times for the Navy Fleet Readiness Centers and Intermediate Maintenance Facilities. Trident Trim Pumps used by Naval Undersea Warfare Center provide an opportunity to demonstrate these savings on pump lobes, cones, and motor casing components damaged by corrosion or wear. Kinetic Metallization (KM) is a low temperature impact spray deposition process that enables dimensional restoration repairs without affecting the heat treatment and temper of the parts. The deposition process uses a low-pressure (< 150 psig) sonic nozzle design that provides comparable performance of supersonic high-pressure cold spray systems at a fraction of the cost. Inovati is the sole US manufacturer of fixed and portable KM tools that meet MIL-STD-3021 for restoration repairs of military components. The objective of the proposed research is to investigate and develop conceptual designs and powder feedstock using Kinetic Metallization technology and tools to enable dimensional restoration repairs of the Trident Trim Pump components as well as and other high value submarine and shipboard components.

Technology Applications Group, Inc. 810 S. 48th St. Grand Forks, ND 58201
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(701) 746-1818 William Gorman N111-033 Awarded:8/16/2011
Title:	Supersonic Cold Spray Repair System
Abstract:	Abstract: This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will evaluate the feasibility of using Supersonic Cold Spray (SCS) technology to repair consumable submarine and surface ship components such as pump lodes, impellers, cones, and motor casings. These units are made from red brass or bronze materials and are very expensive and past history has shown that these units cannot be repaired by conventional means. As a consequence, the Navy is forced to return to the foundries for new castings. Dealing with these vendors has been difficult. Common complaints include:• Tooling is hard to get• Cost of castings is extremely expensive in small quantities. Some foundries often "no quote" small quantity orders• Vendors increase prices to unreasonable levels for replacement parts• Lead times are often very long, in some cases up to 48 weeksTechnology Applications Group, Inc. (TAG) and team members proposes to develop novel cold spray repair techniques (fixed and portable) for the repair of these critical parts at on-shore and on-ship repair facilities. A systems approach using supersonic cold spray (SCS) repair technology will help fulfill this need by providing a method for salvaging parts, reducing high casting scrap rates and OEM schedule delays. Initial work will revolve around the use of red brass and bronze powder in a SCS system to restore dimensional loss, corrosion pitting and wear erosion areas. Additionally, TAG proposes to use SCS in order to deposit a surface layer created from custom alloys that are far more resistant to the types of wear the Navy sees on its pump components. The technology is currently available to apply much more corrosion and erosion resistant materials to a metal substrate if situation calls for it. Alternate coatings may be a better long term, cost effective solution for the Navy and allow this proposal to present an innovative solution to the current problem. This proposal will not only try to help Navy personnel repair their priming pump parts but make them last far beyond the existing service life that they see in the real world. Lastly, TAG and its team members will evaluate the feasibility of a multi-use SCS systems capable of fixed and portable repairs and develop a conceptual design.

Arkansas Power Electronics International, Inc. 535 W. Research Center Blvd., Suite 209 Fayetteville, AR 72701
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(479) 443-5759 Brandon Passmore N111-034 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Development of a high performance, cost effective GaN power amplifier packaging for transmit/receive modules
Abstract:	The basic building block for phased array radar systems is based on a transmit/receive module containing MMICs for control and amplification of both transmit and receive paths. The cost, performance, and reliability of these modules have been plagued due to limitations in power amplifier packaging designs. Currently, a cavity-mount approach is utilized that minimizes parasitics and reduces thermal resistance from the power amplifier to cold plate using a heat spreader insert. However, the materials and attach methods involved in this package are costly and limit the performance of each power amplifier. In this proposal, APEI, Inc. will leverage its previous research expertise to develop a high performance GaN power amplifier package consisting of low cost heat spreader and die attach materials. In addition, a new packaging scheme is proposed that can potentially reduce the junction temperature by one-third compared to current packaging techniques.

Omega Micro Technologies, Inc. 3495 Kent Avenue, Suite M100 West Lafayette, IN 47906
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(765) 775-1011 Jacob Smelser N111-034 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	High Thermal Performance Gallium Nitride Power Amplifier and Transmit/Receive Module Packaging
Abstract:	The development of Wide Bandgap Semiconductors such as GaN has enabled tremendous improvements in power amplifier performance such as operational frequency and output power. These device improvements have in turn enabled performance and capability improvements in the end applications such as EW systems and radar T/R modules. The advances in device technology have not come without their own set of limitations which must yet be overcome. One issue that plagues equipment designers is the need for improved thermal efficiency which is exacerbated by the continuing requirement for smaller equipment footprints combined with increased functionality. While the development of ceramic multi- layer technologies has allowed smaller footprints to be realized through embedded circuitry and denser packaging, the thermal conductivity of such packages has not kept pace with the device technology itself. With the increased power densities expected from newer device technologies, a new method of multi-layer packaging is proposed which will take into account not just the substrate itself, but also the final package into which the modules will be mounted, the newer material sets available, and the manufacturing processes required all the way from initial substrate fabrication through final module assembly.

MaXentric Technologies LLC 2071 Lemoine Avenue Suite 302 Fort Lee, NJ 07024
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 272-8800 Donald Kimball N111-035 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	High Performance Cost Effective Circulators/Isolators
Abstract:	As the demand for wideband electronic warfare systems and S to X band radar for Navy’s shipboard applications grows, it becomes more important to create innovative and cost effective high performance circulators/isolators to isolate the power amplifier from load impedance variations and to allow the temporal overlap of sent and received pulses for more advanced radar operations. Maxentric proposes a passive ferromagnetic circulator design with composite materials. Along with a partial-empirical approach to the design in Phase I, this circulator will support the wide instantaneous bandwidth operation with low insertion loss.

TeraSys Technologies LLC 2800 Woodlawn Drive Suite 198 Honolulu, HI 96822
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(808) 469-4257 Kevin Miyashiro N111-035 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Low Cost Wideband Quasi Circulator MMIC
Abstract:	We propose to develop a wideband 2-12GHz Quasi Circulator Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuit (MMIC) that is less than 40% of the cost of conventional circulators. The Phase I effort will perform the preliminary design of the Quasi Circulator.

Bay Materials, LLC 3700 Haven Court Menlo Park, CA 94025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 566-0800 Ray Stewart N111-036 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Advanced Anodes for Corrosion Control Systems for Complex Geometries
Abstract:	Polymeric Nano-composite anode materials for use in impressed current cathodic protection systems will be developed using novel carbon composite materials that are capable of high current densities, exhibit increased chemical resistance and can be formed into varied custom shapes to simply installation and improve protection of naval vessels and offshore structures.

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 220-2517 Rob Klein N111-036 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Advanced Anodes for Corrosion Control Systems for Complex Geometries
Abstract:	Ocean vessels require cathodic protection of their hulls, tanks, and flooded spaces to prevent corrosion at coating defects. Impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) systems may be used in place of sacrificial anodes, especially for hard-to-repair locations and improved electromagnetic signature control. Current ICCP anodes, although highly efficient, have poor mechanical durability and are frequently damaged during unexpected impact loads. The Luna team proposes to develop new ICCP anode materials that will offer robust mechanical properties in addition to highly efficient electrical and electrochemical performance. Such anode materials will have the capability to withstand unexpected impact loads with minimal damage. The proposed Phase I would include design, modeling, fabrication, and evaluation of improved ICCP anode materials by applying metrics for fracture toughness, current and voltage carrying capacity, electrochemical stability, service life predictions, and others. Phase II would involve further prototype fabrication and begin the process of commercial scale-up and validation.

Architecture Technology Corporation 9977 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 829-5864 Benjamin Burnett N111-037 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Multiple Interface Modeling and Simulation Application (MIMoSA)
Abstract:	Combat systems consist of a diverse mix of sensors, weapons, control systems, and display subsystems operating in a federated fashion. Typically, subsystems maintain high fidelity synthetic simulations for their sensor level interfaces; however, simulations of control system and weapon system interfaces for test, certification and training are of limited fidelity, allowing for syntactic, semantic, and timing mismatches. In addition, existing tools for modeling and simulating these interfaces are difficult to use, are too broad in scope, and require lengthy development times. Architecture Technology Corporation will develop the Multiple Interface Modeling and Simulation Application (MIMoSA), which uses high level architecture (HLA) to provide high-fidelity interface modeling and simulation capabilities to developers of Navy combat systems. MIMoSA captures interfaces between platform combat system elements, creates object code for federate models, and uses a program called the Sequencer to automatically feed synchronous and asynchronous communication data to an HLA simulation which can validate interface transactions. The functionality developed will allow developers to test the semantics and syntax of communications between federates, to employ effectively and efficiently user-defined algorithms for federate interaction, to support synchronization with other simulations, and to prevent changes and additions from impacting simulation fidelity.

Innovative Defense Technologies 4401 Wilson Boulevard Suite 810 Arlington, VA 22203
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 807-0055 Bernie Gauf N111-037 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Modeling and Simulation Technologies Development for Combat System Integration and Certification
Abstract:	The Navy’s systems today are largely software based and growing in complexity. However, despite the advances in development practices and tools, the goals of accelerating the rate at which systems can be delivered and reducing their costs cannot be met by simply writing software faster without comparable improvement in the practices and tools for modeling, simulation, and testing the software. Current simulation capabilities to support combat system integration and testing often are very limited especially for control and weapon’s system interfaces. As a result, tests are constrained to simple verification that if a message is properly populated and sent at an expected message rate in an expected sequence, the system under test responds as expected. The simulation capabilities often are also hard to keep up to date and as a result fall behind changes made to the tactical system. The ability to provide a robust simulation capability will provide key technology that is necessary to support the Navy’s desire to deliver capability to the Fleet at a faster pace within a fiscally challenged environment.

Agiltron Corporation 15 Presidential Way Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Thomas Curl N111-038 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Low Cost, High Reliability Proximity Switches
Abstract:	We propose to produce a new family of compensated Doppler-effect Ultrasonic proximity switches. Our design will utilize all COTS sub-components to deliver a product with very low cost and high reliability. It incorporates EMI shielding, optoelectronic isolation, and hermetic encapsulation, our advanced non-contact proximity sensor is designed to operate in harsh and corrosive maritime environments. This sensor will be reconfigurable as a drop-in replacement for existing 2-wire legacy hardware, as well as higher functionality for application specification. This approach is closely coupled with our recent progress in acoustic sensors and signal processing technology, enabling us to push the sensor performance well beyond the current state-of-the-art. In the Phase I, we will demonstrate this high reliability proximity switch functionality and form factor that are well suited for easy replacement of the old version of Navy limit switches. In the Phase II, we will perform full MIL- spec qualification and design optimization iterations for a wide variety of configurations and sizes, and the final products having utility for the numerous applications will be produced for delivery.

BHTechnology, LLC 400 Rella Blvd suite 110 Suffern, NY 10901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(845) 369-6324 Aron Kain N111-038 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Low Cost, High Reliability Proximity Switches
Abstract:	a novel family of proximity switchs is proposed based on EM technology field perturbation.This technology enables the proximity switch to be low cost, light weight, highly accurate and meets all MIL_PRF_24711B requirements. The prposed switch can be used in new NAVY vessel design as well as retrofit for end-of-life mechanical limit switches.

Bennett Aerospace, Inc. 2054 Kildaire Farm Road #181 Cary, NC 27518
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(919) 859-5454 Douglas Bennett N111-039 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	High Throughput, Waveguide Based, Non-Mechanical Laser Beam Steering
Abstract:	Bennett Aerospace proposes to develop a wide-angle, polarization-grating-based, laser beam steering module for non-mechanical and highly efficient laser beam steering applications such as sensing, detecting, and imaging. Our approach will allow a laser beam to be steered from its source to its target quickly, efficiently, precisely, with a minimum amount of hardware and with high mechanical stability.

Vescent Photonics 4865 E. 41st Ave Denver, CO 80216
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 296-6766 Scott Davis N111-039 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Waveguide Based Laser Beamsteerers: A Simple, Low Cost and Low SWaP Solution to a Long-Standing Problem
Abstract:	Vescent Photonics proposes to develop new electro-optic (non-mechanical) laser scanners with extremely low cost and Size, Weight, and Power (SWaP), thereby enabling use on a variety of previously inaccessible platforms (e.g., soldier mounted, UAV/MAV, UGV, micromunitions, and more). The Vescent EO scanner provides previously unrealizable performance such as sub-millisecond scanning, high resolution (sub microradian) refractive scanning, full 2-D operation with only three control electrodes, and a remarkably wide field of view (270 degrees demonstrated). The focus of this SBIR program is to mature and transition this EO scanner technology for a wide array of Navy and DoD needs. Specific goals include the development of new manufacturing processes that reliably produce high throughput (>80%), low beam distortion (M2 < 1.5) on cm sized apertures (a round 1 cm beam input and output), low cost, wide-angle (>50o), and low SWaP scanners. In phase I we will experimentally validate new manufacturing processes for high yield production of devices with the required performance attributes. We will also deliver, at the end of phase I, a prototype EO scanner system. In phase II we will increase the TRL and demonstrate EO scanner operation in a relevant military environment.

SI2 Technologies 267 Boston Road North Billerica, MA 01862
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 495-5300 Thomas Goodwin N111-040 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Wide Band, High Performance Low Cost Array Antenna (1000-185)
Abstract:	SI2 Technologies proposes to leverage its experience in the design of broadband, low profile array antennas to develop a wide band, high performance, low cost array to operate from S band through X band for Navy shipboard radar, electronic warfare (EW), and communications systems. SI2’s proposed array is based on proven technology, and will exhibit high efficiency, excellent pattern stability and polarization purity across the entire operating band, and lightweight construction. The printed circuit board (PCB) based fabrication lends itself to low cost manufacturing, and the modular architecture enables ease of maintenance and repair to reduce life cycle costs. In Phase I, SI2 will design and simulate the array to validate the proof-of-concept. In the Phase I Option, we will fabricate and test a demonstrator array. In Phase II, SI2 will build on lessons learned in Phase I to improve the design and fabricate a large scale prototype for system level test and evaluation.

Wang Electro-Opto Corporation 2140 Newmarket Parkway Suite 120 Marietta, GA 30067
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(770) 955-9311 J. H. N111-040 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Wide Bandwidth, High Performance Cost Effective Antenna Elements
Abstract:	Antenna elements are a key part of any phased array antenna system. The development of cost effective, high performance array antenna elements is challenging for wide bandwidth and broad scan angles. Wang Electro-Opto Corporation (WEO), teamed up with the Ohio State University (OSU), proposes to develop linear-polarized antenna elements covering S- Band through X-Band for high power radar applications with up to 100 watts per element. The technical approach will be based on the general technical approach that WEO and OSU have taken in a joint research effort for a wideband phased array with scan angle of 60 degrees for a radar application. It was noted that the design approach has potential to achieve an instantaneous bandwidth of 2.8-12.8 GHz. In Phase-I, the WEO-OSU team will expand the potential bandwidth to 2.0-12.0 GHz, fully covering S through X bands. A small planar array based on such element antenna will be designed, fabricated, and tested to demonstrate feasibility of the proposed approach adequate for Phase-II development. The proposed technology solution should have low acquisition and life-cycle costs and reliable operation in Navy shipboard applications.

Adaptive Methods, Inc 5860 Trinity Parkway Suite 200 Centreville, VA 20120
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 840-9722 Walt Allensworth N111-041 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Strike Group Active Sonar Exploitation
Abstract:	AN/SQQ-89 surface combatant active processing does not currently leverage echoes from off-board sources, such as other combatants in the strike group or transmissions from other systems. Leveraging active emissions bi-statically can improve Q-89 ASW capabilities in high-interest scenarios. Alternately, ships could retain current performance while reducing the amount of acoustic energy they emit, reducing the potential environmental impact. Combining additional bi-static detection opportunities with existing mono-static active returns should lead to faster time to detect, improved detection, longer detection ranges, longer holding times, and improved tracking performance. The primary focus of this SBIR proposal will be on initially leveraging bi-static Q-89 active transmissions for enhanced active ASW operation. Requirements and a concept of operation for AN/SQQ-89 bi-static processing are proposed for development. Example high payoff bi-static acoustic detection scenarios are discussed, and proposed for further development and performance evaluation. Addition acoustic processing functionality required for bi-static processing is identified, and a performance evaluation is discussed.

Sedna Digital Solutions, LLC 10611 Balls Ford Rd., Suite 300 Manassas, VA 20109
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 530-5400 Mike Butler N111-041 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Strike Group Active Sonar Exploitation
Abstract:	The Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) capabilities of surface combatants, often operating in carrier or expeditionary strike groups, rely heavily on active sonar for detection due to the quieting of adversary submarines. These combatants have full knowledge of their own transmissions however; they employ monostatic sonar with communication links and advanced planning in an attempt to avoid mutual interference issues.Sedna and Alion propose an investigation into approaches for a Navy strike group multistatic active processing concept designed to exploit state-of-the-art data exchange, waveform design, and multi-source transmissions. Inherent in this proposal is the use of current continuous waveform transmissions as well as legacy pulsed transmissions. We propose the use of a common time standard within the Strike Group to support a highly accurate multistatic processing scheme. We propose to modify the sonar transmission itself, pulsed or continuous, to provide time of transmission on a periodic basis. Furthermore, we address situations of degraded or non-functional communications.

Progeny Systems Corporation 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 359-4566 Dave Baird N111-042 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Improved Accelerated Life Testing
Abstract:	Recent Navy research has indicated that the Accelerated Life Testing (ALT) protocols have in some cases overestimated accelerated aging by a factor of ten, meaning that a component may fail in two years rather than the twenty years certified. This topic involves an investigation of the accuracy of the accelerated life testing protocols for CD resistance utilized by the Navy acquisition community for first article testing of a wide variety of naval hardware. The research will include the investigation of new ideas for CD accelerated life testing protocols, and possible CD mitigation strategies and techniques and determine the effectiveness of new approaches for combating CD.

Texas Research Institute Austin, Inc. 9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 263-2101 Rock Rushing N111-042 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Improved Accelerated Life Testing
Abstract:	The Navy spends $10 to 100 million per year on unexpected and premature failures of outboard equipment due to cathodic delamination of rubber-to-metal bonds on electrical cable connectors, sonar transducers and hydrophones and other hardware. The Navy has identified deficiencies in qualification testing, including accelerated aging, that require improvement to prevent unreliable materials and equipment from being approved for use in the Fleet on submarines, surface ships, towed and static emplacement hydrophone arrays and minehunting systems. Specific deficiencies in accelerated life testing (ALT) have been identified with the misapplication of, or assumed, activation energies and inadequate control of laboratory test plans’ applications and control of dissolved oxygen, unrealistic corrosion by-products, temperature and impressed cathodic potentials. Therefore, a proposed work effort is offered to develop an Improved Navy ALT Method that will provide protocols for defining activation energies on empirical measurements and will specify acceptable methods for controlling laboratory ALT exposures. Advancements in cathodic delamination prevention are also needed and will be developed and commercialized.

IngeniumTechnologies Corp. 4216 Maray Drive Rockford, IL 61107
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(815) 399-8803 Mike Schneider N111-043 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Development of an Advanced Severe Service Valve Actuator
Abstract:	A development program is proposed to address failures experienced on Navy actuators exposed to severe vibration levels. A failure investigation and root cause analysis will be performed to help determine the best approach to improving the design. New design concepts will be built and actual vibration tests will be performed using a Curtiss Wright actuator assembly. Ingenium will leverage experience gained on previous actuator programs, motor controller developments, and funded fiber optic developments.

Tri-Tec Manufacturing, LLC 6915 S. 234th St Kent, WA 98032
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(425) 251-8777 Richard Cordray N111-043 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Development of an Advanced Severe Service Valve Actuator
Abstract:	The objective of this project is to define and develop a concept for an electric actuator for high vibration service on valves on US Navy ships. Electric valve actuators for US Navy surface combatants are required to meet the requirements of DOD-V-24657(SH), including the MIL-STD-167-1 vibration requirements. Generally, vibrations aboard ships fall within these requirements, but on CVN 77, it has been discovered that valve actuators used on and around drainage eductors experience vibrations greatly exceeding MIL-STD-167-1 both in amplitude and frequency. In Phase I, Tri-Tec, a manufacturer of valve actuators for US Navy ships including CVN 77, proposes to identify sources of vibration induced failure by running simulations on 3-D solid models and performing physical testing on components and assemblies of its model CE valve actuator. This information will be used in a potential Phase II project to design, build, and test a robust valve actuator with demonstrated resistance to high vibration environments.

Daniel H. Wagner, Associates, Incorporated 559 West Uwchlan Avenue Suite 140 Exton, PA 19341
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 727-7700 Carl Mauro N111-044 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Coordinated ASW Mission Planner (CAMP)
Abstract:	In this project Wagner Associates, with DDL OMNI as a subcontractor, will develop a Coordinated ASW Mission Planner (CAMP) to support and maximize the effectiveness of current and emerging multi-platform, multi-sensor ASW operations. The overall objective of this project is to develop an advanced ASW mission planning system for heterogeneous manned platforms and UVs that utilizes innovative search optimization techniques and algorithms to generate coordinated, jointly optimized search plans. In this project we will leverage our extensive prior work developing virtually all of the U.S. Navy’s systems that have or are being used operationally for optimally allocating ASW search resources and generating search paths, and in particular our previous development of the Operational Route Planner (ORP) and the MH-60R Acoustic Mission Planner (AMP).

Quantum Leap Innovations, Inc. 3 Innovation Way Suite 100 Newark, DE 19711
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(302) 894-8040 Ganesh Vaidyanathan N111-044 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Coordinated Asset Allocation and Route Planning for Anti-Submarine Warfare
Abstract:	Existing Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) mission planners can specify patrol regions for available sensor platforms and provide detailed, coordinated search tracks for each platform. However, most of the planners have not considered any real-time sensor information feedback during optimization and cannot support dynamic re-planning. To better support ASW in a dynamic and uncertain environment, Quantum Leap Innovations, Inc. (QLI) will collaborate with Professor Stephen Smith at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) and Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) to develop a novel two stage sequential mission planning framework for coordinated asset allocation and route planning. In Phase I, we will leverage our extensive experience in various, successful mission planning applications for manned/unmanned systems and investigate approximate algorithms for real- time asset allocation and route planning in ASW. We will develop a simulation testbed for multiple manned/unmanned platforms and evaluate the effectiveness of coordinated search tactics using simulations. In the Phase I option, we will study many actual factors for multi- sensor coordinated search in ASW, such as variable size of sensing field of view, environment-dependent sensor models and communication connectivity.

Adaptive Methods, Inc 5860 Trinity Parkway Suite 200 Centreville, VA 20120
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 968-8040 Clive Butler N111-045 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Visualization Framework for Navy Tactical Applications
Abstract:	Current tactical display applications, while adequately providing operator tools needed to assess the data and gain an awareness of the tactical situation, have not achieved seamless integration of decision aides in a cohesive geographic presentation. Specifically, systems suffer from the too many geos syndrome whereby operators are able to view geographic presentations but are unable to get the visual content they want together on a single geo display surface. These federated environments attempt to achieve integration and consistency of multiple geographic display subsystems using a static allocation of display space to individual applications (via a combination of window tiling and control of the visibility state of application windows. The primary technical issue is one of combining the visual content and user interfaces of separately developed software into an integrated product that makes efficient use of display space. The focus of this proposal is on solving this issue using integration within a single application instance. This proposal seeks to design and develop a flexible cross-platform Java-based GIS application framework. The framework is designed to allow a deliverable application to be constructed from a core application supplied by the framework, supplemented by dynamically loaded content and functionality provided by one or more development teams. The primary field of use is for tactical geographic based displays requiring rapid and frequent content updates.

Progeny Systems Corporation 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 368-6107 Tom Burns N111-045 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Visualization Framework for Navy Tactical Applications
Abstract:	Existing tactical displays attempt to achieve integration and consistency of multiple display subsystems using a static allocation of display space. This type of approach has a number of drawbacks preventing achievement of the goal of a common tactical picture. Our approach is the Geo-Visualization Framework – Tactical (GVF-T), a visualization framework built to support rapid production of highly integrated, intuitive, and unified geospatial tactical control displays comprising tactical components from multiple suppliers. At the foundation of the GVF-T is the Geo-Service Bus (GSB) which provides the application integration capabilities by leveraging existing, mature standards provided by enterprise service bus (ESB) technology. The GSB provides the fabric connecting tactical applications with the system GIS display. Additionally, it provides a mechanism by which tactical applications can communicate amongst themselves. The GVF-T provides an open, pluggable interface by which GIS applications such as C/JMTK, NASA’s World Wind, and others may be integrated to provide the GIS interface to tactical system operators. This GIS interface combined with the GSB communication backbone provides an integrated display application framework for Navy tactical applications.

Adaptive Methods, Inc 5860 Trinity Parkway Suite 200 Centreville, VA 20120
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(301) 840-9722 Walt Allensworth N111-046 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Very High Frequency Volumetric Acoustic Array
Abstract:	The Navy has a need for a high-resolution, high-gain acoustic array that will allow them to make special acoustic measurements of full and model scale submarines. Volumetric arrays such as the High Gain array used on the Hayes for NSWC-CD source localization and the Twisted Bi-Cone array developed for SEAFAC have been used in the past, but are limited in terms of sensitivity, directivity, noise floor, and detection frequencies. Further, they are problematic in terms of physical construction; it is difficult or impossible to pack hydrophones densely enough to achieve the solicitation requirements. In this proposal alternate acoustic array configurations are discussed. Potential solutions are considered, including a planar or near-planar circular array comprising linearly tapered lines of hydrophones. Such a solution allows high gain and high-resolution, while greatly minimizing the quantity of hydrophones in comparison to a cylindrically symmetrical volumetric array. The proposal discusses tools at the offerer’s disposal that will facilitate array design and enable accurate modeling of proposed designs to verify specification compliance. Also discussed are various design challenges such as the physical construction of the array, signal conditioning, and data throughput and storage constraints.

Applied Physical Sciences Corp. 475 Bridge Street Suite 100 Groton, CT 06340
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 448-3253 Jason Rudzinsky N111-046 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Very High Frequency Volumetric Acoustic Array
Abstract:	Navy acoustic research and test laboratories, such as those at the Acoustic Research Detachment (ARD) and the Southeast Alaska Acoustic Measurement Facility (SEAFAC), use large, high gain hydrophone arrays to measure and characterize the radiated acoustic signatures of full scale and small scale submarines. Existing arrays have primarily been designed for low to mid frequency measurements (e.g., below 10 kHz). This SBIR topic seeks development of a “very high frequency” (VHF) high gain acoustic array which would eventually be integrated into the permanent test infrastructures at facilities such as ARD and SEAFAC. APS proposes development of a VHF High Gain Array (VHGA) that is intended to provide high gain and precision resolution in low ambient noise environments and that will maintain performance over extended deployments. The proposed VHGA uses a conical baffle with variable sensor spacing to meet the high array gain requirements of the system over the 10 – 80 kHz band of operation. APS proposes development of custom transducers and electronics with extremely low electronic noise to allow the array to be ambient limited even in low noise environments.

Hy-Tek Manufacturing Co. Inc. 1998 Bucktail Lane Sugar Grove, IL 60554
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(630) 466-7664 John Jude N111-047 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	High Load Roller Bearing (HLRB)
Abstract:	The High Load Roller Bearing (HLRB) roller for severe service offers a zero-maintenance reliable replacement for bearing sets currently utilized on DDG-51 helicopter bay hanger doors. Enhanced seal design prevents the ingress of liquids and particulates even under extreme environmental conditions and extreme off axis loading. Intended as a direct replacement, modifications to ship doors or structures will not be required. By utilizing advanced materials, coatings and manufacturing processes in concert with field proven designs, the HLRB yields a unique solution applicable for the shipboard use and a host of future high endurance applications. The High Load Roller Bearing (HLRB) roller for severe service offers a zero-maintenance reliable replacement for bearing sets currently utilized on DDG-51 helicopter bay hanger doors. Enhanced seal design prevents the ingress of liquids and particulates even under extreme environmental conditions and extreme off axis loading. Intended as a direct replacement, modifications to ship doors or structures will not be required. By utilizing advanced materials, coatings and manufacturing processes in concert with field proven designs, the HLRB yields a unique solution applicable for the shipboard use and a host of future high endurance applications.

TRITON SYSTEMS, INC. 200 TURNPIKE ROAD Chelmsford, MA 01824
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 250-4200 Tyson Lawrence N111-047 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Robust Innovative Roller Bearing(1001-672)
Abstract:	In response to Navy SBIR solicitation N111-047 Innovative Alternatives to Roller Bearing Design Solutions, Triton Systems, Inc. proposes to develop an improved roller bearing design that will enable increased service life and reduced life-cycle cost for the DDG helicopter hanger door. The roller guide bearing currently used on the DDG helicopter hangar door is failing prematurely due to high loading, grit contamination, and corrosion. The proposed solution will be more mechanically robust and be able to better withstand environmental operating conditions to achieve an increased service life of over 4,800 cycles, minimum maintenance, and reduced life-cycle cost.

Computational Mechanics Inc 25 Bridge Street Billerica, MA 01821
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 667-5841 Tom Curtin N111-048 Awarded:8/16/2011
Title:	Coating Health Sensor System and Service Life Model
Abstract:	Computational Mechanics Inc. (CMI) will develop a paint coating condition or "health" monitoring system that can signal without tank entry by an inspector when a coating actually needs possible repair. It will also provide diagnostic assistance in assessing with a high degree of confidence whether or not a coating needs to be replaced through the use of a service life prediction model.The coating sensor can be considered as an enhanced CP system as it will be developed based on the typical components used in a cathodic protection system combined with software simulation technology to provide a “smart” system to identify the current state of the coating system and to forward predict its condition over the life of the vessel. A key innovation will be the integration with the simulation model as this will enable the system to automatically extract and interpret information about the condition of the coating.The simulation model will be based upon similar technology to that used in the BEASY Corrosion and CP software which has been widely used to model Galvanic Corrosion and Cathodic Protection systems. The models are based on Boundary and Finite Element Technology to model the IR drop and electric fields in the electrolyte, models of the electrode kinetics on the metal surfaces and coating degradation models. A key feature of the proposed technology is that results suggest that good predictions of the overall coating condition can be achieved even if the open circuit corrosion potential is unknown, the polarization curve is non-linear and unknown and there are unknown reference electrodes offsets. Therefore the usual detailed inputs into a model are not required.The coating degradation model will provide data on the performance of the coating at a particular location at the time the measurements are made. It will also use historical data to predict how the degradation is expected to change over the service life to provide data for maintenance planning.

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 220-0148 Fritz Friedersdorf N111-048 Awarded:8/16/2011
Title:	Low Cost Autonomous Coating Condition Monitoring System
Abstract:	Carbon steel tanks and enclosures within Navy submarines and ships are protected by a combination of coatings and cathodic protection systems. Tanks and enclosures were named as the top corrosion expense on Navy vessels, accounting for $204 million annually in direct costs. To address this issue, Luna proposes to develop a reliable, long service life and low cost coating health monitoring system that can be easily installed, accessed outside the tank and that senses and stores cumulative measurements of coating degradation. The health monitoring system will provide shipboard personnel and maintainers with a direct pass/fail measurement of coating condition and estimated remaining service life. The monitoring system will be based on Luna’s line of ultralow power sensor systems used for structural health monitoring and equipment diagnostics. A network of sensor nodes for monitoring environmental conditions and electrochemical properties of the coating, substrate and cathodic protection system will provide for large area monitoring, and an artificial intelligence algorithm will be established to output pass/fail coating condition, location and extent of coating degradation and quantify level of cathodic protection.

Tanner Research, Inc. 825 S. Myrtle Ave. Monrovia, CA 91016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(626) 471-9700 Prakash Koonath N111-048 Awarded:8/18/2011
Title:	Coating Health Monitor System with Fiber Optic Sensors
Abstract:	Coatings that protect the corrosion of critical infrastructure face harsh aggressive environments that lead to their degradation and failure. Monitors that can effectively assess the health of paint coatings on critical structures should provide valuable continuous information on the current state of the coating. As coatings undergo various stages of degradation, information on successive stages of this process is imperative to provide a complete picture of the coating health. Tanner Research proposes a method based on environmentally-stable, fiber optic sensors to monitor degradation mechanisms both at the microscopic as well as the macroscopic level in the coating, thereby providing a complete assessment of the coating decay. At the microscopic level, near infrared (NIR) spectral signatures of precursor chemical species and products of coating degradation will be monitored. Macroscopic degradations such as blistering and delamination will be sensed by bending induced transmission losses in the fiber. Together, these provide a complete description of the current health of the coating. In Phase I of this effort, we will demonstrate the feasibiliy of a fiber optic sensor embedded inside the coating matrix to provide information relevant to and correlated with coating degradation. Optical signatures that correspond to coating degradation will be identified and monitored using the fiber optic sensor.

Dominca, LLC 12111 Ranchitos Road, NE Albuquerque, NM 87122
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 822-0005 Nancy Winfree N111-049 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Method to Eliminate Unwanted High Frequency Signals above 2 KHz from Accelerometers
Abstract:	Using predictive tools developed in previous work, Dominca will design, build, and test layered-media filters to reduce the transmission of 2 kHz and higher frequencies into accelerometers that are used in explosive and impact events. The size of these external filters will be kept small by incorporating low-wave speed materials and viscoelastic materials. We will use impact testing in our facility to demonstrate the feasibility of the filters. Relying on theory to design the filters, we are largely able to avoid trial and error.

Adaptive Methods, Inc 5860 Trinity Parkway Suite 200 Centreville, VA 20120
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 439-1871 Jim Nuttall N111-050 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	A Lightweight, Flexible, Scalable Approach to Trainer Systems
Abstract:	Over the last decade developments in ASW sensor systems has greatly increased the number and types of the sensor deployed thus increasing the volume of data by orders of magnitude that is required to be simulated by a trainer system. Traditional training systems suffer severe scaling limitations, as they grow to address a multiplicity of simulated targets, simulated environments and simulated sensors. Attempts to federate moderate-scale simulators to solve the scaling problem have met with limited success, despite extensive investmentNew approaches are needed to allow trainer environments to easily grow with the systems they are supporting.. The techniques listed in this proposal addresses fundamental architectural issues which have long limited progress of keeping the trainers in- sync with the advancing systems they support.

JRM Enterprises, Inc. 4820 Southpoint Drive, Suite 203 Fredericksburg, VA 22407
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 786-0608 Chris Fink N111-050 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	A Lightweight, Flexible, Scalable Approach to Trainer Systems
Abstract:	JRM and VT MÄK propose an innovative, high-performance approach to the modeling and simulation of remote sensing platforms like the MH60, their respective full-spectrum sensors, and associated navy tactical data links. that is platform-independent, scaleable, and provides for physics-based high-fidelity. Leveraging JRM’s proven Target Acquisition Agent federate technology, and Mak’s tactical, visualization, and networking components, this approach will be demonstrated in the Phase I to provide platform-independence, scalability, and high-fidelity physics-based sensor simulation and acquisition assessment, and will yield a corresponding design for Phase II implementation using modern track management services. Using networked HLA federates, this architecture will allow sensor tier elements to be added and operated independently of the scenario control elements which define the common environment. Metrics will be developed which assess how well this new data model and architecture minimizes the complexity and cross-domain coupling typically associated with updated/new sensors and sensor capabilities, and integration of the architecture with existing and upcoming tactical data links will be addressed. Finally, as an option, JRM and VT MÄK will demonstrate a prototype of the proposed architecture, involving multiple realistic scenario and sensor control elements.

Adaptive Methods, Inc 5860 Trinity Parkway Suite 200 Centreville, VA 20120
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 968-8040 Oscar Gutierrez N111-051 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Improved Towed Array Localization for Active Systems
Abstract:	The Surface Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) community has been focused on improving active processing in recent years. The introduction of the Multi-Function Towed Array (MFTA) provides the fleet with an advanced passive and active receive system. This bi-static system has many advantages to the conventional mono-static design but also presents many challenges. Accurate array heading and position estimates of the receive aperture are required for the localization of active returns. Large tow-ship maneuvers produce distortions in the array that can impact performance if not properly accounted for. Wind and currents can also alter the shape, position and orientation of the array. Heading sensors are the primary technology used in determining orientation and shape of a towed array. However, the accuracy and reliability of these sensors are often poor requiring additional technologies to overcome the deficiency. This proposal introduces technologies to help improve the localization of acoustic echoes for towed array sonars. The primary area of research involves the exploitation of active sources from the tow-ship to help localize the array. The approach is complementary to existing shape and localization algorithms being used in the fleet today and attempts to improve overall system performance and ASW mission effectiveness.

RobTre Research, L.L.C. 58 Crystal Canyon Drive Carbondale, CO 81623
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 905-2439 Richard Pitre N111-051 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Improved Towed Array Localization for Active Systems
Abstract:	RobTre Research proposes to develop an algorithm that reduces severity and duration of blurred focus and the associated reduction in visibility and detectability ranges caused by tow ship maneuvering. It also improves left-right disambiguation during straight line towing. The proposed approach is a robust automated real-time array shape estimation algorithm that uses acoustic data inversion in combination with available information from shape measurement instrumentation such as heading sensors. The algorithm integrates as a natural augmentation of existing linear space-time correlation processors.

Microwave Packaging Technology, Inc. 2601 Saturn Street Suite 100 Brea, CA 92821
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 980-3030 Rick Sturdivant N111-052 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	High Power Monolithic Microwave Limiters
Abstract:	Limiters are an important component in military phased array systems. They protect the LNA from damage caused by high power signals present at its input. MPT proposes the development of a MMIC limiter that will have bandwidth from 1-20GHz and handle 100W of input power.

Nuvotronics LLC 7586 Old Peppers Ferry Loop Radford, VA 24141
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(800) 341-2333 Steve Huettner N111-052 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	High Power Monolithic Microwave Limiters
Abstract:	Microwave limiters are key components in active electronically scanned phased arrays, as well as mechanically-scanned radar systems. In current systems there are two fabrication technologies for microwave limiters: hybrid microcircuits, and monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs). Nuvotronics proposes a third way which captures the manufacturing and response-speed advantages of a monolithic approach, while leveraging unique advantages of the PolyStrataTM platform to provide RF performance better than existing hybrid silicon PIN diode limiters. The developed limiter will be suitable for high- volume fabrication, with minimum touch labor content, reducing cost by 50% compared to existing limiters.

Hi-Test Laboratories, Inc P.O. Box 87 1104 Arvon Rd. Arvonia, VA 23004
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 607-5422 William Gregory N111-053 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Structural Health Monitoring of Submersible Navy Composites
Abstract:	The use of composite structural elements continues to expand across Naval Surface Ship and Submarine shipbuilding programs as advancements in design/analysis and research provide viable alternatives to current baseline material systems. To support life-cycle implications of using composites in a US Navy Submarine application, this proposal supports the initial Phase I development of a Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system capable of detecting and characterizing damage in submersible composite non-pressure hull components. SHM is the scientific process of non-destructively identifying four characteristics related to the fitness of a structural system: (a) the operational and environmental loads that act on the structure; (b) the structural damage that is caused by that loading; (c) the growth of damage as the structure continues to be subjected to operational and environmental loads; and (d) the future performance of the structure as damage accumulates. This proposal assumes the SHM system should be compatible with VARTM and OVB fabrication processes, as well as compatible with carbon and glass systems with vinyl ester or epoxy resins. The intent of these initial efforts will be to first determine if the prescribed sensor system can be viably integrated into the composite structure, then to subject test specimens to representative wave slap, hydrostatic, impact and shock loading to determine if that system can not only survive these extreme loads, but continue to provide meaningful data throughout these events.

Metis Design Corporation 10 Canal Park Suite 601 Cambridge, MA 02141
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 661-5616 Seth Kessler N111-053 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Guided Wave-based SHM of Submersible Navy Composites
Abstract:	The implementation of structural health monitoring (SHM) systems into naval applications has been hindered by component quantity, including sensors, cables, and acquisition/computation units, as well as data quality. Particularly for large-area applications such ship hulls, complexity of the implied system infrastructure can be impractical, and data effected by attenuation and EMI-pickup along analog cables. The payoff of reliable SHM would be the ability to detect/characterize in-situ damage for condition-based maintenance, thereby greatly reducing overall life-cycle costs. Metis Design Corporation (MDC) has demonstrated point-of-measurement datalogging and digital sensor-busing during prior Phase II SBIRs, which minimizes SHM infrastructure and EMI susceptibility. During the proposed SBIR, MDC will further exploit this low-mass, long-range, scalable SHM architecture to satisfy Navy requirements for damage detection in submersible composites. Previously developed analytical models will be modified to simulate the wave response for relevant material and geometry (as identified by commercialization partner Goodrich). Piezoelectric-based guided wave methods will be used to interrogate the structure, and pattern recognition-based algorithms will be trained specifically for the detection of damage and characterization of its severity. Finally, MDC will instrument several representative specimens built by Goodrich to generate probability of detection and accuracy versus damage size curves for the proposed method.

Progeny Systems Corporation 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 368-6107 Matthew Fisher N111-054 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Cloud-Enabled Track Management
Abstract:	Our proposal looks at an area of Cloud Computing: distributed data storage. We plan on investigating persistent cloud-based methods for storing any type of data but initially focusing on track storage. We’ll perform a trade study on a set of available products and potentially build a proof of concept (PoC).

Real-Time Innovations 385 Moffett Park Drive, Suite 115 Sunnyvale, CA 94089
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 990-4751 Gerardo Pardo N111-054 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Cloud-Enabled Track Management
Abstract:	Cloud computing virtualizes the presence of servers, software, and data, and makes them accessible to users on demand. By abstracting the details of how the resources are stored, consumers no longer need the expertise or the control over the technology infrastructure. The consumer reaps many benefits as a result, and the goal is to bring these benefits to a track-management system (TMS). While the current model for providing a cloud infrastructure with geographically centralized servers may work with enterprise systems, this model does not address the TMS requirement of handling data from a distributed network as a ubiquitous service. RTI proposes to develop a coherent cloud-based data management infrastructure to fulfill the key needs of TMS: predictable data dissemination, fault-tolerant scalable storage for historical data, ubiquitous access to historical and real-time data, and a common interface to the consumer. The proposed data-management infrastructure will use the Object Management Group’s (OMG) Data Distribution Service (DDS) standard for high performance peer-to-peer data delivery and a scalable persistence mechanism based on NoSQL technologies to address the limitations of RDBMS in the cloud environment. Together, these technologies will significantly reduce the need for administration and eliminate single points of failure in the system.

Massa Products Corporation 280 Lincoln Street Hingham, MA 02043
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 749-4800 Donald Massa N111-055 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Low Cost Hydrophones for Thin Line Towed Arrays
Abstract:	A need exists for a less expensive thin line towed array hydrophone element to reduce the cost of towed arrays and to allow more hydrophone elements in a towed array. Massa Products Corporation, which has produced acoustic underwater and air transducers and systems for the past 65 years, proposes to use this experience to design and fabricate low cost hydrophone elements, using flexural disc technology. This effort will be based on current technology at Massa and will develop a simple design, suitable for high volume production using laser or electron beam welding techniques. Equivalent Circuit and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) modeling will be used to evaluate design tradeoffs of performance, hydrostatic mechanical stress, and manufacturing costs. Prototype elements will be fabricated and tested in a unique test chamber suitable for testing at pressure and temperature extremes. In the Phase 1Basic Program, sample hydrophone elements will be built and tested and in the Phase 1 Option, sample array elements will be built and tested. A final report will be written detailing the findings and recommending Phase 11 Array hardware deliverables.

SeaLandAire Technologies, Inc. 1510 Springport Rd Suite C Jackson, MI 49202
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(517) 784-8340 Jerry Cole N111-055 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Low Cost Hydrophones for Thin Line Towed Arrays
Abstract:	Towed arrays are used extensively in the US Navy by both submarines and surface ships. Although present arrays are technologically advanced they are expensive to procure and operate. Significant cost reduction would be a major benefit. One of the primary cost drivers of the towed array is the hydrophone itself and a new design and manufacturing concept is needed. This is the main focus of the solicitation and addresses a real need in the US Navy. This presents SeaLandAire Technologies, Inc. with a unique opportunity to leverage construction and manufacturing techniques perfected in the sonobuoy industry to deliver a low cost hydrophone for thin line towed arrays. Sonobuoys are produced in high volume and are expendable which drives the requirement for a low cost design. SeaLandAire personnel have extensive experience in the sonobuoy industry and are well versed in both the design and manufacturing concepts of hydrophones to meet performance requirements while minimizing cost. The low cost towed array hydrophone design proposed here is based on previous work performed at SeaLandAire and provides a significant reduction in cost over the standard hydrophone used in the TB-29 array while maintaining the specification requirements.

Charles River Analytics Inc. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Jonah McBride N111-056 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Precise Underwater Localization Using Sonar and Electro-Optics (PULSE)
Abstract:	Underwater ship hull inspection platforms routinely check for damage, corrosion, and suspicious objects. Highly accurate position information is required to properly register hull inspection data with previously collected data to monitor the progression of structural anomalies and other changes and ensure complete hull coverage. Conventional underwater localization methods involving fixed-source signal triangulation are often ineffective at moored locations due to shallow water and interference from ship and dock structures. Dead- reckoning sensors onboard the inspection platform can provide local motion estimates, but small errors accumulate over time, eventually resulting in large position errors. Vision- based techniques, such as simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), have shown some promise for underwater platforms. However, the underwater environment presents several challenges to these techniques, such as poor visibility and limited scene structure. We propose a Precise Underwater Localization Using Sonar and Electro-Optics (PULSE) approach that uses optical and acoustic imaging sensors to offer greater flexibility under these conditions. The two sensors are also used together in a “stereo” configuration, enabling full 3D sensing to make the most of fine structural details on the hull. A particle- filter-based SLAM algorithm combines visual sensor data with motion data from dead- reckoning sensors to provide accurate location information in real-time.

SeaRobotics Corporation 15852 Mercantile Ct. Suite #2 Jupiter, FL 33478
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(561) 627-2676 Donald Darling N111-056 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Precision Navigation System for Near and On-Hull Positioning Underwater
Abstract:	The ability to precisely navigate on or near the hull of a ship enables numerous inspection, security, and hull husbandry tasks to be implemented reliably by unmanned systems. The proposed system utilizes a variety of standard UUV sensors along with novel deployable LBL transponders which are located on the hull in close proximity to detectable hull features. Utilizing the combination of motion estimation, feature detection, and Feature Based Localization, a UUV can precisely navigate a complex ship hull. The system proposed can be used in numerous applications where precise underwater positioning or precise sensor data registration is critical on known and unknown hulls, with varying degrees of fouling and hull coating conditions. The system is applicable to divers, free flying UUVs, and hull crawling UUVs.

FBS, Inc. 3340 West College Ave. State College, PA 16801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 234-3437 K. Van N111-057 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Rapid Inspection of Aluminum Hulls Below the Waterline Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves
Abstract:	An ultrasonic guided wave phased array approach is proposed for the rapid inspection of aluminum ship hulls below the waterline. With the proposed guided wave phased array technology, a centralized probe is used to steer a beam of ultrasonic energy around the hull structure, like radar. The gathered data can then be used to construct an image of the inspected region. The work to be completed in the Phase I effort would address the selection of the optimal guided wave mode/frequency for aluminum hull geometries as well as the type of probe needed to generate said mode/frequency. The proposed technique would be thoroughly evaluated for the detection of corrosion and cracking damage in the hull structure. A Phase I Option effort would investigate alternative array geometries, begin the development of a software package, and review potential technology deployment methods such as robotics. Northrop Grumman Shipbuilding has agreed to provide access to similar hull structures if available and to provide information regarding typical hull geometries and constructions practices. A Phase II effort would transition the developed technology from the lab to actual hull structures.

Physical Optics Corporation Photonic Systems Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Volodymyr Romanov N111-057 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Underwater NDE/NDT System for Ship Aluminum Hulls Below the Waterline
Abstract:	To address the Navy’s need for innovative and alternative approaches for nondestructive evaluation and testing (NDE/NDT) for crack detection and hull thickness measurement below the waterline for aluminum ships, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new fully functional mobile Underwater NDE/NDT (UNWET) system for large- area non-uniform multilayered thick aluminum/aluminum alloy structures with complex geometry, accurately identifying flaws and defects (corrosion, fatigue degradation, voids) and their precise locations and measurements. UNWET is based on registration of Compton scattered X-ray images of an object, and the reconstruction of its three-dimensional structure using a unique POC-developed Compton imaging tomography technique. UNWET will provide a full exposure time of ~1 min per sq. ft., spatial resolution of ~500 micron, and sensitivity of ~1.0% in density difference. UNWET can define sizes and positions of detected defects with accuracy of 500 micron inside 1- to 3-in.-thick (or even more for high X-ray energies) aluminum hull structures. UNWET can be operated by a diver or mounted on a remotely operated underwater vehicle. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of UNWET using a TRL-4 Phase I benchtop prototype. In Phase II, POC plans to develop and demonstrate a fully functional TRL-6 prototype.

Barron Associates, Inc. 1410 Sachem Place Suite 202 Charlottesville, VA 22901
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(434) 973-1215 William Gressick N111-058 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Autonomous Tank and Void Inspection Technique
Abstract:	Barron Associates and its team propose a novel system design that facilitates autonomous inspection of arbitrarily-shaped tanks, voids and other structures. The portable system is designed to reduce labor and cost to the Navy from required repeated inspections and allows inspection of tanks or voids by a single user without requiring entry into the potentially- hazardous space. The system features locomotion capability that allows it to survey and catalog portions of the space inaccessible to other designs. A versatile sensor system enables the inspection of regions outside the reach of similar vehicles. A unique localization approach allows improved, redundant position estimation inside the volume without complicated user-setup or calibration. A custom-developed operator interface will allow real- time display of acquired sensor data and integration with existing shipboard protocol. The ability to store, recall and review data will be implemented as well. Autonomous capability is proposed to allow unattended operation that enables the possibility of a single user simultaneously inspecting multiple spaces, further reducing burden on the crew.

GCAS Incorporated 1531 Grand Avenue San Marcos, CA 92078
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(760) 591-4227 Maurizio Borsotto N111-058 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Autonomous Tank and Void Inspection Technique
Abstract:	Goal of our Phase I effort will be to demonstrate capabilities and perform design for an inspection package comprised of a robot and an inspection software. The robot is intended to be able to move in a tank or void, reach small recesses, climb on walls and move across manholes, while collecting images of tank and void surfaces. The inspection software will be tasked with storing the inspection images for later inspector review, performing automatic corrosion assessment, and prioritizing the inspection results by severity, so that an inspector will focus first on the most critical tanks and voids. The software will also automatically populate the proper records for the CCIMS database, allow the user to upload historical inspection records for a tank and void, and download into CCIMS the new inspection results. The collected images will be maintained outside of CCIMS in an appropriate repository.

QUEST Integrated 19823 58th Place S Suite 200 Kent, WA 98032
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(253) 872-9500 Tyler Folsom N111-059 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Automation of Condenser Tube Inspection
Abstract:	The fleet presently has limited ability to safely and productively inspect condensers. Condenser failure can result in chloride contamination of the steam plant and loss of platform availability. The present inspection method depends on hard physical labor under unpleasant and hazardous conditions with an error rate of up to 3%. We propose to examine the work flow involved in acquiring, logging and using condenser tube inspection data. The path of the data will be analyzed and we will make recommendations to automate the system for improved productivity and accuracy.We expect that automation of the acquisition and recording of condenser data will yield measurable benefits. We will design a robotic or tele- operated mechanism that will enable the repetitive insertion of eddy current probes and recording of the results. We will examine several concepts for building the equipment as well as examining commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) products. We will design vision systems or other methods to guide the robot to the tubes of interest in the condenser sheet. We will write software that enables the data to smoothly integrate with other Navy systems.

Wolf Technical Services, Inc. 9855 Crosspoint Blvd, Suite 126 Indianapolis, IN 46256
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(317) 842-6075 Paul Thogersen N111-059 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Robotic Eddy Current Condenser Inspection Equipment Capability
Abstract:	The purpose of this multi-phase program is to develop an autonomous system that is capable of aligning probes for eddy current inspections on steam condensers. An autonomous system allows a human factor to be eliminated from the current process and introduces a safer, more efficient method of accomplishing this fatiguing task. The system aligns the eddy current inspection probe over the appropriate condenser tube based on a provided CAD drawing and visually signals the operator to continue with inspection following a prior obstruction detection check. The design of Wolf Technical Services’ Multi-Axis Autonomous Probe Manipulator (MAAPM) accomplishes these objectives while focusing on ease and safety in both operation and installation. The separable subsystems allow for compact storage and manageability as the device is setup within the confined space work area. Wolf’s design approach allows one system to be used on a wide range of condenser sizes without need for modification. MAAPM can be mounted in multiple locations on the tube array and is designed to withstand the demanding conditions within the condenser environment.

ASPEN PRODUCTS GROUP, INC. 186 CEDAR HILL STREET MARLBOROUGH, MA 01752
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(508) 481-5058 Craig Thompson N111-060 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Lightweight and Efficient Multi-Fuel Thermoelectric Power Generator
Abstract:	Aspen Products Group, Inc. (APG) proposes to develop a Thermoelectric Scalable Power Generator (TSPG) using advanced flameless combustion technology and high efficiency thermoelectric materials. High figure of merit thermoelectrics will be used that are capable of operating at greater than 500°C. Thermoelectric generation efficiency greater than 20% will reduce waste heat and cooling requirements, enabling development of a TSPG that is lightweight, efficient, and capable of operating on a variety of different fuels.

Physical Optics Corporation Information Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Daniel Bock N111-060 Awarded:8/6/2011
Title:	Self-Contained Heat Exchanging Thermoelectric Energy Source
Abstract:	To address the Navy’s need for high-efficiency thermoelectric power generators, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new Self-Contained Heat Exchanging Thermoelectric Energy Source (SCHETES). This proposed device is based on electrically conductive silicon-nanostructures embedded within a high-temperature matrix for high- efficiency conversion of heat to electrical energy (expected ZT of >1.5) within a high- efficiency heat exchanger. The innovation in silicon-nanostructures will enable the system to provide up to 700 W of electrical energy in a package 10 in. x 10 in. x 5 in., weighing only 7.65 lb, which is capable of burning all types of logistic fuels and handling the high temperatures by using materials with high melting points. As a result, SCHETES offers a large amount of electrical energy in a small package with low weight and provides selectable output voltages of 12 V or 24 V, which directly address the Navy’s requirements for supplemental power for weapon systems. In Phase I, POC will demonstrate the feasibility of SCHETES by simulation and design, as well as a Phase I proof-of-concept prototype. In Phase II, POC’s plans include prototype development and performance validation, with a final report incorporating analysis and recommendations for transition to Phase III.

Charles River Analytics Inc. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Wayne Thornton N111-061 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Sonar Training Motivation, Assessment, Tailoring, and Enhanced Remediation (ST-MASTER)
Abstract:	For Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW)-capable surface ships, reaching and maintaining sailors’ ASW proficiency is difficult. Existing training systems (e.g., SAST) can fail to sufficiently motivate sailors to participate in training, resulting in sonar operators and sonar watchstanding teams with diminished proficiency. Serious games, or, more generally, Immersive Learning Simulations (ILSs), have the potential to engage trainees, but are challenging to design within the constraints of operational environments. Charles River Analytics proposes to tackle this challenge by designing and demonstrating a Sonar Training Motivation, Assessment, Tailoring, and Enhanced Remediation (ST-MASTER) system. The ST-MASTER system will be based on an analysis of the requirements of the domain, resulting in the definition of use cases and customizable training scenarios. The system will incorporate models of motivation and skill within agent-based reasoning components to tailor ILS-based training. The system will assess individual and team proficiency, manage motivation levels, and provide feedback, using game-based displays and user interfaces for trainees and trainers. By leveraging existing, mature technologies, we will demonstrate both conceptual and engineering feasibility of the ST-MASTER system within the scope of a Phase I effort, while ensuring that, ultimately, ST-MASTER will successfully interface with Navy systems targeted for transition.

In-Depth Engineering Co 11350 Random Hills Road Suite 110 Fairfax, VA 22030
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 592-1870 Andre Pruitt N111-061 Awarded:8/12/2011
Title:	Serious Games for Sailor Proficiency
Abstract:	The Acoustic Gaming Environment (AGE) system will be developed as a gaming module capable of interfacing to existing training systems, allowing use of a trainer’s high fidelity environment or a Stand-Alone game play mode compatible with commercial gaming system(s) that will provide an unclassified simulation/stimulation capability to generate a realistic environment and target dynamics during periods when a trainer or tactical system is not available, allowing the user to continue development of the skills required to improve both knowledge based and practical learning. The Stand-Alone game play mode will initially focus on MFA detection and track during Prototype development, but will be expanded to encapsulate a complete Platform, Battle Group or Fleet “War game” environment for the delivery system. The AGE system will also provide a Monitoring module in the Integrated or Stand-Alone modes, providing feedback, progress measurement and rewards based stimulation on performance related to the practical elements associated with MFA detection and tracking. In Stand-Alone mode only, a Help module will be available to assist users in understanding concepts related to active sonar, sonar employment and situational awareness via visual and textual explanations of the subject matter.

Adventium Enterprises, LLC 111 Third Ave. S., Suite 100 Minneapolis, MN 55401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(323) 304-4833 Martin Michalowski N111-062 Awarded:8/31/2011
Title:	Spatio-Temporal Extension and Analysis Framework (STEAF)
Abstract:	Analyzing problems with complex spatio-temporal relationships and strong network components such as disease progression, social network analysis, and population sentiment is a difficult challenge. Although the data for this type of analysis is available, it comes from disparate sources that provide different, overlapping and perhaps contradictory information. Moreover, the analysis still relies on the knowledge and skills of experts and although a number of commercial off the shelf (COTS) systems are available for geospatial computation, visualization and analysis, the set of robust tools with true spatio-temporal analysis capabilities is limited. The Spatio-Temporal Extension and Analysis Framework (STEAF) will address these challenges by making existing and cutting edge spatio-temporal analysis capabilities available within existing and emerging COTS GIS tools. STEAF will apply advanced spatio-temporal analysis techniques, combine information from different, heterogeneous data sources, fill in missing data on relationships in that data, tolerate data errors and inconsistencies, and adjust to the data's progression over time. Phase I will determine the feasibility of STEAF and our technology transfer partner ObjectFX will review the results and join our team in Phase II. The end goal is for STEAF to provide visualization and analysis tools that make advanced spatio-temporal processing methods widely available.

Aptima, Inc. 12 Gill Street Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(202) 552-6125 Ian Yohai N111-062 Awarded:8/31/2011
Title:	GISST: Geographic Information System Statistical Toolset
Abstract:	In a variety of domains, ranging from military planning and intelligence to public health, analysts wish to draw inferences from spatio-temporal data. These data are often inconsistent and incomplete, suffering from both missing values and measurement error. While statistical methods are available to address these problems, existing software to implement the techniques are not easily integrated with common GIS software. Accordingly, we propose to develop the Geographic Information System Statistical Toolset (GISST). GISST will combine state-of-the-art statistical methods for handling missing data with a web-based platform to facilitate spatial and temporal analysis. Through the use of interactive filters and guided wizards, analysts will be able to import data, choose appropriate statistical algorithms, visualize the results along both spatial and temporal dimensions, and optionally output the analysis in flexible formats to share with other researchers or to integrate with other tools. The statistical methods contained within GISST are specifically designed for time-series cross-sectional data, thereby allowing researchers to glean the most information possible from their data. Integrating these methods with GIS capabilities in one common toolset will dramatically reduce the burden on analysts, which in turn will improve the quality of results.

Architecture Technology Corporation 9977 Valley View Road Eden Prairie, MN 55344
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(952) 829-5864 Clint Sanders N111-062 Awarded:8/29/2011
Title:	Spatio-Temporal Analysis in GIS Environments (STAGE)
Abstract:	The DoD has identified the need for the integration of state-of-the-art spatio-temporal statistical methods within existing Geographic Information System (GIS) packages to create an integrated toolbox. The SBIR topic description has outlined three major requirements for the GIS-integrated spatio-temporal statistical analysis toolbox, i.e., (1) it must work seamlessly with the GIS software; (2) it must be implemented in Python or Visual Basic to enable an efficient analytical process; and (3) it must incorporate innovative statistical methods to deal with spatio-temporal data sets with missing or messy data. To build a GIS- integrated toolbox addressing these needs and requirements, Architecture Technology Corporation (ATC) proposes an innovative approach called Spatio-Temporal Analysis in GIS Environments (STAGE). The Phase I STAGE SBIR effort will design add-on software modules for a commercial GIS product that will imbue it with powerful capabilities for sophisticated exploratory and inferential analysis of spatio-temporal data sets without leaving the GIS environment.

Parietal Systems, Inc. 510 Turnpike Street Suite 201 North Andover, MA 01845
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(978) 327-5210 John Fox N111-062 Awarded:8/29/2011
Title:	RASTA: Rapid Assessment of Spatio-Temporal Algorithms
Abstract:	Recently, there have been significant theoretical advances in the fields of geo-statistics and spatio-temporal statistics. Unfortunately, the rapidly evolving technology has not yet resulted in off-the-shelf commercial toolkits, so the vast majority of the tools exist only as standalone, file based tools in Java, MATLAB, R, or python. Hence, the analysts that are using these technologies are forced to rely upon ad hoc workflows cobbled together from an amalgam of spatial databases, analysis engines and spatial visualization tools, such as ArcMAP or Google Earth. The result: a process that is both inefficient and error prone. During Phase I, PSI will develop a software framework that will allow emerging geo-statistical tools to be readily integrated into the systems of interest. The framework will be demonstrated through the integration of a number of PSI developed spatio-temporal analysis tools that will demonstrate the ability of the framework to support several distinct classes of geospatial and spatio-temporal statistical tools into both ArcMAP and Google Earth. During Phase II, our attention will shift towards creating a more complete set of tools, while at the same time extending the basic toolkit to address meaningful problems not typically addressed in commercial toolkits, such as the handling of missing data.

Scientific Systems Company, Inc 500 West Cummings Park - Ste 3000 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 933-5355 Ssu-Hsin Yu N111-062 Awarded:8/30/2011
Title:	Bayesian Hierarchical Spatio-temporal Data Analysis Toolbox for GIS
Abstract:	Scientific Systems proposes to develop a spatio-temporal data analysis toolbox to seamlessly integrate into GIS software so that users can invoke the toolbox for advanced statistical analyses without explicitly leaving their GIS software. The toolbox will have the capabilities for users to interpolate, infer, predict and interpret spatio-temporal data. The toolbox will be capable of handling issues typically encountered in real-life applications such as missing data, misaligned data and mixed data types. Furthermore, the toolbox will be built with the ability to leverage other packages and to ensure future extensibility.Our goal in Phase 1 is to identify the GIS software and the spatio-temporal analysis techniques that are best suited for the spatio-temporal data of customers’ interest. The evaluation and selection of the spatio-temporal analysis techniques and the GIS software will lay the foundation for the integration of the spatio-temporal software tools into the GIS software of choice in Phase 2. Our approach is based on Bayesian hierarchical modeling, which permits very general models for temporally and geographically referenced data. Under the Bayesian hierarchical framework, we also incorporate an innovative approach that can adapt the model to sudden changes in data property.

Charles River Analytics Inc. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Magnus Snorrason N111-063 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Compact Aerial Video Exploitation (CAVE)
Abstract:	Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles have become a critical part of Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) missions, supplying valuable aerial imagery to ground forces. Unfortunately, operational ISR is compromised by the stringent size, weight, and power constraints of small UAVs to support real-time processing of imagery and transmitting valuable ISR results over limited-bandwidth communication links. Therefore, the potentially game-changing combination of high-resolution ISR and tactical-edge availability has not yet materialized. Our proposed solution is an integrated hardware/software system designed to process high-resolution video data at full video-rate onboard a small UAV. The software performs target recognition and feature-aided tracking, such that only narrow-bandwidth results need to be transmitted back to the user. Our solution employs a revolutionary computing hardware architecture offering several orders of magnitude greater efficiency over conventional processors in terms of throughput vs. power consumption. The key innovation is a slightly reduced precision arithmetic logic unit (ALU) built from just a few thousand transistors, instead of the hundreds of thousands used in modern floating point units. Our simulations show that simple parallel architectures based on these extremely small ALUs run applications 10,000 times more efficiently (faster, or lower power) than modern CPUs and 100 times more efficiently than GPUs.

Coherent Logix, Incorporated 1120 South Capital of Texas Highway Building 3, Suite 310 Austin, TX 78746
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 826-2583 Martin Hunt N111-063 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	HyperX Adaptive Resolution Reconnaissance Information Extraction (HARRIER)
Abstract:	Coherent Logix, Incorporated proposes the development of a closely coupled imaging sensor and massively parallel processor that will enable a new level of autonomous operation of Unmanned Air Systems. The HARRIER system will provide a computing architecture that supports advanced computer vision algorithms for robust object tracking both in the air and on the ground/sea. This combination of hardware and software algorithms will result in a camera system with the capability to processes selected regions of interest at a high rate that is sufficient for the sense and avoid function. The base hardware platform for HARRIER will be the SAFER camera currently being developed on another DoD program; this proposal leverages the close integration of the sCMOS sensor and the HyperX computing fabric. Close coupling of the compute function with the sensor enables a high bandwidth data flow path without excessive cabling, low latency and pipelined data flow with per frame feedback to sensor acquisition parameters, and the ability to run analysis and encoding at the point where the full depth of information is available. In addition the HARRIER camera will be software reconfigurable and programmed using industry standard ANSI C and Message Passing Interface parallel processing protocol.

EUTECUS Inc. 1936 University Avenue Suite 360 Berkeley, CA 94704
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(510) 540-9603 Csaba Rekeczky N111-063 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Multi-fovea Parallel Sensor-processor Architectures and Algorithms for UAV Platforms
Abstract:	Eutecus proposes to design and develop the next generation of advanced sensor electronics to improve existing UAV based persistent surveillance and sense-and-avoid capabilities. The new device will consist of the following main components: (i) a specific sensor-processor front-end sensitive in VIS/NIR wavelength with minimum array size of 1024x1024 and frame rates above 1kHz; and (ii) a generic, scalable multi-core processor back-end with embedded algorithms supporting real-time image stabilization and multi-fovea feature/signature analysis for improved terrain/object recognition and sense-and-avoid type processing. The ROIC carrier of the advanced sensor component will be implemented in ASIC, while the multi-core processor solution in high-end FPGA. The integrated product will meet defense- grade requirements. Proof-of-concept hardware development is planned in Phase I combined with field tests in order to validate the technology and provide input for refining Phase II goals. Eutecus is working with multiple Prime contractors (including NGC, LMCO and BAE – all provided support letters) to ensure that design objectives of this program will be optimized for relevant defense applications.

Charles River Analytics Inc. 625 Mount Auburn Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 491-3474 Ross Eaton N111-064 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Combining Aiding Sensors with Multiple IMUs for Navigation Optimization (CAMINO)
Abstract:	The Navy is procuring many small unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) to augment battlespace awareness in complex littoral environments. Effective deployment of these assets requires highly accurate navigational capabilities, but current high accuracy underwater navigation techniques have size, weight, power consumption, and cost (SWAP-C) requirements that exceed platform limits. Therefore, widespread deployment of small UUV assets depends on the development of navigation solutions that provide accurate navigation at low SWAP-C. To enable high accuracy navigation on small UUVs, we propose a system for Combining Aiding Sensors with Multiple IMUs for Navigation Optimization (CAMINO). CAMINO uses a novel hierarchical particle filter to combine noisy measurements from multiple IMUs and direct observations of platform state from secondary sensors, including depth sensors, compasses, and inclinometers. This approach allows CAMINO to model complex uncertainties from a variety of sensors while leveraging the strengths of each sensor to maintain an accurate estimate of UUV geolocation and orientation. During Phase I, we will identify promising low-SWAP-C sensors through a trade study and leverage our unique access to UUV testing resources under existing ONR programs to build a functional CAMINO prototype with integrated hardware and software components to demonstrate the feasibility of the CAMINO system through in-water testing.

Cybernet Systems Corporation 3885 Research Park Dr Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 668-2567 Douglas Haanpaa N111-064 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	High Accuracy Navigation Systems for Low Power UUVs
Abstract:	Unmanned Undersea Vehicles (UUVs) are used by the Navy for mine reconnaissance, sea floor mapping, and to aid in the detection of submarines. They commonly use underwater acoustic positioning to navigate undersea, but this technology requires the presence of fixed position transponders. Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) provide an alternative navigation solution that uses the Global Positioning System (GPS) and dead reckoning to eliminate the external fixed transponders from the system. High accuracy INS systems are expensive, large, and power hungry. While they can be used in large UUVs, they are not suited for small, low power UUVs due to the available space and power. The Navy is requesting a miniature, low power, low cost, high accuracy inertial navigation system (INS) that can enable low power UUVs to navigate in littoral environments.Cybernet Systems Corporation is proposing a solution to the UUV navigation problem using multiple, self calibrating Micro-Electro-Mechanical (MEMS) sensors based on our current Inertial Measurement and Magnetometer Module (I3M) technology. The system will use known constant inertial movements to continuously keep the device calibrated and use the redundant measurements to overcome the drift and accuracy issues that have plagued inertial MEMS in the past.

Fine Structure Technology LLC 5114 BALCONES WOODS DR STE 307 PMB 305 Austin, TX 78759
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 650-8314 Matthew Ellis N111-064 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Improved MEMS inertial sensors with interferometric detection
Abstract:	This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will develop navigation grade MEMS inertial sensors that use an ultra high resolution sensing technique for measuring proof mass motion. The goal of the project is to demonstrate the feasibility of this concept by understanding the optical, mechanical, and electrical performance characteristics that result from using micro interferometric sensing in MEMS inertial sensors. Specific objectives of the Phase I effort are to (1) develop a system level model that captures the behaviors of interest and enables design decisions (2) demonstrate sufficient optical performance for high resolution sensing in a prototype scale package and (3) produce robust designs for an accelerometer and gyroscope. These technical areas will be explored to better understand the development risk and potential for commercial applications in high margin instrumentation markets and low margin consumer electronics markets.

Advanced Energy Systems, Inc. 27 Industrial Boulevard, Unit E Medford, NY 11763
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(609) 514-0315 Hans Bluem N111-065 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Materials Processing with FEL Injector E-Beam
Abstract:	Free Electron Lasers are the Navy HEL system of choice (ONR FEL INP) for the maritime environment primarily because of wavelength selectivity for atmospheric transmission and compatibility with evolving All-Electric Ship concepts. The FEL generates intense photon beams by extracting kinetic energy from very well defined and energetic electron beams. The process requires the production of modest energy (

Mainstream Engineering Corporation 200 Yellow Place Pines Industrial Center Rockledge, FL 32955
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 631-3550 Justin Hill N111-065 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Usage of Electron Beams for near-Petabyte CD-Data Storage and Bulk Materials Processing
Abstract:	This proposal outlines a comprehensive research program to study and apply electron beam technology to a number of beneficial applications. Breaking down the key aspects which are unique to FEL injector Ebeam technology and evaluating them with respect to current technology or emerging technological value, allows for a thorough value assessment. In Phase I, Mainstream will assess the feasibility of several innovative small- and large-field applications of electron beam technology. These applications include high capacity data storage and high performance materials processing, joining, and fabrication. Based on detailed technical, market, and cost analyses performed in Phase I, the most promising applications will undergo proof of concept studies in the Phase II effort. Mainstream will experimentally demonstrate the improved performance, cost, and efficiency of electron beam- based technologies over the current state-of-the-art. In Phase III, the effort will focus on commercialization of this revolutionary technology.

Niowave Inc. 1012 N. Walnut St. Lansing, MI 48906
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(517) 999-3475 Terry Grimm N111-065 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Commercial Applications of Compact Superconducting Electron Linacs
Abstract:	Recent advances in superconducting electron linacs have decreased the size and complexity of these systems such that they can be economically competitive with copper linacs and proton accelerators for a broad range of applications. Niowave is developing compact turn- key superconducting electron linacs that make use of commercial 4 K cryoplants and microwave power sources. This SBIR will explore applications of compact superconducting electron linacs for energies from 0.5-50 MeV. The applications identified to date cover a broad range including: ultrafast electron microscopy, welding and thermal modification, high frequency microwave and terahertz sources, free electron lasers, x-ray sources, isotope production, and accelerator driven sub-critical reactors. Potential applications will be investigated to determine the required beam energy, current and brightness. In addition, potential users will be recruited to invest in the concept through Phase II and Phase III. For the most promising applications, the electron linac design will be developed to a level adequate to cost the facility, pursue an operating license, and proceed with construction. As the commercial applications of superconducting electron linacs bring down the costs and advance the technology, defense programs such as the free electron laser will become more reliable and cost effective.

Acentech Incorporated 33 Moulton Street Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 499-8068 David Bowen N111-066 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Low Frequency Underwater Projector for Long Range Acoustic Communications
Abstract:	Acentech proposes to develop an underwater sound projector source that can be used for Low Frequency Long Range Acoustic Communications, and which is operational down to a depth of 1000 m. This transducer design incorporates new high output magnetostrictive materials that are robust, malleable and machinable, and which are arranged in ring fashion along with an innovative displacement amplification system employing curved lamina. Preliminary modeling and analysis of this new transducer indicate output levels substantially in excess of those required are achievable at and above 100 Hz in water, with relatively low voltage drive levels. Furthermore, due to the non-resonant nature of its design, there is a nearly linear response in both the magitude and phase of the output within its target frequency range. This Phase I proposal describes our approach to achieving the desired design by structural and equivalent circuit analysis, parameter optimization, as well as by consultations with industry partners in the materials, fabrication and manufacturing space. The results we obtain from Phase I will prepare us for the analysis, building and testing of a functional prototype transducer in Phase II.

Applied Physical Sciences Corp. 475 Bridge Street Suite 100 Groton, CT 06340
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 448-3253 James McConnell N111-066 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Low Frequency Projector for Long Range Acoustic Communications
Abstract:	Applied Physical Sciences will develop a sound projector to support acoustic communication for submarines operating at tactical depths and speeds. The projector will have a nominal bandwidth and submergence depth rating of nominally 150 to 300 Hz and 1 km, respectively. System concepts that compare and contrast a single, stand-alone projector versus multiple projectors in an array format will be assessed. Analysis will also be performed to evaluate the utility of singly and doubly resonant projectors for each of the system concepts under consideration. Lumped parameter electro-mechanical-acoustical circuit models and finite element models will be used to evaluate the performance of each projector concept. Together with system-wide sonar analysis, a projector design will be down-selected and a quarter- scale prototype will be fabricated and tested.

Etrema Products, Inc. 2500 N. Loop Drive Ames, IA 50010
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(515) 296-8030 Julie Slaughter N111-066 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Low Frequency Projector for Long Range Acoustic Communications
Abstract:	Etrema proposes to develop a free-flooded Galfenol split-ring transducer that will provide 50- 75 Hz of bandwidth on a 200 Hz carrier wave capable of operating at depths up to 1000 m with a source level greater than 190 dB re 1uPa @ 1m. While there are no specifications on size, the desire expressed by the technical point of contact is for a source that will fit on a standard pallet. By combining the depth-independence and bandwidth of a free-flooded magnetostrictive ring with the compact size of a split-ring, the resulting transducer should meet the objectives for the communications application. Design options which decrease size and improve performance will be explored.

Progeny Systems Corporation 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 359-4566 Jim Powers N111-066 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Low Frequency Projector for Long Range Acoustic Communications
Abstract:	Continuous communication is possible only when submarines deploy a receiving antenna while operating at or near the surface. This imposes a restriction upon the submarine's operating depth and its speed, as well as increasing its exposure to detection. Low Frequency Long Range Acoustic Communications has the potential to meet some of the needs in this long standing capability gap.Operating at lower frequencies offers more range at the expense of bandwidth, and has been explored to some degree, but research in the 100 to 200 Hz range has been hampered by the lack of a suitable projector. Develop a coherent acoustic projector that will provide 50-75 Hz of BW on a 300 Hz carrier at a depth of 1000 m.

Acellent Technologies, Inc. 835 Stewart Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94085
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 745-1188 Samik Das N111-067 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Underwater Structural Health Monitoring of Composite Propellers
Abstract:	Monitoring the health of composite propeller structures and identifying problems before they can affect the integrity and safe operation has been a long-term goal in naval industry. Composite propellers are being developed by the Navy for a number of potential benefits, including reducing weight and maintenance requirements, while increasing design flexibility and performance. However like all other composite construction composite propellers are prone to damage. Hence a robust Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system is required to monitor the in-service composite propeller. This will also reduce maintenance cost and also help design in more cost effective composite propeller. Acellent proposes to develop an underwater Structural Health Monitoring system for composite propeller. This development will address all the challenges such as sensor and connector design in underwater environment and in-service real-time inspection, operational and environmental variability, damage diagnosis and classification. Acellent will develop an embedded SMART layer system for composite propeller monitoring with statistical data analysis software to diagnose the health of the composite structure. Acellent’s ultimate goal will be to develop a complete SHM system for monitoring the health of composite propellers used in naval vessel.

FBS, Inc. 3340 West College Ave. State College, PA 16801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 234-3437 Roger Royer N111-067 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Underwater Structural Health Monitoring of Composite Navy Propellers
Abstract:	Advanced composite materials are currently being considered for use in propellers on Navy ships. However, limited in-service data exists on the performance of these materials which leads to excessive pre-service testing and a tendency to overdesign components. Therefore, to reduce the excessive testing, overdesign tendencies and implementation time while not compromising safety, there is currently a need for a permanently installed SHM system capable of detecting and characterizing early stages of in-service damage to composite propellers. FBS, Inc. proposes the development of an ultrasonic guided wave approach. The system consists of an array of flexible guided wave sensors which can be surface mounted or embedded inside the composite component. The guided wave sensors can function either as ultrasonic transmitters or receivers in order to send and receive guided wave energy between them. Changes occurring to the received signals due to the introduction of damage can be monitored over time, in real time or periodically, to alert personnel if and when damage occurs. A key advantage of the proposed approach is the fact that guided waves can travel long distances in the structure making it possible to monitor the entire component with only a few sensors mounted at fixed locations.

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 961-4509 Dan Metrey N111-067 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Underwater Structural Health Monitoring of Composite Navy Propellers
Abstract:	Composite materials are beginning to be widely utilized throughout the military and commercial sectors. These advanced materials offer several advantages, including high strength to weight ratios, manipulative properties, and corrosion resistance. Of interest is the use of composite materials in Navy propellers where improvements in dynamic and acoustic performance are possible along with weight savings and reduced maintenance. However, lack of legacy design data and concerns over fatigue, environmental stability, damage tolerance, and other issues exist. There is consequently a high risk assigned to the use of advanced composites. To mitigate the risk, composites structures must be extensively evaluated at significant cost and overdesigned with a high factor of safety, often negating several of the achievable advantages. Structural health monitoring (SHM) can be implemented to reduce qualification testing and overdesign by characterizing design flaws in the development process and identifying material damage while in-service prior to catastrophic failure. Luna Innovations Incorporated is proposing to apply its embedded fiber optic strain monitoring and health management system for Navy propellers. The proposed system will be flexible in nature, capable of supporting a variety of cross-cutting structural strain sensing and health monitoring applications and readily integrated into the platform.

Metis Design Corporation 10 Canal Park Suite 601 Cambridge, MA 02141
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 661-5616 Seth Kessler N111-067 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Guided Wave-based SHM of Composite Navy Propellers
Abstract:	The implementation of structural health monitoring (SHM) systems into naval applications has been hindered by component quantity, including sensors, cables, and acquisition/computation units, as well as data quality. Particularly for large-area applications such ship hulls, complexity of the implied system infrastructure can be impractical, and data effected by attenuation and EMI-pickup along analog cables. The payoff of reliable SHM would be the ability to detect/characterize in-situ damage for condition-based maintenance, thereby greatly reducing overall life-cycle costs. Metis Design Corporation (MDC) has demonstrated point-of-measurement datalogging and digital sensor-busing during prior Phase II SBIRs, which minimizes SHM infrastructure and EMI susceptibility. During the proposed SBIR, MDC will further exploit this low-mass, long-range, scalable SHM architecture to satisfy Navy requirements for damage detection in composite propellers. Previously developed analytical models will be modified to simulate the wave response for relevant material and geometry (as identified by commercialization partner Rolls-Royce). Piezoelectric-based guided wave methods will be used to interrogate the structure, and pattern recognition-based algorithms will be trained specifically for the detection of damage and characterization of its severity. Finally, MDC will instrument several representative specimens built by Rolls-Royce to generate probability of detection and accuracy versus damage size curves for the proposed method.

Boulder Nonlinear Systems, Inc. 450 Courtney Way, Unit 107 Lafayette, CO 80026
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 604-0077 Joseph Buck N111-068 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Affordable Beam Control Technology for Compact Beam Directors
Abstract:	The proposed effort will provide a new capability for high-energy laser (HEL) weapon targeting by creating a low-cost, compact, agile, wide-area, non-mechanical, beam director for high-energy lasers that mitigates turbulence and thermal blooming to be integrated into existing submarine universal modular masts. The concept outlined in this proposal creates a completely conformal aperture for a rugged, low-maintenance directed energy system. The design meets the requested specifications including: 100 kW power handling, wide-area beam control (Altitude: -30° to +80°; Azimuth: 360°), 0.01 micro-radian accuracy, 20 G shock, and 100 psi pressure. The non-mechanical solution provides low SWaP, fast switching, and random access, while incorporating wavefront correction to mitigate thermal blooming and atmospheric impacts on beam propagation. The proposed effort will develop a full system model and trade study for applying these techniques to a submarine high-energy laser system, which will positively impact the application of all EO and optical systems to submarines.

MZA Associates Corporation 2021 Girard SE Suite 150 Albuquerque, NM 87106
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(719) 375-1158 Don Washburn N111-068 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Submarine Beam Director and Beam Control System
Abstract:	This Phase I SBIR will address design issues for High Energy Laser Beam Director which fits in the Navy's Universal Modular Mast residing on Virginia class submarines. Our approach will be to derive submarine-specific requirements, and to adapt beam director and beam control system technology from our other beam director design and fabrication efforts, notably OTHELA and HBD, to those requirements.

Optical Physics Company 26610 Agoura Road Suite 240 Calabasas, CA 91302
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(818) 880-2907 Richard Hutchin N111-068 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Compact Beam Director for Submarine-based High Energy Laser (HEL)
Abstract:	Optical Physics Company (OPC) is proposing to develop an innovative transmissive beam director which can meet the challenging size and performance requirements of the submarine platform. An ordinary beam director that fits into the volume specified would be limited to a 13-15 cm aperture. The transmissive OPC design allows for a 30 cm transmit aperture to enable four times the brightness and double the lethal range using only about 55% of the allocated volume on the Universal Modular Mast (UMM). Accurate tracking, short acquisition time, wavefront correction, and long burn time are built-in features of the beam director. The design builds on and leverages multiple ongoing projects at OPC, including submicroradian closed loop boresight sensing, beaconless wavefront control and wrinkle proof deformable mirrors. During the base Phase I effort OPC will perform a trade study and select a baseline design with Navy TPOC participation. The design feasibility, targeting capability, and performance estimates regarding wavefront correction and jitter control will be proven by simulation and analytic studies. During the Phase I option effort a Phase II prototype design and manufacturing plan will be formulated. The Phase I option will end with a Preliminary Design Review (PDR).

Aptima, Inc. 12 Gill Street Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 496-2312 Alexandra Geyer N111-069 Awarded:4/8/2011
Title:	Portable Adaptive Cognitive Training (PACT)
Abstract:	The unpredictable and complex environment of current military operations poses significant cognitive challenges on today’s Warfighters. Superior cognitive function is necessary for Warfighters to be able to critically assess their surrounding environment, quickly and effectively solve problems, make decisions, and adapt to changing or unanticipated situations. Recent scientific advances suggest that cognitive training could lead to increased general cognitive abilities, including enhancement in fluid intelligence. Despite the encouraging results suggesting improvement in fluid intelligence through cognitive skills training, there is still very little consensus in the literature on how to develop effective cognitive skills training or how to evaluate it, including assessing transfer to real world situations. Aptima’s solution for training and improving cognitive function called PACT (Portable Adaptive Cognitive Training). PACT will be an ultra-portable, platform agnostic, adaptive training game system that will enhance cognitive capacity in healthy as well as cognitively impaired individuals through the use of empirically validated cognitive exercises embedded into an engaging and motivating game environment. PACT will utilize an innovative approach for bridging the science-game divide by transforming validated cognitive training exercises into core game mechanics that can be applied to a variety of different gaming environments.

CurriculaWorks 652 Bair Island Road, Suite 210 Redwood City, CA 94063
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 283-4129 Lynn Krause N111-069 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Brain fitness training program to enhance cognitive function via remote ultra-mobile computing
Abstract:	Operation Mental Scorpion is a multi-platform brain trainer software program delivered in an engaging format that provides rigorous training of working memory capacity using adaptive technology and a highly motivational learning environment. The activities and progression through the activities in Operation Mental Scorpion are anchored in the most current brain development and motivation research and delivered using cutting edge multi-platform technologies and sophisticated data collection and analysis.

Psychology Software Tools, Inc. 311 23rd Street Extension Suite 200 Sharpsburg, PA 15215
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(412) 449-0078 Anthony Zuccolotto N111-069 Awarded:12/1/2011
Title:	Brain fitness training program to enhance cognitive function via remote ultra-mobile computing
Abstract:	This effort is to develop an evidence-based scientific Brain Fitness Training (BFT) program to accelerate brain growth and improve cognitive function. The goal is to create a mobile computing technology that can be used during initial military training or pre-entry training to raise the domain general cognitive skills by US military recruits substantially (one standard deviation) in working memory, fluid intelligence, meta-cognitive ability, attention control, and affect management with a modest training investment (less than 40 hours). The project involves a synergy of neuroscience, cognitive training, molecular biology of neuron growth, brain imaging, and mobile computing. This proposal focuses on the development of the mobile technology for delivery, performance, motivation, and remote management of BFT. The project tests the effectiveness of computer based gaming, competition, and tracking to maintain intense and reliable effort to improve cognitive function. Experiments will examine whether Brain Fitness Training (BFT)using the method of Competitive Adaptive High Intensity Training (CAHIT) can accelerate brain growth and increase ability in both controlled laboratory and mobile computing applications.

Aptima, Inc. 12 Gill Street Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 496-2430 Stacy Pfautz N111-070 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Adjustable Balanced Autonomy for Cargo/Casualty Unmanned Systems (ABACUS)
Abstract:	Future operations will increasingly utilize Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) Unmanned Air Systems (UAS) to accomplish missions which involve a high degree of uncertainty, such as complex cargo and casualty evacuation. Quite often these missions require U.S. and coalition forces to face challenging and dangerous environments with little advance knowledge or information about their surroundings. Such situations may also require novice users to operate a UAS without the knowledge, skills, or abilities that experienced aviators possess. A scalable user interface approach is needed to enable a wide range of users to interact with highly autonomous VTOL systems. Aptima and our partners propose to address this challenge by developing ABACUS (Adjustable Balanced Autonomy for Cargo/Casualty Unmanned Systems), an application that supports high-level human/UAS interaction and includes:An adjustable autonomy framework that will guide the level of UAS autonomy and adjust to the level of human operator involvement;A scalable user interface based on ecological interface design and capable of using multimodal inputs including 2D/3D gestures/voice; andState of the art automation algorithms that incorporate mission objectives, priorities, constraints, and knowledge from human operators.

Kutta Technologies, Inc. 2075 W Pinnacle Peak Rd Ste 102 Phoenix, AZ 85027
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(602) 896-1976 James Bona N111-070 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Scalable Warfighter Interface to Support a High-level Interactions with an Autonomous Cargo and Casualty Evacuation Unmanned Air System at Remote, Unp
Abstract:	UAVs are well suited for the resupply mission, reducing risk to human air crews and allowing more sorties (number of pilots and physical human requirements are currently limiters). Current users of a UAV systems must be trained and maintain domain specific knowledge regarding UAV operations (flight duration, waypoint selection, capabilities of the vehicle and in flight monitoring) in order to accomplish their “single mission objective” of imaging an area. This mission planning paradigm place undue burden on the warfighter and limits the number of users who can utilize the UAV resource. In order to make umanned resupply available to the average warfighter the system must move to a goal or objective oriented paradigm. For the unmanned resupply this would mean that the user should only be tasked with describing the payload needed and LZ characteristics (slope, ground conditions, obstacles, force position and strength, etc). The system (UAV and GCS) would then take care of asset selection, path planning, in flight monitoring, corrective action, ingress and egress. Partitioning of the required functionality between UAV and GCS will allow for early field insertion and migration as UAVs become more autonomous. This system will increase the effectiveness of the warfighter while reducing risk.

Polarity Labs 1801 Century Park East, 24th Floor Los Angeles, CA 90067
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(424) 218-6890 Stephane Fymat N111-070 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Scalable Warfighter Interface for AACUS
Abstract:	We propose to develop a multi-modal interaction framework an unmanned helicopter and warfighers who are not skilled UAS operators. This framework can support multiple modes, such as sketch, speech, chat and gesture, including simultaneous multi-modal input in one interaction.

Soar Technology, Inc. 3600 Green Court Suite 600 Ann Arbor, MI 48105
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(734) 887-7620 Glenn Taylor N111-070 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Smart Interaction Device for VTOL UAS
Abstract:	Current Unmanned Air Systems (UAS) require a great deal of specialized training and experience to use effectively. Furthermore, their use is dominated by a paradigm of control in which a highly trained operator is giving very precise, low-level commands to a UAS. As UAS become more autonomous, they will require less control, but will instead require input from a range of users, including high-level directions or other kinds of mission-relevant information. However, current operator control units (OCUs) are stuck in the paradigm of explicit control. To take advantage of increasing autonomy and to broaden the range of users, new kinds of robust natural interfaces, including multiple modes of input and output, must be developed that allow users with various skill levels to interact with UAS in a variety of environments. SoarTech proposes to leverage prior work on a multi-modal interfaces for interacting with autonomous systems. We will extend this work to the VTOL UAS domain, making it robust to a range of user skill levels and experience, including multiple redundant forms of input and output that are appropriate to a range of environments in which forward deployed units need to interact with autonomous UAS.

Barber-Nichols Inc. 6325 West 55th Avenue Arvada, CO 80002
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(303) 421-8111 Jason Preuss N111-071 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Thermal Conversion Device for Hydrothermal Vents
Abstract:	The objective of this proposal is to develop technology which will enable electricity to be produced and stored by utilizing geothermal energy emanating from the fissures in the bottom of the ocean. Geothermal energy is abundant. It is estimated that 67,000 km of ridges exist in the ocean that contain geothermal activity (Baker and German, 2004). Many of these resources are at depths from 1500m to 2500m. At these depths, the saturation temperature of water exceeds 300C with adjacent cold water at 5C. Given the unique nature of the location and the reasonable temperature difference, a high efficiency power conversion system would ordinarily be an easy exercise. However, the depth and nature of the resource compound the engineering problem. It is envisioned that the cost of installation will necessitate an extremely reliable system that will not be able to be serviced or even retrieved. Other factors including heat exchanger fouling to mineral condensation and biological organisms should not be ignored. The specification requires not only electric power production, but storage. At 100 kWe output, the electric storage requirements may dominate the system size depending on the storage technology utilized.

Creare Inc. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(603) 643-3800 Jeffrey Breedlove N111-071 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Turbo-Rankine Power System for Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vents
Abstract:	Hydrothermal vents emit large amounts of hot water, which has the potential to produce electric power. This type of power source could enable remote sea sensors, recharge autonomous underwater vehicles, and facilitate a variety of deep sea activities. Developing a power system for this application is challenging because the environment is extremely corrosive, mineral precipitation and biological activity can obstruct critical surfaces, and the system must operate reliably for long time periods without maintenance. In response, we propose to develop a turbo-Rankine power system that is optimized for hydrothermal vents. Our system will consist of discrete components that are packaged to fit optimally within a simple containment structure and around adjacent features and subsystems. In addition, continuous fluid flow within the system will communicate directly with the heat source and heat rejection environment, without intermediate flow loops or large thermal structures. Creare is well suited to succeed because we have a long history of developing advanced turbomachines, heat exchangers, and thermodynamic systems for challenging aerospace and terrestrial applications. During Phase I, we will optimize design trades, complete a preliminary design, and test a subscale version of the heat exchanger that will interact with the hydrothermal vent. We will then fabricate and test a brassboard system during Phase II.

Maritime Applied Physics Corporation 1850 Frankfurst Avenue Baltimore, MD 21226
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(207) 837-6175 Keith Scidmore N111-071 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Thermal Conversion Device for Hydrothermal Vents
Abstract:	One of the primary limitations of underwater sensors, unmanned underwater vehicles, and autonomous systems, especially in remote or deep locations, is the availability of energy. System endurance, speed, cost, and power for onboard systems can all benefit from the availability of in-situ power generation stations. Maritime Applied Physics Corporation (MAPC) proposes to design a modular, solid-state thermoelectric generator (TEG), based on the Seebeck/Peltier effect using customized available components, to extract electrical power from high temperature geothermal vents in deep sea areas. This 20 kilowatt system and its deployment method will address exposure to corrosive liquids, simultaneous extremes in hot and cold, very high ambient pressures, fouling by solids precipitated from cooling liquid, abrasion by suspended particles, and encrustation by sulfur oxidizing bacteria and organisms attracted to the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria that make up the local vent ecosystem. Successful completion of the Phase I design will readily lead to the Phase II development of a brassboard prototype and the opportunity for commercialization of this product.

Mechanical Solutions, Inc. 11 Apollo Drive Whippany, NJ 07981
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(518) 320-8552 Thomas Walter N111-071 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Thermal Conversion Device for Hydrothermal Vents
Abstract:	Applications ranging from deep water drilling rigs and wells to in-situ seismographs and AUV recharging require subsurface electrical power. Undersea thermal vents create opportunities to generate significant levels of at-sea power. Effectively harnessed, benefits derived from subsea power sources range from increased station-keeping to persistent surveillance.Mechanical Solutions, Inc. (MSI) proposes an approach that will result in compact and durable closed Rankine cycle systems that provide electric power in deep sea environments. A single high-speed rotating machine, with oil-free, process lubricated bearings in a hermetically sealed package forms the heart of a system that will be durable, lightweight and small in size.Successful development of the MSI technology will help meet the ever-growing demand for more electric power in subsea environments. The MSI system will be maintenance-free, easy to deploy, with simple yet practical means to negate the fouling effects typically encountered in hydrothermal vents. Phase II will provide a prototype of a practical and cost-effective thermal-to-electric power conversion system. MSI’s Phase I pre-proposal analysis work included assessment of a sample cycle using a standard power fluid with good results. Phase I work will verify the feasibility of the approach against a definitive set of hydrothermal and subsea specifications.

Agiltron Corporation 15 Presidential Way Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 935-1200 Jun Yan N111-072 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Coastal and riverine hydrodynamic energy harvesters with autonomous deployment
Abstract:	Agiltron, Inc. and the Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center propose hydrodynamic flow energy harvesting systems with autonomous deployment in coastal and riverine environments. The highly-scalable energy harvester, with target rate of 300W per unit, will be self-deployed and anchoring to various costal and riverine bottoms, and adaptable to these environments over most commonly available range of flow velocities. The non-turbine design is inconspicuous, highly modular, environment friendly, and easy for maintenance, modification, and decommission if needed. Depending on the available hydrodynamic resource, the harvester will operate in standby or harvesting modes, and it will always have a net-gain in energy (power generated is always greater than consumed). The technical approach will be proved in Phase I through numerical analysis, design, prototype fabrication, and wave testing. Prototypes of autonomously deployable energy harvester will be produced in Phase II for open-water testing.

Bodkin Design & Engineering, LLC P.O. Box 81386 Wellesley, MA 02481
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 795-1968 Gideon Coltof N111-072 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Autonomously deployed energy harvesting system in coastal and riverine environment
Abstract:	The Navy is seeking a self-deployable, compact, energy harvesting system capable of extracting hydrodynamic flow energy from the littorals, surf zones, and rivers for unmanned system propulsion or for sensor operations. The system should be easily integratable as a module to a number of existing underwater deployed sensors and unmanned underwater vehicles. Bodkin Design & Engineering, LLC (Newton, MA) is proposing a wave power to electricity generator that will continuously generate and store power from wave energy in the littoral zone. This system will be ideally suited for powering unattended sensors. The generator incorporates a robust electrical generator which converts mechanical motion from the passing of overhead waves to electrical energy. Energy is stored in a heavy-duty battery for on-demand use.

Infoscitex Corporation 303 Bear Hill Road Waltham, MA 02451
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 890-1338 Jeremiah Slade N111-072 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Autonomously deployed energy harvesting system in coastal and riverine environment
Abstract:	The capabilities and mission profile of underwater sensors and autonomous systems are often significantly limited by the availability of onboard energy. The issue of energy limitation becomes more severe for autonomous systems deployed in the littorals, in surf zones, and in rivers due to the difficulties of deploying and retrieving these systems to replace batteries. Environmental energy harvesting systems based on solar or wind may be impractical due to high visibility and unreliability of the energy source. However, there exists the potential to extract the abundant hydrodynamic energy in these environments and use it to recharge the batteries onboard deployed systems. Infoscitex Corporation (IST) and SRI International (SRI) will address this opportunity by developing a modular hydrokinetic energy harvesting solution that is easy to transport and handle, adaptable, durable, and self deploying. This solution will be accomplished by utilizing a relatively new energy generation technology based on electroactive polymers (EAP). EAPs are elastomeric materials that are able to efficiently convert mechanical strains into electrical currents. IST and its collaborators at SRI have already successfully developed and evaluated a number of energy harvesting systems based on these materials.

Pliant Energy Systems LLC Brooklyn Navy Yard, 63 Flushing Avenue Unit 195 Building 280, Suite 515 Brooklyn, NY 11205
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(347) 687-4489 Kevin McNamara N111-072 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Autonomously deployed energy harvesting system in coastal and riverine environment
Abstract:	The Power Frond Generator utilizes unique geometry and flexible electroactive polymers to capture hydrokinetic energy via dynamic material strain. It accomplishes this without the need for bearings or exposed moving parts. The Power Frond is highly resistant to extreme events such as excessive water-flow speeds and impacting objects. It is highly resistant to fouling from debris and to corrosion. In the proposed Phase I program Pliant Energy Systems will conceive and model an integrated unit for in-stream deployment which harvests hydrokinetic energy, converts it to usable power and stores excess for use by sensors and Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs). Phase I Option will analyze the model and create a risk assessment for the anticipated build in Phase II.

SA Photonics, LLC 130 Knowles Drive Suite A Los Gatos, CA 95032
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(415) 971-2027 Mark Carlson N111-072 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Autonomously deployed energy harvesting system in coastal and riverine environment
Abstract:	Reliable, efficient remote energy consuming systems require a method for producing their own energy in order to be effective and viable for long term operations. Batteries have been the Achilles heel for stand alone systems, and thereby make their operation temporary, and costly to maintain. Marine based sensor systems, and/or charging stations can utilize the mechanical energy inherent in the wave/water motion to support full stand alone operation. SA Photonics has developed a linear and rotary generator system suite that captures and converts the energy produced in the coastal, riverine and littoral zones to support underwater sensor systems and UUV charging stations. Our energy harvesting hardware utilizes two different generator technologies to capture the optimum amount of energy available within the different shallow water regions.

JENTEK Sensors, Inc. 110-1 Clematis Avenue Waltham, MA 02453
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 642-9666 Zachary Thomas N111-073 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Magnetoquasistatic and Electroquasistatic Sensor Arrays for Inspection of Railgun Composite Containment Structure
Abstract:	Safe and efficient operation of the naval electromagnetic rail gun (EMRG) requires a capability to monitor the health of the composite containment structure. Advanced instrumentation is needed to detect and monitor stress, damage and temperature within this critical structure.JENTEKÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s family of inductive and capacitive sensors and arrays have the potential to meet this challenge. The Meandering Winding Magnetometer (MWM), for application to conducting materials such as graphite fiber reinforced composites, has a proven track record of providing superior inspection capability for critical components such as engine disks and has demonstrated capability to image deposit thickness on railgun rails. JENTEKÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s Segmented Field Dielectrometer (SFD) has demonstrated capability to detect stress, damage and water intrusion in insulating materials such as glass fiber reinforced composites.This proposed Phase I program will evaluate feasibility of adapting both MWM and SFD sensing modalities for monitoring stress, damage and temperature in the composite containment structure of the EMRG. The goal is to perform both scanning/imaging inspections between shots and to provide a monitoring capability of structural health during shots.

Luna Innovations Incorporated 1 Riverside Circle Suite 400 Roanoke, VA 24016
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 558-1696 Matthew Davis N111-073 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Composite Shape, Strain and Temperature Monitoring of EMRG Structures
Abstract:	Damage to the composite containment structure surrounding and forming the structural members of electromagnetic launchers is difficult to detect using conventional non- destructive methods. These methods do not operate at the speeds necessary to detect impending failures between launches. Additionally, temperature data at high spatial resolutions are essential to predictions of health of the structure and remaining life. A heath monitoring and temperature sensing system is needed to ensure successful development and deployment of these future weapons platforms. Luna Innovations is proposing to develop a fiber optic shape, strain, and temperature monitoring system for Navy electromagnetic launch systems. The proposed system will be capable of making distributed strain and temperature measurements. High frequency temperature sensors will also be developed that will capture the transient temperatures present during a launch. The use of a fiber optic system has many advantages in size, weight, flexibility, and most importantly its inherent resistance to high EMI environments. During Phase I, Luna will demonstrate the feasibility of the system through extensive modeling and testing. During Phase II the team will validate the system during field testing on railgun prototypes, demonstrating the performance of the sensing system.

PNTS Incorporated 11 Deerpark Drive Suite 102-I Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 355-9550 Richard Skibo N111-073 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Advanced Standoff Instrumentation and Non-Destructive Evaluation for Composite Structures
Abstract:	PNTS Incorporated (formerly Princeton Nanotechnology Systems) has teamed with researchers from Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, to provide a novel, comprehensive response to SBIR Topic N111-073. In this program, we propose to combine Wright State University’s research in non-destructive testing using terahertz radiation with the earlier Princeton Nanotechnology Systems work performed under recent SBIR contracts from DTRA and DARPA. The PNTS team feels that the combination of terahertz imaging, coupled with aplanatic optics, compressive sensing, and extensive digital signal processing will provide a rich set of capabilities to measure temperature, strain, as well as real time imaging of defects under the unprecedented set of demanding conditions extant in the electromagnetic railgun (EMRG) environment. Moreover, terahertz radiation is relatively immune from the gas and particulates that would obscure or otherwise impair laser or other optical based metrology systems. The final deliverable will include not only experimental data and analysis, but also, a prototypical design of the hardware components, software platform, and simulation results of the relevant performance characteristics using continuous wave terahertz imaging technology and compressive sensing for the final solution. This methodology will provide a robust system design and the ability to employ a dynamic product suite, ranging from fixed emplacements for large EMRG monitoring to portable easily deployable devices for smaller installations. Risks often associated with the transition of technology from Phase I to Phases II and III will be mitigated as PNTS, Wright State University, and their other respective partners are already current engaged in the design and development of software and hardware components similar to what would be incorporated into the deliverable system(s) for Phase II and III.

Q Peak, Inc. 135 South Road Bedford, MA 01730
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 275-9535 Alex Dergachev N111-073 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Laser Ultrasonic Testing of Rail-Gun Composite Structures
Abstract:	We propose to develop a laser ultrasonic system that addresses the US Navy needs for non- destructive inspection technology of composite containment structures in electro-magnetic rail-gun launchers. The laser ultrasonic system provides fast, non-contact evaluation of composites and can detect various internal defects, bond integrity, cracks, delamination, and porosity. The system will be based on Q-Peak’s innovative, mid-IR, laser source for ultrasound generation, which facilitates the development of a compact, mobile instrument that meets the particular Navy application.

IAP Research, Inc. 2763 Culver Avenue Dayton, OH 45429
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 296-1806 David Bauer N111-074 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Flexible Cooled Power Conductors for Electromagnetic Railguns
Abstract:	Electromagnetic railguns are transitioning from single shot lab guns to a weapon system firing 6-12 rounds per minute. The cables that supply the railgun current from the power supply must also make this transition. We propose to develop a flexible coaxial cable with cooled conductors to meet this need. The cable system will be designed to deliver the 5-6 mega-amps required by tactical railguns. The cable terminations will be designed to integrate with the limited space allowed at the launcher for these electrical connections. At the completion of Phase I, we will have: designed, built, and tested a prototype coaxial cable to meet the thermal demands.

Mainstream Engineering Corporation 200 Yellow Place Pines Industrial Center Rockledge, FL 32955
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(321) 631-3550 Michael Cutbirth N111-074 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Integrated Thermal Energy Storage in a Power Conductor for Electromagnetic Railguns
Abstract:	The United States Navy is seeking a compact, flexible power conductor capable of handling the high magnitude, high transient pulsed loading required by a Naval Electromagnetic Railgun (EMRG.) Very high current levels (up to 6 mega-amps) carried over a compact cross-sectional area will result in significant heating. Mainstream has proposed a solution that minimizes complexity, requires minimal volume, and uses no external power to provide cooling. The transient nature of the loading on the conductor lends itself to cooling by thermal energy storage. In the Phase I effort, Mainstream will use finite element modeling to design a power conductor with an integrated thermal storage system and will experimentally test a scaled prototype. Mainstream’s innovative conductor reduces weight and cost and increases flexibility compared to a standard conductor.

NDI Engineering Company 100 Grove Road P.O. Box 518 Thorofare, NJ 08086
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(410) 997-7704 William Buonaccorsi N111-074 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Flexible Cooled Power Conductors for Electromagnetic Railguns
Abstract:	Develop a flexible, compact cable or conductor capable of handling the repetitive, high magnitude, high transient, pulsed loading and flexing service required by a Naval Electromagnetic Railgun (EMRG).

Tai-Yang Research Company 9112 Farrell Park Lane Knoxville, FL 37922
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(865) 805-7261 W. Marshall N111-074 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Flexible Cooled Power Conductors for Electromagnetic Railguns
Abstract:	The Tai-Yang Research Company (TYRC) proposes to develop a high current density, small cross section alternative to existing pulse power cables for the Navy electromagnetic rail gun. The proposed cable system will reduce the heat generated during a firing pulse and will effectively remove the heat by active means. The proposed cable assemblies will be terminated with a variant of TYRC's patent-pending quick disconnect termination for cryogenic electrical cables. The termination simultaneously couples the electrical and refrigerant flow circuits while minimizing the heat leak from the surroundings.The cooling system for the proposed cable will leverage present development efforts to build cryogenic refrigeration systems compatible with shipboard safety requirements.

3 Phoenix, Inc. 14585 Avion Pwy Suite 200 Chantilly, VA 20151
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(703) 956-6480 Bob Smarrelli N111-075 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Engineering Sensors for Towed Array Reliability
Abstract:	Submarine thin-line Towed Arrays are subjected to extreme forces during deployment and retrieval in addition to tactical operations. These forces are generally significantly different in nature. In the past it has been especially difficult to monitor and characterize the stress imparted on the array during the deployment and retrieval cycles. To significantly improve Towed Array availability an objective systems engineering process must be implemented to analyze these events and develop a solution. The goal of the systems engineering team is to generate an open systems architecture that will enable the monitoring of towed array health during all modes of operation including the handling cycles. The evolution of modern network technology has enabled state of the art telemetry systems such as 3 Phoenix’s iPON Telemetry, to perform sophisticated real time Performance Monitoring and Fault Localization (PMFL). These tasks are executed on a continuous basis transporting data from specifically designed engineering sensors to support the adaptive reconfiguration of the telemetry system in the event of failures enabling localization of the failures within the array. The focus of this topic is to develop an engineering sensor capability for thin-line submarine towed arrays that will provide objective information that can be utilized in real-time in conjunction with the telemetry network and its associated control processor. The demonstration system proposed in this Phase I will provide the capability to monitor the health of the towed array handling system as well as the health of the towed array data network during all modes of operation. 3 Phoenix, Inc. (3Pi) will build upon existing SBIR and STTR developments to further enhance the PMFL capabilities of thinline towed array systems.

Texas Research Institute Austin, Inc. 9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(512) 263-2101 Harry Perkinson N111-075 Awarded:5/8/2011
Title:	Engineering Sensors for Towed Array Reliability
Abstract:	TRI/Austin has developed a concept for an Engineering Performance Measurement System (EPMS) to be used to monitor the engineering performance of the Vector Sensor Towed Array (VSTA) while the VSTA is undergoing handling and tactical operations. The EPMS will piggy back onto the VSTA power and data networks. The data generated by the EPMS will be usable in real time by the sonar operator to modify operation of the towed array when critical loads are approached. The recorded data generated by the EPMS will allow the array system engineer to identify the critical points where the array handling system or the operational procedures have to be changed in order to reduce the impact on the towed array. The EPMS can be used to develop a full understanding of the interaction between the platform actions and the towed array reactions. The EPMS is designed to be able to operate when the array is not powered. As part of the effort, TRI/Austin proposes to modify the EPMS so that the engineering performance of current legacy towed arrays can be monitored. A different data transmission system is needed for the modified EPMS.

BTech Acoustics LLC 17 Surrey Rd. Barrington, RI 02806
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(401) 261-9318 David Brown N111-076 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Piezoelectric Single Crystal Property Assessment for Cost-Effective Optimized Naval SONAR Transducers
Abstract:	Experimental evaluation of the electromechanical properties of relaxor piezoelectric single crystals under stress, thermal, electrical bias conditions is proposed through the use of various dynamic and static evaluation methods. The proposed phase I effort concentrates on evaluation of properties of PMN-PT using resonant bars, and Lumped-Parameter (L-P) dumbbell resonators under pressure loading and temperature biasing conditions.

Image Acoustics, Inc. 97 Elm Street Cohasset, MA 02025
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 383-2002 John Butler N111-076 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Piezoelectric Single Crystal Property Assessment for Cost-Effective Optimized Naval SONAR Transducers
Abstract:	This SBIR Proposal addresses the need for a “Piezoelectric Single Crystal Property Assessment for Cost-Effective Optimized Naval SONAR.” We have identified a SONAR transducer application that will benefit from this effort in which a characterization of the linear and non-linear electromechanical properties will be undertaken over a broad range of temperature-field-stress conditions. To this end we will utilize a targeted array of instruments specifically set up for these measurements. The experimental piezoelectric single crystal sample setup will be tracked with 3-D finite element models to ascertain the suitability of sample size, particularly in relationship to the modes of vibration. The measurements will then be applied to both linear and non-linear analytical and piece- wise finite element models. Ultimately, this data would be used to predict the full performance of the identified SONAR transducer application.

Progeny Systems Corporation 9500 Innovation Drive Manassas, VA 20110
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(801) 359-4566 Jim Powers N111-076 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Piezoelectric Single Crystal Property Assessment for Cost-Effective Optimized Naval SONAR Transducers
Abstract:	Develop experimental methods and evaluate the linear and non-linear electromechanical properties of relaxor piezoelectric crystals under temperature-stress-field conditions relevant to naval SONAR systems. The domain of phase stability and property linearity for first generation binary, second generation ternary, and third generation doped materials should be assessed to optimize naval SONAR transducer designs. Work under this topic will characterize the linear and non-linear electromechanical properties of a broad range of materials compositions under a broad range of temperature-field-stress conditions to delineate the composition/properties that optimize a variety of naval SONAR transducers.

TRS Ceramics, Inc. 2820 East College Avenue State College, PA 16801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(814) 238-7485 Jun Luo N111-076 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Piezoelectric Single Crystal Property Assessment for Cost-Effective Optimized Naval SONAR Transducers
Abstract:	The advanced relaxor-PT piezoelectric crystals, Mn:PIN-PMN-PT (manganese doped Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3), were initially developed by TRS and immediately attracted broad attention for the next generation of high power SONAR transducers due to their greatly improved electromechanical “hardness” (low mechanical loss) with well-maintained, extremely high electromechanical coupling coefficient. To fully evaluate the performance of Mn:PIN-PMN-PT crystals under the operating conditions in high power SONAR transducers, TRS Technologies, Inc. in collaboration with the Pennsylvania State University propose to systematically study the linear and nonlinear behaviors under broad ranges of mechanical stress, electric field and operating temperature. In the phase I program, the large signal, quasistatic measurement under variable stress, temperature and electric field is proposed as a main method of characterization, as it was proved to be effective to disclose the critical properties for SONAR transducer design; however, some preliminary dynamic measurements will be conducted as well. The characteristic internal bias observed in poled Mn:PIN-PMN-PT crystals will be studied to seek the possibility of eliminating the external DC bias in crystal transducer designs; meanwhile, the long term stability and reliability of Mn:PIN-PMN-PT crystals in a high power operating environment will be examined by fatigue and accelerated aging tests.

Weidlinger Associates, Inc. 375 Hudson St FL 12 New York, NY 10014
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(650) 230-0343 Paul Reynolds N111-076 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Piezoelectric Single Crystal Property Assessment for Cost-Effective Optimized Naval SONAR Transducers
Abstract:	Single crystal piezoelectric materials offer significant potential benefits to Navy SONAR transducers including higher power, greater bandwidth and greater efficiency. New compositions now offer improved characteristics even under higher temperature and other normally detrimental operating conditions. Transducer designers, however, are limited in their capabilities due to limited information as to the material properties under varying operating conditions of pressure, temperature, and electric field. This proposal offers a unique combination of measurement capability for materials under those conditions, laser vibrometer based surface displacements, and a numerical optimization method tied to a highly accurate finite element program (PZFlex) to ensure consistent, accurate, and reliable material properties. This will allow for linear and nonlinear analysis of Navy SONAR transducer designs quickly and accurately, reducing development costs and ensuring technologically advanced, robust, and reliable SONAR systems.

Applied Optimization, Inc. 714 E Monument Ave Ste 204 Dayton, OH 45402
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(937) 431-5100 Anil Chaudhary N111-077 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Rapid Part Qualification Methodology of Aircraft Metallic Components using Direct Digital Manufacturing Technologies
Abstract:	The objective of this Phase I proposal is to demonstrate feasibility of heuristic and adaptive design for direct digital manufacturing (DDM) of Ti-6Al-4V parts using LENSTM, NDE and limited mechanical testing for achieving low-cost certification. The Phase I approach is based on the principles of similitude and dimensionless analysis. The process design for the building blocks of the part is created using a dimensionless governing equation. This allows the design to be scaled to the physical dimensions needed for the part. The heuristics of part design is such that the thermal path of the material during the deposit of a building block is automatically matched with the thermal path during the deposit of the part. This allows the use of test data from the deposit of building blocks for part certification. Demonstration deposits of the building blocks and the part will be produced and tested as per the AMS 4999 specification. The test data for all building blocks in the part will be fused in order to determine the expected minima for the part material properties. Limited mechanical testing will performed on the part deposit in order to verify its properties with respect the computed minima from the building block deposit. The design procedures for the building block deposit and the part deposit will be documented in a draft DDM procedure specification. The experimental data will be documented as a DDM process qualification record.

B6 Sigma, Inc. 41B Bisbee Court Suite B4 Santa Fe, NM 87508
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(505) 438-2576 Vivek Dave N111-077 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Rapid Part Qualification Methodology of Aircraft Metallic Components using Direct Digital Manufacturing Technologies
Abstract:	Despite tremendous potential cost advantages, there is one very serious obstacle in the path of successful, widespread adoption of Direct Digital Manufacturing as a viable aerospace manufacturing technique: namely qualification and certification of processes, materials, and components. This roadblock to adoption is significant and dramatic. The cost implications alone of introducing a new material to aerospace, either on the airframe side or the engine side, are considerable, and the general rule of thumb is 2 years and $2M - $5M in non- recurring testing costs. Our unique approach to rapid qualification and certification combines limited and initial mechanical testing, advanced in-process sensing and process monitoring, microstructural characterization, and a statistical classification methodology that is truly multi-variate and can fuse these various inputs to result in a decision on whether or not a specific weld, deposit, or even part belongs in the same population as the nominal baseline certified parts, or is it anomalous in some way.

Keystone Synergistic Enterprises, Inc. 698 SW Port Saint Lucie Blvd Suite 105 Port Saint Lucie, FL 34953
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(772) 343-7544 Bryant Walker N111-077 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Rapid Part Qualification Methodology of Aircraft Metallic Components using Direct Digital Manufacturing Technologies
Abstract:	Direct Digital Manufacturing (DDM) reduces cost and energy content of manufactured parts and enables producing parts-on-demand. The DDM process can reduce part acquisition time from several months to less than a few days. DDM reduces energy and machining cost by eliminating tooling and reducing by 10-20 times the buy-to-fly ratios of conventionally produced titanium parts. However, to achieve timely realization of these benefits, a rapid certification method is required for DDM of a wide range of metallic parts having diverse geometries. Presently, in order to ensure airworthiness, DDM parts must pass a lengthy and costly certification process. This significantly affects the Navy’s ability to use DDM to produce parts-on-demand. Thus, Keystone proposes an innovative method for part certification using a heuristic and adaptive approach and processing maps combined with non-destructive inspection, metallurgical review and limited mechanical property tests. The proposed project strategy envisions that an aircraft component can be composed of several standardized, building blocks of simple 3-dimensional geometric shapes and manufactured using 'sweet spot' parameters and practices. These representative geometric elements of a component, when fabricated using sweet spot process parameters and manufacturing practices, properly tested for defects, microstructure and mechanical properties, will enable establishment of a qualification algorithm and used for rapidly qualifying additional parts.

Altex Technologies Corporation 244 Sobrante Way Sunnyvale, CA 94086
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(408) 328-8302 John Kelly N111-078 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Exhaust Heat Recovery Heat Exchanger
Abstract:	Heat recovered from Navy ship gas turbine engine exhausts could significantly reduce shipboard fuel use by providing heating, cooling or additional power output at no increase in fuel use. However, current heat recovery heat exchangers have durability problems, are too large for packaging in current exhaust ducts and have pressure drops that reduce power output. Altex has identified an advanced heat recovery heat exchanger design that can address all of these issues, at a cost lower than conventional heat exchangers. Preliminary tests have shown the good heat transfer and pressure drop potential of the concept. Under the proposed Phase I project, the concept will be adapted to a heat recovery application of interest to the Navy, and a sub-scale test article will be built and tested in the laboratory to show the feasibility of the concept. In addition, Phase I Option tests will test the concept as integrated with a gas turbine. These results, combined with a cost evaluation, will ready the concept for Phase II prototype development and testing at 250kW scale.

Creare Inc. P.O. Box 71 Hanover, NH 03755
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(604) 643-3800 Mark Zagarola N111-078 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	A Robust Heat Exchanger for Gas Turbine Exhaust Heat Recovery
Abstract:	Marine gas turbine engines are typically 30 to 40% efficient at full power resulting in 60 to 70% of the input energy being exhausted to the environment as waste heat. These engines are even less efficient at partial power conditions where they often operate. Bottoming cycles, such as organic Rankine cycles, can utilize this waste heat to produce useful work, improving overall efficiency by 10 to 20%. An enabling technology for utilizing a bottoming cycle is an Exhaust Heat Recovery Heat Exchanger (EHRX) which transfers heat from the gas turbine exhaust to the working fluid of the bottoming cycle. For marine applications, this heat exchanger experiences large temperature transients and gradients, and is exposed to a corrosive exhaust stream. These environmental factors make long lifetimes and durability key challenges. On this program, we propose to develop an innovative and robust EHRX that is optimized for marine applications. On the Phase I project, we will optimize the design of the EHRX for a particular application as selected by Navy representatives. During the Phase I Option, we will produce fabrication drawings for a prototype EHRX, and during the Phase II project, we will build and test the prototype EHRX.

Precision Combustion, Inc. 410 Sackett Point Road North Haven, CT 06473
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(203) 287-3700 Benjamin Baird N111-078 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Compact, Durable, and Efficient Exhaust Energy Recovery Heat Exchanger
Abstract:	Gas turbine and diesel engines lose a significant portion of energy to the environment as waste heat. Recovery of this waste heat offers the potential for increased fuel savings. The design of a durable heat recovery device such as a heat exchanger for this waste heat recovery is challenging due to the highly transient operation, limitation on pressure drop and weight and space constraints. Precision Combustion, Inc. (PCI) proposes to design and develop a simple, compact, durable and efficient heat recovery heat exchanger (HRHX) design that can successfully operate in the exhaust temperature range from 260C/500F to 650C/1200F. These HRHX features are being adapted from PCI’s extensive experience of an integral catalytic reactor heat exchanger designed for gas turbine combustion. The Phase I work will design and develop the HRHX design concept for marine application. In addition, an advanced working heat transfer fluid will be identified. PCI will conduct analytical studies to optimize the heat transfer effectiveness. In Phase II, PCI will manufacture and test the full scale prototype design.

Thermacore, Inc. 780 Eden Road Lancaster, PA 17601
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(717) 569-6551 JOHN ROSENFELD N111-078 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Exhaust Heat Recovery Heat Exchanger
Abstract:	The usage of Brazed Plate Heat exchanger is the key component for this SBIR. By utilizing the large amount of heat transfer surface area that a Brazed Plate Heat Exchanger provide, it will minimize the overall size of the heat exchanger system. The goal is to have the heat exchanger operate without failure due to thermal shock, corrosion, or fouling as hot gas enters the system between 500 to 1200F and interacting with non-aqueous liquid coolant at 60 to 130F. The design and development of the brazed plate heat exchanger will revolve around developing new grove pattern on the plate, incorporate a double plate design for thermal shock, and develop a thermal resistance that is built into the system, selection of material to prevent fouling and corrosion.

Metamagnetics Inc. 36 Station St Sharon, MA 02067
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(617) 780-7983 Anton Geiler N111-080 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Tunable multiferroic hairpin-line resonator microstrip bandpass filter at C-band
Abstract:	Metamagnetics proposes to address the limitations of currently available commercial-of-the- shelf tunable microwave filters in terms of insertion loss, linearity, tuning speed, etc. by developing innovative voltage tunable multiferroic microstrip filter technology. The proposed concept offers the potential advantages of low insertion loss, low dc power consumption, high rf power handling capability, fast response time, planar geometry, and compact size. Metamagnetics’ researchers will develop microstrip ferrite filters that exhibit either direct voltage tuning through stress-mediated mechanical coupling of ferrites with piezoelectric materials or indirect tuning using magnetic fringe fields emanating from voltage tunable multiferroic composites utilizing magnetostrictive and piezoelectric materials. These experiments will establish a solid foundation for the development of advanced multiferroic tunable filter devices in a follow-on Phase II effort. The proposed technology described herein combines the low loss, high power handling, reliability, and radiation hardness of today's ferrite filter devices with planar, cost-effective, low power consuming, and fast responding multiferroic voltage drive technology.

Structured Materials Industries 201 Circle Drive North Unit # 102 Piscataway, NJ 08854
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(732) 302-9274 Nick Sbrockey N111-080 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Tunable RF Band-Pass Filters Based on Multi-ferroic Nanocomposites
Abstract:	In this SBIR program, Structured Materials Industries, Inc. www.structuredmaterials.com (SMI) and partners will develop high-speed, low-loss, tunable RF bandpass filters. The filters will meet all requirements for tunability, tuning speed, insertion loss, bandwidth and linearity, as specified in SBIR solicitation N111-080. Our technical approach is based on nanocomposite thin films of multi-ferroic materials. Specifically, we will use nanocomposites of the piezoelectric/ferroelectric material BaTiO3 and the ferromagnetic material CoFe2O4. The thin film approach will enable devices which can be tuned with significantly lower voltage and magnetic fields, compared to devices based on bulk piezoelectric crystals such as lead- zirconium-titanate (PZT). Our thin film based multi-ferroic filters will enable compact, light weight RF systems with low power requirements and extended battery life. The thin film approach will also enable a greater degree of electronic integration at the board level, for increased functionality.

Winchester Technologies, LLC 21 Churchill Rd Winchester, MA 01890
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 862-5971 Jerry Green N111-080 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Electric Field Tunable Multi-Ferroic Filters for C-band RF Applications
Abstract:	Tunable bandpass filters are more and more widely used in modern RF communication systems with the ever increasing availability of bandwidth. The demand has been growing for tunable bandpass filters with improved performance on insertion loss, tunable range, bandwidth, linearity, size, weight, and power efficiency. Semiconductor varactors are typically used for achieving tunability in RF circuits, but they are limited by their large loss and linearity above UHF. Tunable bandpass filters based on magnetic field tunable yttrium iron garnet (YIG) and on tunable RF MEMS devices are also good candidates, but they are limited by their relatively slow tuning speed. Electric field tunable multiferroic devices provide a unique alternative technology for electric field tunable filters, which are achieved through a strain mediated magnetoelectric coupling in magnetic/ferroelectric multiferroic heterostructures, leading to fast tuning, compact, lightweight and power efficient tunable filters that can be integrated in a hybrid manner with other circuits. In this project, we propose to demonstrate new improved tunable bandpass filters that meet the specifications of this SBIR Topic, based on our recent demonstrations of electric field tunable multiferroic heterostructures and electric tunable bandpass filters. The tunable bandpass filters will be demonstrated on the basis of a ferrite/PZN-PT (lead zinc niobate-lead titanate) heterostructure. These electric field tunable multiferroic bandpass filters will work in C-Band (5-7 GHz) with the following characteristics: a tuning range > 33% (5-7 GHz), fractional 3- dB bandwidth < 10%, low insertion loss < 3 dB, IIP3 > 40 dBm, P1dB: > 20 dBm, and fast tuning speed < 10 µs. At the same time, a clear feasible plan and successful path to the Phase II targets will be laid out. These compact electric field tunable multiferroic bandpass filters with combined large tunability, low insertion loss, high linearity and large power handling capability will provide great opportunities for future radars, electronic warfare and communication systems.

Adventium Enterprises, LLC 111 Third Ave. S., Suite 100 Minneapolis, MN 55401
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(651) 214-5713 Jason Sonnek N111-081 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Stealthy MOnitoring KErnel (SMOKE)
Abstract:	Intrusion detection and prevention systems capable of defending production systems depend on a monitoring kernel capable of providing complete, accurate, real-time data regarding the execution state of the system. Existing solutions lack the adaptability, scalability or low observability necessary to protect the millions of embedded systems, desktops and servers used by the DoD. By leveraging second-generation hardware virtualization and management technologies, Adventium's Stealthy MOnitoring KErnel (SMOKE) will provide a stealthy, evolvable, low-overhead monitoring kernel. By focusing on exposing data acquisition capabilities with low observability, SMOKE provides a more assurable foundation for development of advanced intrusion detection, intrusion prevention and malware analysis capabilities. Since SMOKE builds upon technology already built into modern chipsets coupled with enterprise-ready VMM technology, it will be suitable for large-scale deployment on desktops and servers. Furthermore, SMOKE provides defense-in-depth and enables cross-view validation. This Phase I SBIR will demonstrate technical feasibility of SMOKE and will lay the foundation for future Phase II implementation efforts by conducting observability, overhead and threat assessments. SMOKE will be immediately applicable in a broad range of IDS/IPS applications and complements Adventium's on-going efforts to develop high-assurance VMM-based CDS and host monitoring solutions.

Galois, Inc. 421 SW Sixth Suite 300 Portland, OR 97204
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(503) 626-6616 Mark Tullsen N111-081 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	DACET: Data Acquisition through Compositional Executable Transformations
Abstract:	Low-overhead, real-time data acquisition of executing software is the last line of defense against malicious cyber attacks. A monitoring approach cannot depend on access to source code, as the code may be proprietary andrecompilation is too time-intensive. Rather, we propose to monitor the binary executables themselves. Our solution is called DACET: Data Acquisition through Compositional Executable Transformations. DACET is a framework for composing monitoring specifications. DACET instruments binaries at load-time (or earlier) with monitors. The monitors are specified by a monitoring policy. A novel aspect of DACET is that it transforms binaries into LLVM (LowLevel Virtual Machine) code, a high-level typed architecture-independent assembly language. The monitors are instrumented into the LLVM, and then machine code is re-generated. LLVM already has associated with it numerous open-source static and dynamic analysis tools and generates highly-optimized machine code. Furthermore, DACET will include a static execution time predictor to help the user determine the performance penalty of implementing the monitoring policy. DACET is a software-only tool with no hardware dependencies but can be made more efficient with hardware extensions.

GrammaTech, Inc 531 Esty Street Ithaca, NY 14850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(607) 273-7340 Thomas Johnson N111-081 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Stealth and Real-time Program Execution Monitoring
Abstract:	Modern computer systems involve complex arrangements of many software components. It has proven difficult to secure such systems from attack by finding and closing all security holes. Dynamic monitoring techniques that detect intrusions have been developed to defend against latent, unknown vulnerabilities. However, to date these monitoring techniques have focused too narrowly on specific detection strategies and can often be sidestepped.We propose a next-generation system monitoring platform capable of supporting a wide variety of monitoring strategies. Moreover, our approach provides comprehensive protection for the entire computer system rather than guarding individual processes one-at-a-time. The proposed system monitoring tool incorporates stealth to inhibit an adversary’s ability to disable it, and dynamic optimization to ensure minimal performance overhead on the protected system.

Clarcona Technology, LLC. 692 Oak Hollow Way Altamonte Springs, FL 32714
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(407) 694-4541 Brent Horine N111-082 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Combined spectral management/ satellite receiver modem
Abstract:	With the advent of all-digital-radio receiver technology, whole satellite bands can be monitored and processed as a single entity. Clarcona Technology, LLC proposes to develop a highly flexible, dynamically adaptable modem processor capable of supporting up to 100 waveforms. We will employ dynamic spectrum analysis to autonomously manage frequency and waveform assignments while monitoring for unauthorized users.

MaXentric Technologies LLC 2071 Lemoine Avenue Suite 302 Fort Lee, NJ 07024
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 272-8800 Donald Kimball N111-082 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Combined spectral management/ satellite receiver modem
Abstract:	Satellite transponder bandwidth cost has always been expensive, and more efficient use of this scarce asset is highly desirable. Operators around the world are demanding smarter satellite systems capable of optimized dynamic bandwidth allocation through Bandwidth-on- Demand (BoD) and Quality of Service (QoS) as well cost effective end-user terminals and ground stations based on commercial standards to benefit from global economies of scale. Conventional analog system implementations have many performance limitations that include frequency dependency, non-linearities, high insertion losses, circuit tuning requirements and expensive waveguide inter-connections that ultimately limit the performance of the complete receiver system. These limitations are greatly multiplied when operational scenarios require multiple frequency and channel configurations.Solving these problems requires extension of digital processing to the traditionally analog RF domain. Superconductor electronics allow for direct-conversion system approach has been realized with Digital-RF architecture. This architecture enables digital signal distribution system and can provide multiple band operation within a single integrated system. Here are we are proposing a single software defined receiver system that can be used to monitor satellite operations and also act as a multi-band terminal and intruder detection.

specom inc. 16885 West Bernardo Drive Suite 285 San Diego, CA 92127
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(619) 884-8523 Dragan Vuletic N111-082 Awarded:5/9/2011
Title:	Integrated Wideband Spectral Management / Satellite Receiver Modem
Abstract:	Applying Cognitive Radio and adaptive Software-Defined Radio technologies, combined with next-generation Analog-to-Digital Converters and digital signal processors will substantially improve future Satellite Communication (SATCOM) system’s overall performance by providing better real-time visibility into the RF operating environment, enabling automatic channelization to improve spectral efficiency, and mitigate the effects from RF interference. The key technologies required to monitor and respond to the RF external environment by necessity reside proximal to the SATCOM’s physical layer, including mechanisms to obtain spectral awareness and to provide adaptive spectral allocation and utilization. The Digital Signal Processing based spectrum monitoring and channelization technologies being proposed are independent of modulation scheme and will be an ideal solution for supporting future SATCOM applications.

ATC - NY 33 Thornwood Drive, Suite 500 Ithaca, NY 14850
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(607) 257-1975 Stephen Brueckner N111-083 Awarded:5/23/2011
Title:	BotMesh
Abstract:	Botnets and other large-scale malicious behaviors present a pervasive and evolving threat to cyber security. Stealth botnets and distributed, stealthy cyber attacks present a particular challenge to cyber defense because their malicious behavior is difficult to detect. State-of- the-art and next-generation cyber security algorithms will be capable of detecting and preventing stealthy and distributed cyber attacks. Effectively using these algorithms requires a network security infrastructure capable of collecting network traffic information for a large number of networks over long periods of time, making decisions based on accumulated network traffic information, and implementing new policies on network security hardware. ATC-NY will develop BotMesh, a network sensor infrastructure and framework for cyber security algorithms. The BotMesh architecture manages the collection and storage of filtered network traffic information from a large, distributed collection of network sensors, the application of computationally-intensive algorithms to collected data, visualization and decision-making based on the results of these algorithms, and the alteration of network security policies in response to identified threats. With BotMesh, a future algorithm to detect a type of stealthy botnet attack can be rapidly implemented and deployed on an existing network of sensors, quickly detecting, identifying, and defending against hostile stealth botnets and similar threats.

Physical Optics Corporation Information Technologies Division 20600 Gramercy Place, Bldg. 100 Torrance, CA 90501
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(310) 320-3088 Alexander Milovanov N111-083 Awarded:5/23/2011
Title:	Network Protection Mechanism and System
Abstract:	To address the U.S. Navy’s need for a sensor-based network defense architecture, Physical Optics Corporation (POC) proposes to develop a new NETwork PROtection mechanism and system (PRONET). PRONET will implement intelligent, collaborative sensors/defender modules that detect, geolocate, and completely insulate attacks on a network. Innovations in the architecture and the built-in algorithms will enable PRONET to detect, deny, and track new and existing types of cyber attacks, protecting DoD networks against a large and evolving family of highly distributed and stealthy attack. When detected, intruders are redirected to a simulated network that acts as a decoy. This diversion gives attackers false network information and gives administrators the time and crucial information to take defensive actions. In Phase I, POC will develop PRONET’s conceptual framework and network-protection mechanisms and demonstrate its feasibility by assembling a prototype. In Phase II, POC plans to develop an advanced prototype to reliably protect wired and wireless networks against highly distributed, low-frequency attacks. This prototype will demonstrate the robustness of PRONET and show that it can detect and defend against these attacks.

Reservoir Labs., Inc. 632 Broadway, Suite 803 New York, NY 10012
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(212) 780-0527 Jordi Ros-Giralt N111-083 Awarded:5/23/2011
Title:	Network Sensor to Geolocate Cyber Attacks and Framework
Abstract:	This proposal describes a cyber-defense research and development program. The technologies offered and to be developed will increase the depth and pervasiveness of cyber defenses through Navy systems, provide a platform for more rapid deployment of new defenses, increase the performance (data bandwidth and energy efficiency), and provide a global view to allow new forms of understanding and defense of Navy global IP networks. The proposed technology consists of a network-based IP sensor that will enable a new breed of sophisticated algorithms toward the detection of cyber security attacks. The sensor will be able to seamlessly extract relevant features from the network traffic, store historical snapshots of the network, and use both historical and current state of the network to detect attacks. To that end, we propose to use Bro, the open source, language-rich, network analyzer developed at the ICSI Center for Internet Research (ICIR), as a programmable building block, and to extend its current capabilities to support richer mathematical frameworks required to detect sophisticated cyber attacks. Besides providing a programmable framework, the proposed technology will integrate specific algorithms toward the detection of highly distributed, stealth attacks and their geolocation on a multi-resolution world map.

Aptima, Inc. 12 Gill Street Suite 1400 Woburn, MA 01801
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(781) 496-2452 Jason Sidman N111-084 Awarded:5/18/2011
Title:	Pedagogical Authoring of Virtual Environments (PAVE)
Abstract:	The United States faces a persistent and real cyber threat to its government and business infrastructure. It is estimated that the .mil environment experiences 250,000 actual attack attempts every day from an assortment of hacktavists, criminal elements, and nation-states. Virtual worlds hold tremendous promise as training tools in the cyber domain. However, despite their promise as training tools, virtual worlds in and of themselves are not training tools. They require the proper design to transform them from entertainment technologies to training tools. What this suggests is the need for authoring tools for virtual worlds, rather than more or different virtual worlds per se. However, much like the virtual worlds themselves, authoring tools also are not designed with training in mind. It is with this goal in mind that we propose the development of the Pedagogical Authoring of Virtual Environments (PAVE), an authoring tool that enables non-training science experts to develop pedagogically effective user-generated content for virtual worlds.

JRM Enterprises, Inc. 4820 Southpoint Drive, Suite 203 Fredericksburg, VA 22407
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(540) 786-0608 Chris Fink N111-084 Awarded:6/13/2011
Title:	Virtual War Games
Abstract:	JRM and Advanced Gaming Solutions Inc, along with Calytrix Technologies, propose to develop a comprehensive Virtual War Game capability for Naval Warfare, focusing particularly on physics-based full-spectrum representation of SPAWAR C4I systems for highly realistic, real-time training for all Navy combatant roles. JRM proposes to leverage Advanced Gaming’s H3-MilSim, based on the highly successful, Naval War College - approved commercial game, Harpoon. In the Phase I JRM and its team will design a base infrastructure around H3MILSIM, and various key capability extensions for Phase II implementation. These capability extensions include: (1) a scalable, networked software architecture for distributed war gaming around Calytrix’s proven COTS Live- Virtual-Constructive product (LVC Game) for DIS & HLA networking with other LVC systems; (2) improved physics-based sensor and communications modeling of SPAWAR C4I systems around JRM’s proven Target Acquisition Agent (TAA) Federate technology; (3) 3D OTW and sensor visualization capability in H3MILSIM around JRM’s OpenSceneGraph sensor image rendering technology, (4) virtual environment 3D models like a “Virtual CIC”, “Virtual Bridge” and “Virtual UAV operator station”; (5) realtime multi- channel simulated radio communications between trainees and instructor/observers (game participants) based upon Calytrix’s proven COTS product, Comm Net Radio Simulator, coupled with JRM’s physics-based radio frequency communications models.

Sonalysts, Inc. 215 Parkway North P.O. Box 280 Waterford, CT 06385
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(757) 490-3927 David Fliesen N111-084 Awarded:5/19/2011
Title:	Virtual War Games
Abstract:	From its historic beginnings with the establishment of the Naval War College in 1881, the U.S. Navy’s wargaming capability has evolved with emerging technologies, tactics, techniques, and procedures. With the introduction of virtual world technologies, wargaming begins a new era in the “art of the possible.”Team Sonalysts offers our proposed concept for “Simulated Wargaming” (SimWars) to provide the next generation of naval wargaming capability. Using a layered, measured, scalable, and dynamic enterprise Service-Oriented High Level Architecture (SOHLA) framework, we propose to develop the SimWars concept, design, and architecture. We will leverage innovation by assessing the latest commercial and military technologies, models, and simulations for mashup integration into SimWars. A trade space analysis will be provided with a life-cycle support plan, roadmap for growth and portability, and implementation recommendations. If invited to the Option period, Team Sonalysts will further demonstrate the architecture with a Proof-of-Concept using a client- server topology and provide recommendations for network implementation of the Phase II prototype.SimWars will set the new standard for wargaming with a more convenient, effective, and efficient venue that will empower U.S. Navy commands with maximum flexibility and control over wargaming scenarios for optimum results with greater participation and value.

Bedford Signals Corporation 27 Burlington Road Bedford, MA 01730
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(339) 223-2861 Kenneth Falcone N111-085 Awarded:6/10/2011
Title:	Hierarchical Full Mesh RF Fading Channel Emulator
Abstract:	The Navy is looking to research and develop a multi-channel, programmable, scalable, and extensible Radio Frequency (RF) channel emulator that enables laboratory verification of next-generation radio and waveform capabilities. The emulator must provide a high fidelity operationally representative RF environment consisting of delay, attenuation, Doppler shift, and fading over 2 MHz to 2 GHz for networks of 8 to 100 nodes with high isolation between the nodes. The system should support several hundred MHz bandwidth, delays up to one second, and satellite uplink/downlink frequency conversions. Bedford Signals proposes to solve this problem by combining our custom DSP hardware and algorithms with an efficient, scalable, and extensible hierarchical structure to emulate a full mesh RF network. Our existing technology for implementing the delay, Doppler shift, and fading models includes a patented high precision dynamic delay implementation that models the carrier and modulation, delay and Doppler between a transmit antenna and multiple receive antennas, and efficient decimating and interpolating filter implementations to model fading.

DataSoft Corp. 1475 N. Scottsdale Road #460 Scottsdale, AZ 85257
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(480) 763-5777 Larry Dunst N111-085 Awarded:6/13/2011
Title:	Real-Time RF Channel Impairment Emulator
Abstract:	The DataSoft Advanced Real-time RF Channel Impairment Emulator (DARRCIE) provides the required channel emulation capabilities in support of evaluating next-generation wireless technologies by a detailed study, evaluation, and comparison of the enabling technologies and concepts offered by the Optical/Analog, Band-Detecting Digital, and Direct Full-Band Digital architectural candidate approaches. Using defined architectural evaluation criteria each of three candidate approaches are assessed regarding there wideband RF interface, propagation delay, range attenuation & slow fading, fast fading & Doppler, topology configurability, noise & interference, and scalability capability. For the selected most viable candidate approach, each capability is further examined with a focus on risk reduction to select a minimal set of channel emulator capabilities for prototyping and associated proof-of- concept testing. Using defined scenarios for proof-of-concept testing with associated validation criteria, the performance of the minimal prototype is analyzed to resolve issues that could hinder a successful Phase II eight channel emulator prototype development. Finally, a combined system and high-level design specification is written to capture the system functional and performance requirements, external interfaces, top-level system design, and subsystem interfaces.

Toyon Research Corp. 6800 Cortona Drive Goleta, CA 93117
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(805) 968-6787 Brad Weals N111-085 Awarded:6/21/2011
Title:	Real-Time RF Channel Impairment Emulator
Abstract:	The Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) program has need of aprogrammable and extensible wireless channel impairment emulatoraccommodating networks of 8 to 100 radio nodes operating in a frequencyrange of 2 MHz to 2 GHz. The emulator should be high fidelity,broadband, have a range resolution of 0.25 km, provide link losses of upto 130 dB, have a resolution of 0.5 dB, a high dynamic range, goodisolation between radios, low minimum latency, and be capable ofpropagation delays of up to 1 second. In addition, the system should beable to handle multiple protocols, support systems that are full duplex, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), and frequency agile. It should becapable of accepting pre-programmed scenarios involving Doppler shifts,fast and slow fading, and multipath.Toyon proposes to meet these requirements with a unique design capableof full duplex operation over a wide bandwidth. Our design uses wideband hybrid couplers in the RF front end combined with a digital frontend utilizing a signal spectrum detector to control a digital downconverter (DDC) to reject transmit energy from the receive path. Also,we plan to use highly efficient filter designs in the field programmablegate array (FPGA) that will allow us to emulate a large number of thechannels implicit in a large radio network.

TrellisWare Technologies, Inc. 16516 Via Esprillo Suite 300 San Diego, CA 92127
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(858) 753-1608 Jonathan Cromwell N111-085 Awarded:6/28/2011
Title:	Wideband Channel Emulation for Networked Radios
Abstract:	The family of multi-functional SDR systems currently being developed and deployed by the JTRS Program will provide the Joint and Coalition Warfighter with the next generation of networked voice, video, and data communications. The very features that will make JTRS radios so critical to the Warfighter – e.g. wideband operation and transformational networking – complicate their testing and evaluation. For example, the combinatorial explosion of the number of links in a networked radio system precludes the use of COTS fading channel simulators.As early as 2007, TrellisWare was faced with precisely the same problem that this SBIR topic seeks to address: how to emulate a high fidelity, operationally representative radio frequency (RF) environment for a network of tactical radios? While TrellisWare faced a problem that is somewhat restricted in scope compared to that considered presently – our focus was on the terrestrial operation of a system with a maximum bandwidth of 20 MHz – the channel emulator that we developed internally to evaluate our CheetahNet platform nonetheless provides the foundation for the development of a multi-channel, programmable, scalable, and extensible RF channel emulator that will enable laboratory verification of next-generation military and commercial radio and waveform capabilities.

Intelligent Optical Systems, Inc. 2520 W. 237th Street Torrance, CA 90505
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(424) 263-6316 Vladimir Rubtsov N111-086 Awarded:6/30/2011
Title:	Novel Fiber Optic Lighting System for Antenna Towers
Abstract:	Intelligent Optical Systems (IOS) proposes the development of a Novel Fiber Optic Lighting System for Antenna Towers (FOLSAT). This remote source illumination system will include a set of remotely located red light sources; light delivery fiber optic cables that will deliver light at distances up to 1500 ft. with low loss, and newly designed signaling beacons. FOLSAT will replace the electrical lighting system installed on the mast towers that tend to be affected by the strong radio frequency electromagnetic field. The advantages of our system are practically zero antennas downtime, and insensitivity to the electromagnetic interference. The baseline low loss fiber for this remote lighting was developed for remote lighting on Navy vessels, and will be modified to be applicable for longer distances. In Phase I, IOS and their collaborator, Polymicro Technologies, will conduct a series of evaluations and experiments to prove the feasibility of applying cables developed from this modified fiber to transmit light to longer distances. In Phase II, a small scale model illuminator will be tested, and any unexpected issues will be evaluated and resolved. In Phase III, the full scale prototype will be installed on a Navy designated tower for field tests.

QUEST Integrated 19823 58th Place S Suite 200 Kent, WA 98032
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(253) 872-9500 Tony Mactutis N111-086 Awarded:6/30/2011
Title:	Innovative lighting approaches for base-insulated transmitting antenna towers
Abstract:	FAA and international standards require lighting of tall structures in order to warn aircraft of collision hazards. U.S. Navy VLF/LF towers have experienced an unacceptable rate of failure of existing tower lighting systems, resulting in significant maintenance costs and system downtime. QUEST proposes to analyze the problem of tower lighting failures in order to better understand the failure mechanisms at play, and to develop innovative solutions which circumvent or mitigate those failure modes. An RF-environment data collection device will be designed, built, and deployed on a Navy VLF tower to analyze electro-magnetic fields and induction effects. Two innovative solutions are proposed: (1) Hardening of the tower lighting units and improvement or alteration of their circuitry to guard against high RF fields and other environmental effects, in order to increase the survivability of existing equipment, and (2) Development of a novel fiber-optic based lighting system whereby all lights and critical control hardware is located at ground level, and light is transmitted to the top of the tower through fiber-optic cabling. A feasibility study will be performed to determine the relative merit of the two innovative solutions through consideration of cost, benefit, risk and reliability.

RSL Fiber Systems, LLC 255 Pitkin Street East Hartford, CT 06108
Phone: PI: Topic#:	(860) 282-4930 Giovanni Tomasi N111-086 Awarded:6/29/2011
Title:	Innovative Lighting System for Base-Insulated Transmitting Antenna Towers
Abstract:	This SBIR effort will evaluate the present state of the fiber optic illumination technology developed for US Navy applications, the new developments in high intensity light sources for illumination and for other applications, the optical fibers used for high energy transport applications, the coupling optics, and the cable designs to determine how these can be utilized and enhanced for the antenna towers lighting system. The environment where these lights will have to operate will be analyzed to insure that all the factors are taken into consideration as the path to a solution is developed. The outcome of the Phase I effort will be the design of a fiber optic based illumination system capable to meet the requirements of the antenna tower lights. Areas requiring further development will be identified, including the performance levels that need to be achieved to make this a system ready for implementation.